The science of lineage

Sayyiduna Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Learn about your lineage, so that through it you may treat your relatives well."
Tabarani recorded it in al-Mu'jam al-Awsat; its chain contains the narrator Abu al-Asbat Bishr bin Rafi', whose weakness the scholars of hadith agree upon.

Sayyiduna al-Ala' bin Kharijah (may Allah be pleased with him) reports this saying of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him): "Learn about your lineages, so that through it you may treat your relatives well." After that he mentioned the complete hadith; this complete report will come in the chapter on maintaining ties of kinship.
Tabarani recorded it in al-Mu'jam al-Kabir, and its narrators have been declared trustworthy.

Sayyiduna Mu'awiyah bin al-Hakam (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates that he came to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) and said: "O Messenger of Allah! I am about to ask you about something which I will not ask anyone about after you. Who is our father (that is, the forefather of mankind)?" The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Sayyiduna Adam (peace be upon him)." He asked: "Who is our mother?" The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Sayyidah Hawwa' (Eve) (may Allah be pleased with her)." He asked: "Who is the forefather of the jinn?" The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Iblis." He asked: "Who is their mother?" The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "His wife."
Tabarani recorded it in al-Mu'jam al-Awsat; its chain contains the narrator Talhah bin Zayd, whom Imam Bukhari (may Allah have mercy on him) and Imam Ahmad declared weak, and Ibn Hibban mentioned him in his book al-Thiqat.

Sayyiduna Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "The children of Sayyiduna Nuh (peace be upon him) are these: Sam, Ham and Yafith. The descendants of Sam are the Arabs, the Persians and the Romans, and goodness is in them. The descendants of Yafith are Ya'juj and Ma'juj (Gog and Magog), the Turks and the Saqalibah (Slavs), and there is no goodness in them. And the descendants of Ham are the Copts, the Berbers and the black peoples."
Al-Bazzar recorded it; its chain contains the narrator Muhammad bin Yazid bin Sinan al-Ruhawi, who narrated it from his father. Ibn Hibban declared the narrator Muhammad trustworthy, Abu Hatim said he is saduq (truthful), and Yahya bin Ma'in and Imam Bukhari (may Allah have mercy on him) declared him weak. Abu Hatim declared the narrator Yazid bin Sinan trustworthy, saying: "His status is that of truthfulness." Imam Bukhari (may Allah have mercy on him) said: "He is muqarib al-hadith (fair in hadith)," and Yahya and a group declared him weak.

Sayyiduna Imran bin Husayn (may Allah be pleased with him) and Sayyiduna Samurah bin Jundub (may Allah be pleased with him) report this saying of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him): "Sayyiduna Nuh (peace be upon him) had three sons: Sam is the forefather of the Arabs, Ham is the forefather of the Abyssinians, and Yafith is the forefather of the Romans."
Tabarani recorded it in al-Mu'jam al-Kabir, and its narrators have been declared trustworthy.

Sayyidah Umm Salamah (may Allah be pleased with her), the honoured wife of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), narrates: I heard the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) say: "Ma'add bin Adnan bin Udd bin Udad bin Zayd bin Bara' bin A'raq al-Thara." Sayyidah Umm Salamah (may Allah be pleased with her) says: Then the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Allah Almighty destroyed the people of Ad, the people of Thamud, the Companions of al-Rass, and many other generations between them whom only Allah Almighty knows." Sayyidah Umm Salamah (may Allah be pleased with her) used to say: "Ma'add is Ma'add, Adnan is Adnan, Udad is Udad, and Zayd is Ibn Humaysa', and Bara' is Tibt, and A'raq al-Thara is Isma'il bin Ibrahim."
Tabarani recorded it in al-Mu'jam al-Saghir; its chain contains the narrator Abd al-Aziz bin Imran, who is from the descendants of Sayyiduna Abd al-Rahman bin Awf. Imam Bukhari (may Allah have mercy on him) and a group declared him weak, and Ibn Hibban mentioned him in his book al-Thiqat.

