مجمع الزوائد ومنبع الفوائد
Majma' al-Zawa'id
كتاب المغازي والسير
Book of Military Expeditions and Biography
بَابُ الْهِجْرَةِ إِلَى الْمَدِينَةِ
The migration to Madinah
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عَنْ عُرْوَةَ قَالَ : وَمَكَثَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - بَعْدَ الْحَجِّ بَقِيَّةَ ذِي الْحِجَّةِ وَالْمُحَرَّمِ وَصَفَرَ ، ثُمَّ إِنَّ مُشْرِكِي قُرَيْشٍ أَجْمَعُوا أَمْرَهُمْ وَمَكْرَهُمْ حِينَ ظَنُّوا أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - خَارِجٌ ، وَعَلِمُوا أَنَّ اللَّهَ قَدْ جَعَلَ لَهُ بِالْمَدِينَةِ مَأْوًى وَمِنْعَةً ، وَبَلَغَهُمْ إِسْلَامُ الْأَنْصَارِ وَمَنْ خَرَجَ إِلَيْهِمْ مِنَ الْمُهَاجِرِينَ ، فَأَجْمَعُوا أَمْرَهُمْ عَلَى أَنْ يَأْخُذُوا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - فَإِمَّا أَنْ يَقْتُلُوهُ ، وَإِمَّا أَنْ يَسْجِنُوهُ ، أَوْ يَسْحَبُوهُ - شَكَّ عَمْرُو بْنُ خَالِدٍ - وَإِمَّا أَنْ يُخْرِجُوهُ ، وَإِمَّا أَنْ يُوثِقُوهُ ، فَأَخْبَرَهُ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ بِمَكْرِهِمْ فَقَالَ تَعَالَى : ( وَإِذْ يَمْكُرُ بِكَ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا لِيُثْبِتُوكَ أَوْ يَقْتُلُوكَ أَوْ يُخْرِجُوكَ وَيَمْكُرُونَ وَيَمْكُرُ اللَّهُ وَاللَّهُ خَيْرُ الْمَاكِرِينَ ) وَبَلَغَهُ ذَلِكَ الْيَوْمَ الَّذِي أَتَى فِيهِ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - دَارَ أَبِي بَكْرٍ أَنَّهُمْ مُبَيِّتُوهُ إِذَا أَمْسَى عَلَى فِرَاشِهِ ، وَخَرَجَ مِنْ تَحْتِ اللَّيْلِ هُوَ وَأَبُو بَكْرٍ قِبَلَ الْغَارِ بِثَوْرٍ ، وَهُوَ الْغَارُ الَّذِي ذَكَرَهُ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ فِي الْقُرْآنِ ، وَعَمَدَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَبِي طَالِبٍ فَرَقَدَ عَلَى فِرَاشِهِ يُوَارِي عَنْهُ الْعُيُونَ ، وَبَاتَ الْمُشْرِكُونَ مِنْ قُرَيْشٍ يَخْتَلِفُونَ وَيَأْتَمِرُونَ أَنْ نُجَثَّمَ عَلَى صَاحِبِ الْفِرَاشِ فَيُوثِقَهُ ؟ فَكَانَ ذَلِكَ حَدِيثَهُمْ حَتَّى أَصْبَحُوا ، فَإِذَا عَلِيٌّ يَقُومُ عَنِ الْفِرَاشِ فَسَأَلُوهُ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - فَأَخْبَرَهُمْ أَنَّهُ لَا عِلْمَ لَهُ بِهِ ، فَعَلِمُوا عِنْدَ ذَلِكَ أَنَّهُ خَرَجَ ، فَرَكِبُوا فِي كُلِّ وَجْهٍ يَطْلُبُونَهُ ، وَبَعَثُوا إِلَى أَهْلِ الْمِيَاهِ يَأْمُرُونَهُمْ وَيَجْعَلُونَ لَهُمُ الْجَعْلَ الْعَظِيمَ ، وَأَتَوْا عَلَى ثَوْرٍ الَّذِي فِيهِ الْغَارُ الَّذِي فِيهِ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - وَأَبُو بَكْرٍ حَتَّى طَلَعُوا فَوْقَهُ ، وَسَمِعَ النَّبِيُّ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - أَصْوَاتَهَمْ فَأَشْفَقَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ عِنْدَ ذَلِكَ وَأَقْبَلَ عَلَى الْهَمِّ وَالْخَوْفِ ، فَعِنْدَ ذَلِكَ قَالَ لَهُ النَّبِيُّ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - : لَا تَحْزَنْ إِنَّ اللَّهَ مَعَنَا " . وَدَعَا فَنَزَلَتْ عَلَيْهِ سَكِينَةٌ مِنَ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ : فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ سَكِينَتَهُ عَلَى رَسُولِهِ وَعَلَى الْمُؤْمِنِينَ وَأَنْزَلَ جُنُودًا لَمْ تَرَوْهَا وَجَعَلَ كَلِمَةَ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا السُّفْلَى وَكَلِمَةُ اللَّهِ هِيَ الْعُلْيَا وَاللَّهُ عَزِيزٌ حَكِيمٌ وَكَانَتْ لِأَبِي بَكْرٍ مِنْحَةٌ تَرُوحُ عَلَيْهِ وَعَلَى أَهْلِهِ بِمَكَّةَ ، فَأَرْسَلَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ عَامِرَ بْنَ فُهَيْرَةَ مَوْلَى أَبِي بَكْرٍ أَمِينًا مُؤْتَمَنًا حَسَنَ الْإِسْلَامِ فَاسْتَأْجَرَ رَجُلًا مِنْ بَنِي عَبْدِ بْنِ عَدِيٍّ يُقَالُ لَهُ : ابْنُ الْأُرَيْقِطِ كَانَ حَلِيفًا لِقُرَيْشٍ فِي بَنِي سَهْمٍ مِنْ بَنِي الْعَاصِ بْنِ وَائِلٍ ، وَذَلِكَ يَوْمَئِذِ الْعَدَوِيُّ مُشْرِكٌ ، وَهُوَ هَادٍ بِالطَّرِيقِ فَخَبَّأَ بَأَظْهُرِنَا تِلْكَ اللَّيَالِيَ ، وَكَانَ يَأْتِيهِمَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ أَبِي بَكْرٍ حِينَ يُمْسِي بِكُلِّ خَبَرٍ يَكُونُ فِي مَكَّةَ ، وَيُرِيحُ عَلَيْهِمَا عَامِرُ بْنُ فُهَيْرَةَ الْغَنَمَ فِي كُلِّ لَيْلَةٍ فَيَحْلِبَانِ وَيَذْبَحَانِ ثُمَّ يَسْرَحُ بُكْرَةً ، فَيُصْبِحُ فِي رُعْيَانِ النَّاسِ ، وَلَا يَفْطِنُ لَهُ ، حَتَّى إِذَا هَدَأَتْ عَنْهُمُ الْأَصْوَاتُ وَأَتَاهُمَا أَنْ قَدْ سَكَتَ عَنْهُمَا جَاءَا صَاحِبَهُمَا بِبَعِيرَيْهِمَا ، وَقَدْ مَكَثَا فِي الْغَارِ يَوْمَيْنِ وَلَيْلَتَيْنِ ثُمَّ انْطَلَقَا وَانْطَلَقَا مَعَهُمَا بِعَامِرِ بْنِ فُهَيْرَةَ يَحْدِيهِمَا وَيَخْدِمُهُمَا وَيُعِينُهُمَا يُرْدِفُهُ أَبُو بَكْرٍ ، وَيُعْقِبُهُ عَلَى رَاحِلَتِهِ لَيْسَ مَعَهُ أَحَدٌ مِنَ النَّاسِ غَيْرَ عَامِرِ بْنِ فُهَيْرَةَ ، وَغَيْرَ أَخِي بَنِي عَدِيٍّ يَهْدِيهِمُ الطَّرِيقَ . رَوَاهُ الطَّبَرَانِيُّ مُرْسَلًا ، وَفِيهِ ابْنُ لَهِيعَةَ ، وَفِيهِ كَلَامٌ ، وَحَدِيثُهُ حَسَنٌ .
Urwah narrates: After the Hajj, the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) remained (in Makkah) during the month of Dhu al-Hijjah, the month of Muharram and the month of Safar. Then the idolaters of Quraysh settled on this matter and devised this scheme when they learned that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) would leave from here, and they came to know that Allah Almighty had made Madinah a place of refuge and protection for him. News of the Ansar's acceptance of Islam also reached them, and they also learned of the Muhajirun who had gone there. So they decided that they would seize the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) and then either kill him, or imprison him, or put him in chains (this doubt is from the narrator Amr bin Khalid), or force him to leave, or tie him up. Allah Almighty informed the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) of their plan. Allah Almighty has said: "And when those who disbelieved were plotting against you, to imprison you or kill you or drive you out (of your native land); they were plotting, and Allah Almighty was planning (His hidden plan), and Allah Almighty is the best of planners." On the day he (peace and blessings be upon him) received this news, the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) came to the house of Sayyiduna Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him); (he had been informed) that when he was on his bed in the evening, they would attack him by night. Then at night the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) and Sayyiduna Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) went towards the Cave of Thawr; this is the cave which Allah Almighty has mentioned in the Qur'an. Sayyiduna Ali bin Abi Talib (may Allah be pleased with him) came and slept on the bed of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), and he remained hidden from their eyes. The idolaters of Quraysh spent the night disagreeing and arguing among themselves: "Shall we attack the person sleeping on the bed and tie him up?" Morning came while they were still talking about this. In the morning Sayyiduna Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) got up from that bed. They asked Sayyiduna Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) about the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), and Sayyiduna Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) told them that he had no knowledge of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him). At that moment the disbelievers realized that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) had already left. So they rode out in every direction searching for him. They sent messages to the people (staying at) various watering places and told them that they would be given a large reward (if they had the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, captured). They also came to the Cave of Thawr, in which the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) and Sayyiduna Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) were present, until they could even be seen above the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him). The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) even heard their voices. At that moment Sayyiduna Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) became worried and was overcome with fear. At that moment the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Do not grieve! Indeed, Allah Almighty is with us." Then the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) supplicated, and tranquility (sakinah) from Allah Almighty descended upon him (which is mentioned in the Qur'an in these words): "So Allah Almighty sent down His tranquility upon His Messenger and upon the believers, and He sent down armies which you do not see, and Allah Almighty made the word of those who disbelieved the lowest, and the word of Allah Almighty is the highest, and Allah Almighty is Mighty and Wise." Sayyiduna Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) had a milk-giving goat that would come in the evening to him and his family in Makkah. Sayyiduna Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) sent his slave Amir bin Fuhayrah, who was a trustworthy, reliable man of good Islam, to hire for payment a man belonging to Banu Abd bin Adi, named Ibn al-Urayqit. This man was an ally of Quraysh and belonged to Banu Sahm, which is a sub-branch of Banu al-As bin Wa'il. At that time that Adawi man was an idolater, but he knew the route. They kept themselves hidden during those nights. Abdullah bin Abi Bakr would come to the two of them in the evening with all the news that occurred in Makkah, and Amir bin Fuhayrah would also come in the evening bringing the goats; this happened every night. They would milk them and slaughter them, and then in the morning he would leave and be with the people's shepherds, so no one could find out about him. When the voices about them had died down and the two of them learned that the matter had now cooled down, their man brought their two camels. These two had stayed in the cave for two days and two nights, and then they set out. Amir bin Fuhayrah also set out with them; he would sing camel songs (huda) for them, serve them and help them. Sayyiduna Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) would seat him behind himself on his mount. With them were only Amir bin Fuhayrah and that man from Banu Adi who was showing them the way.
Al-Tabarani recorded it as a mursal narration; its chain contains a narrator, Ibn Lahi'ah, about whom there has been criticism, and his hadith is hasan (good).
Al-Tabarani recorded it as a mursal narration; its chain contains a narrator, Ibn Lahi'ah, about whom there has been criticism, and his hadith is hasan (good).
وَعَنْ مَارِيَةَ قَالَتْ : طَأْطَأْتُ لِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - حَتَّى صَعِدَ حَائِطًا لَيْلَةَ فَرَّ مِنَ الْمُشْرِكِينَ . رَوَاهُ الطَّبَرَانِيُّ ، وَفِيهِ مَنْ لَمْ أَعْرِفْهُ .
Sayyidah Mariyah (may Allah be pleased with her) narrates: I bent down for the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) until he climbed onto a wall; this was on the night when he escaped from the idolaters.
Al-Tabarani recorded it; its chain contains a narrator whom I do not know.
Al-Tabarani recorded it; its chain contains a narrator whom I do not know.
وَعَنْ أَبِي مُصْعَبٍ الْمَكِّيِّ قَالَ : أَدْرَكْتُ زَيْدَ بْنَ أَرْقَمَ ، وَالْمُغَيَّرَةَ بْنَ شُعْبَةَ ، وَأَنَسَ بْنَ مَالِكٍ يُحَدِّثُونَ : أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - لَمَّا كَانَ لَيْلَةَ بَاتَ فِي الْغَارِ أَمَرَ اللَّهُ تَبَارَكَ وَتَعَالَى شَجَرَةً فَنَبَتَتْ فِي وَجْهِ الْغَارِ ، فَسَتَرَتْ وَجْهَ النَّبِيِّ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - . وَأَمَرَ اللَّهُ تَبَارَكَ وَتَعَالَى الْعَنْكَبُوتَ فَنَسَجَتْ عَلَى وَجْهِ الْغَارِ . وَأَمَرَ اللَّهُ تَبَارَكَ وَتَعَالَى حَمَامَتَيْنِ وَحْشِيَّتَيْنِ فَوَقَفَتَا بِفَمِ الْغَارِ . وَأَتَى الْمُشْرِكُونَ مِنْ كُلِّ فَجٍّ حَتَّى كَانُوا مِنَ النَّبِيِّ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - عَلَى قَدْرِ أَرْبَعِينَ ذِرَاعًا مَعَهُمْ قِسِيِّهِمْ وَعِصِيِّهِمْ ، وَتَقَدَّمَ رَجُلٌ مِنْهُمْ فَنَظَرَ فَرَأَى الْحَمَامَتَيْنِ ، فَرَجَعَ فَقَالَ لِأَصْحَابِهِ : لَيْسَ فِي الْغَارِ شَيْءٌ رَأَيْتُ حَمَامَتَيْنِ عَلَى فَمِ الْغَارِ ، فَعَرَفْتُ أَنْ لَيْسَ فِيهِ أَحَدٌ فَسَمِعَ النَّبِيُّ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - قَوْلَهُ فَعَلِمَ أَنَّ اللَّهَ تَبَارَكَ وَتَعَالَى قَدْ دَرَأَ بِهِمَا عَنْهُ ، فَسَمَّتَ عَلَيْهِمَا ، وَفَرَضَ جَزَاءَهُمَا ، وَاتَّخَذَ فِي حَرَمِ اللَّهِ تَبَارَكَ وَتَعَالَى فَرْخَيْنِ ، أَحْسَبُهُ قَالَ : فَأَصْلُ كُلِّ حَمَامٍ فِي الْحَرَمِ مِنْ فِرَاخِهِمَا . رَوَاهُ الْبَزَّارُ ، وَالطَّبَرَانِيُّ ، وَفِيهِ جَمَاعَةٌ لَمْ أَعْرِفْهُمْ .
Abu Mus'ab al-Makki narrates: I met Sayyiduna Zayd bin Arqam (may Allah be pleased with him), Sayyiduna al-Mughirah bin Shu'bah (may Allah be pleased with him) and Sayyiduna Anas bin Malik (may Allah be pleased with him), and they were narrating that on the night the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) spent in the cave, Allah Almighty commanded a tree, and it grew a plant at the mouth of the cave, which concealed the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him). Allah Almighty commanded the spider, and it wove a web over the mouth of the cave. Allah Almighty commanded two wild doves, and they came and sat at the mouth of the cave. The idolaters came from every direction until they were as close to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) as a distance of forty cubits, carrying their bows and staffs. One of them went forward and saw the two doves, so he went back and said to his companions: "There can be nothing in the cave, because I have seen two doves at the mouth of the cave, from which I have concluded that there is no one inside." The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) heard what he said and realized that Allah Almighty had turned the idolaters away from the two of them through those (doves). So the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) took care of those doves and fixed a recompense for them, and two of their chicks were kept in the Sanctuary of Allah Almighty. The narrator says: I think that the lineage of all the pigeons in the Sanctuary has come from these two chicks.
