The duties of Friday, such as bathing, perfume and the like

Sayyiduna Abu Ayyub al-Ansari (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates: I heard the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) say: "Whoever takes a ritual bath (ghusl) on the day of Friday, applies some perfume if he has any, puts on his best clothes, then goes out until he comes to the mosque, offers voluntary prayers if he sees fit, does not harm anyone in the meantime, and then remains silent until (he offers the Friday prayer in congregation), that will be an expiation for him for the sins between this Friday and the next Friday." In one narration the words are: "Then he goes out with tranquillity upon him (that is, walking calmly) until he comes to the mosque." Ahmad and al-Tabarani in al-Mu'jam al-Kabir recorded all of these narrations, and its narrators are thiqat (trustworthy).

Sayyiduna Abu al-Darda' (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates: The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Whoever takes a ritual bath (ghusl) on the day of Friday, puts on his best clothes, applies perfume if he has any, then walks on foot to the Friday prayer, going calmly, does not step over anyone, does not harm anyone, offers as many voluntary prayers as are destined for him, and then keeps waiting until the imam finishes, his sins between the two Fridays are forgiven."
Ahmad and al-Tabarani in al-Mu'jam al-Kabir recorded it from Harb bin Qays, from Sayyiduna Abu al-Darda'. The narrator named Harb did not hear from Sayyiduna Abu al-Darda'.

Ata' al-Khurasani narrates: Sayyiduna Nubayshah al-Hudhali (may Allah be pleased with him) used to narrate this hadith from the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him): "When a Muslim takes a ritual bath (ghusl) on the day of Friday, then comes to the mosque and does not harm anyone, if he finds that the imam has not yet come, he offers as many voluntary prayers as he sees fit; and if the imam has already come, he sits down, listens attentively (to the sermon) and remains silent until the imam completes his Friday prayer and his speech. Then, if all his sins of that Friday have not been forgiven, it becomes an expiation for the sins up to the following Friday."
Ahmad recorded it, and its narrators are the narrators of the Sahih, except for Ahmad's teacher, and he is thiqah (trustworthy).

Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Amr bin al-As (may Allah be pleased with him) reports this saying of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him): "Whoever washes his head and takes a ritual bath (ghusl), comes close (to the imam), goes early and listens attentively to the sermon, for every step he takes he receives the reward of a year of standing in prayer (that is, offering voluntary prayers) and of fasting." (Al-Haythami says:) I say: Abu Dawud has recorded two hadiths from this Companion other than this one.
Ahmad recorded it, and its narrators are the narrators of the Sahih.

Sayyiduna Abu Sa'id al-Khudri (may Allah be pleased with him) reports this saying of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him): "When a person performs ablution (wudu) and performs it well, then comes to the Friday prayer, does not engage in idle talk or behave ignorantly until the imam finishes (the prayer), this becomes an expiation for that person's sins (between) this Friday and the following Friday. And in Friday there is an hour in which, whatever a believing servant asks of Allah Almighty, Allah Almighty grants it to him. And the obligatory prayers are an expiation for the sins committed between them." (Al-Haythami says:) I say:
Abu Dawud recorded this narration in abridged form.
Ahmad, al-Bazzar and al-Tabarani in al-Mu'jam al-Awsat recorded it, except that he added these words: "If he sees fit, he offers some voluntary prayers; then this becomes an expiation for his sins between this Friday and the next Friday, and (an expiation for the sins) of three more days." The chain of this narration contains a narrator, Atiyyah, about whom there has been much criticism.

It is reported about Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) that a man asked him about taking a ritual bath (ghusl) on the day of Friday: Is it obligatory? He said: No. But how did (the command of) the bath begin? I will tell you about that. In earlier times people were poor; they wore woollen clothing and watered the date palms by carrying (water) on their backs. The mosque of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) was small and its roof was low. The people came wearing woollen clothing and they sweated. The pulpit of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) was also short; it had three steps. When the people sweated in their woollen clothing, their odour spread and they were bothered by one another, until their odour reached the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) as well, while he was seated on the pulpit. He said: "O people! When you come to the Friday prayer, take a bath, and if a person has it with him, he should apply the finest perfume." (Al-Haythami says:) I say: Part of it is reported in the Sahih.
Ahmad recorded it, and its narrators are the narrators of the Sahih.

A Companion from among the Ansar reports this saying of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him): "It is a duty upon every Muslim to take a ritual bath (ghusl) on the day of Friday, to use the tooth-stick (miswak) and to apply perfume if his family has some."
Ahmad recorded it, and its narrators are the narrators of the Sahih.

Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) narrates: The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Whoever washes his head and takes a ritual bath (ghusl) on the day of Friday, then comes close to where he can hear the imam's sermon, and when the imam comes he listens attentively to the sermon and remains silent until he offers the prayer behind the imam, then for every single step he takes, the reward of a year's worship, that is, of a year's standing in prayer and fasting, is recorded for him."
Al-Bazzar recorded it, and al-Tabarani recorded it in al-Mu'jam al-Awsat; its chain contains a narrator, Ata' bin Ajlan, who is kadhdhab (a liar).

