السنن الكبرى للبيهقي
Sunan al-Kubra al-Bayhaqi
كتاب السير
Book of Military Expeditions
باب: فتح مكة حرسها الله تعالى
The conquest of Makkah, may Allah the Exalted protect it
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أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو بَكْرٍ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ فُورَكٍ، أنبأ عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ جَعْفَرٍ، ثنا يُونُسُ بْنُ حَبِيبٍ، ثنا أَبُو دَاوُدَ، ثنا سُلَيْمَانُ بْنُ الْمُغِيرَةِ، ح وَأنبأ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ، وَاللَّفْظُ لَهُ، أنبأ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ، ثنا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، وَعِمْرَانُ بْنُ مُوسَى، قَالَا: ثنا شَيْبَانُ بْنُ فَرُّوخَ، ثنا سُلَيْمَانُ بْنُ الْمُغِيرَةِ، ثنا ثَابِتٌ الْبُنَانِيُّ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ رَبَاحٍ، عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ: وَفَدَتْ وُفُودٌ إِلَى مُعَاوِيَةَ، وَذَلِكَ فِي رَمَضَانَ، فَكَانَ يَصْنَعُ بَعْضُنَا لِبَعْضٍ الطَّعَامَ، فَكَانَ أَبُو هُرَيْرَةَ مِمَّا يُكْثِرُ أَنْ يَدْعُوَنَا إِلَى رَحْلِهِ، فَقُلْتُ: أَلَا أَصْنَعُ طَعَامًا وَأَدْعُوهُمْ إِلَى رَحْلِي؟ فَأَمَرْتُ بِطَعَامٍ فَصُنِعَ، ثُمَّ لَقِيتُ أَبَا هُرَيْرَةَ مِنَ الْعَشِيِّ، فَقُلْتُ: الدَّعْوَةُ عِنْدِي اللَّيْلَةَ. قَالَ: سَبَقْتَنِي؟ قُلْتُ: نَعَمْ، فَدَعَوْتُهُمْ، فَقَالَ أَبُو هُرَيْرَةَ: أَلَا أُعْلِمُكُمْ حَدِيثًا مِنْ حَدِيثِكُمْ يَا مَعْشَرَ الْأَنْصَارِ؟ ثُمَّ ذَكَرَ فَتْحَ مَكَّةَ فَقَالَ: أَقْبَلَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ حَتَّى قَدِمَ مَكَّةَ، فَبَعَثَ الزُّبَيْرَ عَلَى إِحْدَى الْمُجَنِّبَتَيْنِ، وَبَعَثَ خَالِدَ بْنَ الْوَلِيدِ عَلَى الْمُجَنِّبَةِ الْأُخْرَى، وَبَعَثَ أَبَا عُبَيْدَةَ عَلَى الْحُسَّرِ فَأَخَذُوا بَطْنَ الْوَادِي، وَرَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فِي كَتِيبَتِهِ فَنَظَرَ فَرَآنِي، فَقَالَ: " أَبُو هُرَيْرَةَ " قُلْتُ: لَبَّيْكَ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ. قَالَ: فَنَدَبَ الْأَنْصَارَ فَقَالَ: " لَا يَأْتِينَا إِلَّا أَنْصَارِيٌّ " فَأَطَافُوا بِهِ، زَادَ أَبُو دَاوُدَ قَالَ: فَقَالَ: " اهْتِفْ بِالْأَنْصَارِ وَلَا تَأْتِنِي إِلَّا بِأَنْصَارِيٍّ ". قَالَ: فَفَعَلْتُهُ. قَالَ شَيْبَانُ فِي رِوَايَتِهِ: وَأَوْبَشَتْ قُرَيْشٌ أَوْبَاشًا لَهَا وَأَتْبَاعًا فَقَالُوا: نُقَدِّمُ هَؤُلَاءِ فَإِنْ كَانَ لَهُمْ شَيْءٌ كُنَّا مَعَهُمْ، وَإِنْ أُصِيبُوا أَعْطَيْنَا الَّذِي سُئِلْنَا. فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: " تَرَوْنَ إِلَى أَوْبَاشِ قُرَيْشٍ وَأَتْبَاعِهِمْ "؟ ثُمَّ قَالَ بِيَدَيْهِ إِحْدَاهُمَا عَلَى الْأُخْرَى ثُمَّ قَالَ: حَتَّى تُوَافُونِي بِالصَّفَا. زَادَ أَبُو دَاوُدَ فِي رِوَايَتِهِ: " احْصُدُوهُمْ حَصْدًا ". قَالَ شَيْبَانُ فِي رِوَايَتِهِ: قَالَ: وَانْطَلَقْنَا فَمَا شَاءَ أَحَدٌ مِنَّا أَنْ يَقْتُلَ أَحَدًا إِلَّا قَتَلَهُ، وَمَا أَحَدٌ يُوَجِّهُ إِلَيْنَا شَيْئًا. قَالَ: فَجَاءَ أَبُو سُفْيَانَ فَقَالَ: يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ أُبِيحَتْ خَضْرَاءُ قُرَيْشٍ، لَا قُرَيْشَ بَعْدَ الْيَوْمِ. قَالَ: " مَنْ دَخَلَ دَارَ أَبِي سُفْيَانَ فَهُوَ آمِنٌ ". زَادَ أَبُو دَاوُدَ فِي رِوَايَتِهِ: " مَنْ ⦗١٩٨⦘ أَلْقَى السِّلَاحَ فَهُوَ آمِنٌ ".⦗١٩٩⦘ قَالَ شَيْبَانُ فِي رِوَايَتِهِ: فَقَالَتِ الْأَنْصَارُ بَعْضُهُمْ لِبَعْضٍ: أَمَّا الرَّجُلُ فَأَدْرَكَتْهُ رَغْبَةٌ فِي قَرَابَتِهِ، وَرَأْفَةٌ بِعَشِيرَتِهِ. فَقَالَ أَبُو هُرَيْرَةَ: وَجَاءَ الْوَحْيُ وَكَانَ إِذَا جَاءَ لَا يَخْفَى عَلَيْنَا، فَإِذَا جَاءَ فَلَيْسَ أَحَدٌ يَرْفَعُ طَرْفَهُ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ حَتَّى يَنْقَضِيَ الْوَحْيُ، فَلَمَّا قُضِيَ الْوَحْيُ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: " يَا مَعْشَرَ الْأَنْصَارِ ". قَالُوا: لَبَّيْكَ رَسُولَ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ. قَالَ: " قُلْتُمْ أَمَّا الرَّجُلُ فَأَدْرَكَتْهُ رَغْبَةٌ فِي قَرَابَتِهِ ". قَالُوا: قَدْ كَانَ ذَاكَ. قَالَ: " كَلَّا إِنِّي عَبْدُ اللهِ وَرَسُولُهُ، هَاجَرْتُ إِلَى اللهِ وَإِلَيْكُمْ، الْمَحْيَا مَحْيَاكُمْ وَالْمَمَاتُ مَمَاتُكُمْ ". فَأَقْبَلُوا إِلَيْهِ يَبْكُونَ يَقُولُونَ: وَاللهِ مَا قُلْنَا الَّذِي قُلْنَا إِلَّا الضِّنَّ بِاللهِ وَرَسُولِهِ. فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: " إِنَّ اللهَ وَرَسُولَهُ يُصَدِّقَانِكُمْ وَيَعْذِرَانِكُمْ ". فَأَقْبَلَ النَّاسُ إِلَى دَارِ أَبِي سُفْيَانَ، وَأَغْلَقَ النَّاسُ أَبْوَابَهُمْ، وَأَقْبَلَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، حَتَّى أَقْبَلَ إِلَى الْحَجَرِ فَاسْتَلَمَهُ، فَطَافَ بِالْبَيْتِ فَأَتَى إِلَى صَنَمٍ إِلَى جَنْبِ الْبَيْتِ كَانُوا يَعْبُدُونَهُ. قَالَ: وَفِي يَدِ رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَوْسٌ وَهُوَ آخِذٌ بِسِيَةِ الْقَوْسِ، فَلَمَّا أَتَى عَلَى الصَّنَمِ جَعَلَ يَطْعَنُ فِي عَيْنِهِ وَيَقُولُ: {جَاءَ الْحَقُّ وَزَهَقَ الْبَاطِلُ إِنَّ الْبَاطِلَ كَانَ زَهُوقًا} [الإسراء: ٨١]، فَلَمَّا فَرَغَ مِنْ طَوَافِهِ أَتَى الصَّفَا فَعَلَا عَلَيْهِ حَتَّى نَظَرَ إِلَى الْبَيْتِ فَرَفَعَ يَدَيْهِ وَجَعَلَ يَحْمَدُ اللهَ وَيَدْعُو بِمَا شَاءَ أَنْ يَدْعُوَ. رَوَاهُ مُسْلِمٌ فِي الصَّحِيحِ عَنْ شَيْبَانَ بْنِ فَرُّوخَ، وَأَخْرَجَهُ مِنْ حَدِيثِ بَهْزِ بْنِ أَسَدٍ عَنْ سُلَيْمَانَ بْنِ الْمُغِيرَةِ، وَذَكَرَ اللَّفْظَةَ الَّتِي زَادَهَا أَبُو دَاوُدَ..