Al-Bazzar and al-Tabarani recorded it; their chain contains a group of narrators whom I do not know.
Al-Bazzar and al-Tabarani recorded it; their chain contains a group of narrators whom I do not know.
وَعَنْ أَسْمَاءَ بِنْتِ أَبِي بَكْرٍ قَالَتْ : كَانَ النَّبِيُّ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - يَأْتِينَا بِمَكَّةَ كُلَّ يَوْمٍ مَرَّتَيْنِ ، فَلَمَّا كَانَ يَوْمٌ مِنْ ذَلِكَ جَاءَنَا فِي الظَّهِيرَةِ ، فَقَالَتْ : يَا أَبَتِ ، هَذَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - فَبِأَبِي وَأُمِّي مَا جَاءَ بِهِ هَذِهِ السَّاعَةَ إِلَّا أَمْرٌ ، فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - : " هَلْ شَعَرْتَ أَنَّ اللَّهَ قَدْ أَذِنَ لِي فِي الْخُرُوجِ ؟ " . فَقَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ : فَالصَّحَابَةُ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ؟ قَالَ : " الصَّحَابَةُ " . قَالَ : إِنَّ عِنْدِي رَاحِلَتَيْنِ قَدْ عَلَفْتُهُمَا مُنْذُ كَذَا وَكَذَا انْتِظَارًا لِهَذَا الْيَوْمِ فَخُذْ إِحْدَاهُمَا ، فَقَالَ : " بِثَمَنِهَا يَا أَبَا بَكْرٍ " ، فَقَالَ : بِثَمَنِهَا بِأَبِي وَأُمِّي إِنْ شِئْتَ ، قَالَتْ : فَهَيَّأْنَا لَهُمْ سُفْرَةً ، ثُمَّ قَطَعَتْ نِطَاقَهَا فَرَبَطَتْهَا بِبَعْضِهِ ، فَخَرَجَا فَمَكَثَا فِي الْغَارِ فِي جَبَلِ ثَوْرٍ ، فَلَمَّا انْتَهَيَا إِلَيْهِ دَخَلَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ الْغَارَ قَبْلَهُ فَلَمْ يَتْرُكْ فِيهِ حَجَرًا إِلَّا أَدْخَلَ فِيهِ إِصْبَعَهُ ; مَخَافَةَ أَنْ يَكُونَ فِيهِ هَامَةٌ ، وَخَرَجَتْ قُرَيْشٌ حِينَ فَقَدُوهُمَا فِي بِغَائِهِمَا ، وَجَعَلُوا فِي النَّبِيِّ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - مِائَةَ نَاقَةٍ ، وَخَرَجُوا يَطُوفُونَ فِي جِبَالِ مَكَّةَ حَتَّى انْتَهَوْا إِلَى الْجَبَلِ الَّذِي هُمَا فِيهِ ، فَقَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ لِرَجُلٍ [ يَرَاهُ ] مُوَاجِهٍ الْغَارَ : يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ إِنَّهُ لَيَرَانَا ، فَقَالَ : " كَلَّا إِنَّ مَلَائِكَةً تَسْتُرُنَا بِأَجْنِحَتِهَا " . فَجَلَسَ ذَلِكَ الرَّجُلُ فَبَالَ مُوَاجِهَ الْغَارِ ، فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - : " لَوْ كَانَ يَرَانَا مَا فَعَلَ هَذَا " . فَمَكَثَا ثَلَاثَ لَيَالٍ يَرُوحُ عَلَيْهِمَا عَامِرُ بْنُ فُهَيْرَةَ مَوْلَى أَبِي بَكْرٍ غَنَمًا لِأَبِي بَكْرٍ وَيُدْلِجُ مِنْ عِنْدِهِمَا فَيُصْبِحُ مَعَ الرُّعَاةِ فِي مَرَاعِيهَا ، وَيَرُوحُ مَعَهُمْ وَيُبْطِئُ فِي الْمَشْيِ حَتَّى إِذَا أَظْلَمَ اللَّيْلُ انْصَرَفَ بِغَنَمِهِ إِلَيْهِمَا ، فَتَظُنُّ الرُّعَاةُ أَنَّهُ مَعَهُمْ ، وَعَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ أَبِي بَكْرٍ يَظَلُّ بِمَكَّةَ يَتَطَلَّبُ الْأَخْبَارَ ثُمَّ يَأْتِيهِمَا إِذَا أَظْلَمَ اللَّيْلُ فَيُخْبِرُهُمَا ، ثُمَّ يُدْلِجُ مِنْ عِنْدِهِمَا فَيُصْبِحُ بِمَكَّةَ يَتَطَلَّبُ الْأَخْبَارَ ، ثُمَّ يَأْتِيهِمَا إِذَا أَظْلَمَ اللَّيْلُ فَيُخْبِرُهُمَا ، ثُمَّ يُدْلِجُ مِنْ عِنْدِهِمَا فَيُصْبِحُ بِمَكَّةَ كَبَائِتٍ ، ثُمَّ خَرَجَا مِنَ الْغَارِ فَأَخَذَا عَلَى السَّاحِلِ ، فَجَعَلَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ يَسِيرُ أَمَامَهُ ، فَإِذَا خَشِيَ أَنْ يُؤْتَى مِنْ خَلْفِهِ سَارَ خَلْفَهُ ، فَلَمْ يَزَلْ كَذَلِكَ مَسِيرَهُ ، وَكَانَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ رَجُلًا مَعْرُوفًا فِي النَّاسِ ، فَإِذَا لَقِيَهُ لَاقٍ ، فَيَقُولُ لِأَبِي بَكْرٍ : مَنْ هَذَا مَعَكَ ؟ فَيَقُولُ : هَادٍ يَهْدِينِي ، يُرِيدُ الْهُدَى فِي الدِّينِ ، وَيَحْسَبُ الْآخَرُ دَلِيلًا حَتَّى إِذَا كَانَ بِأَبْيَاتِ قُدَيْدٍ وَكَانَ عَلَى طَرِيقِهِمَا [ عَلَى السَّاحِلِ ] جَاءَ إِنْسَانٌ إِلَى [ مَجْلِسِ ] بَنِي مُدْلِجٍ ، فَقَالَ : قَدْ رَأَيْتُ رَاكِبَيْنِ نَحْوَ السَّاحِلِ ، فَإِنِّي لَأَجِدُهُمَا لَصَاحِبَ قُرَيْشٍ الَّذِي تَبْغُونَ ، فَقَالَ سُرَاقَةُ بْنُ مَالِكٍ : ذَانِكَ رَاكِبَيْنِ مِمَّنْ بَعَثْنَا فِي طَلَبِةِ الْقَوْمَ ، ثُمَّ دَعَا جَارِيَتَهُ فَسَارَّهَا ، فَأَمَرَهَا أَنْ تَخْرُجَ بِفَرَسِهِ وَتَحُطَّ رُمْحَهُ وَلَا تَنْصِبَهُ حَتَّى يَأْتَيَهُ فِي قَرَارَهِ بِمَوْضِعِ كَذَا وَكَذَا ، ثُمَّ يَجِيئَهَا ، فَرَكَبَ فَرَسَهُ ، ثُمَّ خَرَجَ فِي آثَارِهِمَا ، قَالَ سُرَاقَةُ : فَدَنَوْتُ مِنْهُمَا حَتَّى إِنِّي لَأَسْمَعُ قِرَاءَةَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - ثُمَّ رَكَضَتِ الْفَرَسُ فَوَقَعَتْ بِمِنْخَرَيْهَا ، فَأَخْرَجْتُ قِدَاحِي مِنْ كِنَانَتِي ، فَضَرَبْتُ بِهَا أَضُرُّهُ أَمْ لَا أَضُرُّهُ ؟ فَخَرَجَ لَا تَضُرُّهُ ، فَأَبَتْ نَفْسِي حَتَّى إِذَا كُنْتُ مِنْهُ بِمِثْلِ ذَلِكَ الْمَوْضِعِ خَشْيَةَ أَنْ يُصِيبَنِي مِثْلُ مَا أَصَابَنِي نَادَيْتُهُ ، فَقُلْتُ : إِنِّي أَرَى سَيَكُونُ لَكَ شَأْنٌ ، فَقِفْ أُكَلِّمُكَ . فَوَقَفَ النَّبِيُّ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - فَسَأَلَهُ أَنْ يَكْتُبَ لَهُ أَمَانًا ، فَأَمَرَ أَنْ يَكْتُبَ فَكَتَبَ لَهُ ، قَالَ سُرَاقَةُ : فَلَمَّا كَانَ يَوْمُ حُنَيْنٍ ، وَأَخْرَجْتُهُ وَنَادَيْتُ : أَنَا سُرَاقَةُ ، فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - : " يَوْمُ وَفَاءٍ " ، قَالَ سُرَاقَةُ : فَمَا شُبِّهَتْ سَاقُهُ فِي غَرْزِهِ إِلَّا بِجِمَارٍ . فَذَكَرْتُ شَيْئًا أَسْأَلُهُ عَنْهُ فَقُلْتُ : يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ، إِنِّي رَجُلٌ ذَا نَعَمٍ ، وَإِنَّ الْحِيَاضَ تُمْلَأُ مِنَ الْمَاءِ ، فَنَشْرَبُ فَيَفْضُلُ مِنَ الْمَاءِ فِي الْحِيَاضِ ، فَيَرِدُ الْهَمَلُ ، فَهَلْ لِي فِي ذَلِكَ مِنْ أَجْرٍ ؟ فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - : " نَعَمْ ، فِي كُلِّ كَبِدٍ حَرَّى أَجْرٌ " .
قُلْتُ : رَوَى أَبُو دَاوُدَ طَرَفًا مِنْ آخِرِهِ عَنْ سُرَاقَةَ . رَوَاهُ الطَّبَرَانِيُّ ، وَفِيهِ يَعْقُوبُ بْنُ حُمَيْدِ بْنِ كَاسِبٍ وَثَّقَهُ ابْنُ حِبَّانَ ، وَغَيْرُهُ ، وَضَعَّفَهُ أَبُو حَاتِمٍ ، وَغَيْرُهُ ، وَبَقِيَّةُ رِجَالِهِ رِجَالُ الصَّحِيحِ .
قُلْتُ : رَوَى أَبُو دَاوُدَ طَرَفًا مِنْ آخِرِهِ عَنْ سُرَاقَةَ . رَوَاهُ الطَّبَرَانِيُّ ، وَفِيهِ يَعْقُوبُ بْنُ حُمَيْدِ بْنِ كَاسِبٍ وَثَّقَهُ ابْنُ حِبَّانَ ، وَغَيْرُهُ ، وَضَعَّفَهُ أَبُو حَاتِمٍ ، وَغَيْرُهُ ، وَبَقِيَّةُ رِجَالِهِ رِجَالُ الصَّحِيحِ .
Sayyidah Asma bint Abi Bakr (may Allah be pleased with her) narrates: The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) used to come to our house in Makkah twice every day. When that day came (on which he was to set out for the emigration), he came to our house at midday. Sayyidah Asma (may Allah be pleased with her) said: "The Messenger of Allah has come." Sayyiduna Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) said: "May my father and mother be sacrificed for him! He must have come at this time only because of some important matter." The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Do you know that Allah Almighty has given me permission to leave?" Sayyiduna Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) said: "O Messenger of Allah! Shall I come along too?" The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "You will come along too." Sayyiduna Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) said: "O Messenger of Allah! I have two she-camels which I have been feeding for such-and-such a period in anticipation of this day; take one of them." The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "It will be in exchange for its price." He said: "May my father and mother be sacrificed for you! Take it for its price, if you wish." Sayyidah Asma (may Allah be pleased with her) says: I prepared the travel provisions for them, and I cut my waistband and tied (the provisions) with part of it. Then these two set out and stayed in the cave on Mount Thawr. When they reached that cave, Sayyiduna Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) entered the cave before the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), and he put his finger into every hole in the cave to check it, fearing that some harmful creature might come out of it. When Quraysh found the two of them missing, they went out in search of them and fixed a reward of one hundred she-camels for the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him). They went out and kept circling the various mountains of Makkah until they reached the mountain in which these two were present. Sayyiduna Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) saw a man coming towards the cave and said: "O Messenger of Allah! He will see us." The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Certainly not! The angels have concealed us with their wings." Then that man sat down and began urinating facing the cave. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "If he could see us, he would not do this." They stayed there for three days. Amir bin Fuhayrah, the slave of Sayyiduna Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him), would take the goats of Sayyiduna Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) to them in the evening and stay the night with them; then the next morning he would come to the pasture with the other shepherds. He would walk with them but walk slowly, until when the night became very dark, he would bring his goats to the two of them. The shepherds thought that he was with them. Likewise, Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Abi Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) would stay in Makkah and keep gathering news; then when the night became dark, he would come to them and inform them about it. Then he would stay the night with them, and the next day in the morning he would be present in Makkah, as though he had spent the night there. Then these two gentlemen came out of the cave and set off on the coastal route. Sayyiduna Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) would sometimes walk in front of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), and when he feared that someone might come from behind, he would start walking behind him. They continued travelling in this way. Sayyiduna Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) was a person well known among the people (that is, people recognized him). When someone met Sayyiduna Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him), he would say to Sayyiduna Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him): "Who is this with you?" He would reply: "This is a guide who guides me" (that is, one who shows the way, who shows me the way). Sayyiduna Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) meant guidance in religion, while the other person thought that perhaps a guide who shows the route was meant. When they were near the settlement of Qudayd and were on the coastal route, a man came to the gathering of Banu Mudlij and said: "I have seen two riders going towards the coast, and I think that this is the very person you are searching for." Suraqah bin Malik said: "Those are two riders whom we have sent in search of those people." Then he called his slave-girl and instructed her in a low voice to take his horse and his spear out and reach such-and-such a place. Then he came to that slave-girl, mounted the horse and set out in search of the two of them. Suraqah says: I reached the two of them, until I heard the voice of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) reciting; then my horse stumbled and fell on its nostrils. I took an arrow out of my quiver and cast lots with it to see whether I would be able to harm them or not. The result came out: "You will not be able to harm them." But I did not accept this, until when I again came that close to them and feared that the same situation as before would befall me again, I called out to them and said: "I think that your glory will soon become manifest. Stop, so that I may talk with you." The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) stopped. Suraqah requested the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) to have a document of safe conduct written for him. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) ordered it to be written, and it was written for him. Sayyiduna Suraqah (may Allah be pleased with him) says: When the occasion of the Battle of Hunayn came, I took out that document and said in a loud voice: "I am Suraqah." The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Today is a day of fulfilling the pledge." Sayyiduna Suraqah (may Allah be pleased with him) says: His shin in the stirrup looked like the jummar (the white pith of a date palm). Then I remembered something I wanted to ask him about. I said: "O Messenger of Allah! I am a man who owns livestock. The troughs are filled with water; we take water, yet water still remains in the troughs. Then some stray (animal or bird) comes; will I receive a reward for that?" The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Yes! There is a reward for benefiting every living creature." (Allamah al-Haythami says:) I say: Abu Dawud recorded the last part of this narration from Sayyiduna Suraqah (may Allah be pleased with him).
Al-Tabarani recorded it; its chain contains a narrator, Ya'qub bin Humayd bin Kasib, whom Ibn Hibban and others declared thiqah (trustworthy), while Abu Hatim and others declared him da'if (weak); the rest of its narrators are the narrators of the Sahih.
Al-Tabarani recorded it; its chain contains a narrator, Ya'qub bin Humayd bin Kasib, whom Ibn Hibban and others declared thiqah (trustworthy), while Abu Hatim and others declared him da'if (weak); the rest of its narrators are the narrators of the Sahih.
وَعَنْ أَبِي بَكْرٍ الصِّدِّيقِ قَالَ : جَاءَ رَجُلٌ مِنَ الْمُشْرِكِينَ حَتَّى اسْتَقْبَلَ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - بِعَوْرَتِهِ يَبُولُ ، قُلْتُ : يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ، أَلَيْسَ الرَّجُلُ يَرَانَا ؟ قَالَ : " لَوْ رَآنَا لَمْ يَسْتَقْبِلْنَا بِعَوْرَتِهِ " . يَعْنِي وَهُوَ بِالْغَارِ . رَوَاهُ أَبُو يَعْلَى ، وَفِيهِ مُوسَى بْنُ مُطَيْرٍ ، وَهُوَ مَتْرُوكٌ .
