What renders the testimony of the people of innovation rejected

Some of our companions said: "What is meant by it is the open declaration, by one of them, of the denial of the attributes of Allah Almighty which the Book of Allah has mentioned, and whose affirmation the widely transmitted (mustafidah) Sunnah, together with the consensus of the predecessors (Salaf) of this ummah, has indicated, such as speech, power, knowledge and will; and (likewise the denial) that all actions are created by Allah Almighty. For reports have come declaring those who deny these to be disbelievers, and the predecessors of this ummah declared themselves free of the doctrine of the people of desires (the innovators) in these matters."

Ibn Umar (may Allah be pleased with them both) narrates from the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him): "The Qadariyyah are the Magians of this ummah. If they fall ill, do not visit them, and if they die, do not offer their funeral prayer."

Sayyiduna Hudhayfah (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates from the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) that he (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Every ummah has its Magians, and the Magians of this ummah are the Qadariyyah (i.e. those who deny divine decree). Do not visit them when they are ill, and do not attend their funerals. They are the faction of the Dajjal, and it is a duty upon Allah to join them with him."
What has been narrated explicitly from Ibn Umar and Hudhayfah about declaring the Qadariyyah disbelievers is clearly indicated in the established hadith that Sayyiduna Ibn Umar (may Allah be pleased with them both) narrates from his father, from the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), about faith, together with Ibn Umar's disavowal of those who deny divine decree.

Abdullah bin Buraydah (may Allah have mercy on him) narrates from Yahya bin Ya'mar (may Allah have mercy on him): The first person to deny divine decree (qadar) in Basrah was Ma'bad al-Juhani. Humayd bin Abd al-Rahman (may Allah have mercy on him) and I set out for Hajj. When we arrived, we said: We will ask the Companions (may Allah be pleased with them) about those who deny divine decree. We found Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Umar (may Allah be pleased with them both) in the mosque, and we flanked him on the right and the left. Yahya (may Allah have mercy on him) said: My companion chose me to speak. I said: O Abu Abd al-Rahman! Some people have appeared in our region who recite the Qur'an and seek knowledge, and they deny divine decree and (claim that) the matter is new (not preordained). Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Umar (may Allah be pleased with them both) said: "When you meet them, tell them: I am free of them and they are free of me." And Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Umar (may Allah be pleased with them both) swore an oath and said: "Even if such people were to spend gold equal to Mount Uhud, Allah would not accept it from them until they believe in divine decree, its good and its bad." He said: Sayyiduna Umar bin al-Khattab (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated to me: One day we were sitting with the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) when suddenly (a man appeared) with very white clothes and very black hair; no trace of travel was seen on him, and none of us knew him. He sat with his knees against the knees of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) and placed his palms on the thighs of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), then said: O Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him)! Tell me about Islam: what is Islam? He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Islam is that you bear witness that there is no deity worthy of worship except Allah and that Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him) is the Messenger of Allah, establish the prayer, give the zakah, fast Ramadan, and perform Hajj to the House if you are able." The man said: "You have spoken the truth." Sayyiduna Umar bin al-Khattab (may Allah be pleased with him) said: We were amazed that he asks the question and then confirms the answer himself. Then he said: O Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him)! Tell me about faith: what is faith? He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "To believe in Allah, His angels, His Books, His messengers, the Last Day, and in divine decree, its good and its bad." He said: "You have spoken the truth." Then he said: Tell me about excellence (ihsan). He said: "To worship Allah as though you are seeing Him; and if you do not see Him, then indeed He sees you." He said: Tell me about the Hour. He said: "The one being asked does not know more about it than the one asking." He said: Then tell me about its signs. He said: "That the slave woman gives birth to her master, and that you see the barefoot, naked, destitute shepherds of sheep vying with one another in (raising) buildings." Then he left. Sayyiduna Umar bin al-Khattab (may Allah be pleased with him) said: I stayed for three days. Then the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said to me: "O Umar! Do you know who the questioner was?" I said: Allah and His Messenger (peace and blessings be upon him) know best. He said: "That was Jibril, who came to teach you your religion."

