The report of those who narrated the prohibition of the adhan before its time

(a) It is narrated from Sayyiduna Ibn Umar (may Allah be pleased with them both) that Sayyiduna Bilal (may Allah be pleased with him) gave the adhan before the break of dawn, so the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) ordered him to go back and announce: "Behold, the servant was asleep! Behold, the servant was asleep!" He said it three times. (b) In the hadith of Musa bin Isma'il: "Behold, the servant was asleep." In this hadith, Hammad bin Salamah is alone in narrating it from Ayyub with a connected chain.
It is also narrated from Sa'id bin Zarbi from Ayyub, except that Sa'id is da'if (weak). The narration of Hammad is solitary, and the hadith of Ubaydullah bin Umar from Nafi' from Ibn Umar is more authentic than it, and with it is the narration of al-Zuhri from Salim from his father.

Ali bin al-Madini (may Allah have mercy on him) says that Hammad (may Allah have mercy on him) erred in this hadith, and the correct one is the hadith of Ubaydullah (may Allah have mercy on him), meaning 'from Nafi'', and the hadith of al-Zuhri (may Allah have mercy on him) 'from Salim'.

(a) Muhammad bin Yahya said: The hadith of Hammad bin Salamah from Ayyub from Nafi' from Sayyiduna Ibn Umar (may Allah be pleased with them both), that Bilal (may Allah be pleased with him) gave the adhan before the break of dawn, is shadh (anomalous) and does not sit well with the heart; it is contrary to what people narrate from Sayyiduna Ibn Umar (may Allah be pleased with them both).
(b) The Shaykh says that Ma'mar bin Rashid narrated it from Ayyub, that Sayyiduna Bilal (may Allah be pleased with him) once gave the adhan at night, and he narrated it as mursal. It is also narrated from Abd al-Aziz bin Abi Rawwad from Nafi' as a connected narration, and it is da'if (weak) and not authentic.

It is narrated from Sayyiduna Ibn Umar (may Allah be pleased with them both) that Sayyiduna Bilal (may Allah be pleased with him) gave the adhan at night. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said to him: "What made you do this (adhan)?" He said: I woke up while drowsy and thought that the dawn had broken, so I gave the adhan. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) ordered him to announce three times in Madinah: "The servant had fallen asleep." Then he seated him at his side until the dawn broke, then he said: "Now stand up." He says: Then the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) prayed the two rak'ahs of Fajr.
Amir bin Mudrik also narrated it from Abd al-Aziz with a connected chain in abridged form, and that is an error (wahm); the correct one is the narration of Shu'ayb bin Harb.

(a) Nafi' narrates from the muezzin of Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him), who was called Masruh, that he gave the adhan before the morning, so Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) ordered him, and he narrated the hadith like the narration of Hammad bin Salamah.
(b) It is narrated from Sayyiduna Umar bin al-Khattab (may Allah be pleased with him): Give the adhan for the morning early, so that the night traveller may set out and the one at home may go out. Imam Abu Dawud (may Allah have mercy on him) says: Hammad bin Zayd narrated from Ubaydullah bin Umar, from Nafi' or someone else, that Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) had an appointed muezzin whose name was Masruh or someone else.
(c) Al-Darawardi narrated from Ubaydullah bin Umar, from Nafi', from Sayyiduna Ibn Umar (may Allah be pleased with them both), that Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) had a muezzin whose name was Mas'ud. He also narrated it like the previous narration.
(d) Imam Abu Dawud (may Allah have mercy on him) says: This narration concerning Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) is more authentic.

Shaddad, who was the freed slave of Iyad, says that Sayyiduna Bilal (may Allah be pleased with him) came to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) while he was taking sahur. He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Do not give the adhan until you see the dawn." Then he came the next day, and he (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Do not give the adhan until the dawn has broken." Then he came the next day, and he (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Do not give the adhan until you see the dawn like this", and he joined his hands together, then separated them. Imam Abu Dawud (may Allah have mercy on him) says: The meeting of Shaddad, the freed slave of Iyad, with Sayyiduna Bilal (may Allah be pleased with him) is not established. Abu Ali al-Rudhbari narrated this from Abu Dawud through Abu Bakr bin Dasah.
The Shaykh says: It has also been narrated through some other chains, all of which are weak; we have explained their weakness in Kitab al-Khilaf. The hadith of Humayd bin Hilal and others is mursal.
This is mursal.

It is narrated from Humayd that Sayyiduna Bilal (may Allah be pleased with him) gave the adhan at night. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Go back to your place and announce three times that the servant had fallen asleep." He was saying: Would that Bilal's mother had not given birth to him! And he soaked his forehead with sprinklings of blood, and he announced three times: "The servant had fallen asleep."
Thus a group narrated it from Humayd bin Hilal as mursal, and the authentic hadiths mentioned earlier, together with the practice of the people of the two Sanctuaries, are more deserving of acceptance than it.

Shu'ayb bin Harb says: I said to Imam Malik bin Anas (may Allah have mercy on him): Did the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) not order Bilal (may Allah be pleased with him) to repeat the adhan? He said: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Bilal (may Allah be pleased with him) gives the adhan at night, so eat and drink." I said: Did he (peace and blessings be upon him) not order him to repeat the adhan? He said: No, among us the adhan (for Fajr) has always been given at night.