Sayyiduna Abu Bakr al-Siddiq (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates: A man from among the polytheists came, turned towards the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), exposed his private parts and began to urinate. I said: "O Messenger of Allah, is this man not seeing us?" The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Had this man been seeing us, he would not have turned towards us with his private parts exposed." The narrator says: That is, this happened at the time when the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) was in the cave.
Abu Ya'la recorded it; its chain contains a narrator, Musa bin Mutayr, who is matruk (abandoned).
Abu Ya'la recorded it; its chain contains a narrator, Musa bin Mutayr, who is matruk (abandoned).
وَعَنْ جَابِرٍ قَالَ : لَمَّا خَرَجَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - وَأَبُو بَكْرٍ مُهَاجِرَيْنِ ، فَدَخَلَا فِي الْغَارِ فِإِذَا فِي الْغَارِ جُحْرٍ فَأَلْقَمَهُ أَبُو بَكْرٍ عَقِبَهُ حَتَّى أَصْبَحَ مَخَافَةَ أَنْ يَخْرُجَ عَلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - مِنْهُ شَيْءٌ ، فَأَقَامَا فِي الْغَارِ ثَلَاثَ لَيَالٍ ثُمَّ خَرَجَا حَتَّى نَزَلَا بِخَيْمَاتِ أُمِّ مَعْبَدٍ ، فَأَرْسَلَتْ إِلَيْهِ أُمُّ مَعْبَدٍ إِنِّي أَرَى وُجُوهًا حِسَانًا ، وَإِنَّ الْحَيَّ أَقْوَى عَلَى كَرَامَتِكُمْ مِنِّي ، فَلَمَّا أَمْسَوْا عِنْدَهَا بَعَثَتْ مَعَ ابْنٍ لَهَا صَغِيرٍ بِشَفْرَةٍ وُشَاةٍ ، فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - : " ارْدُدِ الشَّفْرَةَ وَهَاتِ لِي فَرَقًا " - يَعْنِي الْقَدَحَ - فَأَرْسَلَتْ إِلَيْهِ أَنْ لَا لَبَنَ فِيهَا وَلَا وَلَدَ قَالَ : " هَاتِ لِي فَرَقًا " . فَجَاءَتْهُ بِفَرَقٍ فَضَرَبَ ظَهْرَهَا فَاجْتَرَّتْ وَدَرَّتْ ، فَحَلَبَ فَمَلَأَ الْقَدَحَ فَشَرِبَ وَسَقَى أَبَا بَكْرٍ ، فَبَعَثَ بِهِ إِلَى أُمِّ مَعْبَدٍ . رَوَاهُ الْبَزَّارُ ، وَفِيهِ مَنْ لَمْ أَعْرِفْهُ .
Sayyiduna Jabir (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates: When Sayyiduna Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) and the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) set out to emigrate, the two of them went into the cave. In the cave there was a hole, and Sayyiduna Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) kept his heel over its opening until morning, fearing that something might come out of it and (harm) the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him). The two of them stayed in the cave for three days, then they left and halted at the tents of Umm Ma'bad. Umm Ma'bad sent word to him: "I see handsome faces, and the people of the tribe are better able to host you than I am." When they spent the evening with Umm Ma'bad, she sent a knife and a goat with a young son of hers. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Send the knife back and bring me a bowl!" Umm Ma'bad sent word that this goat has neither milk nor any young. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Bring me a bowl!" So she brought a bowl. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) passed his hand over the goat's back, and it spread its legs and began to give milk. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) milked it and filled the bowl. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) drank himself, gave Sayyiduna Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) to drink, and also sent the milk to Umm Ma'bad.
Al-Bazzar recorded it; its chain contains a narrator whom I do not know.
Al-Bazzar recorded it; its chain contains a narrator whom I do not know.
وَعَنْ أَوْسِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ حُجْرٍ الْأَسْلَمِيِّ قَالَ : مَرَّ بِي رَسُولُ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - وَمَعَهُ أَبُو بَكْرٍ بِحِذْوَاتٍ بَيْنَ الْجُحْفَةِ وَهَرْشَا وَهُمَا عَلَى جَمَلٍ وَاحِدٍ ، وَهُمَا مُتَوَجِّهَانِ إِلَى الْمَدِينَةِ ، فَحَمَلَهُمَا عَلَى فَحْلِ إِبِلِهِ ابْنُ الرِّدَاءِ ، فَبَعَثَ مَعَهُمَا غُلَامًا لَهُ يُقَالُ لَهُ : مَسْعُودٌ ، فَقَالَ : اسْلُكْ بِهِمَا حَيْثُ تَعْلَمُ مِنْ مَحَارِمِ الطَّرِيقِ ، وَلَا تُفَارِقْهُمَا حَتَّى يَقْضِيَا حَاجَتَهُمَا مِنْكَ وَمِنْ جَمَلِكَ ، فَسَلَكَ بِهِمَا ثَنِيَّةَ الزَّمْحَا ، ثُمَّ سَلَكَ بِهِمَا ثَنِيَّةَ الْكُويَةِ ، ثُمَّ سَلَكَ بِهِمَا الْمُرَّةَ ، ثُمَّ أَقْبَلَ بِهِمَا مِنْ شُعْبَةٍ ذَاتِ كَشْطٍ ، ثُمَّ سَلَكَ بِهِمَا الْمُدْلَجَةَ ، ثُمَّ سَلَكَ بِهِمَا الْغَسَّانَةَ ، ثُمَّ سَلَكَ ثَنِيَّةَ الْمُرَّةَ ، ثُمَّ أَدْخَلَهُمَا الْمَدِينَةَ ، وَقَدْ قَضَيَا حَاجَتَهُمَا مِنْهُ وَمِنْ حَمْلِهِ ، ثُمَّ رَجَّعَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - مَسْعُودًا إِلَى سَيِّدِهِ أَوْسِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ، وَكَانَ مُغَفَّلًا لَا يَسِمِ الْإِبِلَ ، فَأَمَرَهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - أَنْ يَأْمُرَ أَوْسًا أَنْ يَسِمَهَا فِي أَعْنَاقِهَا قَيْدَ الْفَرَسِ .
قَالَ صَخْرُ بْنُ مَالِكٍ : وَهُوَ وَاللَّهِ يَسِمُهَا الْيَوْمَ ، وَقَيَّدَ الْفَرَسَ فِيمَا أَرَى حَلَقَ حَلَقَتَيْنِ ، وَمَدَّ بَيْنَهُمَا مَدًّا . رَوَاهُ الطَّبَرَانِيُّ ، وَفِيهِ جَمَاعَةٌ لَمْ أَعْرِفْهُمْ .
قَالَ صَخْرُ بْنُ مَالِكٍ : وَهُوَ وَاللَّهِ يَسِمُهَا الْيَوْمَ ، وَقَيَّدَ الْفَرَسَ فِيمَا أَرَى حَلَقَ حَلَقَتَيْنِ ، وَمَدَّ بَيْنَهُمَا مَدًّا . رَوَاهُ الطَّبَرَانِيُّ ، وَفِيهِ جَمَاعَةٌ لَمْ أَعْرِفْهُمْ .
Sayyiduna Aws bin Abdullah bin Hujr al-Aslami (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates: Between "al-Juhfah" and "Harsha", the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) and Sayyiduna Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him), the two of them, passed by me. The two of them were riding a camel, and they were heading towards Madinah. So Sayyiduna Aws bin Abdullah (may Allah be pleased with him) gave them his camel, sent his slave Mas'ud along with the two of them, and said: "Take the two of them by the safe route, and do not part from them for as long as they need you and your camel." So the slave took the two of them by way of the mountain pass of "al-Zamha", then he came to the pass of "al-Kuwayyah", then he came to the pass of "al-Murrah", then he came to "Dhat Kasht", then he went to "al-Mudlijah", then he went to "al-Ghassanah", then he went by the pass of "al-Murrah" and brought the two of them to Madinah. They no longer needed him or his camel, so the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) sent Mas'ud back to his master, Aws bin Abdullah. That man used not to brand his camels, so the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) instructed the slave to tell Aws to put a brand on the camels' necks the size of a horse's hobble. Sakhr bin Malik says: By Allah, they still brand them with it today, and to my knowledge, the horse's hobble means that two rings are made and something is drawn between them.
Al-Tabarani recorded it; its chain contains a group of narrators whom I do not know.
Al-Tabarani recorded it; its chain contains a group of narrators whom I do not know.
وَعَنْ بُرَيْدَةَ الْأَسْلَمِيِّ قَالَ : لَمَّا أَقْبَلَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - فِي مُهَاجَرِهِ ، لَقِيَ رَكْبًا فَقَالَ : " يَا أَبَا بَكْرٍ ، سَلِ الْقَوْمَ مِمَّنْ هُمْ ؟ " . قَالُوا : مِنْ أَسْلَمَ . قَالَ : " سَلِمْتَ يَا أَبَا بَكْرٍ ، سَلْهُمْ مِنْ أَيِّ أَسْلَمَ ؟ " . قَالُوا : مِنْ بَنِي سَهْمٍ قَالَ : " ارْمِ سَهْمَكَ يَا أَبَا بَكْرٍ " . رَوَاهُ الْبَزَّارُ ، وَفِيهِ عَبْدُ الْعَزِيزِ بْنُ عِمْرَانَ الزُّهْرِيُّ ، وَهُوَ مَتْرُوكٌ .
Sayyiduna Buraydah al-Aslami (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates: When the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) was travelling during the emigration, he met some riders. He said: "O Abu Bakr, ask these people which tribe they belong to." They said: "To the tribe of Aslam." The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Abu Bakr, you will remain safe. Ask them which branch of the Aslam tribe they are from." They replied: "From Banu Sahm." The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "O Abu Bakr, shoot your arrow."
Al-Bazzar recorded it; its chain contains a narrator, Abd al-Aziz bin Imran al-Zuhri, who is matruk (abandoned).
Al-Bazzar recorded it; its chain contains a narrator, Abd al-Aziz bin Imran al-Zuhri, who is matruk (abandoned).
وَعَنْ حُبَيْشِ بْنِ خَالِدٍ صَاحِبِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - حِينَ خَرَجَ مِنْ مَكَّةَ مُهَاجِرًا إِلَى الْمَدِينَةِ هُوَ وَأَبُو بَكْرٍ ، وَمَوْلَى أَبِي بَكْرٍ عَامِرُ بْنُ فُهَيْرَةَ ، وَدَلِيلُهُمَا اللِّيثِيُّ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ الْأُرَيْقِطِ ، مَرُّوا عَلَى خَيْمَتَيْ أُمِّ مَعْبَدٍ الْخُزَاعِيَّةِ وَكَانَتِ امْرَأَةً بَرْزَةً جَلْدَةً ، تَحْتَبِي بِفَنَاءِ الْقُبَّةِ ، وَتُسْقِي وَتُطْعِمُ ، فَسَأَلُوهَا لَحْمًا وَتَمْرًا لِيَشْتَرُوهُ مِنْهَا ، فَلَمْ يُصِيبُوا عِنْدَهَا شَيْئًا مِنْ ذَلِكَ وَكَانَ الْقَوْمُ مُرْمَلِينَ مُسْنَتِينَ ، فَنَظَرَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - إِلَى شَاةٍ فِي كَسْرِ الْخَيْمَةِ ، فَقَالَ : " مَا هَذِهِ الشَّاةُ يَا أُمَّ مَعْبَدٍ ؟ " . قَالَتْ : خَلَّفَهَا الْجُهْدُ عَنِ الْغَنَمِ قَالَ : " فَهَلْ بِهَا مِنْ لَبَنٍ ؟ " . قَالَتْ : هِيَ أَجْهَدُ مِنْ ذَلِكَ قَالَ : " أَتَأْذَنِينَ أَنْ أَحْلِبَهَا ؟ " . قَالَتْ : بِأَبِي أَنْتَ وَأُمِّي ، نَعَمْ ، إِنْ رَأَيْتَ بِهَا حَلْبًا فَاحْلِبْهَا ، فَدَعَا بِهَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - فَمَسَحَ بِيَدِهِ ضَرْعَهَا وَسَمَّى اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ ، وَدَعَا اللَّهَ فِي شَأْنِهَا ، فَتَفَاجَّتْ عَلَيْهِ ، وَدَرَّتْ وَاجْتَرَّتْ ، وَدَعَا بِإِنَاءٍ يَرْبِضُ الرَّهْطَ ، فَحَلَبَ فِيهِ ثَجًّا حَتَّى عَلَاهُ الْبَهَاءُ ، ثُمَّ سَقَاهَا حَتَّى رَوِيَتْ ، وَسَقَى أَصْحَابَهُ حَتَّى رُوُوا ، وَشَرِبَ آخِرُهُمْ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - ثُمَّ أَرَاضُوا ، ثُمَّ حَلَبَ فِيهَا ثَانِيًا بَعْدَ مَدَى حَتَّى مَلَأَ الْإِنَاءَ ، ثُمَّ غَادَرَهُ عِنْدَهَا ، ثُمَّ بَايَعَهَا وَارْتَحَلُوا عَنْهَا ، فَقَلَّمَا لَبِثَتْ أَنْ جَاءَ زَوْجُهَا أَبُو مَعْبَدٍ يَسُوقُ أَعْنُزًا عِجَافًا يَتَسَاوَكْنَ هُزَالًا ، مُخُّهُنَّ قَلِيلٌ ، فَلَمَّا رَأَى أَبُو مَعْبَدٍ اللَّبَنَ عَجِبَ ، وَقَالَ : مِنْ أَيْنَ هَذَا اللَّبَنُ يَا أُمَّ مَعْبَدٍ ، وَالشَّاةُ عَازِبٌ حِيَالٌ ، وَلَا حَلُوبَةَ فِي الْبَيْتِ ؟ قَالَتْ : لَا وَاللَّهِ إِلَّا أَنَّهُ مَرَّ بِنَا رَجُلٌ مُبَارَكٌ مِنْ حَالِهِ كَذَا وَكَذَا قَالَ : صِفِيهِ لِي يَا أُمَّ مَعْبَدٍ . قَالَتْ : رَأَيْتُ رَجُلًا ظَاهِرَ الْوَضَاءَةِ ، أَبْلَجَ الْوَجْهِ ، حَسَنَ الْخُلُقِ لَمْ تُعِبْهُ ثَجْلَةٌ ، وَلَمْ تَزْرِ بِهِ صَعْلَةٌ ، وَسِيمٌ قَسِيمٌ فِي عَيْنَيْهِ دَعَجٌ ، وَفِي أَشْفَارِهِ وَطَفٌ ، وَفِي صَوْتِهِ صَهَلٌ ، وَفِي عُنُقِهِ سَطَعٌ ، وَفِي لِحْيَتِهِ كَثَافَةٌ ، أَزَجُّ أَقْرَنُ ، إِنْ صَمَتَ فَعَلَيْهِ الْوَقَارُ ، وَإِنْ تَكَلَّمَ سَمَا وَعَلَاهُ الْبَهَاءُ ، أَجْمَلُ النَّاسِ ، وَأَبْهَى مِنْ بَعِيدٍ ، وَأَحْلَاهُ وَأَحْسَنُهُ مِنْ قَرِيبٍ ، حُلْوُ الْمَنْطِقِ فَصْلٌ لَا هَذْرَ وَلَا نَزْرَ ، كَأَنَّ مَنْطِقَهُ خَرَزَاتُ نَظْمٍ يَنْحَدِرْنَ رَبْعٌ ، لَا يَيْأَسُ مِنْ طُولٍ ، وَلَا تَقْتَحِمُهُ عَيْنٌ مِنْ قِصَرٍ ، غُصْنٌ بَيْنَ غُصْنَيْنِ ، فَهُوَ أَنْظَرُ الثَّلَاثَةِ مَنْظَرًا ، وَأَحْسَنُهُمْ قَدْرًا ، لَهُ رُفَقَاءُ يَحْفَوْنَ بِهِ ، إِنْ قَالَ أَنْصَتُوا لِقَوْلِهِ ، وَإِنْ أَمَرَ تَبَادَرُوا أَمْرَهُ ، مَحْقُودٌ مَحْسُودٌ لَا عَابِسٌ وَلَا مُفْنِدٌ .
