السنن الكبرى للبيهقي
Sunan al-Kubra al-Bayhaqi
كتاب الصلاة
Book of Prayer
باب: القدر الذي كان بين أذان بلال وابن أم مكتوم ورواية من قدم أذان ابن أم مكتوم على أذان بلال
The interval between the adhans of Bilal and Ibn Umm Maktum, and the report of those who placed Ibn Umm Maktum's adhan before Bilal's
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أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو الْحَسَنِ عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ عَبْدَانَ أنا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ عُبَيْدٍ الصَّفَّارُ ثنا إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللهِ ثنا سُلَيْمَانُ بْنُ حَرْبٍ ثنا شُعْبَةُ، حَدَّثَنِي خُبَيْبُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ، قَالَ: سَمِعْتُ عَمَّتِي وَكَانَتْ قَدْ حَجَّتْ مَعَ رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَتْ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: " إِنَّ بِلَالًا يُؤَذِّنُ بِلَيْلٍ فَكُلُوا وَاشْرَبُوا حَتَّى يُؤَذِّنَ ابْنُ أُمِّ مَكْتُومٍ " أَوْ قَالَ: " إِنَّ ابْنَ أُمِّ مَكْتُومٍ يُؤَذِّنُ بِلَيْلٍ فَكُلُوا وَاشْرَبُوا حَتَّى يُؤَذِّنَ بِلَالٌ " قَالَتْ: وَكَانَ يَصْعَدُ هَذَا وَيَنْزِلُ هَذَا فَكُنَّا نَتَعَلَّقُ بِهِ فَنَقُولُ: كَمَا أَنْتَ حَتَّى نَتَسَحَّرَ. وَأَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ أَنَا أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ إِسْحَاقَ الْفَقِيهُ قَالَ: فَإِنْ صَحَّ رِوَايَةُ أَبِي عَمْرٍو وَغَيْرُهُ فَقَدْ يَجُوزُ أَنْ يَكُونَ بَيْنَ ابْنِ أُمِّ مَكْتُومٍ وَبَيْنَ بِلَالٍ نُوَبٌ فَكَانَ بِلَالٌ إِذَا كَانَتْ نَوْبَتُهُ أَذَّنَ بِلَيْلٍ وَكَانَ ابْنُ أُمِّ مَكْتُومٍ إِذَا كَانَتْ نَوْبَتُهُ أَذَّنَ بِلَيْلٍ وَهَذَا جَائِزٌ صَحِيحٌ وَإِنْ لَمْ يَصِحَّ فَقَدْ صَحَّ خَبَرُ ابْنِ عَمْرِو بْنِ مَسْعُودٍ وَسَمُرَةَ وَعَائِشَةَ أَنَّ بِلَالًا كَانَ يُؤَذِّنُ بِلَيْلٍ قَالَ الشَّيْخُ: وَقَدْ رُوِيَ فِي حَدِيثِ عُرْوَةَ، عَنْ عَائِشَةَ تَقْدِيمُ أَذَانِ ابْنِ أُمِّ مَكْتُومٍ.
Khubayb bin Abd al-Rahman says: I heard my aunt Unaysah (may Allah be pleased with her), who had performed Hajj with the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), say that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Bilal (may Allah be pleased with him) gives the adhan at night, so eat and drink until Ibn Umm Maktum gives the adhan." Or he said: "Ibn Umm Maktum (may Allah be pleased with him) gives the adhan at night, so eat and drink until Bilal (may Allah be pleased with him) gives the adhan." She said: This one would go up and that one would come down, and we would cling to him and say: "Stay as you are until we have taken our sahur."
Abu Bakr bin Ishaq al-Faqih (may Allah have mercy on him) says: If the narration of Abu Amr and others is authentic, then it is possible that Sayyiduna Ibn Umm Maktum and Bilal (may Allah be pleased with them both) had turns between them: when it was the turn of Sayyiduna Bilal (may Allah be pleased with him), he would give the adhan at night, and when it was the turn of Sayyiduna Ibn Umm Maktum (may Allah be pleased with him), he would give the adhan at night.
This is permissible and sound. And if it is not authentic, then the report of Sayyiduna Ibn Umar (may Allah be pleased with them both), Ibn Mas'ud, Samurah (may Allah be pleased with them) and Sayyidah Aishah (may Allah be pleased with her) is authentic, that Bilal (may Allah be pleased with him) used to give the adhan at night.
The Shaykh (may Allah have mercy on him) says: In the hadith of Urwah from Sayyidah Aishah (may Allah be pleased with her), the adhan of Ibn Umm Maktum (may Allah be pleased with him) being first has been narrated.
Abu Bakr bin Ishaq al-Faqih (may Allah have mercy on him) says: If the narration of Abu Amr and others is authentic, then it is possible that Sayyiduna Ibn Umm Maktum and Bilal (may Allah be pleased with them both) had turns between them: when it was the turn of Sayyiduna Bilal (may Allah be pleased with him), he would give the adhan at night, and when it was the turn of Sayyiduna Ibn Umm Maktum (may Allah be pleased with him), he would give the adhan at night.
This is permissible and sound. And if it is not authentic, then the report of Sayyiduna Ibn Umar (may Allah be pleased with them both), Ibn Mas'ud, Samurah (may Allah be pleased with them) and Sayyidah Aishah (may Allah be pleased with her) is authentic, that Bilal (may Allah be pleased with him) used to give the adhan at night.