This is another chain of the preceding hadith.

Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) said that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Do not sit with the Qadariyyah, and do not have them pass judgements for you."

Ibn al-Daylami (may Allah have mercy on him) said: A kind of doubt arose in my heart regarding divine decree, so I came to Ubayy bin Ka'b (may Allah be pleased with him) and said: O Abu al-Mundhir! Something (a misgiving) has arisen in my heart about divine decree, and I fear that my religion may be ruined. He said: O my nephew! If Allah wished to punish the inhabitants of the heavens and the earth, He would not be unjust in that; and if He shows mercy, His mercy is the most vast. If you had gold equal to Mount Uhud and you spent it, Allah would not accept it until you have faith in divine decree and know that what is going to reach you will certainly reach you, and what is not to come to you can never come to you. If you die without the belief in divine decree, you will go to Hell. And when my brother Abdullah bin Mas'ud (may Allah be pleased with him) comes, ask him. Then I came to Abdullah bin Mas'ud (may Allah be pleased with him) and asked him, and he too gave the same answer.
Ishaq (may Allah have mercy on him) said that he said: Go to Hudhayfah bin al-Yaman (may Allah be pleased with him) and ask him. I came to Hudhayfah bin al-Yaman (may Allah be pleased with him), and he too gave me the same answer, and he said to me: Go to Zayd bin Thabit (may Allah be pleased with him). I came to Zayd bin Thabit (may Allah be pleased with him) and asked him, and he said: I heard the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) say: "If Allah wished to punish the inhabitants of the heavens and the earth, He would not be unjust in that; and if He wished to show mercy, His mercy is better than all deeds. If you had gold equal to Mount Uhud and you spent it, Allah would not accept it until you have faith in divine decree. Know that what is going to reach you will certainly reach you, and what has missed you could never have reached you. If one dies upon any belief other than this, he will go to Hell."

Sayyiduna Ubadah bin al-Samit (may Allah be pleased with him) said to his son: O my son! You cannot find the taste of faith until (you know that) what is going to reach you will certainly reach you, and what is not to reach you can never reach you; for I heard the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) say: "The first thing Allah created was the Pen, and He said: Write. It said: O my Lord! What shall I write? He said: Write the decree of everything until the Hour is established."
O my son! I heard the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) say: "Whoever dies upon other than this belief has no connection with me."

Abu al-Hajjaj al-Azdi narrates from Sayyiduna Salman (may Allah be pleased with him) that he was asked about divine decree, and he said: Know that what is going to reach you will certainly reach you, and what is not to reach you will never come to you. [Da'if (weak)]

Al-Sha'bi (may Allah have mercy on him) said that Sayyiduna Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) delivered a sermon on the pulpit in Kufah and said: He has no connection with us who does not believe in divine decree, its good and its bad. [Da'if (weak)]

Al-Harith narrates from Sayyiduna Ali (may Allah be pleased with him): "A servant who does not believe in divine decree cannot taste (the sweetness of) faith."

Mujahid (may Allah have mercy on him) said: I brought a man to Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) and said: This man wants to speak with you about divine decree. He said: Bring him close to me. I said: Do you intend to kill him? He said: If you had brought him close to me, I would have put my hand on his neck and not let go until I had crushed him.

Ata bin Abi Rabah said: I came to Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) while he was drawing Zamzam water, and the lower part of his garment had become wet. I said: There has been talk about divine decree. He said: What? Have they done that? I said: Yes. He said: By Allah! This verse was revealed about them: "Taste the touch of Saqar. Indeed, We have created everything according to a measure (qadar)." [Surah al-Qamar: 48-49] These are the worst people of this ummah. Do not visit their sick, and do not offer the funeral prayer over their dead. If I were to see any one of them, I would gouge out his eyes with my fingers.

Nafi' said that Ibn Umar (may Allah be pleased with them both) had a friend from the people of al-Sham who used to write letters to him. Ibn Umar (may Allah be pleased with them both) said: "It has reached me that you have spoken about divine decree; do not write to me in future. I heard the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him); he (peace and blessings be upon him) said: 'There will be people in my ummah who will deny divine decree.'"