قَالَ أَبُو مَعْبَدٍ : هُوَ وَاللَّهِ صَاحِبُ قُرَيْشٍ الَّذِي ذُكِرَ لَنَا مِنْ أَمْرِهِ مَا ذُكِرَ بِمَكَّةَ ، وَلَقَدْ هَمَمْتُ أَنْ أَصْحَبَهُ وَلَأَفْعَلَنَّ إِنْ وَجَدْتُ إِلَى ذَلِكَ سَبِيلًا ، وَأَصْبَحَ صَوْتٌ بِمَكَّةَ عَالِيًا يَسْمَعُونَ الصَّوْتَ وَلَا يَدْرُونَ مَنْ صَاحِبُهُ ، وَهُوَ يَقُولُ :
جَزَى اللَّهُ رَبُّ النَّاسِ خَيْرَ جَزَائِهِ رَفِيقَيْنِ قَلَا خَيْمَتَيْ أُمِّ مَعْبَدِ . هُمَا نَزَلَاهَا بِالْهُدَى وَاهْتَدَتْ بِهِ
لَقَدْ فَازَ مَنْ أَمْسَى رَفِيقَ مُحَمَّدِ فَيَا لِقَصِيٍّ مَا زَوَى اللَّهُ عَنْكُمُ
بِهِ مِنْ فِعَالٍ لَا تُجَارَى وَسُؤْدَدِ لِيَهْنَ بَنِي كَعْبٍ مَكَانَ فَتَاتِهِمْ وَمَقْعَدُهَا لِلْمُؤْمِنِينَ بِمَرْصَدِ
سَلُوا أُخْتَكُمْ عَنْ شَاتِهَا وَإِنَائِهَا فَإِنَّكُمْ إِنْ تَسْأَلُوا الشَّاةَ تَشْهَدِ
دَعَاهَا بِشَاةٍ حَائِلٍ فَتَحَلَّبَتْ عَلَيْهِ صَرِيحًا ضَرَّةُ الشَّاةِ مُزْبَدِ فَغَادَرَهَا رَهْنًا لَدَيْهَا لِحَالِبٍ يُرَدِّدُهَا فِي مَصْدَرٍ ثُمَّ مَوْرِدِ
فَلَمَّا أَنْ سَمِعَ حَسَّانُ بْنُ ثَابِتٍ بِذَلِكَ شَبَّ يُجِيبُ الْهَاتِفَ ، وَهُوَ يَقُولُ .
لَقَدْ خَابَ قَوْمٌ زَالَ عَنْهُمْ نَبِيُّهُمْ وَقَدَّسَ مَنْ يَسْرِي إِلَيْهِمْ وِيَغْتَدِي
تَرَحَّلَ عَنْ قَوْمٍ فَضَّلَتْ عُقُولُهُمْ وَحَلَّ عَلَى قَوْمٍ بِنُورٍ مُجَدِّدِ
هُدَاهُمْ بِهِ بَعْدَ الضَّلَالَةِ رَبُّهُمْ وَأَرْشَدَهُمْ مَنْ يَبْتَغِي الْحَقَّ يَرْشُدِ
وَهَلْ يَسْتَوِي ضُلَّالُ قَوْمٍ تَسَفَّهُوا عَمَايَتُهُمْ هَادٍ بِهِ كُلَّ مُهْتَدِ ؟
وَقَدْ نَزَلَتْ مِنْهُ عَلَى أَهْلِ يَثْرِبَ رِكَابُ هُدًى حَلَّتْ عَلَيْهِمْ بِأَسْعَدِ
نَبِيٌّ يَرَى مَا لَا يَرَى النَّاسُ حَوْلَهُ وَيَتْلُو كِتَابَ اللَّهِ فِي كُلِّ مَسْجِدِ
وَإِنْ قَالَ فِي يَوْمٍ مَقَالَةَ غَائِبٍ فَتَصْدِيقُهَا فِي الْيَوْمِ أَوْ فِي ضُحَى الْغَدِ
لِيَهْنَ أَبَا بَكْرٍ سَعَادَةُ جَدِّهِ بِصُحْبَتِهِ مَنْ يُسْعِدِ اللَّهُ يَسْعَدِ
لِيَهْنَ بَنِي كَعْبٍ مَكَانَ فَتَاتِهِمْ وَمَقْعَدُهَا لِلْمُؤْمِنِينَ بِمَرْصَدِ
وَقَالَ لَنَا مُجَاهِدٌ عَنْ مُكْرَمٍ : فِي أَشْفَارِهِ وَطَفٌ ، وَهُوَ الطُّولُ . وَالصَّوَابُ : صَحَلٌ ، وَهِيَ الْبَحَّةُ . وَقَالَ لَنَا مُكْرَمٌ : لَا يَأَسَ مِنْ طُولٍ ، وَالصَّوَابُ : لَا يَتَشَنَّى مِنْ طُولٍ .
وَقَالَ لَنَا عَنْ مَكْرُمٍ : لَا عَايِسٌ وَلَا مُفْنِدٍ يَعْنِي : لَا عَابِسٌ ، وَلَا مُكَذِّبٌ . رَوَاهُ الطَّبَرَانِيُّ ، وَفِي إِسْنَادِهِ جَمَاعَةٌ لَمْ أَعْرِفْهُمْ .
وَقَدْ وَرَدَ حَدِيثُ أُمِّ مَعْبَدٍ مِنْ طَرِيقِ سُلَيْطٍ ذَكَرْتُهُ فِي عَلَامَاتِ النُّبُوَّةِ فِي صِفَتِهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - .
قَالَ أَبُو مَعْبَدٍ : هُوَ وَاللَّهِ صَاحِبُ قُرَيْشٍ الَّذِي ذُكِرَ لَنَا مِنْ أَمْرِهِ مَا ذُكِرَ بِمَكَّةَ ، وَلَقَدْ هَمَمْتُ أَنْ أَصْحَبَهُ وَلَأَفْعَلَنَّ إِنْ وَجَدْتُ إِلَى ذَلِكَ سَبِيلًا ، وَأَصْبَحَ صَوْتٌ بِمَكَّةَ عَالِيًا يَسْمَعُونَ الصَّوْتَ وَلَا يَدْرُونَ مَنْ صَاحِبُهُ ، وَهُوَ يَقُولُ :
جَزَى اللَّهُ رَبُّ النَّاسِ خَيْرَ جَزَائِهِ رَفِيقَيْنِ قَلَا خَيْمَتَيْ أُمِّ مَعْبَدِ . هُمَا نَزَلَاهَا بِالْهُدَى وَاهْتَدَتْ بِهِ
لَقَدْ فَازَ مَنْ أَمْسَى رَفِيقَ مُحَمَّدِ فَيَا لِقَصِيٍّ مَا زَوَى اللَّهُ عَنْكُمُ
بِهِ مِنْ فِعَالٍ لَا تُجَارَى وَسُؤْدَدِ لِيَهْنَ بَنِي كَعْبٍ مَكَانَ فَتَاتِهِمْ وَمَقْعَدُهَا لِلْمُؤْمِنِينَ بِمَرْصَدِ
سَلُوا أُخْتَكُمْ عَنْ شَاتِهَا وَإِنَائِهَا فَإِنَّكُمْ إِنْ تَسْأَلُوا الشَّاةَ تَشْهَدِ
دَعَاهَا بِشَاةٍ حَائِلٍ فَتَحَلَّبَتْ عَلَيْهِ صَرِيحًا ضَرَّةُ الشَّاةِ مُزْبَدِ فَغَادَرَهَا رَهْنًا لَدَيْهَا لِحَالِبٍ يُرَدِّدُهَا فِي مَصْدَرٍ ثُمَّ مَوْرِدِ
فَلَمَّا أَنْ سَمِعَ حَسَّانُ بْنُ ثَابِتٍ بِذَلِكَ شَبَّ يُجِيبُ الْهَاتِفَ ، وَهُوَ يَقُولُ .
لَقَدْ خَابَ قَوْمٌ زَالَ عَنْهُمْ نَبِيُّهُمْ وَقَدَّسَ مَنْ يَسْرِي إِلَيْهِمْ وِيَغْتَدِي
تَرَحَّلَ عَنْ قَوْمٍ فَضَّلَتْ عُقُولُهُمْ وَحَلَّ عَلَى قَوْمٍ بِنُورٍ مُجَدِّدِ
هُدَاهُمْ بِهِ بَعْدَ الضَّلَالَةِ رَبُّهُمْ وَأَرْشَدَهُمْ مَنْ يَبْتَغِي الْحَقَّ يَرْشُدِ
وَهَلْ يَسْتَوِي ضُلَّالُ قَوْمٍ تَسَفَّهُوا عَمَايَتُهُمْ هَادٍ بِهِ كُلَّ مُهْتَدِ ؟
وَقَدْ نَزَلَتْ مِنْهُ عَلَى أَهْلِ يَثْرِبَ رِكَابُ هُدًى حَلَّتْ عَلَيْهِمْ بِأَسْعَدِ
نَبِيٌّ يَرَى مَا لَا يَرَى النَّاسُ حَوْلَهُ وَيَتْلُو كِتَابَ اللَّهِ فِي كُلِّ مَسْجِدِ
وَإِنْ قَالَ فِي يَوْمٍ مَقَالَةَ غَائِبٍ فَتَصْدِيقُهَا فِي الْيَوْمِ أَوْ فِي ضُحَى الْغَدِ
لِيَهْنَ أَبَا بَكْرٍ سَعَادَةُ جَدِّهِ بِصُحْبَتِهِ مَنْ يُسْعِدِ اللَّهُ يَسْعَدِ
لِيَهْنَ بَنِي كَعْبٍ مَكَانَ فَتَاتِهِمْ وَمَقْعَدُهَا لِلْمُؤْمِنِينَ بِمَرْصَدِ
وَقَالَ لَنَا مُجَاهِدٌ عَنْ مُكْرَمٍ : فِي أَشْفَارِهِ وَطَفٌ ، وَهُوَ الطُّولُ . وَالصَّوَابُ : صَحَلٌ ، وَهِيَ الْبَحَّةُ . وَقَالَ لَنَا مُكْرَمٌ : لَا يَأَسَ مِنْ طُولٍ ، وَالصَّوَابُ : لَا يَتَشَنَّى مِنْ طُولٍ .
وَقَالَ لَنَا عَنْ مَكْرُمٍ : لَا عَايِسٌ وَلَا مُفْنِدٍ يَعْنِي : لَا عَابِسٌ ، وَلَا مُكَذِّبٌ . رَوَاهُ الطَّبَرَانِيُّ ، وَفِي إِسْنَادِهِ جَمَاعَةٌ لَمْ أَعْرِفْهُمْ .
وَقَدْ وَرَدَ حَدِيثُ أُمِّ مَعْبَدٍ مِنْ طَرِيقِ سُلَيْطٍ ذَكَرْتُهُ فِي عَلَامَاتِ النُّبُوَّةِ فِي صِفَتِهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - .
Sayyiduna Hubaysh bin Khalid (may Allah be pleased with him), the Companion of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), narrates: The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) left Makkah to emigrate to Madinah. With him were Sayyiduna Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) and Sayyiduna Abu Bakr's freed slave Amir bin Fuhayrah, and the man guiding the two of them on the way was Abdullah bin al-Uraiqit of the Layth tribe. They passed by the two tents of Umm Ma'bad al-Khuza'iyyah. She was a woman of strong, sturdy build who stayed in her tent; she gave travellers water and food. They asked Umm Ma'bad about buying meat and dates, but she did not have these things, because those people were stricken by drought. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) noticed a goat in the corner of the tent and asked: "O Umm Ma'bad, what is the matter with this goat?" She replied: "Hunger has left it behind the other goats." The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) asked: "Does it have any milk?" She said: "It is too weak for that." The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) asked: "Do you permit me to milk it?" She said: "May my father and mother be sacrificed for you, yes! If you find milk in it, then milk it." The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) called for the goat, passed his blessed hand over its udder, mentioned the name of Allah Almighty, and supplicated to Allah Almighty concerning the goat. It spread its legs and became ready to give milk. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) called for a vessel from which a large group could be given milk to drink. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) milked into it until it was full. Then the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) gave that milk to Umm Ma'bad to drink until she was satisfied, the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) gave his companions to drink until they were satisfied, and last of all the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) drank from it. Then he milked into the vessel a second time until it was full. He left that milk with the woman and departed; he had taken her pledge of allegiance and then departed from there. After a little while, her husband Abu Ma'bad came driving his weak goats, which were walking feebly, with little marrow in them. When Abu Ma'bad saw the milk, he was astonished and asked: "O Umm Ma'bad, where has this milk come from, when the goats are such that they cannot give milk, and besides there was no milk in the house?" She replied: "No, by Allah! A blessed man passed by us whose condition was such and such." Her husband said: "O Umm Ma'bad, describe his appearance to me!" Umm Ma'bad replied: "I saw a man with a radiant, shining face and a handsome appearance. Thinness did not mar him, nor was he afflicted with heaviness. He was comely and graceful; his eyes were black and the hair of his eyelashes was long; his voice was soft and his neck somewhat long; his beard was thick and his eyebrows long. When he was silent, he seemed dignified, and when he spoke, he seemed distinguished, and radiance overwhelmed him. Seen from afar he looked the most beautiful and radiant of people, and seen from near the sweetest and most handsome. His speech was sweet and clear, with no deficiency or idle talk in it; his speech was like falling pearls. He was of medium height, not lanky at all, nor would the eye (of the onlooker) consider him lesser because of shortness; he was of medium height. Of the three persons, he was the most handsome and the most esteemed. His companions were with him; if he said something, those companions listened silently to his words, and if he gave an order, the companions acted on it immediately. He was a man of eminent standing, mighty; he was not one who let his hair fall over his forehead, nor was he senile." Abu Ma'bad said: "By Allah, he seems to be that very man of Quraysh who has been mentioned to us and who was being talked about in Makkah. I have resolved to go to him, and if I get the chance to get there, I will certainly do so." (The narrator says:) Meanwhile, a loud voice was heard in Makkah; people heard the voice but could not see the one speaking. He was saying: "May Allah, the Lord of the people, give the best reward to the two (travelling) companions who halted at the tent of Umm Ma'bad. The two of them stayed with that woman bringing guidance, and that woman embraced guidance. Indeed, the one who accompanied Sayyiduna Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him) has succeeded. And it is a pity that Allah Almighty folded it away (or took it) from you, such that nothing else can replace it, and separated leadership from you. So Banu Ka'b should congratulate their (family's) woman, whose dwelling proved a refuge for the believers. (O Banu Ka'b!) Ask your sister about her goat and her vessel, and if you ask the goat, it too will bear witness to this. They had her bring a goat that was not fit to give milk, and then that goat gave as much milk as a sound, healthy goat gives. Then, when they departed from that woman's home, they also left milk with the woman for the one who milks (that is, the woman's husband), the one who takes those goats to the watering place and brings them back." When Sayyiduna Hassan bin Thabit (may Allah be pleased with him) heard these verses, he composed these verses in reply to the unseen caller: "That people has been disgraced from whom their Prophet departed, and that people has been purified to whom that Prophet went. That Prophet left one people, and that people's minds went astray, and the people to whom that Prophet went, light came to them. Their Lord guided those people through him and directed them aright; whoever follows the truth shows good sense. Can the misguided of a people, who adopted blindness and foolishness, be equal to those who are guided? That guidance left those people and halted among the people of Yathrib, and those people became the most fortunate. That Prophet sees what those around him do not see, and he recites the Book of Allah in every mosque. If he ever says something about something absent, its confirmation appears that same day, or the next day by the time the day has risen. Congratulations to Sayyiduna Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) on this good fortune, that he accompanied the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him); fortunate is only the one whom Allah Almighty grants good fortune. And congratulations to the sons of Ka'b on that woman's dwelling, whose home proved a refuge for the believers." The narrator states: Mujahid narrated this to us from Mukram: In "fi ashfarihi watafun", (the word "watafun") means being long. And the correct word is "sahalun", that is, a voice being hoarse. Mukram told us that the narration has the words "la ya'su min tulin", whereas the correct words are "la yatashanna min tulin". He told us from Mukram: "la 'ayisun wa la mufnidun" means "la 'abisun wa la mukadhdhibun" (neither frowning nor a liar).