Sayyidah Aishah (may Allah be pleased with her) said: "People's lineage is sound up to Ma'add bin Adnan."
Tabarani recorded it in al-Mu'jam al-Awsat; its chain contains the narrator Ibn Ishaq, and he is a mudallis (one who conceals defects in the chain).

Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) narrates: A man asked the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) about Saba': what is it? Is it a man? Or a woman? Or a land? The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "It is a man who had ten children; six of them settled in Yemen and four of them settled in Syria. Those who lived in Yemen are: Madhhij, Kindah, al-Azd, the Ash'ariyyun, Anmar and Himyar, all of them Arabs. Those of Syria are: Lakhm, Judham, Amilah and Ghassan."
Ahmad (in his Musnad) and Tabarani in al-Mu'jam al-Kabir recorded it; its chain contains the narrator Ibn Lahi'ah, and he is da'if (weak). (Allamah Haythami says:) I say: The report narrated by Yazid bin Husayn will come later, in the chapter on Surah Saba', and it is more authentic than this report.

Sayyiduna Amr bin Murrah al-Juhani (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates: I heard the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) say: "Whoever here is from Ma'add, let him stand up." The narrator says: I stood up, and he (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Sit down!" This happened three times; each time I stood up and he (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Sit down!" When it happened the third time, I said: "O Messenger of Allah! To whom do we belong (by lineage)?" He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "O people of the tribe of Quda'ah! You belong to Himyar." Sayyiduna Amr (may Allah be pleased with him) says: I kept this hadith hidden for twenty years.
Ahmad, Abu Ya'la and al-Bazzar (each in his Musnad) and Tabarani in al-Mu'jam al-Kabir recorded it. Tabarani recorded several routes of it, one of which has the words: "I said: 'O Messenger of Allah! To whom do we belong (by lineage)?' The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: 'You belong to the open hand and the satisfying morsel (perhaps meaning being hospitable and generous): to Himyar.'" The chain of this report contains the narrator Ibn Lahi'ah.

Sayyiduna Amr bin Murrah al-Juhani (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates: Once we were with the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) when he said: "Whoever here is from Ma'add, let him stand up." Sayyiduna Amr bin Murrah (may Allah be pleased with him) stood up, and the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said to him: "Sit down!" So he sat down. Then the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Whoever from Ma'add is present here, let him stand up." Sayyiduna Amr bin Murrah (may Allah be pleased with him) stood up, and the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said to him: "Sit down!" After that he (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Whoever from Ma'add is present here, let him stand up." Sayyiduna Amr bin Murrah (may Allah be pleased with him) stood up, and the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Sit down!" He said: "O Messenger of Allah! To whom do we belong?" The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "You belong to (the descendants of) Quda'ah bin Malik bin Himyar, which is a well-known lineage, not a disputed one." Sayyiduna Amr bin Murrah (may Allah be pleased with him) says: I kept this report hidden until, during the caliphate of Sayyiduna Mu'awiyah (may Allah be pleased with him), he sent a message summoning me and said: "Would you be interested in climbing the pulpit and mentioning Quda'ah bin Ma'add bin Adnan? In return, I will keep giving you the land-tax of the two Iraqs (that is, Kufah and Basrah) and of Egypt for the rest of my life." Sayyiduna Amr bin Murrah (may Allah be pleased with him) said: "Very well." So it was announced: "Let the people gather!" The people gathered, and Sayyiduna Amr bin Murrah (may Allah be pleased with him) came, stepping over the people's necks, and climbed the pulpit. After praising and extolling Allah Almighty, he said: "O people! Whoever knows me knows me, and whoever does not know me, I am Amr bin Murrah al-Juhani. Mu'awiyah bin Abi Sufyan summoned me so that I would climb the pulpit and mention Quda'ah bin Ma'add bin Adnan: Indeed, we are the descendants of the bright and radiant elder, Quda'ah bin Malik bin Himyar, which is a well-known lineage and not a disputed one." Then he came down from the pulpit, and Sayyiduna Mu'awiyah (may Allah be pleased with him) said to him: "O breaker of promises! What have you done?" He said this three times. Sayyiduna Amr bin Murrah al-Juhani (may Allah be pleased with him) said: "It is what you have seen, O Commander of the Believers!" Then Sayyiduna Amr's (may Allah be pleased with him) son Zuhayr went after him and said to him: "O my father! There would be no harm to you if you obeyed the Commander of the Believers; he would keep giving you the land-tax of the two Iraqs (that is, Kufah and Basrah) and of Egypt for life." So Sayyiduna Amr (may Allah be pleased with him) recited these verses: "O Zuhayr! Had I obeyed you, you would have clothed me before the people in broad daylight with the mantle of disgrace. Our forefather is Qahtan, to whom we are attributed, and Abu Khuzaymah is Khindif bin Nizar. Is the one who sheds his leaves among the people in the dark of night more excusable, or the one who does so by day? Shall we sell the father to whom we are attributed for the forefather of various groups who is hidden and concealed? That would be a bargain like gold being sold for clods and stones."
Tabarani recorded it in al-Mu'jam al-Kabir; its chain contains the narrator Dalhath bin Dawud. Al-Azdi said: "What he narrates from his forefathers is not authentic." (Allamah Haythami says:) This hadith is also among what he narrated from his forefathers.