Abdullah bin Rabah narrates from Sayyiduna Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him): In the month of Ramadan, delegations came to Sayyiduna Mu'awiyah (may Allah be pleased with him), and we used to prepare food for one another. Sayyiduna Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) would often invite us to his place. I said: Shall I not have food prepared and invite them to my place? So I had food prepared. In the evening I met Sayyiduna Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) and said: The invitation for dinner tonight is at my place. He said: You have beaten me to it. I said: Yes. So I invited them. Sayyiduna Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) said: "O company of the Ansar, shall I not tell you one of the accounts about you?" Then he mentioned the conquest of Makkah. He said: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) came to Makkah and sent Sayyiduna al-Zubayr (may Allah be pleased with him) over one flank of the army and Sayyiduna Khalid bin al-Walid (may Allah be pleased with him) over the other flank, and Sayyiduna Abu Ubaydah (may Allah be pleased with him) over the unarmoured men. They took the floor of the valley, and the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) was with his squadron. He (peace and blessings be upon him) looked around, saw me and said: "Abu Hurayrah!" I said: "Here I am, O Messenger of Allah." He (peace and blessings be upon him) summoned the Ansar and said: "Let none come to me except an Ansari." So they gathered around him (peace and blessings be upon him). Abu Dawud added these words: "Call out to the Ansar, and bring none to me except an Ansari." Sayyiduna Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) said: So I did it.
In the narration of Shayban: Quraysh gathered their rabble and followers and said: We will send these ahead; if they gain anything, we will be with them, and if they are struck down, we will give what is asked of us. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Do you see the rabble of Quraysh and their followers?" Then he (peace and blessings be upon him) gestured with his hands, one over the other, and said: "(Do this) until you meet me at (the hill of) al-Safa."
Abu Dawud added in his narration: "Mow them down."
Shayban said in his narration: So we set off, and whomever any of us wished to kill he killed, and no one directed anything against us. The narrator said: Then Sayyiduna Abu Sufyan (may Allah be pleased with him) came and said: O Messenger of Allah, the multitude of Quraysh has been destroyed; there will be no Quraysh after today. He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Whoever enters the house of Abu Sufyan (may Allah be pleased with him) is safe."
Abu Dawud added in his narration: "Whoever lays down his weapons is also safe."
Shayban said in his narration: The Ansar said to one another: As for the man (the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him)), longing for his kinsfolk and compassion for his clan have overtaken him.
Sayyiduna Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) said: Then revelation came. Whenever revelation came, it was not hidden from us; when it came, no one would raise his eyes towards the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) until the revelation ended. When the revelation was complete, the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "O company of the Ansar!" They said: "Here we are, O Messenger of Allah." He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "You said: As for the man, longing for his kinsfolk has overtaken him?" They said: Yes, that was said. He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Never! I am the servant of Allah and His Messenger. I emigrated to Allah and to you; my life is your life and my death is your death." They turned to him (peace and blessings be upon him) weeping and said: By Allah, we only said what we said out of our eagerness to keep Allah and His Messenger (with us).
The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Allah and His Messenger (peace and blessings be upon him) believe you and accept your excuse." The people went to the house of Sayyiduna Abu Sufyan (may Allah be pleased with him), and people shut their doors. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) came to the Black Stone and touched it, then circled the House (in tawaf). Then he came to an idol beside the House which they used to worship, and in his (peace and blessings be upon him) hand was a bow. When he (peace and blessings be upon him) came to the idol, he struck its eye with the bow and said: "Truth has come and falsehood has vanished; indeed, falsehood is bound to vanish." [Surah al-Isra: 81] When he (peace and blessings be upon him) had finished his tawaf, he climbed (the hill of) al-Safa until his (peace and blessings be upon him) gaze fell on the House. He (peace and blessings be upon him) raised his hands, praised Allah and supplicated as he wished.
In the narration of Shayban: Quraysh gathered their rabble and followers and said: We will send these ahead; if they gain anything, we will be with them, and if they are struck down, we will give what is asked of us. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Do you see the rabble of Quraysh and their followers?" Then he (peace and blessings be upon him) gestured with his hands, one over the other, and said: "(Do this) until you meet me at (the hill of) al-Safa."
Abu Dawud added in his narration: "Mow them down."
Shayban said in his narration: So we set off, and whomever any of us wished to kill he killed, and no one directed anything against us. The narrator said: Then Sayyiduna Abu Sufyan (may Allah be pleased with him) came and said: O Messenger of Allah, the multitude of Quraysh has been destroyed; there will be no Quraysh after today. He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Whoever enters the house of Abu Sufyan (may Allah be pleased with him) is safe."
Abu Dawud added in his narration: "Whoever lays down his weapons is also safe."
Shayban said in his narration: The Ansar said to one another: As for the man (the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him)), longing for his kinsfolk and compassion for his clan have overtaken him.
Sayyiduna Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) said: Then revelation came. Whenever revelation came, it was not hidden from us; when it came, no one would raise his eyes towards the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) until the revelation ended. When the revelation was complete, the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "O company of the Ansar!" They said: "Here we are, O Messenger of Allah." He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "You said: As for the man, longing for his kinsfolk has overtaken him?" They said: Yes, that was said. He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Never! I am the servant of Allah and His Messenger. I emigrated to Allah and to you; my life is your life and my death is your death." They turned to him (peace and blessings be upon him) weeping and said: By Allah, we only said what we said out of our eagerness to keep Allah and His Messenger (with us).
The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Allah and His Messenger (peace and blessings be upon him) believe you and accept your excuse." The people went to the house of Sayyiduna Abu Sufyan (may Allah be pleased with him), and people shut their doors. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) came to the Black Stone and touched it, then circled the House (in tawaf). Then he came to an idol beside the House which they used to worship, and in his (peace and blessings be upon him) hand was a bow. When he (peace and blessings be upon him) came to the idol, he struck its eye with the bow and said: "Truth has come and falsehood has vanished; indeed, falsehood is bound to vanish." [Surah al-Isra: 81] When he (peace and blessings be upon him) had finished his tawaf, he climbed (the hill of) al-Safa until his (peace and blessings be upon him) gaze fell on the House. He (peace and blessings be upon him) raised his hands, praised Allah and supplicated as he wished.
وَأَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ، أنبأ أَبُو الْفَضْلِ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، ثنا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ سَلَمَةَ، ثنا إِسْحَاقُ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، أنبأ عَفَّانُ، ثنا حَمَّادُ بْنُ سَلَمَةَ، عَنْ ثَابِتٍ الْبُنَانِيِّ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ رَبَاحٍ، عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ، فَذَكَرَ الْحَدِيثَ قَالَ فِيهِ: فَجَاءَتِ الْأَنْصَارُ فَأَحَاطُوا بِرَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ عِنْدَ الصَّفَا فَجَاءَ أَبُو سُفْيَانَ فَقَالَ: يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ أُبِيدَتْ خَضْرَاءُ قُرَيْشٍ لَا قُرَيْشَ بَعْدَ الْيَوْمِ. فَقَالَ: " مَنْ دَخَلَ دَارَهُ فَهُوَ آمِنٌ، وَمَنْ أَلْقَى سِلَاحَهُ فَهُوَ آمِنٌ، وَمَنْ دَخَلَ دَارَ أَبِي سُفْيَانَ فَهُوَ آمِنٌ، وَمَنْ أَغْلَقَ بَابَهُ فَهُوَ آمِنٌ " أَخْرَجَهُ مُسْلِمٌ فِي الصَّحِيحِ مِنْ حَدِيثِ يَحْيَى بْنِ حَسَّانَ عَنْ حَمَّادٍ، إِلَّا أَنَّهُ لَمْ يَذْكُرْ قَوْلَهُ: " مَنْ دَخَلَ دَارَهُ فَهُوَ آمِنٌ ".
Abdullah bin Rabah narrates from Sayyiduna Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him); he mentioned the hadith, and in it is: The Ansar surrounded the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) near (the hill of) al-Safa. Abu Sufyan came and said: O Messenger of Allah, the multitude of Quraysh has been wiped out; there will be no Quraysh after today. He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Whoever enters his house is safe, whoever lays down his weapons is safe, whoever enters the house of Abu Sufyan is safe, and whoever shuts his door is safe."
(b) Yahya bin Hassan narrates the same from Hammad, but he did not mention the words "Whoever enters his house is safe."
(b) Yahya bin Hassan narrates the same from Hammad, but he did not mention the words "Whoever enters his house is safe."
أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَلِيٍّ الرُّوذْبَارِيُّ، أنبأ أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ دَاسَةَ، ثنا أَبُو دَاوُدَ، ثنا مُسْلِمُ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، ثنا سَلَّامُ بْنُ مِسْكِينٍ، ثنا ثَابِتٌ الْبُنَانِيُّ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ رَبَاحٍ الْأَنْصَارِيِّ، عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ لَمَّا دَخَلَ مَكَّةَ سَرَّحَ الزُّبَيْرَ بْنَ الْعَوَّامِ وَأَبَا عُبَيْدَةَ بْنَ الْجَرَّاحِ وَخَالِدَ بْنَ الْوَلِيدِ عَلَى الْخَيْلِ، وَقَالَ: " يَا أَبَا هُرَيْرَةَ اهْتِفْ بِالْأَنْصَارِ ". قَالَ: " اسْلُكُوا هَذَا الطَّرِيقَ فَلَا يُشْرِفَنَّ لَكُمْ أَحَدٌ إِلَّا أَنَمْتُمُوهُ ". فَنَادَى مُنَادٍ: لَا قُرَيْشَ بَعْدَ الْيَوْمِ. فَقَالَ ⦗٢٠٠⦘ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: " مَنْ دَخَلَ دَارًا فَهُوَ آمِنٌ، وَمَنْ أَلْقَى السِّلَاحَ فَهُوَ آمِنٌ ". وَعَمَدَ صَنَادِيدُ قُرَيْشٍ فَدَخَلُوا الْكَعْبَةَ فَغُصَّ بِهِمْ وَطَافَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَصَلَّى خَلْفَ الْمَقَامِ، ثُمَّ أَخَذَ بِجَنْبَيِ الْبَابِ فَخَرَجُوا فَبَايَعُوا النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ عَلَى الْإِسْلَامِ، زَادَ فِيهِ الْقَاسِمُ بْنُ سَلَّامِ بْنِ مِسْكِينٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ بِهَذَا الْإِسْنَادِ قَالَ: ثُمَّ أَتَى الْكَعْبَةَ فَأَخَذَ بِعِضَادَتَيِ الْبَابِ فَقَالَ: " مَا تَقُولُونَ وَمَا تَظُنُّونَ "؟ قَالُوا: نَقُولُ: ابْنُ أَخٍ وَابْنُ عَمٍّ حَلِيمٌ رَحِيمٌ. قَالَ: وَقَالُوا ذَلِكَ ثَلَاثًا، فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: " أَقُولُ كَمَا قَالَ يُوسُفُ: {لَا تَثْرِيبَ عَلَيْكُمُ الْيَوْمَ يَغْفِرُ اللهُ لَكُمْ وَهُوَ أَرْحَمُ الرَّاحِمِينَ} [يوسف: ٩٢]. قَالَ: فَخَرَجُوا كَأَنَّمَا نُشِرُوا مِنَ الْقُبُورِ فَدَخَلُوا فِي الْإِسْلَامِ..
Abdullah bin Rabah al-Ansari narrates from Sayyiduna Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) that when the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) entered Makkah, he sent al-Zubayr bin al-Awwam, Abu Ubaydah bin al-Jarrah and Khalid bin al-Walid (may Allah be pleased with them) at the head of the cavalry, and said: "O Abu Hurayrah, call out to the Ansar." He said: "Take this road, and let no one appear before you but that you put him down."
Then a caller announced: There will be no Quraysh after today. He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Whoever enters a house is safe, and whoever lays down his weapons is also safe." The chiefs of Quraysh entered the Ka'bah, and it was packed with them. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) performed tawaf and prayed behind the Station of Ibrahim. Then he (peace and blessings be upon him) took hold of the two sides of the doorway, and they came out and pledged allegiance to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) on Islam. (b) Al-Qasim bin Sallam bin Miskin narrates from his father with this same chain that he (peace and blessings be upon him) came to the Ka'bah, took hold of the two doorposts and said: "What do you say, and what do you think?" They said: We say: (You are) a nephew and a cousin, forbearing and merciful. The narrator said: They said this three times. Then the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "I say as Yusuf (peace be upon him) said: 'No blame upon you today; Allah will forgive you, and He is the Most Merciful of the merciful.'" [Surah Yusuf: 92] The narrator said: They came out as though they had been raised from the graves, and they accepted Islam.
Then a caller announced: There will be no Quraysh after today. He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Whoever enters a house is safe, and whoever lays down his weapons is also safe." The chiefs of Quraysh entered the Ka'bah, and it was packed with them. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) performed tawaf and prayed behind the Station of Ibrahim. Then he (peace and blessings be upon him) took hold of the two sides of the doorway, and they came out and pledged allegiance to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) on Islam. (b) Al-Qasim bin Sallam bin Miskin narrates from his father with this same chain that he (peace and blessings be upon him) came to the Ka'bah, took hold of the two doorposts and said: "What do you say, and what do you think?" They said: We say: (You are) a nephew and a cousin, forbearing and merciful. The narrator said: They said this three times. Then the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "I say as Yusuf (peace be upon him) said: 'No blame upon you today; Allah will forgive you, and He is the Most Merciful of the merciful.'" [Surah Yusuf: 92] The narrator said: They came out as though they had been raised from the graves, and they accepted Islam.
أَخْبَرَنَاهُ أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ الْمُؤَمَّلِ، أنبأ أَبُو سَعِيدٍ الرَّازِيُّ، ثنا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ أَيُّوبَ، أنبأ الْقَاسِمُ بْنُ سَلَّامٍ، فَذَكَرَهُ. وَفِيمَا حَكَى الشَّافِعِيُّ عَنْ أَبِي يُوسُفَ فِي هَذِهِ الْقِصَّةِ أَنَّهُ قَالَ لَهُمْ حِينَ اجْتَمَعُوا فِي الْمَسْجِدِ: " مَا تَرَوْنَ أَنِّي صَانِعٌ بِكُمْ؟ " قَالُوا: خَيْرًا، أَخٌ كَرِيمٌ وَابْنُ أَخٍ كَرِيمٍ. قَالَ: " اذْهَبُوا فَأَنْتُمُ الطُّلَقَاءُ ". قَالَ الشَّيْخُ: وَإِنَّمَا أَطْلَقَهُمْ بِالْأَمَانِ الْأَوَّلِ الَّذِي عَقَدَهُ عَلَى شَرْطِ قَبُولِهِمْ، فَلَمَّا قَبِلُوهُ قَالَ: " أَنْتُمُ الطُّلَقَاءُ ". يَعْنِي بِالْأَمَانِ الْأَوَّلِ، وَاللهُ أَعْلَمُ.
Imam al-Shafi'i (may Allah have mercy on him) narrates from Abu Yusuf (may Allah have mercy on him) concerning this story that he (peace and blessings be upon him) said to them, when they had gathered in the mosque: "What do you think I am going to do with you?" They said: Good; (you are) a noble brother and the son of a noble brother. He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Go, you are all free (al-tulaqa')."
The Shaykh said that he (peace and blessings be upon him) freed them by the first guarantee of safety, which he had made conditional on their acceptance; when they accepted it, he said: "You are free."
The Shaykh said that he (peace and blessings be upon him) freed them by the first guarantee of safety, which he had made conditional on their acceptance; when they accepted it, he said: "You are free."
أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَلِيٍّ الرُّوذْبَارِيُّ، أنبأ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ بَكْرٍ، ثنا أَبُو دَاوُدَ، ثنا عُثْمَانُ بْنُ أَبِي شَيْبَةَ، ثنا يَحْيَى بْنُ آدَمَ، ثنا ابْنُ إِدْرِيسَ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ إِسْحَاقَ، عَنِ الزُّهْرِيِّ، عَنْ عُبَيْدِ اللهِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ عُتْبَةَ، عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُمَا أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ عَامَ الْفَتْحِ جَاءَهُ الْعَبَّاسُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْمُطَّلِبِ بِأَبِي سُفْيَانَ بْنِ حَرْبٍ فَأَسْلَمَ بِمَرِّ الظَّهْرَانِ، فَقَالَ لَهُ الْعَبَّاسُ: يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ إِنَّ أَبَا سُفْيَانَ رَجُلٌ يُحِبُّ هَذَا الْفَخْرَ، فَلَوْ جَعَلْتَ لَهُ شَيْئًا؟ قَالَ: " نَعَمْ، مَنْ دَخَلَ دَارَ أَبِي سُفْيَانَ فَهُوَ آمِنٌ، وَمَنْ أَغْلَقَ بَابَهُ فَهُوَ آمِنٌ ".
Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) said: In the year of the Conquest, Sayyiduna al-Abbas bin Abd al-Muttalib (may Allah be pleased with him) brought Sayyiduna Abu Sufyan bin Harb (may Allah be pleased with him), and he accepted Islam at a place called Marr al-Zahran. Sayyiduna al-Abbas (may Allah be pleased with him) said: O Messenger of Allah, Abu Sufyan is a man who loves prestige, so honour him with something. He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Yes: whoever enters the house of Abu Sufyan is safe, and whoever shuts his door is also safe."
أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَلِيٍّ الرُّوذْبَارِيُّ، أنبأ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ بَكْرٍ، ثنا أَبُو دَاوُدَ، ثنا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَمْرٍو الرَّازِيُّ، ثنا سَلَمَةُ بْنُ الْفَضْلِ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ إِسْحَاقَ، عَنِ الْعَبَّاسِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ مَعْبَدٍ، عَنْ بَعْضِ أَهْلِهِ، عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُمَا قَالَ: لَمَّا نَزَلَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ بِمَرِّ الظَّهْرَانِ قَالَ الْعَبَّاسُ: قُلْتُ: وَاللهِ لَئِنْ دَخَلَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ مَكَّةَ عَنْوَةً قَبْلَ أَنْ يَأْتُوهُ فَيَسْتَأْمِنُوهُ إِنَّهُ لَهَلَاكُ قُرَيْشٍ. فَجَلَسْتُ عَلَى بَغْلَةِ رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَقُلْتُ: لَعَلِّي أَجِدُ ذَا حَاجَةٍ يَأْتِي أَهْلَ مَكَّةَ فَيُخْبِرُهُمْ بِمَكَانِ رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ لِيَخْرُجُوا إِلَيْهِ فَيَسْتَأْمِنُوهُ، وَإِنِّي لَأَسِيرُ سَمِعْتُ كَلَامَ أَبِي سُفْيَانَ وَبُدَيْلِ بْنِ وَرْقَاءَ فَقُلْتُ: يَا أَبَا حَنْظَلَةَ، فَعَرَفَ صَوْتِي، قَالَ: أَبُو الْفَضْلِ؟ قُلْتُ: نَعَمْ. قَالَ: مَا لَكَ فِدَاكَ أَبِي وَأُمِّي؟ قُلْتُ: هَذَا رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَالنَّاسُ. قَالَ: فَمَا الْحِيلَةُ؟ ⦗٢٠١⦘ قَالَ: فَرَكِبَ خَلْفِي وَرَجَعَ صَاحِبُهُ فَلَمْ أُصْبِحْ غَدَوْتُ بِهِ عَلَى رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَأَسْلَمَ، قُلْتُ: يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ، إِنَّ أَبَا سُفْيَانَ رَجُلٌ يُحِبُّ هَذَا الْفَخْرَ فَاجْعَلْ لَهُ شَيْئًا. قَالَ: " نَعَمْ، مَنْ دَخَلَ دَارَ أَبِي سُفْيَانَ فَهُوَ آمِنٌ، وَمَنْ أَغْلَقَ عَلَيْهِ دَارَهُ فَهُوَ آمِنٌ، وَمَنْ دَخَلَ الْمَسْجِدَ فَهُوَ آمِنٌ ". قَالَ فَتَفَرَّقَ النَّاسُ إِلَى دُورِهِمْ وَإِلَى الْمَسْجِدِ.
Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) said: When the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) camped at Marr al-Zahran, al-Abbas (may Allah be pleased with him) said: I said: By Allah, if the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) enters Makkah by force before they come to him and seek safety from him, it will be the destruction of Quraysh. So I sat on the mule of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) and said (to myself): Perhaps I will find someone with a need who is going to the people of Makkah, who will inform them of where the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) is, so that they come out to him and seek safety from him. As I was going along, I heard the voices of Abu Sufyan and Budayl bin Warqa'. I said: O Abu Hanzalah! He recognised my voice and said: Abu al-Fadl? I said: Yes. He said: What is the matter with you, may my father and mother be ransomed for you? I said: Here are the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) and the people (his Companions (may Allah be pleased with them)). He said: Then what is the way out? He said: He rode behind me and his companion went back, and in the morning I brought him to the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), and he accepted Islam. I said: O Messenger of Allah, Abu Sufyan is a man who loves prestige, so grant him something. He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Whoever enters the house of Abu Sufyan, or shuts his house upon himself, or enters the mosque, is safe." The narrator said: So the people dispersed to their houses and to the mosque.
أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ، أنبأ أَبُو الْفَضْلِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ الْمُزَكِّي، ثنا الْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ، ثنا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْعَلَاءِ، ثنا أَبُو أُسَامَةَ، ح قَالَ: وَأَخْبَرَنِي أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ النَّسَوِيُّ، وَاللَّفْظُ لَهُ، ثنا حَمَّادُ بْنُ شَاكِرٍ، ثنا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِسْمَاعِيلَ، ثنا عُبَيْدُ بْنُ إِسْمَاعِيلَ، ثنا أَبُو أُسَامَةَ، عَنْ هِشَامِ بْنِ عُرْوَةَ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، قَالَ: لَمَّا سَارَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ عَامَ الْفَتْحِ فَبَلَغَ ذَلِكَ قُرَيْشًا خَرَجَ أَبُو سُفْيَانَ بْنُ حَرْبٍ وَحَكِيمُ بْنُ حِزَامٍ وَبُدَيْلُ بْنُ وَرْقَاءَ يَلْتَمِسُونَ الْخَبَرَ عَنْ رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، فَأَقْبَلُوا يَسِيرُونَ حَتَّى أَتَوْا مَرَّ الظَّهْرَانِ، فَإِذَا هُمْ بِنِيرَانٍ كَأَنَّهَا نِيرَانُ عَرَفَةَ، فَقَالَ أَبُو سُفْيَانَ: مَا هَذِهِ؟ لَكَأَنَّهَا نِيرَانُ عَرَفَةَ. فَقَالَ بُدَيْلُ بْنُ وَرْقَاءَ: نِيرَانُ بَنِي عَمْرٍو. قَالَ أَبُو سُفْيَانَ: عَمْرٌو أَقَلُّ مِنْ ذَلِكَ. فَرَآهُمْ نَاسٌ مِنْ حَرَسِ رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَأَدْرَكُوهُمْ فَأَخَذُوهُمْ، وَأَتَوْا بِهِمْ رَسُولَ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَأَسْلَمَ أَبُو سُفْيَانَ، فَلَمَّا سَارَ قَالَ لِلْعَبَّاسِ: " احْبِسْ أَبَا سُفْيَانَ عِنْدَ حَطْمِ الْخَيْلِ حَتَّى يَنْظُرَ إِلَى الْمُسْلِمِينَ ". فَحَبَسَهُ الْعَبَّاسُ فَجَعَلَتِ الْقَبَائِلُ تَمُرُّ مَعَ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، تَمُرُّ كَتِيبَةً كَتِيبَةً عَلَى أَبِي سُفْيَانَ، فَمَرَّتْ كَتِيبَةٌ، قَالَ: يَا عَبَّاسُ مَنْ هَذِهِ؟ قَالَ: هَذِهِ غِفَارُ. قَالَ: مَا لِي وَلِغِفَارَ. ثُمَّ مَرَّتْ جُهَيْنَةُ فَقَالَ مِثْلَ ذَلِكَ، ثُمَّ مَرَّتْ سَعْدُ بْنُ هُذَيْمٍ فَقَالَ مِثْلَ ذَلِكَ، وَمَرَّتْ سُلَيْمٌ فَقَالَ مِثْلَ ذَلِكَ، حَتَّى أَقْبَلَتْ كَتِيبَةٌ لَمْ يَرَ مِثْلَهَا، قَالَ: مَنْ هَذِهِ؟ قَالَ هَؤُلَاءِ الْأَنْصَارُ، عَلَيْهِمْ سَعْدُ بْنُ عُبَادَةَ مَعَهُ الرَّايَةُ. فَقَالَ سَعْدُ بْنُ عُبَادَةَ: يَا أَبَا سُفْيَانَ الْيَوْمَ يَوْمُ الْمَلْحَمَةِ، الْيَوْمَ تُسْتَحَلُّ الْكَعْبَةُ. فَقَالَ أَبُو سُفْيَانَ: يَا عَبَّاسُ حَبَّذَا يَوْمُ الذِّمَارِ. ثُمَّ جَاءَتْ كَتِيبَةٌ وَهِيَ أَقَلُّ الْكَتَائِبِ فِيهِمْ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَأَصْحَابُهُ وَرَايَةُ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ مَعَ الزُّبَيْرِ بْنِ الْعَوَّامِ، فَلَمَّا مَرَّ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ بِأَبِي سُفْيَانَ قَالَ: أَلَمْ تَعْلَمْ مَا قَالَ سَعْدُ بْنُ عُبَادَةَ؟ قَالَ: " مَا قَالَ؟ " قَالَ: قَالَ كَذَا وَكَذَا. قَالَ: " كَذَبَ سَعْدٌ، وَلَكِنْ هَذَا يَوْمٌ يُعَظِّمُ اللهُ فِيهِ الْكَعْبَةَ، وَيَوْمٌ تُكْسَى فِيهِ الْكَعْبَةُ ". قَالَ: وَأَمَرَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَنْ تُرْكَزَ رَايَتُهُ بِالْحَجُونِ. قَالَ عُرْوَةُ: فَأَخْبَرَنِي نَافِعُ بْنُ جُبَيْرِ بْنِ مُطْعِمٍ قَالَ يَقُولُ: سَمِعْتُ الْعَبَّاسَ يَقُولُ لِلزُّبَيْرِ بْنِ الْعَوَّامِ: يَا أَبَا عَبْدِ اللهِ هَهُنَا أَمَرَكَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَنْ تُرْكِزَ الرَّايَةَ. قَالَ: فَأَمَرَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَوْمَئِذٍ خَالِدَ بْنَ الْوَلِيدِ أَنْ يَدْخُلَ مَكَّةَ مِنْ كُدَى، وَدَخَلَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ مِنْ كَدَاءَ، فَقُتِلَ مِنْ خَيْلِ خَالِدِ بْنِ الْوَلِيدِ يَوْمَئِذٍ رَجُلَانِ، حُبَيْشُ بْنُ الْأَشْعَرِ، وَكُرْزُ بْنُ جَابِرٍ الْفِهْرِيُّ. ⦗٢٠٢⦘ أَخْرَجَهُ الْبُخَارِيُّ فِي الصَّحِيحِ هَكَذَا.