Al-Tabarani recorded it, and its chain contains a group of narrators whom I do not know. The hadith narrated from Sayyidah Umm Ma'bad (may Allah be pleased with her) has also been narrated by way of Sulayt, which I have mentioned in the chapter on the signs of prophethood, in (the chapter on) his blessed appearance.
Al-Tabarani recorded it, and its chain contains a group of narrators whom I do not know. The hadith narrated from Sayyidah Umm Ma'bad (may Allah be pleased with her) has also been narrated by way of Sulayt, which I have mentioned in the chapter on the signs of prophethood, in (the chapter on) his blessed appearance.
وَعَنْ قَيْسِ بْنِ النُّعْمَانِ قَالَ : لَمَّا انْطَلَقَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - وَأَبُو بَكْرٍ مُسْتَخْفِيَانِ نَزَلَا بِأَبِي مَعْبَدٍ ، فَقَالَ : وَاللَّهِ مَا لَنَا شَاةٌ ، وَإِنَّ شَاءَنَا لِحَوَامِلُ فَمَا بَقِيَ لَنَا لَبَنٌ ، فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - - أَحْسَبُهُ - : " فَمَا تِلْكَ الشَّاةُ ؟ " . فَأَتَى بِهَا ، فَدَعَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - بِالْبَرَكَةِ عَلَيْهَا ثُمَّ حَلَبَ عُسًّا فَسَقَاهُ ثُمَّ شَرِبُوا ، فَقَالَ : أَنْتَ الَّذِي تَزْعُمُ قُرَيْشٌ أَنَّكَ صَابِئٌ ؟ قَالَ : " إِنَّهُمْ يَقُولُونَ " . قَالَ : أَشْهَدُ أَنَّ مَا جِئْتَ بِهِ حَقٌّ ، ثُمَّ قَالَ : أَتَّبِعُكَ ؟ قَالَ : " لَا ، حَتَّى تَسْمَعَ أَنَّا قَدْ ظَهَرْنَا " . فَاتَّبَعَهُ بَعْدُ . رَوَاهُ الْبَزَّارُ ، وَرِجَالُهُ رِجَالُ الصَّحِيحِ .
Sayyiduna Qays bin al-Nu'man (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates: When the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) and Sayyiduna Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) were travelling in concealment, the two of them halted at the home of Abu Ma'bad. He said: "By Allah, we have no goat (to give milk), and our goats are pregnant; we have no milk." The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "What is the matter with that goat?" He brought that goat, and the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) supplicated for blessing upon it. Then he milked into a vessel and gave him to drink, then those men drank. Abu Ma'bad said: "Are you the man about whom Quraysh say that you have changed your religion?" The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "That is what they say." Abu Ma'bad said: "I bear witness that what you have brought is the truth." Then he asked: "Shall I follow you?" The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "No, not until you hear that we have prevailed." After that (once a certain period had passed), Abu Ma'bad followed the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him).
Al-Bazzar recorded it, and its narrators are the narrators of the Sahih.
Al-Bazzar recorded it, and its narrators are the narrators of the Sahih.
وَعَنْ فَائِدٍ مَوْلَى عَبَادِلَ قَالَ : خَرَجْتُ مَعَ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ أَبِي رَبِيعَةَ ، فَأَرْسَلَ إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ إِلَى ابْنِ سَعْدٍ حَتَّى إِذَا كُنَّا بِالْعَرْجِ أَتَانَا ابْنُ سَعْدٍ ، وَسَعْدٌ الَّذِي دَلَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - عَلَى طَرِيقِ رَكُوبِهِ ، فَقَالَ إِبْرَاهِيمُ : أَخْبِرْنِي مَا حَدَّثَكَ أَبُوكَ ، قَالَ ابْنُ سَعْدٍ : حَدَّثَنِي أَبِي أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - أَتَاهُمْ وَمَعَهُ أَبُو بَكْرٍ ، وَكَانَتْ لِأَبِي بَكْرٍ عِنْدَنَا بِنْتٌ مُسْتَرْضَعَةٌ ، وَكَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - أَرَادَ الِاخْتِصَارَ فِي الطَّرِيقِ إِلَى الْمَدِينَةِ ، فَقَالَ لَهُ سَعْدٌ : هَذَا الْغَائِرُ مِنْ رَكُوبِهِ ، وَبِهِ لِصَّانِ مِنْ أَسْلَمَ يُقَالُ لَهُمَا : الْمُهَانَانِ ، فَإِنْ شِئْتَ أَخَذْنَا عَلَيْهِمَا ، فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - : " خُذْ بِنَا عَلَيْهِمَا " ، قَالَ سَعْدٌ : فَخَرَجْنَا حَتَّى إِذَا أَشْرَفْنَا إِذَا أَحَدُهُمَا يَقُولُ لِصَاحِبِهِ : هَذَا الْيَمَانِيُّ ، فَدَعَاهُمَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - فَعَرَضَ عَلَيْهِمَا الْإِسْلَامَ ، فَأَسْلَمَا ثُمَّ سَأَلَهُمَا عَنْ أَسْمَائِهِمَا ، فَقَالَا : نَحْنُ الْمُهَانَانِ قَالَ : " بَلْ أَنْتُمَا الْمُكَرَّمَانِ " . وَأَمَرَهُمَا أَنْ يَقْدَمَا عَلَيْهِ الْمَدِينَةَ فَخَرَجْنَا حَتَّى إِذَا أَتَيْنَا ظَاهِرَ قُبَاءَ فَتَلَقَّى بَنُو عَمْرِو بْنِ عَوْفٍ ، فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - : " أَيْنَ أَبُو أُمَامَةَ أَسْعَدُ بْنُ زُرَارَةَ ؟ " . فَقَالَ سَعْدُ بْنُ خَيْثَمَةَ : إِنَّهُ قَدْ أَصَابَ قَبْلِي يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ أَفَلَا أُخْبِرَهُ بِكَ ؟ ثُمَّ مَضَى حَتَّى إِذَا طَلَعَ عَلَى النَّخْلِ فَإِذَا الشَّرْبُ مَمْلُوءٌ ، فَالْتَفَتَ النَّبِيُّ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - إِلَى أَبِي بَكْرٍ فَقَالَ : " يَا أَبَا بَكْرٍ هَذَا الْمَنْزِلُ رَأَيْتُنِي أَنْزِلُ إِلَى حِيَاضٍ كَحِيَاضِ بَنِي مُدْلِجٍ " . رَوَاهُ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ . وَابْنُ سَعْدٍ اسْمُهُ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ ، وَلَمْ أَعْرِفْهُ ، وَبَقِيَّةُ رِجَالِهِ ثِقَاتٌ .
Fa'id, the freed slave of Abadil, narrates: I set out with Ibrahim bin Abd al-Rahman bin Abdullah bin Abi Rabi'ah. Ibrahim bin Abd al-Rahman sent word to Ibn Sa'd (and summoned him). When we were at "al-Arj", Ibn Sa'd came to us. Sa'd is the man who told the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) about the route (to Madinah during the emigration). Ibrahim bin Abd al-Rahman said to him: "Tell us what your father narrated to you." Ibn Sa'd said that his father told him: "The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) came to those people, and Sayyiduna Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) was with the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him). A nursing baby daughter of Sayyiduna Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) was being suckled in our area. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) wanted to go to Madinah by a shorter route, so Sa'd submitted to him: 'This route is an easy one, but there are two robbers from the tribe of Aslam here who are called "al-Muhanan" (that is, the two disgraced ones). If you wish, we can take that route.' The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: 'Go by that way!' Sa'd says: We set out from there, and when we reached that place, one of them said to his companion: 'This is a Yemeni.' The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) called the two of them and presented Islam to them, and they both accepted Islam. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) asked them about their names, and they both replied: 'We are "al-Muhanan" (the two disgraced ones).' The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: 'No! Rather, you are the two honoured ones.' Then the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) instructed the two of them to come to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) in Madinah. Then we set out from there until we reached Quba'. Banu Amr bin Awf welcomed the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him). The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) asked: 'Where is Abu Umamah As'ad bin Zurarah?' Sa'd bin Khaythamah submitted: 'O Messenger of Allah, he arrived before me; shall I not tell him about you?' Then they kept going until they came to the date-palm groves, and there was water there. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) turned towards Sayyiduna Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) and said: 'O Abu Bakr, this is the halting place of mine that I saw in a dream, that I would halt by pools like the pools of Banu Mudlij.'"
Abdullah bin Ahmad recorded it. Ibn Sa'd's name is Abdullah; I do not know him. The remaining narrators of this narration are thiqat (trustworthy).
Abdullah bin Ahmad recorded it. Ibn Sa'd's name is Abdullah; I do not know him. The remaining narrators of this narration are thiqat (trustworthy).
وَعَنْ أَسْمَاءَ بِنْتِ أَبِي بَكْرٍ قَالَتْ : لَمَّا خَرَجَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - وَخَرَجَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ مَعَهُ احْتَمَلَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ مَعَهُ مَالَهُ كُلَّهُ ، وَكَانَ خَمْسَةَ آلَافِ دِرْهَمٍ أَوْ سِتَّةَ آلَافِ دِرْهَمٍ فَانْطَلَقَ بِهَا مَعَهُ ، قَالَتْ : فَدَخَلَ عَلَيْنَا جَدِّي أَبُو قُحَافَةَ ، وَقَدْ ذَهَبَ بَصَرُهُ ، فَقَالَ : وَاللَّهِ إِنِّي لَأَرَاهُ قَدْ فَجَعَكُمْ بِمَالِهِ مَعَ نَفْسِهِ ، قَالَتْ : قُلْتُ : كَلَّا يَا أَبَتِ ، قَدْ تَرَكَ لَنَا خَيْرًا كَثِيرًا ، قَالَتْ : فَأَخَذْتُ أَحْجَارًا فَجَعَلْتُهَا فِي كُوَّةٍ فِي الْبَيْتِ كَانَ أَبِي يَجْعَلُ فِيهَا مَالَهُ ، ثُمَّ جَعَلْتُ عَلَيْهَا ثَوْبًا ثُمَّ أَخَذْتُ بِيَدِهِ ، فَقُلْتُ : ضَعْ يَا أَبَتِ يَدَكَ عَلَى هَذَا الْمَالِ ، قَالَتْ : فَوَضَعَ يَدَهُ عَلَيْهِ ، فَقَالَ : لَا بَأْسَ إِنْ كَانَ تَرَكَ لَكُمْ هَذَا لَقَدْ أَحْسَنَ ، وَفِي هَذَا لَكُمْ بِلَاغٌ ، قَالَتْ : وَلَا وَاللَّهِ مَا تَرَكَ لَنَا شَيْئًا ، وَلَكِنْ أَرَدْتُ أَنْ أُسْكِنَ الشَّيْخَ بِذَلِكَ . رَوَاهُ أَحْمَدُ ، وَالطَّبَرَانِيُّ ، وَرِجَالُ أَحْمَدَ رِجَالُ الصَّحِيحِ غَيْرَ ابْنِ إِسْحَاقَ وَقَدْ صَرَّحَ بِالسَّمَاعِ .
Sayyidah Asma' bint Abi Bakr (may Allah be pleased with her) narrates: When the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) set out, Sayyiduna Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) set out with him as well. Sayyiduna Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) took all his wealth with him, which came to five thousand dirhams, or perhaps six thousand dirhams; he took that sum with him. Sayyidah Asma' (may Allah be pleased with her) narrates: Our grandfather, Sayyiduna Abu Quhafah (may Allah be pleased with him), came to us; his eyesight had gone. He said: "By Allah, I think that Abu Bakr has left you and taken all the wealth with him." I said: "Not at all, grandfather! He has left a great deal of good for us." Sayyidah Asma' (may Allah be pleased with her) narrates: I took some stones and put them in the bag in the house in which my father used to keep his wealth. Then I put a cloth over it, then I took it in my hand and said: "O grandfather, place your hand on this wealth." Sayyidah Asma' (may Allah be pleased with her) says: He placed his hand on that wealth and then said: "If he has left this much for you, then there is no harm; he has done well. This will meet your needs." Sayyidah Asma' (may Allah be pleased with her) says: By Allah, he had not left anything for us, but I wanted to reassure the old man in this way.
Ahmad and al-Tabarani recorded it. The narrators of Ahmad are the narrators of the Sahih, except Ibn Ishaq, and he has explicitly stated that he heard it directly.
Ahmad and al-Tabarani recorded it. The narrators of Ahmad are the narrators of the Sahih, except Ibn Ishaq, and he has explicitly stated that he heard it directly.
وَعَنْ أَنَسِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ قَالَ : لَمَّا هَاجَرَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - كَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - يَرْكَبُ ، وَأَبُو بَكْرٍ رِدْفُهُ ، وَأَبُو بَكْرٍ يَعْرِفُ فِي الطَّرِيقِ لِاخْتِلَافِهِ بِالشَّامِ فَكَانَ يَمُرُّ بِالْقَوْمِ ، فَيَقُولُونَ : مَنْ هَذَا بَيْنَ يَدَيْكَ ؟ فَيَقُولُ : هَذَا يَهْدِينِي ، فَلَمَّا دَنَا مِنَ الْمَدِينَةِ بَعَثَ إِلَى الْقَوْمِ الَّذِينَ أَسْلَمُوا مِنَ الْأَنْصَارِ إِلَى أَبِي أُمَامَةَ وَأَصْحَابِهِ ، فَخَرَجُوا إِلَيْهِمَا ، فَقَالُوا : ادْخُلَا آمِنِينَ مُطَاعِينَ ، فَدَخَلَا - فَذَكَرَ الْحَدِيثَ - . رَوَاهُ أَحْمَدُ ، وَرِجَالُهُ رِجَالُ الصَّحِيحِ .
Sayyiduna Anas bin Malik (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates: When the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) emigrated, the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) was riding and Sayyiduna Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) was seated behind him. Sayyiduna Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) knew the route, because he used to travel back and forth to Syria. Whenever he passed by people, they would ask: "Who is this in front of you?" Sayyiduna Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) would reply: "He is guiding me." When they drew near Madinah, the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) sent word to the Muslims of the Ansar, that is, he sent word to Sayyiduna Abu Umamah (may Allah be pleased with him) and his companions. They came out to the two of them and said: "Enter, the two of you, in a state of safety and of being obeyed." So the two of them entered (that area). After this, the narrator mentioned the complete hadith.
Ahmad recorded it, and its narrators are the narrators of the Sahih.
Ahmad recorded it, and its narrators are the narrators of the Sahih.
وَعَنْ صُهَيْبٍ قَالَ : قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - : " أَرَأَيْتَ دَارَ هِجْرَتِكُمْ سَبْخَةً بَيْنَ ظَهْرَانَيْ حَرَّةَ ، فَإِمَّا أَنْ تَكُونَ هَجَرَ ، وَإِمَّا أَنْ تَكُونَ يَثْرِبَ " .
قَالَ : وَخَرَجَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - إِلَى الْمَدِينَةِ وَخَرَجَ مَعَهُ أَبُو بَكْرٍ ، وَكُنْتُ قَدْ هَمَمْتُ أَنْ أَخْرُجَ مَعَهُ ، وَصَدَّنِي فِتْيَانٌ مِنْ قُرَيْشٍ ، فَجَعَلْتُ لَيْلَتِي تِلْكَ أَقُومُ وَلَا أَقْعُدُ ، فَقَالُوا : قَدْ شَغَلَهُ اللَّهُ عَنْكُمْ بِبَطْنِهِ ، وَلَمْ أَكُنْ شَاكِيًا ، فَنَامُوا ، فَخَرَجْتُ فَلَحِقَنِي مِنْهُمْ نَاسٌ بَعْدَ مَا سِرْتُ يُرِيدُونَ رَدِّي ، فَقُلْتُ لَهُمْ : هَلْ لَكُمْ أَنْ أُعْطِيَكُمْ أَوَاقَ مِنْ ذَهَبٍ وَحُلَّةً سِيَرَاءَ بِمَكَّةَ ، وَتُخَلُّونَ سَبِيلِي وَتُوَثِّقُونَ لِي ، فَفَعَلُوا فَتَبِعْتُهُمْ إِلَى مَكَّةَ ، فَقُلْتُ : احْفِرُوا تَحْتَ أُسْكُفَّةِ الْبَابِ ، فَإِنَّ تَحْتَهَا الْأَوَاقَ ، وَاذْهَبُوا إِلَى فُلَانَةَ بِآيَةِ كَذَا وَكَذَا فَخُذُوا الْحُلَّتَيْنِ ، وَخَرَجْتُ حَتَّى قَدِمْتُ عَلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - قِبَاءً قَبْلَ أَنْ يَتَحَوَّلَ مِنْهَا فَلَمَّا رَآنِي قَالَ : " يَا أَبَا يَحْيَى ، رَبِحَ الْبَيْعُ " ثَلَاثًا . فَقُلْتُ : يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ، مَا سَبَقَنِي إِلَيْكَ أَحَدٌ ، وَمَا أَخْبَرَكَ إِلَّا جِبْرِيلُ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - . رَوَاهُ الطَّبَرَانِيُّ ، وَفِيهِ جَمَاعَةٌ لَمْ أَعْرِفْهُمْ .