Sayyiduna Thawban (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates: The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "It is a duty upon every Muslim to use the tooth-stick (miswak) and to take a ritual bath (ghusl) on the day of Friday, and if his family has perfume, it is a duty upon him to apply it as well."
Al-Bazzar recorded it; its chain contains a narrator, Yazid bin Rabi'ah, whom al-Bukhari (may Allah have mercy on him) and al-Nasa'i (may Allah have mercy on him) declared da'if (weak). Ibn Adi says: I hope there is no harm in him.

Sayyiduna Abu Ayyub al-Ansari (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates: The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "O community of Muslims! Whoever among you comes to offer the Friday prayer should take a ritual bath (ghusl), and if he has perfume, there is no harm upon him if he applies it; and using the tooth-stick (miswak) is a duty upon you."
Al-Tabarani recorded it in al-Mu'jam al-Kabir; its chain contains a narrator, Mu'awiyah bin Yahya al-Sadafi, about whom there has been much criticism.

Sayyiduna Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates: On one Friday the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "O community of Muslims! Indeed this is a day which Allah Almighty has made a festival (Eid) for you, so take a ritual bath (ghusl), and using the tooth-stick (miswak) is a duty upon you."
Al-Tabarani recorded it in al-Mu'jam al-Awsat and al-Mu'jam al-Saghir, and its narrators are thiqat (trustworthy).

Sayyiduna Buraydah (may Allah be pleased with him) reports this saying of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him): "Whoever comes to the Friday prayer should take a ritual bath (ghusl)."
Al-Bazzar recorded it.

Imam al-Tabarani recorded this narration from this Companion in al-Mu'jam al-Awsat: (He said:) The Messenger of Allah commanded us to take a ritual bath (ghusl) on one day of every week. The narrator said: What is meant by this is that we should do so on Friday. The chains of both these narrations contain a narrator, Zakariyya bin Yahya. Al-Uqayli said: His hadith is not corroborated. Imam al-Dhahabi said: He narrated a good hadith from him. Ibn Hibban mentioned this narrator in the book "al-Thiqat" and said: He makes mistakes.

Sayyidah Aishah (may Allah be pleased with her) narrates this saying of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him): "Whoever comes to the Friday prayer should take a ritual bath (ghusl)."
Imam al-Bazzar recorded this narration. Its chain contains a narrator, Abd al-Wahid bin Maymun Abu Hamzah, whom Imam al-Bukhari (may Allah have mercy on him) and Imam al-Daraqutni (may Allah have mercy on him) declared da'if (weak).

Sayyiduna Jabir narrates this saying of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him): "Taking a ritual bath (ghusl) on Friday is obligatory upon every adult."
Imam al-Tabarani recorded this narration in al-Mu'jam al-Awsat. Its chain contains a narrator, Abdullah bin Muhammad bin Sa'id bin Abi Maryam, who is extremely da'if (weak).

Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Mas'ud (may Allah be pleased with him) said: "It is part of the Sunnah that a ritual bath (ghusl) be taken on Friday."
Imam al-Bazzar recorded this narration, and its narrators are thiqat (trustworthy).

Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Umar said: Taking a ritual bath (ghusl) on Friday is Sunnah.
Imam al-Tabarani recorded this narration in al-Mu'jam al-Kabir. Its chain contains a narrator, Abu Bahr al-Bakrawi. Imam Ahmad said: People discarded his hadith. Some said: His hadith may be written down. Yahya bin Ma'in and others declared him da'if (weak).

Sayyiduna Abdullah bin al-Zubayr (may Allah be pleased with them both) narrates that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Whoever comes to the Friday prayer should take a ritual bath (ghusl)."
Imam al-Tabarani recorded this narration in al-Mu'jam al-Kabir. Its chain contains a narrator, Ibrahim bin Yazid; I think he is al-Khuzi, because he belongs to his generation (tabaqah) and narrated from the Tabi'in, and he is matruk (abandoned).

Sayyiduna Sahl bin Hunayf (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates this saying of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him): "Among the rights of Friday are using the tooth-stick (miswak) and taking a ritual bath (ghusl); and whoever finds perfume should apply some of it."
Imam al-Tabarani recorded this narration in al-Mu'jam al-Kabir. Its chain contains a narrator, Yazid bin Iyad, and he is a kadhdhab (liar).

Sayyiduna Abu Umamah (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Take a ritual bath (ghusl) on Friday, for whoever takes a ritual bath on Friday, it becomes an expiation for (the sins committed) between that Friday and the next Friday, and three more days."
Imam al-Tabarani recorded this narration in al-Mu'jam al-Kabir and al-Mu'jam al-Awsat. Its chain contains a narrator, Suwayd bin Abd al-Aziz, whom Imam Ahmad, Yahya bin Ma'in and others declared da'if (weak), while Duhaym and others declared him thiqah (trustworthy).