Hisham bin Urwah narrates from his father that in the year of the Conquest (of Makkah), when the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) set out (towards Makkah), news (of it) reached Quraysh. Abu Sufyan bin Harb, Hakim bin Hizam and Budayl bin Warqa' (may Allah be pleased with them) went out seeking news about the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him). They travelled on until they reached the place called Marr al-Zahran, and suddenly they saw (the army's) fires there, as though they were the fires of Arafah. Abu Sufyan said: "What is this? It is as though these are the fires of (Arafah)." Budayl said: "These are the fires of Banu Amr." Abu Sufyan said: "Banu Amr are far fewer than that." Meanwhile, some of the guards of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) saw them, seized them and brought them to the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), and Abu Sufyan (may Allah be pleased with him) accepted Islam. When he (peace and blessings be upon him) moved on, he said to Sayyiduna Abbas (may Allah be pleased with him): "Detain Abu Sufyan at the narrow pass where the horses crowd together, so that he may see the Muslims (and their army)." So Sayyiduna Abbas (may Allah be pleased with him) detained Abu Sufyan (may Allah be pleased with him), and the various tribes began to pass by with the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him). They passed by Abu Sufyan (may Allah be pleased with him) battalion by battalion, and he would ask: "Who are these?" Sayyiduna Abbas (may Allah be pleased with him) would say: "This is the tribe of Ghifar." Abu Sufyan (may Allah be pleased with him) would say: "What have I to do with Ghifar?" Then the people of Juhaynah passed and he said the same, then Banu Sa'd bin Hudhaym passed and he said the same, then Banu Sulaym passed and he said the same. Then a very large army came, and Abu Sufyan (may Allah be pleased with him) asked: "Who are these people?" Sayyiduna Abbas (may Allah be pleased with him) said: "These are the Ansar, whose banner is in the hand of Sayyiduna Sa'd bin Ubadah (may Allah be pleased with him)." Sayyiduna Sa'd bin Ubadah (may Allah be pleased with him) said (on seeing Abu Sufyan): "O Abu Sufyan! Today is the day of slaughter; today (fighting) in the Sanctuary will be made lawful." Abu Sufyan (may Allah be pleased with him) said (to Sayyiduna Abbas (may Allah be pleased with him)): "O Abbas! What a day for defending one's honour!" Then a small battalion came, in which were the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) and his Companions (may Allah be pleased with them), and the banner of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) was with Sayyiduna al-Zubayr bin al-Awwam (may Allah be pleased with him). When the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) passed by Abu Sufyan, Abu Sufyan (may Allah be pleased with him) said to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him): "Do you know what Sa'd bin Ubadah has said?" He (peace and blessings be upon him) asked: "What did he say?" He said: "Such and such." The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Sa'd has spoken wrongly; rather, today is the day in which Allah Almighty will magnify the Ka'bah, and today the Ka'bah will be clothed with its covering." The narrator said: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) ordered that his banner be planted at (the place called) al-Hajun.
(b) Nafi' bin Jubayr bin Mut'im says: I heard Sayyiduna Abbas (may Allah be pleased with him) saying to Sayyiduna al-Zubayr bin al-Awwam (may Allah be pleased with him): "O Abu Abdullah! It is here that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) ordered you to plant the banner."
The narrator said: On that day the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) ordered Sayyiduna Khalid bin al-Walid (may Allah be pleased with him) to enter Makkah from the side of 'Kuda', and the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) himself entered from the side of 'Kada''. Two men from the cavalry of Sayyiduna Khalid bin al-Walid (may Allah be pleased with him), Hubaysh bin al-Ash'ar and Kurz bin Jabir al-Fihri (may Allah be pleased with them), were martyred.
(b) Nafi' bin Jubayr bin Mut'im says: I heard Sayyiduna Abbas (may Allah be pleased with him) saying to Sayyiduna al-Zubayr bin al-Awwam (may Allah be pleased with him): "O Abu Abdullah! It is here that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) ordered you to plant the banner."
The narrator said: On that day the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) ordered Sayyiduna Khalid bin al-Walid (may Allah be pleased with him) to enter Makkah from the side of 'Kuda', and the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) himself entered from the side of 'Kada''. Two men from the cavalry of Sayyiduna Khalid bin al-Walid (may Allah be pleased with him), Hubaysh bin al-Ash'ar and Kurz bin Jabir al-Fihri (may Allah be pleased with them), were martyred.
أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو نَصْرِ بْنُ قَتَادَةَ، أنبأ أَبُو الْحَسَنِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ زَكَرِيَّا الْأَدِيبُ، ثنا الْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ الْقَبَّانِيُّ، ثنا أَبُو كُرَيْبٍ، ثنا زَيْدُ بْنُ الْحُبَابِ، حَدَّثَنِي عُمَرُ بْنُ عُثْمَانَ بْنِ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ سَعِيدٍ الْمَخْزُومِيُّ، حَدَّثَنِي جَدِّي، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ يَوْمَ فَتْحِ مَكَّةَ " أُمِّنَ النَّاسُ إِلَّا هَؤُلَاءِ الْأَرْبَعَةُ فَلَا يُؤَمَّنُونَ فِي حِلٍّ وَلَا حَرَمٍ، ابْنُ خَطَلٍ، وَمَقِيسُ بْنُ صُبَابَةَ الْمَخْزُومِيُّ، وَعَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ أَبِي سَرْحٍ، وَابْنُ نُقَيْذٍ ". فَأَمَّا ابْنُ خَطَلٍ فَقَتَلَهُ الزُّبَيْرُ بْنُ الْعَوَّامِ، وَأَمَّا عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ سَعْدِ بْنِ أَبِي سَرْحٍ فَاسْتَأْمَنَ لَهُ عُثْمَانُ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ فَأُومِنَ، وَكَانَ أَخَاهُ مِنَ الرَّضَاعَةِ فَلَمْ يُقْتَلْ، وَمَقِيسُ بْنُ صُبَابَةَ قَتَلَهُ ابْنُ عَمٍّ لَهُ لَحًّا قَدْ سَمَّاهُ، وَقَتَلَ عَلِيٌّ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ ابْنَ نُقَيذٍ وَقَيْنَتَيْنِ كَانَتَا لِمَقِيسٍ فَقُتِلَتْ إِحْدَاهُمَا وَأَفْلَتَتِ الْأُخْرَى وَأَسْلَمَتْ أَبُو جَدِّهِ سَعِيدُ بْنُ يَرْبُوعٍ الْمَخْزُومِيُّ، قَالَهُ الْقَبَّانِيُّ، وَفِي حَدِيثِ أَنَسِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ فِيمَنْ أَمَرَ بِقَتْلِهِ أُمُّ سَارَّةَ مَوْلَاةٌ لِقُرَيْشٍ، وَفِي رِوَايَةِ ابْنِ إِسْحَاقَ فِي الْمَغَازِي سَارَّةُ مَوْلَاةٌ لِبَعْضِ بَنِي عَبْدِ الْمُطَّلِبِ، وَكَانَتْ مِمَّنْ يُؤْذِيهِ بِمَكَّةَ.
Umar bin Uthman bin Abd al-Rahman bin Sa'id al-Makhzumi says: My grandfather narrated from his father that in the year of the Conquest of Makkah the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) granted safety to all the people except four individuals: "They are not to be given safety under any circumstances, rather they will be killed": 1. Ibn Khatal, 2. Miqyas bin Subabah, 3. Abdullah bin Abi Sarh, 4. Ibn Nuqaydh. Ibn Khatal was killed by al-Zubayr bin al-Awwam (may Allah be pleased with him). For Abdullah bin Abi Sarh, Uthman (may Allah be pleased with him) obtained a guarantee of safety, because he was his foster brother. Miqyas bin Subabah was killed by a close paternal cousin of his, whom he named. Ibn Nuqaydh was killed by Ali (may Allah be pleased with him). Miqyas also had two singing girls; one was killed and the other escaped, and she accepted Islam.