Tawus al-Yamani (may Allah have mercy on him) said: The Companions (may Allah be pleased with them) of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) used to say that everything is according to divine decree. Tawus (may Allah have mercy on him) said: I heard Abdullah bin Umar (may Allah be pleased with them both) say that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Everything is by divine decree, even incapacity and astuteness."

Imam Malik (may Allah have mercy on him) narrates from his paternal uncle Abu Suhayl bin Malik (may Allah have mercy on him): I was walking with Umar bin Abd al-Aziz (may Allah have mercy on him), and he said: "What is your view about the Qadariyyah?" He said: "I would ask them to repent; if they accept, well and good, otherwise I would put them to the sword." Umar bin Abd al-Aziz (may Allah have mercy on him) said: "That is my view too." Imam Malik (may Allah have mercy on him) said: "That is my view too."

Abu Suhayl Nafi' bin Malik (may Allah have mercy on him) said that Umar bin Abd al-Aziz (may Allah have mercy on him) said to him: "What is your view about the Qadariyyah?" He said: "They should be asked to repent; if they repent, well and good, otherwise they should be killed." Umar (may Allah have mercy on him) said: "That was my view too. This one verse alone is sufficient: 'So indeed you and what you worship cannot lead anyone astray from Him, except one who is destined to burn in Hellfire.' [Surah al-Saffat: 161-163]"

Al-Hakam bin Sulayman al-Kindi (may Allah have mercy on him) said: I heard al-Awza'i (may Allah have mercy on him) when he was asked about the Qadariyyah, and he said: Do not sit with them.

Abu al-Hasan Muhammad bin Ishaq bin Rahawayh, the judge of Marw, said: My father was asked (about the Qur'an) while I was listening, and he said: "The Qur'an is the speech of Allah; it is His revelation and His knowledge, and it is not created." Sufyan bin Uyaynah narrates from Amr bin Dinar (may Allah have mercy on him): I found our shaykhs for seventy years, and they used to say this.
(b) Sufyan bin Uyaynah narrates from Amr bin Dinar (may Allah have mercy on him): I found the people for seventy years saying: Allah is the Creator, everything besides Him is created, and the Qur'an is the speech of Allah.

Abd al-Rahman bin Muhammad bin Habib bin Abi Habib narrates from his father, from his grandfather: I came to Khalid bin Abdullah al-Qasri, and he delivered the Eid al-Adha sermon in the city of Wasit. He said: O people! Go and offer your sacrifices; may Allah accept your sacrifices. As for me, I will sacrifice al-Ja'd bin Dirham, for he claims that Allah did not take Ibrahim (peace be upon him) as His close friend, and that He did not speak to Musa (peace be upon him). Glory be to Him, and exalted is He above what al-Ja'd bin Dirham says. Then he came down from the pulpit and slaughtered him. Abu Raja' (may Allah have mercy on him) said: Jahm took this doctrine from al-Ja'd bin Dirham.

Qays bin al-Rabi' (may Allah have mercy on him) said: I asked Ja'far bin Muhammad (may Allah have mercy on him) about the Qur'an, and he said: It is the speech of Allah. I said: Is it created? He said: No. I said: What is your view about one who says it is created? He said: He should be killed, and he should not even be asked to repent.

Yahya bin Khalaf al-Muqri (may Allah have mercy on him) said: I was with Malik bin Anas (may Allah have mercy on him) when a man came and said: What is your view about one who says the Qur'an is created? He said: In my view he is a disbeliever; kill him.
(b) Yahya bin Khalaf (may Allah have mercy on him) said: I asked al-Layth bin Sa'd and Ibn Lahi'ah (may Allah have mercy on them both): What is the ruling on one who says the Qur'an is created? They both said: He is a disbeliever.