قُلْتُ : وَلِصُهَيْبٍ حَدِيثٌ آخَرُ سَهَوْتُ عَنْهُ يَأْتِي فِي آخِرِ هَذَا الْبَابِ .
قَالَ : وَخَرَجَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - إِلَى الْمَدِينَةِ وَخَرَجَ مَعَهُ أَبُو بَكْرٍ ، وَكُنْتُ قَدْ هَمَمْتُ أَنْ أَخْرُجَ مَعَهُ ، وَصَدَّنِي فِتْيَانٌ مِنْ قُرَيْشٍ ، فَجَعَلْتُ لَيْلَتِي تِلْكَ أَقُومُ وَلَا أَقْعُدُ ، فَقَالُوا : قَدْ شَغَلَهُ اللَّهُ عَنْكُمْ بِبَطْنِهِ ، وَلَمْ أَكُنْ شَاكِيًا ، فَنَامُوا ، فَخَرَجْتُ فَلَحِقَنِي مِنْهُمْ نَاسٌ بَعْدَ مَا سِرْتُ يُرِيدُونَ رَدِّي ، فَقُلْتُ لَهُمْ : هَلْ لَكُمْ أَنْ أُعْطِيَكُمْ أَوَاقَ مِنْ ذَهَبٍ وَحُلَّةً سِيَرَاءَ بِمَكَّةَ ، وَتُخَلُّونَ سَبِيلِي وَتُوَثِّقُونَ لِي ، فَفَعَلُوا فَتَبِعْتُهُمْ إِلَى مَكَّةَ ، فَقُلْتُ : احْفِرُوا تَحْتَ أُسْكُفَّةِ الْبَابِ ، فَإِنَّ تَحْتَهَا الْأَوَاقَ ، وَاذْهَبُوا إِلَى فُلَانَةَ بِآيَةِ كَذَا وَكَذَا فَخُذُوا الْحُلَّتَيْنِ ، وَخَرَجْتُ حَتَّى قَدِمْتُ عَلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - قِبَاءً قَبْلَ أَنْ يَتَحَوَّلَ مِنْهَا فَلَمَّا رَآنِي قَالَ : " يَا أَبَا يَحْيَى ، رَبِحَ الْبَيْعُ " ثَلَاثًا . فَقُلْتُ : يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ، مَا سَبَقَنِي إِلَيْكَ أَحَدٌ ، وَمَا أَخْبَرَكَ إِلَّا جِبْرِيلُ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - . رَوَاهُ الطَّبَرَانِيُّ ، وَفِيهِ جَمَاعَةٌ لَمْ أَعْرِفْهُمْ .
قُلْتُ : وَلِصُهَيْبٍ حَدِيثٌ آخَرُ سَهَوْتُ عَنْهُ يَأْتِي فِي آخِرِ هَذَا الْبَابِ .
Sayyiduna Suhayb (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "I think the place of your emigration is a salty land lying between two stony tracts; it will either be "Hajar" or "Yathrib"." The narrator states: When the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) set out for Madinah, Sayyiduna Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) was with him. I too intended to set out with him, but some young men of Quraysh stopped me. That night I kept getting up and did not sit down, and those people said: "Allah Almighty has kept him occupied away from you with his stomach," although I was not ill. Then they fell asleep, and I left. After I had set off, some of them caught up with me, wanting to take me back. I said to them: "Would you be interested in my giving you some uqiyahs of gold and a striped (siyara') robe that is in Makkah, and you let me go my way?" They agreed to this, so I followed them back to Makkah and said: "Dig beneath the threshold of the door; the uqiyahs are beneath it. And go to such-and-such a woman with such-and-such a sign, and take two robes from her." Then I left from there until I came to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) at Quba'; this was before he had moved from there. When he saw me, he said three times: "O Abu Yahya, the deal has made a profit!" (That is, you have stopped those people from pursuing you by giving them the gold and the robes.) I submitted: "O Messenger of Allah, no one has reached you before me (who could have told you about this), so it must have been Sayyiduna Jibril (peace be upon him) who told you about it."
Al-Tabarani recorded it; its chain contains a group of narrators whom I do not know. (Allamah al-Haythami says:) I say: Another hadith is narrated from Sayyiduna Suhayb (may Allah be pleased with him) which I had forgotten; it will come at the end of this chapter.
Al-Tabarani recorded it; its chain contains a group of narrators whom I do not know. (Allamah al-Haythami says:) I say: Another hadith is narrated from Sayyiduna Suhayb (may Allah be pleased with him) which I had forgotten; it will come at the end of this chapter.
وَعَنِ الْبَرَاءِ قَالَ : كَانَ أَوَّلَ مَنْ قَدِمَ عَلَيْنَا مِنَ الْمُهَاجِرِينَ مُصْعَبُ بْنُ عُمَيْرٍ أَخِي بَنِي عَبْدِ الدَّارِ بْنِ قُصَيٍّ ، فَقُلْتُ لَهُ : مَا فَعَلَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - ؟ قَالَ : هُوَ مَكَانُهُ ، وَأَصْحَابُهُ عَلَى أَثَرِي . رَوَاهُ الطَّبَرَانِيُّ ، وَرِجَالُهُ رِجَالُ الصَّحِيحِ .
Sayyiduna al-Bara' (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates: The first of the Muhajirun to come to us was Sayyiduna Mus'ab bin Umayr (may Allah be pleased with him), who belonged to Banu Abd al-Dar bin Qusayy. I asked him: "How is the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him)?" He said: "He is in his place, and his companions are coming behind me."
Al-Tabarani recorded it, and its narrators are the narrators of the Sahih.
Al-Tabarani recorded it, and its narrators are the narrators of the Sahih.
وَعَنْ عُمَرَ بْنِ الْخَطَّابِ قَالَ : كُنَّا قَدِ اسْتَبْطَأْنَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - فِي الْقُدُومِ عَلَيْنَا ، وَكَانَتِ الْأَنْصَارُ يَفِدُونَ إِلَى ظَهْرِ الْحَرَّةِ فَيَجْلِسُونَ حَتَّى يَرْتَفِعَ النَّهَارُ ، فَإِذَا ارْتَفَعَ النَّهَارُ وَحَمِيَتِ الشَّمْسُ رَجَعَتْ إِلَى مَنَازِلِهَا ، فَقَالَ عُمَرُ : كُنَّا نَنْتَظِرُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - إِذَا رَجُلٌ مِنَ الْيَهُودِ قَدْ أَوْفَى عَلَى أُطُمٍ مِنْ آطَامِهِمْ فَصَاحَ بِأَعْلَى صَوْتِهِ : يَا مَعْشَرَ الْعَرَبِ ، هَذَا صَاحَبُكُمُ الَّذِي تَنْتَظِرُونَ ، قَالَ عُمَرُ : سَمِعْتُ الْوَجْبَةَ فِي بَنَى عَمْرِو بْنِ عَوْفٍ ، فَأَخْرَجْتُ رَأْسِي فَإِذَا الْمُسْلِمُونَ قَدْ لَبِسُوا السِّلَاحَ ، فَانْطَلَقْتُ مَعَ الْقَوْمِ عِنْدَ الظَّهِيرَةِ فَأَخَذَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - ذَاتَ الْيَمِينِ حَتَّى نَزَلَ فِي بَنِي عَمْرِو بْنِ عَوْفٍ . رَوَاهُ الْبَزَّارُ ، وَفِيهِ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ زَيْدِ بْنِ أَسْلَمَ ، وَثَّقَهُ أَبُو حَاتِمٍ ، وَغَيْرُهُ ، وَضَعَّفَهُ ابْنُ مَعِينٍ ، وَغَيْرُهُ .
Sayyiduna Umar bin al-Khattab (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates: The Prophet's (peace and blessings be upon him) arrival among us (in Madinah) was delayed. The Ansar would go out in the morning to the stony ground and remain sitting there until the day had risen; when the day had risen and the heat of the sun grew intense, they would return to their homes. Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) says: We were waiting for the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) when a man from among the Jews, who had climbed up onto a tall building, shouted at the top of his voice: "O company of Arabs! Here comes your master, whom you have been waiting for!" Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) says: We heard a commotion in the area of Banu Amr bin Awf. I put my head out and saw that the Muslims were putting on their weapons. The day had risen, and I too went out with the people. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) turned to the right, and he (peace and blessings be upon him) halted in the area of Banu Amr bin Awf.
Al-Bazzar recorded it; its chain contains a narrator, Abdullah bin Zayd bin Aslam, whom Abu Hatim and others declared thiqah (trustworthy), while Yahya bin Ma'in and others called him da'if (weak).
Al-Bazzar recorded it; its chain contains a narrator, Abdullah bin Zayd bin Aslam, whom Abu Hatim and others declared thiqah (trustworthy), while Yahya bin Ma'in and others called him da'if (weak).
وَعَنْ عُمَرَ بْنِ الْخَطَّابِ قَالَ : اجْتَمَعْنَا لِلْهِجْرَةِ أَوْعَدْتُ أَنَا وَعِيَّاشُ بْنُ أَبِي رَبِيعَةَ ، وَهِشَامُ بْنُ الْعَاصِ الْمَيْضَاةَ - مَيْضَاةَ بَنِي غِفَارٍ - فَوْقَ شُرَفٍ ، وَقُلْنَا : أَيُّكُمْ لَمْ يُصْبِحْ عِنْدَهَا ، فَقَدِ احْتُبِسَ ، فَلْيَمْضِ صَاحِبَاهُ ، فَحُبِسَ عَنَّا هِشَامُ بْنُ الْعَاصِ ، فَلَمَّا قَدِمْنَا مَنْزِلَنَا فِي بَنِي عَمْرِو بْنِ عَوْفٍ ، وَخَرَجَ أَبُو جَهْلِ بْنُ هِشَامٍ ، وَالْحَارِثُ بْنُ هِشَامٍ إِلَى عَيَّاشِ بْنِ أَبِي رَبِيعَةَ ، وَكَانَ ابْنُ عَمِّهِمَا وَأَخَاهُمَا لِأُمِّهِمَا حَتَّى قَدِمَا عَلَيْنَا الْمَدِينَةَ فَكَلَّمَاهُ ، فَقَالَا لَهُ : إِنَّ أُمَّكَ نَذَرَتْ أَنْ لَا تَمَسَّ رَأْسَهَا مُشْطٌ حَتَّى تَرَاكَ ، فَرَقَّ لَهَا ، فَقُلْتُ لَهُ : يَا عَيَّاشُ ، وَاللَّهِ إِنْ يَرُدَّكَ الْقَوْمُ إِلَّا عَنْ دِينِكَ ، فَاحْذَرْهُمْ ، فَوَاللَّهِ لَوْ قَدْ آذَى أُمَّكَ الْقَمْلُ لَامْتَشَطَتْ ، وَلَوْ قَدِ اشْتَدَّ عَلَيْهَا حَرُّ مَكَّةَ - أَحْسَبُهُ قَالَ - لَامْتَشَطَتْ قَالَ : إِنَّ لِي هُنَاكَ مَالًا فَآخُذُهُ ؟ قَالَ : قُلْتُ : وَاللَّهِ إِنَّكَ لَتَعْلَمُ أَنِّي مِنْ أَكْثَرِ قُرَيْشٍ مَالًا ، فَلَكَ نِصْفُ مَالِي وَلَا تَذْهَبْ مَعَهُمَا ، فَأَبَى إِلَّا أَنْ يَخْرُجَ مَعَهُمَا ، فَقُلْتُ لَهُ لَمَّا أَبَى عَلَيَّ : أَمَّا إِذْ فَعَلْتَ مَا فَعَلْتَ فَخُذْ نَاقَتِي هَذِهِ ; فَإِنَّهَا نَاقَةٌ ذَلُولٌ فَالْزَمْ ظَهْرَهَا ، فَإِنْ رَابَكَ مِنَ الْقَوْمِ رَيْبٌ ; فَأَنِخْ عَلَيْهَا ، فَخَرَجَ مَعَهُمَا عَلَيْهَا حَتَّى إِذَا كَانُوا بِبَعْضِ الطَّرِيقِ ، قَالَ أَبُو جَهْلِ بْنُ هِشَامٍ : وَاللَّهِ لَقَدِ اسْتَبْطَأْتُ بَعِيرِي هَذَا ، أَفَلَا تَحْمِلُنِي عَلَى نَاقَتِكَ هَذِهِ ؟ قَالَ : بَلَى ، فَأَنَاخَ وَأَنَاخَا لِيَتَحَوَّلَ عَلَيْهَا ، فَلَمَّا اسْتَوَوْا بِالْأَرْضِ عَدَّيَا عَلَيْهِ ، فَأَوْثَقَاهُ ثُمَّ أَدْخَلَاهُ مَكَّةَ ، وَفَتَنَاهُ فَافْتُتِنَ قَالَ : فَكُنَّا نَقُولُ : وَاللَّهِ لَا يَقْبَلُ اللَّهُ مِمَّنِ افْتُتِنَ صَرْفًا وَلَا عَدْلًا ، وَلَا يَقْبَلُ تَوْبَةَ قَوْمٍ عَرَفُوا اللَّهَ ثُمَّ رَجَعُوا إِلَى الْكُفْرِ ; لِبَلَاءٍ أَصَابَهُمْ قَالَ : وَكَانُوا يَقُولُونَ ذَلِكَ لِأَنْفُسِهِمْ ، فَلَمَّا قَدِمَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - الْمَدِينَةَ أَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ فِيهِمْ ، وَفِي قَوْلِنَا لَهُمْ ، وَقَوْلِهِمْ لِأَنْفُسِهِمْ : يَاعِبَادِيَ الَّذِينَ أَسْرَفُوا عَلَى أَنْفُسِهِمْ لَا تَقْنَطُوا مِنْ رَحْمَةِ اللَّهِ إِنَّ اللَّهَ يَغْفِرُ الذُّنُوبَ جَمِيعًا إِنَّهُ هُوَ الْغَفُورُ الرَّحِيمُ إِلَى قَوْلِهِ : ( وَأَنْتُمْ لَا تَشْعُرُونَ ) ، قَالَ عُمَرُ : فَكَتَبْتُهَا فِي صَحِيفَةٍ وَبَعَثْتُ بِهَا إِلَى هِشَامِ بْنِ الْعَاصِ ، قَالَ هِشَامٌ : فَلَمْ أَزَلْ أَقْرَؤُهَا بِذِي طُوَى أَصْعَدُ بِهَا فِيهِ حَتَّى فَهِمْتُهَا قَالَ : فَأُلْقِيَ فِي نَفْسِي أَنَّهَا إِنَّمَا نَزَلَتْ فِينَا ، وَفِيمَا كُنَّا نَقُولُ فِي أَنْفُسِنَا ، وَيُقَالُ فِينَا ، فَرَجَعْتُ فَجَلَسْتُ عَلَى بَعِيرِي فَلَحِقْتُ بِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - بِالْمَدِينَةِ . رَوَاهُ الْبَزَّارُ ، وَرِجَالُهُ ثِقَاتٌ .