In the hadith of Anas bin Malik (may Allah be pleased with him) it is stated that among those whose killing he ordered was Umm Sarah, a freed slave woman of Quraysh.
In the narration of Ibn Ishaq in al-Maghazi it is stated that she was a freed slave woman of some of Banu Abd al-Muttalib, who used to harm him (peace and blessings be upon him) in Makkah.
In the hadith of Anas bin Malik (may Allah be pleased with him) it is stated that among those whose killing he ordered was Umm Sarah, a freed slave woman of Quraysh.
In the narration of Ibn Ishaq in al-Maghazi it is stated that she was a freed slave woman of some of Banu Abd al-Muttalib, who used to harm him (peace and blessings be upon him) in Makkah.
أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ، أنبأ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللهِ الْبَغْدَادِيُّ، ثنا أَبُو عُلَاثَةَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَمْرِو بْنِ خَالِدٍ، ثنا أَبِي عَمْرُو بْنُ خَالِدٍ، ثنا ابْنُ لَهِيعَةَ، ثنا أَبُو الْأَسْوَدِ، عَنْ عُرْوَةَ بْنِ الزُّبَيْرِ، ح وَأَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو الْحُسَيْنِ بْنُ الْفَضْلِ الْقَطَّانُ بِبَغْدَادَ، أنبأ أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ عَتَّابٍ، ثنا الْقَاسِمُ الْجَوْهَرِيُّ، ثنا ابْنُ أَبِي أُوَيْسٍ، ثنا إِسْمَاعِيلُ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ عُقْبَةَ، عَنْ عَمِّهِ مُوسَى بْنِ عُقْبَةَ، وَهَذَا لَفْظُ حَدِيثِ مُوسَى وَحَدِيثُ عُرْوَةَ بِمَعْنَاهُ قَالَ: ثُمَّ إِنَّ بَنِي نُفَاثَةَ مِنْ بَنِي الدِّيلِ أَغَارُوا عَلَى بَنِي كَعْبٍ وَهُمْ فِي الْمُدَّةِ الَّتِي بَيْنَ رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَبَيْنَ قُرَيْشٍ، وَكَانَ بَنُو كَعْبٍ فِي صُلْحِ رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، وَكَانَ بَنُو نُفَاثَةَ فِي صُلْحِ قُرَيْشٍ، فَأَعَانَتْ بَنُو بَكْرٍ بَنِي نُفَاثَةَ وَأَعَانَتْهُمْ قُرَيْشٌ بِالسِّلَاحِ وَالرَّقِيقِ، فَذَكَرَ الْقِصَّةَ قَالَ: فَخَرَجَ رَكْبٌ مِنْ بَنِي كَعْبٍ حَتَّى أَتَوْا رَسُولَ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَذَكَرُوا لَهُ الَّذِي أَصَابَهُمْ وَمَا كَانَ مِنْ قُرَيْشٍ عَلَيْهِمْ فِي ذَلِكَ، ثُمَّ ذَكَرَ قِصَّةَ خُرُوجِ رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ إِلَى مَكَّةَ وَقِصَّةَ الْعَبَّاسِ وَأَبِي سُفْيَانَ حِينَ أَتَى بِهِ رَسُولَ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ بِمَرِّ الظَّهْرَانِ وَمَعَهُ حَكِيمُ بْنُ حِزَامٍ وَبُدَيْلُ بْنُ وَرْقَاءَ قَالَ: فَقَالَ أَبُو سُفْيَانَ وَحَكِيمٌ: يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ ادْعُ النَّاسَ إِلَى الْأَمَانِ، أَرَأَيْتَ إِنِ اعْتَزَلَتْ قُرَيْشٌ فَكَفَّتْ أَيْدِيَهُمْ آمِنُونَ هُمْ؟ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: " نَعَمْ، مَنْ كَفَّ يَدَهُ وَأَغْلَقَ دَارَهُ فَهُوَ آمِنٌ ". قَالُوا: فَابْعَثْنَا نُؤَذِّنْ بِذَلِكَ فِيهِمْ. قَالَ: " انْطَلِقُوا فَمَنْ دَخَلَ دَارَكَ يَا أَبَا سُفْيَانَ وَدَارَكَ يَا حَكِيمُ وَكَفَّ يَدَهُ فَهُوَ آمِنٌ ". وَدَارُ أَبِي سُفْيَانَ بِأَعْلَى مَكَّةَ، وَدَارُ حَكِيمٍ بِأَسْفَلِ مَكَّةَ، فَلَمَّا ⦗٢٠٣⦘ تَوَجَّهَا ذَاهِبَيْنِ قَالَ الْعَبَّاسُ: يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ إِنِّي لَا آمَنُ أَبَا سُفْيَانَ أَنْ يَرْجِعَ عَنْ إِسْلَامِهِ. قَالَ: " رُدَّهُ حَتَّى يَقِفَ وَيَرَى جُنُودَ اللهِ مَعَكَ ". فَأَدْرَكَهُ عَبَّاسٌ فَحَبَسَهُ، فَقَالَ أَبُو سُفْيَانَ: أَغَدْرًا يَا بَنِي هَاشِمٍ؟ فَقَالَ الْعَبَّاسُ: سَتَعْلَمُ أَنَّا لَسْنَا بِغُدُرٍ وَلَكِنْ لِي إِلَيْكَ حَاجَةٌ فَأَصْبِحْ حَتَّى تَنْظُرَ جُنُودَ اللهِ. ثُمَّ ذَكَرَ قِصَّةَ إِيقَافِ أَبِي سُفْيَانَ حَتَّى مَرَّتْ بِهِ الْجُنُودُ، قَالَ: وَبَعَثَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ الزُّبَيْرَ بْنَ الْعَوَّامِ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ عَلَى الْمُهَاجِرِينَ وَخَيْلِهِمْ، وَأَمَرَهُ أَنْ يَدْخُلَ مِنْ كَدَاءَ مِنْ أَعْلَى مَكَّةَ، وَأَعْطَاهُ رَايَتَهُ وَأَمَرَهُ أَنْ يَغْرِزَهَا بِالْحَجُونِ وَلَا يَبْرَحَ حَيْثُ أَمَرَهُ يَغْرِزُهَا حَتَّى يَأْتِيَهُ، وَبَعَثَ خَالِدَ بْنَ الْوَلِيدِ فِيمَنْ كَانَ أَسْلَمَ مِنْ قُضَاعَةَ وَبَنِي سُلَيْمٍ وَنَاسًا أَسْلَمُوا قَبْلَ ذَلِكَ وَأَمَرَهُ أَنْ يَدْخُلَ مِنْ أَسْفَلِ مَكَّةَ، وَأَمَرَهُ أَنْ يَغْرِزَ رَايَتَهُ عِنْدَ أَدْنَى الْبُيُوتِ بِأَسْفَلِ مَكَّةَ، وَبِأَسْفَلِ مَكَّةَ بَنُو بَكْرٍ وَبَنُو الْحَارِثِ بْنِ عَبْدِ مَنَاةٍ وَهُذَيْلٌ وَمَنْ كَانَ مَعَهُمْ مِنَ الْأَحَابِيشِ قَدِ اسْتَنْصَرَتْ بِهِمْ قُرَيْشٌ، فَأَمَرَهُمْ أَنْ يَكُونُوا بِأَسْفَلِ مَكَّةَ، وَبَعَثَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ سَعْدَ بْنَ عُبَادَةَ فِي كَتِيبَةٍ مِنَ الْأَنْصَارِ فِي مُقَدِّمَةِ رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَأَمَرَهُمْ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَنْ يَكُفُّوا أَيْدِيَهُمْ فَلَا يُقَاتِلُوا أَحَدًا إِلَّا مَنْ قَاتَلَهُمْ، وَأَمَرَ بِقَتْلِ أَرْبَعَةِ نَفَرٍ مِنْهُمْ، عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ سَعْدِ بْنِ أَبِي سَرْحٍ، وَالْحَارِثِ بْنِ نُقَيْذٍ، وَابْنِ خَطَلٍ، وَمَقِيسِ بْنِ صُبَابَةَ، وَأَمَرَ بِقَتْلِ قَيْنَتَيْنِ لِابْنِ خَطَلٍ كَانَتَا تُغَنِّيَانِ بِهِجَاءِ رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، فَمَرَّتِ الْكَتَائِبُ تَتْلُو بَعْضُهَا بَعْضًا عَلَى أَبِي سُفْيَانَ وَحَكِيمٍ وَبُدَيْلٍ، لَا يَمُرُّ عَلَيْهِمْ كَتِيبَةٌ إِلَّا سَأَلُوا عَنْهَا، حَتَّى مَرَّتْ عَلَيْهِمْ كَتِيبَةُ الْأَنْصَارِ فِيهَا سَعْدُ بْنُ عُبَادَةَ، فَنَادَى سَعْدٌ أَبَا سُفْيَانَ: الْيَوْمَ يَوْمُ الْمَلْحَمَةِ الْيَوْمَ تُسْتَحَلُّ الْحُرْمَةُ. فَلَمَّا مَرَّ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ بِأَبِي سُفْيَانَ فِي الْمُهَاجِرِينَ قَالَ: يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ أَمَرْتَ بِقَوْمِكَ أَنْ يُقَتَّلُوا، فَإِنَّ سَعْدَ بْنَ عُبَادَةَ وَمَنْ مَعَهُ حِينَ مَرُّوا بِي نَادَانِي سَعْدٌ فَقَالَ: الْيَوْمَ يَوْمُ الْمَلْحَمَةِ، الْيَوْمَ تُسْتَحَلُّ الْحُرْمَةُ، وَإِنِّي أُنَاشِدُكَ اللهَ فِي قَوْمِكَ. فَأَرْسَلَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ إِلَى سَعْدِ بْنِ عُبَادَةَ فَعَزَلَهُ، وَجَعَلَ الزُّبَيْرَ بْنَ الْعَوَّامِ مَكَانَهُ عَلَى الْأَنْصَارِ مَعَ الْمُهَاجِرِينَ، فَسَارَ الزُّبَيْرُ بِالنَّاسِ حَتَّى وَقَفَ بِالْحَجُونِ وَغَرَزَ بِهَا رَايَةَ رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، وَانْدَفَعَ خَالِدُ بْنُ الْوَلِيدِ حَتَّى دَخَلَ مِنْ أَسْفَلِ مَكَّةَ، فَلَقِيَهُ بَنُو بَكْرٍ فَقَاتَلُوهُ فَهُزِمُوا وَقُتِلَ مِنْ بَنِي بَكْرٍ قَرِيبٌ مِنْ عِشْرِينَ رَجُلًا، وَمِنْ هُذَيْلٍ ثَلَاثَةٌ أَوْ أَرْبَعَةٌ وَانْهَزَمُوا، وَقُتِلُوا بِالْحَزْوَرَةِ حَتَّى بَلَغَ قَتْلُهُمْ بَابَ الْمَسْجِدِ، وَفَرَّ فَضَضُهُمْ حَتَّى دَخَلُوا الدُّورَ، وَارْتَقَتْ طَائِفَةٌ مِنْهُمْ عَلَى الْجِبَالِ وَاتَّبَعَهُمُ الْمُسْلِمُونَ بِالسُّيُوفِ، وَدَخَلَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فِي الْمُهَاجِرِينَ الْأَوَّلِينَ فِي أُخْرَيَاتِ النَّاسِ، وَصَاحَ أَبُو سُفْيَانَ حِينَ دَخَلَ مَكَّةَ: مَنْ أَغْلَقَ دَارَهُ وَكَفَّ يَدَهُ فَهُوَ آمِنٌ. فَقَالَتْ لَهُ هِنْدُ بِنْتُ عُتْبَةَ وَهِيَ امْرَأَتَهُ: قَبَّحَكَ اللهُ مِنْ طَلِيعَةِ قَوْمٍ وَقَبَّحَ عَشِيرَتَكَ مَعَكَ. وَأَخَذَتْ بِلِحْيَةِ أَبِي سُفْيَانَ وَنَادَتْ: يَا آلَ غَالِبٍ، اقْتُلُوا الشَّيْخَ الْأَحْمَقَ، هَلَّا قَاتَلْتُمْ وَدَفَعْتُمْ عَنْ أَنْفُسِكُمْ وَبِلَادِكُمْ؟ فَقَالَ لَهَا أَبُو سُفْيَانُ: وَيْحَكِ اسْكُتِي وَادْخُلِي بَيْتَكِ فَإِنَّهُ جَاءَنَا بِالْحَقِّ. وَلَمَّا عَلَا رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ثَنِيَّةَ كَدَاءَ نَظَرَ إِلَى الْبَارِقَةِ عَلَى الْجَبَلِ مَعَ فَضَضِ الْمُشْرِكِينَ فَقَالَ: " مَا هَذَا⦗٢٠٤⦘ وَقَدْ نَهَيْتُ عَنِ الْقِتَالِ "؟ فَقَالَ الْمُهَاجِرُونَ: نَظُنُّ أَنَّ خَالِدًا قُوتِلَ وَبُدِئَ بِالْقِتَالِ فَلَمْ يَكُنْ لَهُ بُدٌّ مِنْ أَنْ يُقَاتِلَ مَنْ قَاتَلَهُ، وَمَا كَانَ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ لِيَعْصِيَكَ وَلَا لِيُخَالِفَ أَمْرَكَ. فَهَبَطَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ مِنَ الثَّنِيَّةِ فَأَجَازَ عَلَى الْحَجُونِ، وَانْدَفَعَ الزُّبَيْرُ بْنُ الْعَوَّامِ حَتَّى وَقَفَ بِبَابِ الْكَعْبَةِ وَذَكَرَ الْقِصَّةَ، قَالَ فِيهَا: وَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ لِخَالِدِ بْنِ الْوَلِيدِ: " لِمَ قَاتَلْتَ وَقَدْ نَهَيْتُكَ عَنِ الْقِتَالِ؟ " فَقَالَ: هُمْ بَدَؤُونَا بِالْقِتَالِ وَوَضَعُوا فِينَا السِّلَاحَ وَأَشْعَرُونَا بِالنَّبْلِ، وَقَدْ كَفَفْتُ يَدِي مَا اسْتَطَعْتُ. فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: " قَضَاءُ اللهِ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ خَيْرٌ ".
Isma'il bin Ibrahim bin Uqbah narrates from his paternal uncle Musa bin Uqbah; these are the words of Musa's hadith, and the hadith of Urwah has the same meaning. He says: Banu Nufathah, who are of Banu al-Dil, raided Banu Ka'b. This was during the period of truce between the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) and Quraysh; Banu Ka'b were included with the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) in the peace treaty, and Banu Nufathah were allies of Quraysh. So Banu Bakr helped Banu Nufathah, and Quraysh helped them with weapons and slaves. He mentioned the story.