Suwayd bin Sa'id (may Allah have mercy on him) said: I heard Malik bin Anas, Hammad bin Zayd, Sufyan bin Uyaynah, al-Fudayl bin Iyad, Sharik bin Abdullah, Yahya bin Sulaym, Muslim bin Khalid, Hisham bin Sulayman al-Makhzumi, Jarir bin Abd al-Hamid, Ali bin Mushir, Abdah, Abdullah bin Idris, Hafs bin Ghiyath, Waki', Muhammad bin Fudayl, Abd al-Rahim bin Sulayman, Abd al-Aziz bin Abi Hazim, al-Darawardi, Isma'il bin Ja'far, Hatim bin Isma'il and Abdullah bin Yazid al-Muqri (may Allah have mercy on them), and all those from whom I acquired knowledge, saying: Faith is speech and action; it increases and decreases. The Qur'an is the speech of Allah, an attribute of His; it is not created, and whoever says that it is created is a disbeliever in Allah.

Abu Yusuf (may Allah have mercy on him) used to say in Khurasan: Two kinds of people are the most hateful to me: 1. the Muqatiliyyah, 2. the Jahmiyyah.

Muhammad bin al-Hasan (may Allah have mercy on him) said: The testimony of the Jahmiyyah is not permissible.

Al-Rabi' (may Allah have mercy on him) said: Imam al-Shafi'i (may Allah have mercy on him) spoke with Hafs, and Hafs said: "The Qur'an is created." Imam al-Shafi'i (may Allah have mercy on him) said: "You have disbelieved in Allah."

Ali bin Sahl al-Ramli said: I asked Imam al-Shafi'i (may Allah have mercy on him) about the Qur'an, and he said: It is the speech of Allah; it is not created. I asked: What is the ruling, in your view, on one who says it is created? He said: He is a disbeliever. I said to Imam al-Shafi'i (may Allah have mercy on him): What is the view of your teachers? He said: They say the same: those who say the Qur'an is created are disbelievers.

Al-Rabi' said: I heard Imam al-Shafi'i (may Allah have mercy on him) say: For a servant to meet Allah with every sin except associating partners with Him (shirk) is better than for him to meet Him with anything of these heretical desires. He said this because he saw some people disputing about divine decree in front of him. Imam al-Shafi'i (may Allah have mercy on him) said: In the Book of Allah, the will belongs to Him and not to His creation, and the will of Allah means the intent of Allah. Allah says: "And you do not will except that Allah wills." [Surah al-Insan: 30] So He informed His creation that the will is His. And he (al-Shafi'i) used to affirm divine decree.

Rabi' bin Sulayman (may Allah have mercy on him) said that Imam al-Shafi'i (may Allah have mercy on him) was asked about predestination (qadar), and he said:
What You will comes to pass, even if I do not will it,

and what I will does not come to pass if You do not will it.
You created the servants in accordance with Your knowledge,

and within Your knowledge the young and the old all proceed.
Upon some You bestow favour and some You abase,

some You help and some You do not help.
Among them some are wretched and some are fortunate,

and among them some are ugly and some are handsome.

Rabi' (may Allah have mercy on him) said: I heard al-Buwayti (may Allah have mercy on him) saying: Whoever says that the Qur'an is created is a disbeliever. Allah Almighty says: "When We intend a thing, Our only word to it is that We say to it: 'Be,' and it is." [Surah al-Nahl: 40] Allah Almighty has informed us that He creates His creation by the word "Kun" (Be); so whoever claims that the word "Kun" is created has claimed that Allah creates creation by means of something created.

Yahya bin Zakariyya (may Allah have mercy on him) said: I heard al-Muzani (may Allah have mercy on him) saying: The Qur'an is the speech of Allah; it is not created.

Abu Muhammad al-Muzani (may Allah have mercy on him) said: I heard Yusuf bin Musa al-Marwarrudhi (may Allah have mercy on him) in the year 295 AH saying: We, a group of the people of Khurasan, were with Abu Ibrahim al-Muzani (may Allah have mercy on him) in Egypt. We used to gather with him at night and put questions to one another while he stood in prayer; when he finished with the salam he would turn to us and say: "What would you answer if such-and-such were said to you?" Then he would return to his prayer. One night we stood up, and I and some of our companions went forward to him and said: We are people from Khurasan, and among us a group has arisen who say that the Qur'an is created. We are not among those who plunge into theological disputation, and we ask you for a ruling on this matter only for the sake of our religion and for those who are with us, so that we may convey to them from you the answer you give us. He said: "The Qur'an is the speech of Allah, not created, and whoever says that the Qur'an is created is a disbeliever."
The Shaykh (may Allah have mercy on him) said: This is the position of our Imams (may Allah have mercy on them) concerning these innovators who were deprived of divine success and abandoned the apparent meaning of the Book and the Sunnah for their embellished opinions and objectionable interpretations. I heard Abu Hazim Umar bin Ahmad al-Abdawi al-Hafiz saying: I heard Zahir bin Ahmad al-Sarakhsi saying: When the death of Abu al-Hasan al-Ash'ari (may Allah have mercy on him) drew near, in my house in Baghdad, he called me and said: "Bear witness for me that I do not declare anyone of the people of this qiblah a disbeliever, because all of them point to one object of worship; this is only a difference of expressions."
The Shaykh (may Allah have mercy on him) said: Whoever holds this view claims that this is also the position of al-Shafi'i (may Allah have mercy on him). Do you not see that he said in the book Adab al-Qadi (The Etiquette of the Judge): "People who interpreted the Qur'an, the hadiths and analogy, or those of them who held views on matters in which they differed, went their ways and diverged in them severely, and some of them deemed lawful against others things too long to recount. All of that is long-standing; some of it was in the time of the Salaf and after them until today. Yet we do not know of anyone among the Salaf of this ummah who is followed, nor among the Successors after them, who rejected anyone's testimony because of an interpretation, even if he considered him mistaken and astray." Then he continued the discussion until he said: "The testimony of one who considers lying to be association of partners with Allah, or a disobedience to Him for which the Fire becomes due, is more deserving of being trusted than the testimony of one who makes light of its sin."
They said: What we have narrated from al-Shafi'i and other Imams about declaring these innovators disbelievers, they only meant by it a disbelief lesser than disbelief, as Allah Almighty said: "And whoever does not judge by what Allah has revealed, then it is they who are the disbelievers." [Surah al-Ma'idah: 44] Sayyiduna Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) said: It is not the disbelief you think it is; it is not a disbelief that removes one from the religion, but a disbelief lesser than disbelief.
The Shaykh (may Allah have mercy on him) said: It is as though by declaring them disbelievers they meant their negation of these attributes which Allah Almighty affirmed for Himself, and their rejection of them through far-fetched interpretation, while they still believed in affirming what Allah Almighty affirmed. So they turned away from the apparent meaning through interpretation, and they did not thereby leave the religion, even though the interpretation was a mistake; just as one who denied that the two Mu'awwidhatayn belong in the copies of the Qur'an like the other surahs did not leave the religion, because of the doubt he held, even if it was a mistake in the view of others. As for what we have narrated from the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) of his saying: "The Qadariyyah are the Magians of this ummah," he (peace and blessings be upon him) only called them Magians because some of what they hold resembles the doctrines of the Magians in their belief in two origins, light and darkness: the Magians claim that good is the act of light and evil is the act of darkness, and so they became dualists. Likewise the Qadariyyah attribute good to Allah and evil to other than Him, whereas Allah Almighty is the Creator of good and evil; both matters are attributed to Him in terms of creating and bringing into being, and to those of His servants who do them in terms of doing and acquiring. This is the statement of Abu Sulayman al-Khattabi (may Allah have mercy on him) on this report.
Abu Bakr Ahmad bin Ishaq al-Sibghi said, in what follows:

Abu Abdullah al-Hafiz (may Allah have mercy on him) narrated from him (Abu Bakr al-Sibghi), regarding the proof that "the Qadariyyah are the Magians of this ummah": The Magians say that Allah Almighty created some things and not others: Allah Almighty created light, and Allah Almighty did not create darkness. The Qadariyyah say: Allah Almighty created some things and not others: Allah Almighty created the sound of thunder, but Allah Almighty did not create the sound of the flint. The Magians say that Allah Almighty did not create ignorance and forgetfulness. The Qadariyyah say that Allah Almighty did not create memory, knowledge and action. The Magians say that Allah Almighty does not lead anyone astray, and the Qadariyyah say the same, whereas Allah Almighty says: "He leads astray whom He wills." [Surah al-Ra'd: 27] And: "He intends to lead you astray." [Surah Hud: 34]
The Shaykh (may Allah have mercy on him) said: He (peace and blessings be upon him) called them Magians only because of these meanings, or some of them, and along with that he attributed them to the ummah.