Sayyiduna Abu Malik (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Friday becomes an expiation for (the sins committed) between it and the Friday that follows it, and three more days. The reason for this is that Allah Almighty has said: 'Whoever brings a good deed will have ten times its like.'"
Imam al-Tabarani recorded this narration in al-Mu'jam al-Kabir. Its chain contains a narrator, Muhammad bin Isma'il bin Ayyash, who narrated it from his father. Imam Abu Hatim said: He did not hear anything from his father.

Sayyiduna Salman al-Farisi (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "O Salman! Do you know what the day of Friday is?" I said: It is the day on which Allah Almighty gathered your father (the narrator is unsure whether the words were:) your parents (that is, Sayyiduna Adam and Sayyidah Hawwa, peace be upon them). The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "No, but I will tell you about the day of Friday. Any Muslim who purifies himself, puts on his finest clothes and applies perfume, if he has perfume, and otherwise water suffices, then comes to the mosque and remains silent until the imam comes, then prays, this becomes an expiation for him for the sins between that Friday and the next Friday, as long as killing has been avoided, and this virtue holds for all time." (Allamah al-Haythami says:) I say: Imam al-Nasa'i (may Allah have mercy on him) recorded part of it. Imam al-Tabarani recorded it in al-Mu'jam al-Kabir, and its chain is hasan (good).

Sayyiduna Salman al-Farisi (may Allah be pleased with him) said: The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "O Salman! What is the day of Friday?" I said: Allah and His Messenger know best. This exchange took place three times. Then Sayyiduna Salman said: The day of Friday is the day on which your father (the narrator is unsure whether the words were:) your parents (that is, Sayyiduna Adam and Sayyidah Hawwa, peace be upon them) were gathered. After this he narrated something similar to it, and its narrators are thiqat (trustworthy).

Sayyiduna Abu Bakr al-Siddiq (may Allah be pleased with him) and Sayyiduna Imran bin Husayn (may Allah be pleased with him) narrate that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Whoever takes a ritual bath (ghusl) on Friday, his sins and his faults are removed from him. When he sets out walking, twenty good deeds are recorded for him in return for every single step. When he finishes the prayer, he is rewarded with the deeds of two hundred years."
Imam al-Tabarani recorded this narration in al-Mu'jam al-Kabir and al-Mu'jam al-Awsat. Its chain contains a narrator, al-Dahhak bin Humrah, whom Yahya bin Ma'in and Imam al-Nasa'i (may Allah have mercy on him) declared da'if (weak). Ibn Hibban mentioned him in the book "al-Thiqat".

Sayyiduna Abu Bakr al-Siddiq (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Whoever takes a ritual bath (ghusl) on Friday, his sins and his faults are forgiven. When he walks to the Friday prayer, he receives, in return for every single step, the reward of twenty years of deeds. When he finishes offering the Friday prayer, he is rewarded with the deeds of two hundred years."
Imam al-Tabarani recorded this narration in al-Mu'jam al-Awsat. Its chain contains a narrator, Abbad bin Abd al-Samad Abu Ma'mar, whom Imam al-Bukhari (may Allah have mercy on him) and Ibn Hibban declared da'if (weak).

Sayyiduna Abu Umamah (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates this saying of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him): "Taking a ritual bath (ghusl) on Friday draws out sins even from the roots of the hair."
Imam al-Tabarani recorded this narration in al-Mu'jam al-Kabir, and its narrators are thiqat (trustworthy).

Abdullah bin Abi Qatadah said: My father came to me while I was taking a ritual bath on Friday. He asked: Is this bath for major ritual impurity (janabah), or is it the bath for Friday? I replied: It is the bath for janabah. He said: Take another bath, for I heard the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) say: "Whoever takes a ritual bath (ghusl) on Friday remains in a state of purity until the next Friday."
Imam al-Tabarani recorded this narration in al-Mu'jam al-Awsat. Its chain contains a narrator, Harun bin Muslim. Abu Hatim said: There is some weakness in him. Imam al-Hakim (may Allah have mercy on him) and Ibn Hibban declared him thiqah (trustworthy), and the rest of the narrators of this narration are thiqat (trustworthy).

Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Umar narrates this saying of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him): "Whoever takes a ritual bath (ghusl) on Friday, then applies the best perfume he has and puts on his finest clothes, then goes and does not separate two people until he reaches his place, then remains silent until the imam finishes his sermon, his sins between the two Fridays and three more days are forgiven."
Imam al-Tabarani recorded this narration in al-Mu'jam al-Awsat. Its chain contains a narrator, Muhammad bin Abd al-Rahman bin Rawwad, and he is da'if (weak).

Sayyiduna Aws bin Anas (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates this saying of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him): "Whoever on Friday morning washes his head and takes a ritual bath, goes early, walks and does not ride, draws near and does not engage in idle talk, is given in return for every single step the reward of one of the righteous deeds, namely fasting and prayer." (Allamah al-Haythami says:) I say: A hadith similar to this is narrated from him and is mentioned in the "Sunan", but it is other than this narration. The chain of this narration contains a narrator, Salih al-Adani; I have not found anyone who gave his biography, and the rest of the narrators of this narration are thiqat (trustworthy).