Al-Rabi' bin Sabrah reports this statement of his father: I was present with the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) when he (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Whoever (of the descendants) of Ma'add is present here, let him stand up." Sayyiduna Amr bin Murrah (may Allah be pleased with him) stood up, and the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said to him: "Sit down!" This happened three times; then the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Quda'ah belongs to Himyar."
Tabarani recorded it in al-Mu'jam al-Kabir, and its narrators are the narrators of the Sahih, except for Muhammad bin Abi Ubayd al-Darawardi, the father of Abd al-Aziz, whose case is different; I have not seen anyone mention him.

Abu Ushshanah narrates: I heard Sayyiduna Uqbah bin Amir (may Allah be pleased with him) say on the pulpit: "The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) came to Madinah while I was grazing my goats. I left the goats and came to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), and I said: 'O Messenger of Allah! Take my pledge of allegiance.' The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) asked: 'Which family do you belong to?' I told him (peace and blessings be upon him), and the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) asked: 'Which is dearer to you: the pledge of emigration (hijrah), or the pledge of remaining a bedouin?' I said: 'The pledge of emigration,' and he (peace and blessings be upon him) took my pledge. One day the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: 'Whoever (of the descendants) of Ma'add is present here, let him stand up.' So I stood up, and he (peace and blessings be upon him) said: 'Sit down!' Then he (peace and blessings be upon him) said: 'Whoever here is from Ma'add, let him stand up.' I stood up, and he (peace and blessings be upon him) said: 'Sit down!' He (peace and blessings be upon him) said the same thing a third time, and I stood up, and he (peace and blessings be upon him) said: 'Sit down!' I said: 'O Messenger of Allah! Which family do we belong to?' He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: 'You belong to Quda'ah bin Malik bin Himyar.'"
Tabarani recorded it in al-Mu'jam al-Kabir; its chain contains the narrator Ibn Lahi'ah, and he is da'if (weak). His teacher is Ma'ruf bin Suwayd, and I have not seen anyone mention him.

Sayyiduna al-Jafshish al-Kindi (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates: Some people from Kindah came to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) and said: "You belong to our family," and they made this claim. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "We do not trace our lineage through our mother, nor do we disown our father; we are among the descendants of al-Nadr bin Kinanah."
Tabarani recorded it in al-Mu'jam al-Kabir and al-Mu'jam al-Saghir; its chain contains the narrator Isma'il bin Amr al-Bajali, whom Abu Hatim and al-Daraqutni declared weak, while Ibn Hibban declared him trustworthy; the remaining narrators of this report are thiqat (trustworthy). (Allamah Haythami says:) I say: Many reports relating to lineage, deaths, names and kunyahs will come later at the end of the chapter on "the virtues of the Companions".