Sayyiduna Umar bin al-Khattab (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates: We resolved to emigrate. I, Ayyash bin Abi Rabi'ah and Hisham bin al-As promised to gather at the "Mayda'ah" of Banu Ghifar, which was on a hillock. We agreed that whoever could not get there would be left behind, and the rest would go on. Hisham bin al-As could not come to us. When we reached our lodging at Quba' in the area of Banu Amr bin Awf in Madinah, Abu Jahl bin Hisham and al-Harith bin Hisham set out and came to Ayyash bin Abi Rabi'ah. These two were both the paternal cousins of Ayyash bin Abi Rabi'ah and his half-brothers through his mother. The two of them came to us in Madinah, spoke with Ayyash, and said to him: "Your mother has vowed that she will not comb her hair until she sees you." Ayyash's heart softened towards his mother. I said to him: "O Ayyash, by Allah, these people want to turn you back from your religion, so beware of them! By Allah, when lice trouble your mother, she will comb her hair herself, and when the heat of Makkah weighs heavily on her" (the narrator says: I think the narration has these words) "she will comb her hair too." Ayyash said: "My wealth is there; I will take it." I said: "By Allah, you know that I had the most wealth among Quraysh. Take half of my wealth, but do not go with these two." But he did not accept this and went with the two of them. When he did not accept what I said, I said to him: "Very well, do as you please, but take this she-camel of mine. She is an obedient she-camel; stay on her back, and if these people deceive you in any way, ride off on her." Then he went with the two of them, riding on that she-camel. At some point on the way, Abu Jahl bin Hisham said: "By Allah, this camel of mine is being sluggish. Will you let me ride on this she-camel of yours?" Ayyash said: "All right." He made the she-camel kneel so that Abu Jahl could move onto her. When they were down on the ground, the two of them attacked Ayyash, tied him up, and then took him to Makkah, and they put him to trial, and he succumbed to the trial. Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) says: We used to say: "By Allah, whoever succumbs to trial, Allah Almighty will not accept any obligatory or voluntary worship from him, nor will Allah Almighty accept the repentance of people who came to know Allah Almighty and then went back to disbelief because of some hardship that befell them." Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) says: People held this position based on their own opinion. When the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) came to Madinah, Allah Almighty revealed this verse concerning those people, concerning our position and their own position about themselves: "O My servants who have wronged themselves, do not despair of the mercy of Allah. Indeed, Allah forgives all sins. Indeed, He is the Forgiving, the Merciful." The verse continues up to: "while you do not perceive." Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) says: We wrote this verse down on a sheet and sent it to Hisham bin al-As. Hisham says: At the place called Dhu Tuwa I kept reading it over and over until I understood it. Then it came to my mind that it had been revealed about us, and about what we used to say about ourselves or what was said about us. So I went back, sat on my camel, and joined the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him).
Al-Bazzar recorded it, and its narrators are thiqat (trustworthy).
Al-Bazzar recorded it, and its narrators are thiqat (trustworthy).
وَعَنْ عُرْوَةَ قَالَ : خَرَجَ عُمَرُ بْنُ الْخَطَّابِ ، وَعِيَّاشُ بْنُ أَبِي رَبِيعَةَ فِي أَصْحَابٍ لَهُمْ فَنَزَلُوا فِي بَنِي عَمْرِو بْنِ عَوْفٍ ، فَطَلَبَ أَبُو جَهْلِ بْنُ هِشَامٍ ، وَالْحَارِثُ بْنُ هِشَامٍ عَيَّاشَ بْنَ أَبِي رَبِيعَةَ وَهُوَ أَخُوهُمَا لِأُمِّهِمَا فَقَدِمَا الْمَدِينَةَ ، فَذَكَرَا لَهُ حُزْنَ أُمِّهِ ، فَقَالَا : إِنَّهَا حَلَفَتْ أَنْ لَا يُظِلَّهَا بَيْتٌ ، وَلَا يَمَسَّ رَأْسَهَا دُهْنٌ حَتَّى تَرَاكَ وَلَوْلَا ذَلِكَ لَمْ نَطْلُبْكَ ، فَنُذَكِّرْكَ اللَّهَ فِي أُمِّكَ ، وَكَانَ بِهَا رَحِيمًا ، وَكَانَ يَعْلَمُ مِنْ حُبِّهَا إِيَّاهُ وَرِقِّهَا - يَعْنِي عَلَيْهِ - مَا كَانَ يُصَدِّقُهُمَا بِهِ ، فَرَقَّ لَهَا لِمَا ذَكَرُوا لَهُ وَأَبَى أَنْ يَتْبَعَهُمَا حَتَّى عَقَدَ لَهُ الْحَارِثُ بْنُ هِشَامٍ ، فَلَمَّا خَرَجَ مَعَهُمَا ، أَوْثَقَاهُ فَلَمْ يَزَلْ هُنَاكَ مُوَثَّقًا حَتَّى خَرَجَ مَعَ مَنْ خَرَجَ قَبْلَ فَتْحِ مَكَّةَ ، وَكَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - دَعَا لَهُ بِالْخَلَاصِ وَالْحِفْظِ . رَوَاهُ الطَّبَرَانِيُّ مُرْسَلًا ، وَفِيهِ ابْنُ لَهِيعَةَ ، وَفِيهِ ضَعْفٌ . وَرَوَاهُ أَيْضًا عَنِ ابْنِ شِهَابٍ مُرْسَلًا ، وَرِجَالُهُ ثِقَاتٌ .
Urwah narrates: Sayyiduna Umar bin al-Khattab (may Allah be pleased with him) and Ayyash bin Abi Rabi'ah set out with their companions, and these people took up residence in the area of Banu Amr bin Awf. Abu Jahl bin Hisham and al-Harith bin Hisham set out in search of Ayyash bin Abi Rabi'ah; Ayyash was their half-brother through their mother. The two of them came to Madinah and mentioned to Ayyash his mother's distress. They told him that this woman had sworn that she would neither come into the shade of a house nor put oil on her head until she saw you. They said: "Had it not been for this, we would not have come looking for you; so we remind you of Allah concerning your mother." That man loved his mother dearly, and he also knew that his mother loved him, so he had no difficulty believing what they said. His heart softened because of the situation they described to him, but he refused to go with the two of them unless al-Harith bin Hisham made a pact with him. When he set out with the two of them, they tied him up, and he remained continuously in bonds until he left from there (along with his other companions) some time before the conquest of Makkah. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) had supplicated for him to be delivered and kept safe.
Al-Tabarani recorded it as a "mursal" narration; its chain contains a narrator, Ibn Lahi'ah, in whom there is weakness. The narrator has also recorded it from Ibn Shihab as a "mursal" narration, and its narrators are thiqat (trustworthy).
Al-Tabarani recorded it as a "mursal" narration; its chain contains a narrator, Ibn Lahi'ah, in whom there is weakness. The narrator has also recorded it from Ibn Shihab as a "mursal" narration, and its narrators are thiqat (trustworthy).
وَعَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ قَالَ : كُنَّا نَقُولُ : لَيْسَ لِمَنِ افْتُتِنَ تَوْبَةٌ إِذَا تَرَكَ دِينَهُ بَعْدَ إِسْلَامِهِ وَمَعْرِفَتِهِ . فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ فِيهِمْ : يَاعِبَادِيَ الَّذِينَ أَسْرَفُوا عَلَى أَنْفُسِهِمْ لَا تَقْنَطُوا مِنْ رَحْمَةِ اللَّهِ إِلَى قَوْلِهِ : ( مِنْ قَبْلِ أَنْ يَأْتِيَكُمُ الْعَذَابُ بَغْتَةً وَأَنْتُمْ لَا تَشْعُرُونَ ) فَكَتَبْتُهَا بِيَدِي ، ثُمَّ بَعَثْتُ بِهَا إِلَى هِشَامِ بْنِ الْعَاصِ بْنِ وَائِلٍ ، قَالَ هِشَامٌ : فَلَمَّا جَاءَتْنِي صَعَدْتُ بِهَا كَذَا أُصَوِّتُ بِهَا وَأَقُولُ فَلَا أَفْهَمُهَا ، فَوَقَعَتْ فِي نَفْسِي أَنَّهَا نَزَلَتْ فِينَا وَمَا كُنَّا نَقُولُ ، فَجَلَسْتُ عَلَى بَعِيرِي ثُمَّ لَحِقْتُ بِالْمَدِينَةِ ، وَأَقَامَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - يَنْتَظِرُ أَنْ يُؤْذَنَ لَهُ بِالْهِجْرَةِ ، وَأَصْحَابُهُ مِنَ الْمُهَاجِرِينَ قَدِمُوا إِرْسَالًا ، وَقَدْ كَانَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ اسْتَأْذَنَ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - فِي الْهِجْرَةِ فَقَالَ : " لَا تَعْجَلْ لَعَلَّ اللَّهَ أَنْ يَجْعَلَ لَكَ صَاحِبًا " . فَطَمِعَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ أَنْ يَكُونَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - يَعْنِي نَفْسَهُ - وَكَانَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ قَدْ أَعَدَّ لِذَلِكَ رَاحِلَتَيْنِ يَعْلِفُهُمَا فِي دَارِهِ . رَوَاهُ الطَّبَرَانِيُّ ، وَفِيهِ عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ بَشِيرٍ الدِّمَشْقِيِّ ، ضَعَّفَهُ أَبُو حَاتِمٍ .
Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Umar (may Allah be pleased with them both) narrates: We used to say: "The repentance of a person who has succumbed to trial will not be accepted, when he has abandoned his religion after accepting Islam and after coming to know it." Then Allah Almighty revealed these verses concerning those people: "O My servants who have wronged themselves, do not despair of the mercy of Allah." The verse continues up to: "before the punishment comes upon you suddenly while you do not perceive." The narrator says: I wrote this verse with my own hand and then sent it to Hisham bin al-As bin Wa'il. Hisham says: When this verse came to me, I began to read it, but I did not understand it. Then the thought came to my mind that this verse had been revealed about us and about what we used to say. So I sat on my camel and came to Madinah. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) was waiting to be given permission to emigrate. His companions from among the Muhajirun had already arrived in various groups. Sayyiduna Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) had asked the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) for permission to emigrate, and the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) had said: "Do not be hasty! Perhaps Allah Almighty will appoint a companion for you." Sayyiduna Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) hoped that this companion would be the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) himself. Sayyiduna Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) had prepared two mounts for the emigration, and he used to feed them fodder in his house.
Al-Tabarani recorded it; the chain of this narration contains a narrator, Abd al-Rahman bin Bashir al-Dimashqi, whom Abu Hatim declared da'if (weak).
Al-Tabarani recorded it; the chain of this narration contains a narrator, Abd al-Rahman bin Bashir al-Dimashqi, whom Abu Hatim declared da'if (weak).
وَعَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ قَالَ : لَعَنَ اللَّهُ مَنْ يَزْعُمُ أَنِّي هَاجَرْتُ قَبْلَ أَبِي ، إِنَّمَا قَدَّمَنِي فِي ثِقَلِهِ . رَوَاهُ الطَّبَرَانِيُّ ، وَفِيهِ جَابِرٌ الْجُعْفِيُّ وَهُوَ ضَعِيفٌ .
Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Umar (may Allah be pleased with them both) says: May Allah Almighty curse whoever says that I emigrated before my father (that is, Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him)). (The fact is:) he sent me ahead with the baggage.
Al-Tabarani recorded it; its chain contains a narrator, Jabir al-Ju'fi, who is da'if (weak).
Al-Tabarani recorded it; its chain contains a narrator, Jabir al-Ju'fi, who is da'if (weak).
وَعَنِ ابْنِ إِسْحَاقَ قَالَ : نَزَلَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - بِقُبَاءٍ عَلَى كُلْثُومِ بْنِ هَدْمِ أَخِي بَنِي عَمْرِو بْنِ عَوْفٍ وَيُقَالُ : بَلْ نَزَلَ عَلَى سَعْدِ بْنِ خَيْثَمَةَ ، فَأَقَامَ فِي بَنِي عَمْرِو بْنِ عَوْفٍ ، وَأَدْرَكَتْهُ الْجُمُعَةُ فِي بَنِي سَالِمِ بْنِ عَوْفٍ فَصَلَّى الْجُمُعَةَ الْكُبْرَى فِي الْمَسْجِدِ بِبَطْنِ الْوَادِي .
قَالَ ابْنُ إِسْحَاقَ : ثُمَّ نَزَلَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - عَلَى أَبِي أَيُّوبَ وَأَمَرَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - بِبِنَاءِ مَسْجِدِهِ فِي تِلْكَ السَّنَةِ . رَوَاهُ الطَّبَرَانِيُّ ، وَرِجَالُهُ ثِقَاتٌ .
قَالَ ابْنُ إِسْحَاقَ : ثُمَّ نَزَلَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - عَلَى أَبِي أَيُّوبَ وَأَمَرَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - بِبِنَاءِ مَسْجِدِهِ فِي تِلْكَ السَّنَةِ . رَوَاهُ الطَّبَرَانِيُّ ، وَرِجَالُهُ ثِقَاتٌ .
Ibn Ishaq narrates: At Quba', the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) halted at the home of Sayyiduna Kulthum bin Hidm (may Allah be pleased with him), a man of Banu Amr bin Awf. According to one view, he halted at the home of Sayyiduna Sa'd bin Khaythamah (may Allah be pleased with him). He stayed in the quarter of Banu Amr bin Awf until Friday came upon him in the area of Banu Salim bin Awf, and he offered the Friday prayer in the mosque in the low-lying part of the settlement. After that, the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) stayed at the home of Sayyiduna Abu Ayyub al-Ansari (may Allah be pleased with him), and in that same year the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) ordered the construction of his mosque (that is, the Prophet's Mosque).
Al-Tabarani recorded it, and its narrators are thiqat (trustworthy).
Al-Tabarani recorded it, and its narrators are thiqat (trustworthy).
وَعَنْ عَاصِمِ بْنِ عَدِيٍّ قَالَ : قَدِمَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - الْمَدِينَةَ يَوْمَ الِاثْنَيْنِ لِاثْنَتَيْ عَشْرَةَ لَيْلَةً خَلَتْ مِنْ رَبِيعٍ الْأَوَّلِ فَأَقَامَ بِالْمَدِينَةِ عَشْرَ سِنِينَ . رَوَاهُ الطَّبَرَانِيُّ ، وَرِجَالُهُ ثِقَاتٌ .
Sayyiduna Asim bin Adi (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates: The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) arrived in Madinah on Monday, the 12th of Rabi' al-Awwal, and he stayed in Madinah for ten years.
Al-Tabarani recorded it, and its narrators are thiqat (trustworthy).
Al-Tabarani recorded it, and its narrators are thiqat (trustworthy).
وَعَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ الزُّبَيْرِ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - قَدِمَ الْمَدِينَةَ فَاسْتَنَاخَتْ بِهِ رَاحِلَتُهُ بَيْنَ دَارِ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ ، وَدَارِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ زَيْدٍ ، فَأَتَاهُ النَّاسُ ، فَقَالُوا : يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ، الْمَنْزِلُ ، فَانْبَعَثَ بِهِ رَاحِلَتُهُ ، فَقَالَ : " دَعُوهَا فَإِنَّهَا مَأْمُورَةٌ " . ثُمَّ خَرَجَتْ بِهِ حَتَّى جَاءَتْ بِهِ مَوْضِعَ الْمِنْبَرِ فَاسْتَنَاخَتْ بِهِ ثُمَّ تَجَلْجَلَتْ ، وَلِنَاسٍ ثَمَّ عَرِيشٌ كَانُوا يَرُشُّونَهُ وَيُعَمِّرُونَهُ وَيَتَبَرَّدُونَ فِيهِ حَتَّى نَزَلَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - عَنْ رَاحِلَتِهِ ، فَآوَى إِلَى الظِّلِّ فَنَزَلَ فِيهِ فَأَتَاهُ أَبُو أَيُّوبَ ، فَقَالَ : يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ، مَنْزِلِي أَقْرَبُ الْمَنَازِلِ إِلَيْهِ فَانْقُلْ رَحْلَكَ قَالَ : " نَعَمْ " . فَذَهَبَ بِرَحْلِهِ إِلَى الْمَنْزِلِ ثُمَّ أَتَاهُ رَجُلٌ آخَرُ ، فَقَالَ : يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ، انْزِلْ عَلَيَّ ، فَقَالَ : " إِنَّ الرَّجُلَ مَعَ رَحْلِهِ حَيْثُ كَانَ " . وَثَبَتَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - فِي الْعَرِيشِ اثْنَتَيْ عَشَرَةَ لَيْلَةً حَتَّى بَنَى الْمَسْجِدَ . رَوَاهُ الطَّبَرَانِيُّ فِي الْأَوْسَطِ ، وَفِيهِ صِدِّيقُ بْنُ مُوسَى ، قَالَ الذَّهَبِيُّ : لَيْسَ بِالْحُجَّةِ .