Abu Salamah narrates from Sayyiduna Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "The Jews split into seventy-one or seventy-two (71 or 72) sects, the Christians split into seventy-one or seventy-two sects, and my ummah will split into seventy-three sects."
Abu Sulayman al-Khattabi (may Allah have mercy on him) said: His (peace and blessings be upon him) saying, 'My ummah will split into seventy-three sects,' means that all these sects will not be outside the religion; rather, they will be counted within his (peace and blessings be upon him) ummah. It also shows that one who interprets (muta'awwil) does not leave the religion, even if he errs in his interpretation.
The Shaykh (may Allah have mercy on him) said: Whoever calls a Muslim a disbeliever outright does not leave the religion because of calling him a disbeliever, as in the hadith of Sayyiduna Jabir bin Abdullah (may Allah be pleased with them both): a man left the prayer behind Sayyiduna Mu'adh bin Jabal (may Allah be pleased with him), and he called him a hypocrite. When the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) learned of it, he (peace and blessings be upon him) ordered Sayyiduna Mu'adh (may Allah be pleased with him) to lighten the prayer and said: "O Mu'adh! Are you one who causes trials (fitnah)?" meaning: do not lead such long prayers.
When Sayyiduna Hatib bin Abi Balta'ah (may Allah be pleased with him) tried to inform the Quraysh of the Prophet's (peace and blessings be upon him) advance against them, Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) said: "O Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him)! If you permit, I will strike off the neck of this hypocrite." He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "He took part in Badr." The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) did not pronounce takfir on Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) for calling him a hypocrite, because this was an outward sign of hypocrisy; the one who becomes a disbeliever is he who declares a Muslim a disbeliever without any interpretation.

Ibn Umar (may Allah be pleased with them both) narrates from the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him): "Any man who calls his brother a disbeliever, the word returns to one of the two of them."
On this basis, the testimony of the people of desires (ahl al-ahwa'), when they have an interpretation, stands valid.

Abd al-Rahman bin Mahdi (may Allah have mercy on him) said: Knowledge is to be taken from the people of desires (ahl al-ahwa'), and their testimony is permissible, as long as they do not call people to their creed; when they call to their creed, hadiths are not to be written from them, nor is their testimony permissible.
By 'writing knowledge' he meant the reports (akhbar).

Imam al-Shafi'i (may Allah have mercy on him) said: Whoever considers false testimony against a man permissible, or considers shedding someone's blood or seizing his wealth permissible, his testimony will be rejected. And a man who swears an oath on someone's behalf and testifies for him, though he was not present on that occasion and had not heard about it, his testimony too will be rejected. Or a man who testifies against someone out of enmity, his testimony too will be rejected.

Harmalah (may Allah have mercy on him) said: I heard Imam al-Shafi'i (may Allah have mercy on him) saying: There is no one who gives false testimony more than the Rafidah.

Yunus bin Abd al-A'la (may Allah have mercy on him) said: I heard Imam al-Shafi'i (may Allah have mercy on him) saying: The testimony of the people of desires (ahl al-ahwa') is permissible, but the testimony of the Rafidah is not permissible, because they look after one another.
The Shaykh (may Allah have mercy on him) said: Likewise, whoever among them is known for reviling the Companions, who are the lamps of this ummah and its foremost, his testimony will not be accepted, whenever his reviling of them stems from partisanship or ignorance, and not from an interpretation or a doubt.

Sayyiduna Abu Sa'id al-Khudri (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates from the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) that he (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Do not revile my Companions. By the One in whose Hand is my soul! Even if you were to spend gold equal to Mount Uhud, and a Companion spent one mudd or half a mudd, you would not attain his reward."