The Shaykh (may Allah have mercy on him) says: In the hadith of Urwah from Sayyidah Aishah (may Allah be pleased with her), the adhan of Ibn Umm Maktum (may Allah be pleased with him) being first has been narrated.
أَخْبَرَنَاهُ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ، وَأَبُو سَعِيدِ بْنُ أَبِي عَمْرٍو قَالَا: ثنا أَبُو الْعَبَّاسِ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ ثنا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِسْحَاقَ الصَّغَانِيُّ ثنا يَعْقُوبُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسَى الْمَدَنِيُّ ثنا عَبْدُ الْعَزِيزِ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ ثنا هِشَامُ بْنُ عُرْوَةَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ عَائِشَةَ، قَالَتْ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: " إِنَّ ابْنَ أُمِّ مَكْتُومٍ رَجُلٌ أَعْمَى فَإِذَا أَذَّنَ فَكُلُوا وَاشْرَبُوا حَتَّى يُؤَذِّنَ بِلَالٌ " قَالَتْ عَائِشَةُ: وَكَانَ بِلَالٌ يُبْصِرُ الْفَجْرَ. قَالَ هِشَامٌ: وَكَانَتْ عَائِشَةُ تَقُولُ: غَلَطَ ابْنُ عُمَرَ، كَذَا رُوِيَ بِإِسْنَادِهِ وَحَدِيثُ عُبَيْدِ اللهِ بْنِ عُمَرَ عَنِ الْقَاسِمِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ، عَنْ عَائِشَةَ أَصَحُّ وَرَوَاهُ الْوَاقِدِيُّ - وَلَيْسَ بِحُجَّةٍ - بِإِسْنَادٍ لَهُ عَنْ زَيْدِ بْنِ ثَابِتٍ.
(a) It is narrated from Sayyidah Aishah (may Allah be pleased with her) that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Ibn Umm Maktum is a blind man, so when he gives the adhan, eat and drink until Bilal (may Allah be pleased with him) gives the adhan." Sayyidah Aishah (may Allah be pleased with her) says: Bilal (may Allah be pleased with him) could see the dawn.
(b) Sayyidah Aishah (may Allah be pleased with her) used to say that Ibn Umar (may Allah be pleased with them both) erred.
The hadith of Ubaydullah bin Umar from al-Qasim bin Muhammad from Aishah is more authentic. Al-Waqidi, who is not a hujjah (proof), narrated it with a chain of his from Zayd bin Thabit.
(b) Sayyidah Aishah (may Allah be pleased with her) used to say that Ibn Umar (may Allah be pleased with them both) erred.
The hadith of Ubaydullah bin Umar from al-Qasim bin Muhammad from Aishah is more authentic. Al-Waqidi, who is not a hujjah (proof), narrated it with a chain of his from Zayd bin Thabit.
أَخْبَرَنَاهُ أَبُو زَكَرِيَّا يَحْيَى بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ يَحْيَى وَأَبُو صَادِقٍ ⦗٥٦٣⦘ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ أَبِي الْفَوَارِسِ قَالَا: ثنا أَبُو الْعَبَّاسِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ، ثنا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِسْحَاقَ الصَّغَانِيُّ ثنا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عُمَرَ الْوَاقِدِيُّ ثنا أُسَامَةُ بْنُ زَيْدٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ يَزِيدَ مَوْلَى الْأَسْوَدِ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ ثَوْبَانَ عَنْ زَيْدِ بْنِ ثَابِتٍ، أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ: " إِنَّ ابْنَ أُمِّ مَكْتُومٍ يُؤَذِّنُ بِلَيْلٍ فَكُلُوا وَاشْرَبُوا حَتَّى يُؤَذِّنَ بِلَالٌ " ".
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Zayd bin Thabit (may Allah be pleased with him) that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Ibn Umm Maktum gives the adhan at night, so eat and drink until Bilal (may Allah be pleased with him) gives the adhan."
أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو سَعِيدٍ يَحْيَى بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ يَحْيَى بْنِ الْحَاكِمِ، ثنا أَبُو بَحْرٍ الْبَرْبَهَارِيُّ ثنا بِشْرُ بْنُ مُوسَى ثنا الْحُمَيْدِيُّ، أنا سُفْيَانُ ثنا شَبِيبُ بْنُ غَرْقَدَةَ، أَنَّهُ سَمِعَ حَبَّانَ بْنَ الْحَارِثِ، يَقُولُ: أَتَيْتُ عَلِيَّ بْنَ أَبِي طَالِبٍ وَهُوَ مُعَسْكِرٌ بِدَيْرِ أَبِي مُوسَى فَوَجَدْتُهُ يَطْعَمُ فَقَالَ: ادْنُ فَكُلْ فَقُلْتُ: إِنِّي أُرِيدُ الصَّوْمَ فَقَالَ: " وَأَنَا أُرِيدُ الصَّوْمَ فَلَمَّا فَرَغَ مِنْ طَعَامِهِ قَالَ لِابْنِ التَّيَّاحِ: " أَقِمِ الصَّلَاةَ ".
Hibban bin al-Harith says: I came to Sayyiduna Ali bin Abi Talib (may Allah be pleased with him) while he was encamped with the army at Dayr Abi Musa. I found him eating, and he said: Come near and eat. I said: I intend to fast. He said: I too intended to fast. When he had finished his food, he said to Ibn al-Tayyah: Give the iqamah for the prayer.