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Abdullah bin al-Zubayr (may Allah be pleased with him): When the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) came to Madinah, (the narrator states:) his she-camel stopped at the spot which (now) lies between the houses of Imam Ja'far al-Sadiq and Imam al-Hasan bin Zayd. The people came to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) and said: "O Messenger of Allah, which will be the place of residence?" Then the Prophet's (peace and blessings be upon him) she-camel stood up with him on it. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Leave her be! She is under command." Then she set off with him until she brought him to the place where the pulpit stands. There she stopped and sat down. At that spot people had built a shelter, where they used to sprinkle water and cool themselves. Then the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) dismounted from his mount, came to the shade and stayed there. Sayyiduna Abu Ayyub al-Ansari (may Allah be pleased with him) came to him and said: "O Messenger of Allah, my house is the nearest of all houses, so move your mount (or baggage) there." The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "All right!" So he took the Prophet's (peace and blessings be upon him) baggage to his house. Another man came to him and said: "O Messenger of Allah, stay with me!" The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "A man is with his baggage, wherever it is." Then the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) stayed at that place for twelve days, until he had the construction of the mosque begun.
Al-Tabarani recorded it in al-Mu'jam al-Awsat; its chain contains a narrator, Siddiq bin Musa, about whom al-Dhahabi says: He is not a proof (hujjah).
Al-Tabarani recorded it in al-Mu'jam al-Awsat; its chain contains a narrator, Siddiq bin Musa, about whom al-Dhahabi says: He is not a proof (hujjah).
وَعَنِ ابْنِ إِسْحَاقَ قَالَ : نَزَلَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ عَلَى حُبَيْبٍ ، [ وَيُقَالُ : خُبَيْبُ - ابْنُ يَسَافِ - أَخِي الْحَارِثِ بْنِ الْخَزْرَجِ ] بِالسُّنْحِ . وَيُقَالُ : بَلْ نَزَلَ عَلَى خَارِجَةَ بْنِ زَيْدِ بْنِ أَبِي زُهَيْرٍ أَخِي بَنِي الْحَارِثِ بْنِ الْخَزْرَجِ . رَوَاهُ الطَّبَرَانِيُّ ، وَرِجَالُهُ ثِقَاتٌ .
Ibn Ishaq narrates: Sayyiduna Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) stayed at the home of Sayyiduna Hubayb bin Yasaf (may Allah be pleased with him), or according to one view, Sayyiduna Khubayb bin Yasaf (may Allah be pleased with him), who belonged to Banu al-Harith bin al-Khazraj and lived at the place called "al-Sunh". According to one view, he stayed at the home of Sayyiduna Kharijah bin Zayd bin Abi Zuhayr (may Allah be pleased with him), who belonged to Banu al-Harith bin al-Khazraj.
Al-Tabarani recorded it, and its narrators are thiqat (trustworthy).
Al-Tabarani recorded it, and its narrators are thiqat (trustworthy).
وَعَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ أَنَّ عَبْدَ اللَّهِ بْنِ جَحْشٍ ، وَكَانَ آخِرَ مَنْ بَقِيَ مِمَّنْ هَاجَرَ ، وَكَانَ قَدْ كُفَّ بَصَرُهُ ، فَلَمَّا أَجْمَعَ عَلَى الْهِجْرَةِ كَرِهَتِ امْرَأَتُهُ ذَلِكَ بِنْتُ حَرْبِ بْنِ أُمَيَّةَ ، وَجَعَلَتْ تُشِيرُ عَلَيْهِ أَنْ يُهَاجِرَ إِلَى غَيْرِهِ ، فَهَاجَرَ بِأَهْلِهِ وَمَالِهِ مُكْتَتِمًا مِنْ قُرَيْشٍ حَتَّى قَدِمَ الْمَدِينَةَ عَلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - فَوَثَبَ أَبُو سُفْيَانَ بْنُ حَرْبٍ فَبَاعَ دَارَهُ بِمَكَّةَ فَمَرَّ بِهَا بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ أَبُو جَهْلٍ ابْنُ هِشَامٍ ، وَعُتْبَةُ بْنُ رَبِيعَةَ ، وَشَيْبَةُ بْنُ رَبِيعَةَ ، وَالْعَبَّاسُ بْنُ عَبَدِ الْمُطَّلِبِ ، وَحُوَيْطِبُ بْنُ عَبَدِ الْعُزَّى ، وَفِيهَا أُهُبٌ مَعْطُونَةٌ ، فَذَرَفَتْ عَيْنَا عُتْبَةَ ، وَتَمَثَّلَ بِبَيْتٍ مِنْ شِعْرٍ :
وَكُلُّ دَارٍ وَإِنْ طَالَتْ سَلَامَتُهَا يَوْمًا سَيُدْرِكُهَا النَّكْبَاءُ وَالْحُوبُ . قَالَ أَبُو جَهْلٍ : وَأَقْبَلَ عَلِيَّ الْعَبَّاسُ ، فَقَالَ : هَذَا مَا أَدْخَلْتُمْ عَلَيْنَا فَلَمَّا دَخَلَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - مَكَّةَ يَوْمَ الْفَتْحِ قَامَ أَبُو أَحْمَدَ يَنْشُدُ دَارَهُ ، فَأَمَرَ النَّبِيُّ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - عُثْمَانَ بْنَ عَفَّانَ فَقَامَ إِلَى أَبِي أَحْمَدَ فَانْتَحَاهُ ، فَسَكَتَ أَبُو أَحْمَدَ عَنْ نَشِيدِ دَارِهِ ، قَالَ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ : وَكَانَ أَبُو أَحْمَدَ يَقُولُ - وَالنَّبِيُّ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - مُتَّكِئٌ عَلَى يَدِهِ يَوْمَ الْفَتْحِ - :
حَبَّذَا مَكَّةَ مِنْ وَادِي بِهَا أَمْشِي بِلَا هَادِي
بِهَا يَكْثُرُ عُوَّادِي بِهَا تَرْكِزُ أَوْتَادِي
رَوَاهُ الطَّبَرَانِيُّ ، وَفِيهِ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ شَبِيبٍ وَهُوَ ضَعِيفٌ .
وَكُلُّ دَارٍ وَإِنْ طَالَتْ سَلَامَتُهَا يَوْمًا سَيُدْرِكُهَا النَّكْبَاءُ وَالْحُوبُ . قَالَ أَبُو جَهْلٍ : وَأَقْبَلَ عَلِيَّ الْعَبَّاسُ ، فَقَالَ : هَذَا مَا أَدْخَلْتُمْ عَلَيْنَا فَلَمَّا دَخَلَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - مَكَّةَ يَوْمَ الْفَتْحِ قَامَ أَبُو أَحْمَدَ يَنْشُدُ دَارَهُ ، فَأَمَرَ النَّبِيُّ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - عُثْمَانَ بْنَ عَفَّانَ فَقَامَ إِلَى أَبِي أَحْمَدَ فَانْتَحَاهُ ، فَسَكَتَ أَبُو أَحْمَدَ عَنْ نَشِيدِ دَارِهِ ، قَالَ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ : وَكَانَ أَبُو أَحْمَدَ يَقُولُ - وَالنَّبِيُّ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - مُتَّكِئٌ عَلَى يَدِهِ يَوْمَ الْفَتْحِ - :
حَبَّذَا مَكَّةَ مِنْ وَادِي بِهَا أَمْشِي بِلَا هَادِي
بِهَا يَكْثُرُ عُوَّادِي بِهَا تَرْكِزُ أَوْتَادِي
رَوَاهُ الطَّبَرَانِيُّ ، وَفِيهِ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ شَبِيبٍ وَهُوَ ضَعِيفٌ .
Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) narrates: Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Jahsh (may Allah be pleased with him) was the last of those remaining who emigrated. His eyesight had become weak. When he resolved to emigrate, his wife, who was the daughter of Harb bin Umayyah, disliked this, and she advised him to emigrate somewhere else. So he set out to emigrate with his family and his wealth, concealing himself from Quraysh, until he came to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) in Madinah. Abu Sufyan bin Harb sold his house in Makkah. After that, Abu Jahl bin Hisham, Utbah bin Rabi'ah, Shaybah bin Rabi'ah, Abbas bin Abd al-Muttalib and Huwaytib bin Abd al-Uzza passed by that house, and some hides were lying there. Utbah's eyes filled with tears, and commenting on the situation he recited this verse: "Every house, however long it remains safe, one day ruin and desolation will overtake it." The narrator says: Abu Jahl turned to Sayyiduna Abbas (may Allah be pleased with him) and said: "You people have brought this situation upon us." When the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) entered Makkah on the day of the conquest, Abu Ahmad stood up and spoke about his house. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) gave an order to Sayyiduna Uthman bin Affan (may Allah be pleased with him); he got up, went over to Abu Ahmad and stopped him from it, and Abu Ahmad fell silent about his house. Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Abbas (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates: On the day of the conquest of Makkah, the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) was leaning on his hand, and Abu Ahmad was reciting this verse: "How excellent is the valley of Makkah! Here I walk without a guide; here my visitors are many; here my tent pegs are planted."
Al-Tabarani recorded it; its chain contains a narrator, Abdullah bin Shabib, who is da'if (weak).
Al-Tabarani recorded it; its chain contains a narrator, Abdullah bin Shabib, who is da'if (weak).
وَعَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ قَالَ : كَانَ قُدُومُنَا عَلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - لِخَمْسٍ مِنَ الْهِجْرَةِ خَرَجْنَا مُتَوَصِّلِينَ مَعَ قُرَيْشٍ عَامَ الْأَحْزَابِ ، وَأَنَا مَعَ أَخِي الْفَضْلِ ، وَمَعَنَا غُلَامُنَا أَبُو رَافِعٍ حَتَّى انْتَهَيْنَا إِلَى الْعَرْجِ ، فَضَلَّ لَنَا فِي الطَّرِيقِ رَكُوبَةٌ وَأَخَذْنَا فِي ذَلِكَ الطَّرِيقِ عَلَى الْجَثْجَاثَةِ حَتَّى خَرَجْنَا عَلَى بَنِي عَمْرِو بْنِ عَوْفٍ حَتَّى دَخَلْنَا الْمَدِينَةَ ، فَوَجَدْنَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - فِي الْخَنْدَقِ ، وَأَنَا يَوْمَئِذٍ ابْنُ ثَمَانِ سِنِينَ ، وَأَخِي ابْنُ ثَلَاثَ عَشْرَةَ سَنَةً . رَوَاهُ الطَّبَرَانِيُّ فِي الْأَوْسَطِ مِنْ طَرِيقِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عُمَارَةَ الْأَنْصَارِيِّ عَنْ سُلَيْمَانَ بْنِ دَاوُدَ بْنِ الْحُصَيْنِ ، وَكِلَاهُمَا لَمْ يُوَثَّقْ وَلَمْ يُضَعَّفْ ، وَبَقِيَّةُ رِجَالِهِ ثِقَاتٌ .
Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Abbas (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates: We came to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) in the fifth year of the Hijrah. In the year of the Battle of the Confederates (al-Ahzab), we set out together with Quraysh. I was with my brother Sayyiduna al-Fadl (may Allah be pleased with him), and our slave Abu Rafi' was with us. When we reached the place called "al-Arj", our mount went astray on the way. We travelled that route by way of al-Jathjathah until we emerged at the quarter of Banu Amr bin Awf, then we entered Madinah. We found the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) at the trench. At that time I was eight years old, and my brother (Sayyiduna al-Fadl (may Allah be pleased with him)) was thirteen years old.
Al-Tabarani recorded it in al-Mu'jam al-Awsat by way of Abdullah bin Muhammad bin Umarah al-Ansari from Sulayman bin Dawud bin al-Husayn. Neither of the two has been declared trustworthy, nor have they been declared weak. The remaining narrators of this narration are thiqat (trustworthy).
Al-Tabarani recorded it in al-Mu'jam al-Awsat by way of Abdullah bin Muhammad bin Umarah al-Ansari from Sulayman bin Dawud bin al-Husayn. Neither of the two has been declared trustworthy, nor have they been declared weak. The remaining narrators of this narration are thiqat (trustworthy).
وَعَنْ صُهَيْبٍ أَنَّ الْمُشْرِكِينَ لَمَّا أَطَافُوا بِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - فَأَقْبَلُوا عَلَى الْغَارِ وَأَدْبَرُوا قَالَ : وَاصُهَيْبَاهُ وَلَا صُهَيْبَ لِي ، فَلَمَّا أَرَادَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - الْخُرُوجَ بَعَثَ أَبَا بَكْرٍ مَرَّتَيْنِ أَوْ ثَلَاثًا إِلَى صُهَيْبٍ فَوَجَدَهُ يُصَلِّي ، فَقَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ لِلنَّبِيِّ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - : وَجَدَتْهُ يُصَلِّي ; فَكَرِهْتُ أَنْ أَقْطَعَ عَلَيْهِ صَلَاتَهُ ، فَقَالَ : " أَصَبْتَ " . وَخَرَجَا مِنْ لَيْلَتِهِمَا ، فَلَمَّا أَصْبَحَا خَرَجَ حَتَّى إِذَا أَتَى أُمَّ رُومَانَ زَوْجَةَ أَبِي بَكْرٍ ، فَقَالَتْ : أَلَا أَرَاكَ هَاهُنَا وَقَدْ خَرَجَ أَخَوَاكَ وَوَضَعْنَا لَكَ شَيْئًا مِنْ أَزْوَادِهِمَا ؟ قَالَ : فَخَرَجْتُ حَتَّى أَتَيْتُ عَلَى زَوْجَتِي أُمِّ عَمْرٍو ، فَأَخَذَتْ سَيْفِي وَجُعْبَتِي وَقَوْسِي حَتَّى أَقْدَمَ عَلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - الْمَدِينَةَ ، فَأَجِدُهُ وَأَبَا بَكْرٍ جَالِسَيْنِ ، فَلَمَّا رَآنِي أَبُو بَكْرٍ قَامَ إِلَيَّ فَبَشَّرَنِي بِالْآيَةِ الَّتِي نَزَلَتْ فِيَّ وَأَخَذَ بِيَدِي ، فَلُمْتُهُ بَعْضَ اللَّائِمَةِ فَاعْتَذَرَ ، وَرَبَّحَنِي رَسُولُ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - : " رَبِحَ الْبَيْعُ " . رَوَاهُ الطَّبَرَانِيُّ ، وَفِيهِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ زَبَالَةَ ، وَهُوَ مَتْرُوكٌ .
Sayyiduna Suhayb (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates: When the polytheists were going around searching for the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) and coming and going near the cave, he said: "Alas for Suhayb! I do not have Suhayb with me." Then, when the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) intended to leave from there (that is, Makkah), he sent Sayyiduna Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) to Sayyiduna Suhayb (may Allah be pleased with him) two or perhaps three times. Sayyiduna Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) found him praying. Sayyiduna Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) submitted to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him): "I found him praying, and I did not like to make him cut his prayer short." The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "You did right." Then the two of them departed that same night. The next morning, Sayyiduna Suhayb (may Allah be pleased with him) set out and came to Sayyidah Umm Ruman (may Allah be pleased with her), the wife of Sayyiduna Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him). She said: "Are you to be seen here? Your two brothers have already left, and we had put some things for you in their provisions." Sayyiduna Suhayb (may Allah be pleased with him) says: So I set out and came to my wife Umm Amr. I took my sword, my quiver and my bow, until I came to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) in Madinah. I found the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) and Sayyiduna Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) sitting. When Sayyiduna Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) saw me, he got up, came to me and congratulated me on the verse that had been revealed about me. He took hold of my hand. I reproached him, and he apologised. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), declaring me successful, said: "The deal has succeeded."
Al-Tabarani recorded it; its chain contains a narrator, Muhammad bin al-Hasan bin Zabalah, who is matruk (abandoned).
Al-Tabarani recorded it; its chain contains a narrator, Muhammad bin al-Hasan bin Zabalah, who is matruk (abandoned).