He says: A party of riders from Banu Ka'b came to the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), told the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) what had befallen them, and mentioned how Quraysh had helped against them. Then he mentioned the setting out of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) towards Makkah, and how Sayyiduna Abbas (may Allah be pleased with him) brought Sayyiduna Abu Sufyan (may Allah be pleased with him) to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) at Marr al-Zahran, with Sayyiduna Hakim bin Hizam (may Allah be pleased with him) and Budayl bin Warqa' with him. The narrator says: Sayyiduna Abu Sufyan and Sayyiduna Hakim (may Allah be pleased with them both) said: O Messenger of Allah! Call the people to safety. What is your view: if Quraysh keep aside and refrain from fighting, will they be safe? He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Whoever refrains from fighting and shuts the door of his house is safe." They said: Send us so that we may announce this among them. He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Go; whoever enters the house of Abu Sufyan or of Hakim and refrains from fighting is also safe." The house of Sayyiduna Abu Sufyan (may Allah be pleased with him) was in the upper part of Makkah, while the house of Sayyiduna Hakim (may Allah be pleased with him) was in the lower part. When the two of them set off, Sayyiduna Abbas (may Allah be pleased with him) said: O Messenger of Allah! I do not feel safe that Abu Sufyan will not turn back from his Islam. He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Bring him back, so that he may stay and see the armies of Allah with you." So Sayyiduna Abbas (may Allah be pleased with him) detained him. Sayyiduna Abu Sufyan (may Allah be pleased with him) said: O Banu Hashim! Is this treachery? Sayyiduna Abbas (may Allah be pleased with him) said: You will come to know that we are not treacherous, but I have a need of you; stay until morning and witness the armies of Allah. Then he mentioned the story of detaining Abu Sufyan until the armies passed by. The narrator says: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) appointed Sayyiduna al-Zubayr bin al-Awwam (may Allah be pleased with him) over the Muhajirun and their cavalry, and ordered him to enter Makkah from the upper side, by way of Kada'. He (peace and blessings be upon him) gave him his banner and said: "Plant it at the place called al-Hajun." Sayyiduna al-Zubayr bin al-Awwam (may Allah be pleased with him) was to stay at that place until the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) arrived. He sent Sayyiduna Khalid bin al-Walid (may Allah be pleased with him) with Banu Quda'ah, Banu Sulaym and those who had accepted Islam before them, and ordered him to enter from the lower side of Makkah and to plant the banner near the nearest houses of the lower part. Here were Banu Bakr, Banu al-Harith bin Abd Manah, Hudhayl and some other tribes; Quraysh had sought their help and told them to come to the lower side of Makkah. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) had appointed Sayyiduna Sa'd bin Ubadah (may Allah be pleased with him) over the battalion of the Ansar in his vanguard, and ordered them to fight only those who came to fight them. He ordered four individuals to be killed: 1. Abdullah bin Sa'd bin Abi Sarh, 2. al-Harith bin Nuqaydh, 3. Ibn Khatal, 4. Miqyas bin Subabah; and he ordered the killing of two singing slave girls of Ibn Khatal who used to satirise the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him). The various armies passed by Sayyiduna Abu Sufyan, Budayl and Sayyiduna Hakim (may Allah be pleased with them), and they asked about each of them, until the battalion of the Ansar came, whose commander was Sayyiduna Sa'd bin Ubadah (may Allah be pleased with him). Sayyiduna Sa'd bin Ubadah (may Allah be pleased with him) called out to Sayyiduna Abu Sufyan (may Allah be pleased with him): Today is the day of slaughter; today even fighting in the Sanctuary is permissible. When the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) passed by Sayyiduna Abu Sufyan (may Allah be pleased with him) with the Muhajirun, Sayyiduna Abu Sufyan (may Allah be pleased with him) said: O Messenger of Allah! Have you (peace and blessings be upon him) ordered that your people be killed? For Sa'd bin Ubadah passed by me with his men and called out, saying: Today is the day of slaughter; today even fighting in the Sanctuary is permissible. I implore you (peace and blessings be upon him) by Allah concerning your people. So the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) removed Sayyiduna Sa'd bin Ubadah (may Allah be pleased with him) and appointed Sayyiduna al-Zubayr bin al-Awwam (may Allah be pleased with him) as commander over the Ansar along with the Muhajirun. Sayyiduna al-Zubayr (may Allah be pleased with him) went to the place called al-Hajun and planted the banner of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) there. Sayyiduna Khalid bin al-Walid (may Allah be pleased with him) entered from the lower side of Makkah, and Banu Bakr fought him, and they were defeated. About twenty men of Banu Bakr and three or four men of Hudhayl were killed. They were routed, and the fighting with them continued up to the door of the Mosque; their scattered remnants fled and entered the houses, and a group climbed the mountain, and the Muslims pursued them with swords. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) entered with the first Muhajirun at the rear of the people. Sayyiduna Abu Sufyan (may Allah be pleased with him), on entering Makkah, called out loudly: Whoever shuts his door and refrains from fighting is safe. His wife Hind bint Utbah (may Allah be pleased with her) said: May Allah disgrace you as the scout of a people, and disgrace your clan along with you! She seized Abu Sufyan's beard and cried out loudly: O family of Ghalib! Kill this foolish old man! Why did you not fight and defend yourselves and your lands? Sayyiduna Abu Sufyan (may Allah be pleased with him) said: Woe to you! Be quiet and go into your house, for he has brought us the truth. When the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) came up onto the path of the Thaniyyah, he (peace and blessings be upon him) saw the gleam of weapons on the mountain among the scattered remnants of the polytheists. He (peace and blessings be upon him) asked: "What is this, when I had forbidden fighting?" The Muhajirun said: We think that Khalid bin al-Walid is engaged in fighting, because it seems he was forced into fighting; otherwise he would not disobey or go against your (peace and blessings be upon him) order. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) came down from the Thaniyyah and passed by al-Hajun, and Sayyiduna al-Zubayr bin al-Awwam (may Allah be pleased with him) pressed on until he stood at the door of the Ka'bah. He mentioned the story. In it is that he (peace and blessings be upon him) asked Sayyiduna Khalid bin al-Walid (may Allah be pleased with him): "Why did you fight when I had forbidden you?" He replied that they had started the fighting, had begun using weapons and shot arrows at us, and that I refrained from fighting as much as I could. So the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "The decree of Allah is better."
He says: A party of riders from Banu Ka'b came to the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), told the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) what had befallen them, and mentioned how Quraysh had helped against them. Then he mentioned the setting out of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) towards Makkah, and how Sayyiduna Abbas (may Allah be pleased with him) brought Sayyiduna Abu Sufyan (may Allah be pleased with him) to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) at Marr al-Zahran, with Sayyiduna Hakim bin Hizam (may Allah be pleased with him) and Budayl bin Warqa' with him. The narrator says: Sayyiduna Abu Sufyan and Sayyiduna Hakim (may Allah be pleased with them both) said: O Messenger of Allah! Call the people to safety. What is your view: if Quraysh keep aside and refrain from fighting, will they be safe? He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Whoever refrains from fighting and shuts the door of his house is safe." They said: Send us so that we may announce this among them. He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Go; whoever enters the house of Abu Sufyan or of Hakim and refrains from fighting is also safe." The house of Sayyiduna Abu Sufyan (may Allah be pleased with him) was in the upper part of Makkah, while the house of Sayyiduna Hakim (may Allah be pleased with him) was in the lower part. When the two of them set off, Sayyiduna Abbas (may Allah be pleased with him) said: O Messenger of Allah! I do not feel safe that Abu Sufyan will not turn back from his Islam. He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Bring him back, so that he may stay and see the armies of Allah with you." So Sayyiduna Abbas (may Allah be pleased with him) detained him. Sayyiduna Abu Sufyan (may Allah be pleased with him) said: O Banu Hashim! Is this treachery? Sayyiduna Abbas (may Allah be pleased with him) said: You will come to know that we are not treacherous, but I have a need of you; stay until morning and witness the armies of Allah. Then he mentioned the story of detaining Abu Sufyan until the armies passed by. The narrator says: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) appointed Sayyiduna al-Zubayr bin al-Awwam (may Allah be pleased with him) over the Muhajirun and their cavalry, and ordered him to enter Makkah from the upper side, by way of Kada'. He (peace and blessings be upon him) gave him his banner and said: "Plant it at the place called al-Hajun." Sayyiduna al-Zubayr bin al-Awwam (may Allah be pleased with him) was to stay at that place until the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) arrived. He sent Sayyiduna Khalid bin al-Walid (may Allah be pleased with him) with Banu Quda'ah, Banu Sulaym and those who had accepted Islam before them, and ordered him to enter from the lower side of Makkah and to plant the banner near the nearest houses of the lower part. Here were Banu Bakr, Banu al-Harith bin Abd Manah, Hudhayl and some other tribes; Quraysh had sought their help and told them to come to the lower side of Makkah. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) had appointed Sayyiduna Sa'd bin Ubadah (may Allah be pleased with him) over the battalion of the Ansar in his vanguard, and ordered them to fight only those who came to fight them. He ordered four individuals to be killed: 1. Abdullah bin Sa'd bin Abi Sarh, 2. al-Harith bin Nuqaydh, 3. Ibn Khatal, 4. Miqyas bin Subabah; and he ordered the killing of two singing slave girls of Ibn Khatal who used to satirise the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him). The various armies passed by Sayyiduna Abu Sufyan, Budayl and Sayyiduna Hakim (may Allah be pleased with them), and they asked about each of them, until the battalion of the Ansar came, whose commander was Sayyiduna Sa'd bin Ubadah (may Allah be pleased with him). Sayyiduna Sa'd bin Ubadah (may Allah be pleased with him) called out to Sayyiduna Abu Sufyan (may Allah be pleased with him): Today is the day of slaughter; today even fighting in the Sanctuary is permissible. When the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) passed by Sayyiduna Abu Sufyan (may Allah be pleased with him) with the Muhajirun, Sayyiduna Abu Sufyan (may Allah be pleased with him) said: O Messenger of Allah! Have you (peace and blessings be upon him) ordered that your people be killed? For Sa'd bin Ubadah passed by me with his men and called out, saying: Today is the day of slaughter; today even fighting in the Sanctuary is permissible. I implore you (peace and blessings be upon him) by Allah concerning your people. So the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) removed Sayyiduna Sa'd bin Ubadah (may Allah be pleased with him) and appointed Sayyiduna al-Zubayr bin al-Awwam (may Allah be pleased with him) as commander over the Ansar along with the Muhajirun. Sayyiduna al-Zubayr (may Allah be pleased with him) went to the place called al-Hajun and planted the banner of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) there. Sayyiduna Khalid bin al-Walid (may Allah be pleased with him) entered from the lower side of Makkah, and Banu Bakr fought him, and they were defeated. About twenty men of Banu Bakr and three or four men of Hudhayl were killed. They were routed, and the fighting with them continued up to the door of the Mosque; their scattered remnants fled and entered the houses, and a group climbed the mountain, and the Muslims pursued them with swords. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) entered with the first Muhajirun at the rear of the people. Sayyiduna Abu Sufyan (may Allah be pleased with him), on entering Makkah, called out loudly: Whoever shuts his door and refrains from fighting is safe. His wife Hind bint Utbah (may Allah be pleased with her) said: May Allah disgrace you as the scout of a people, and disgrace your clan along with you! She seized Abu Sufyan's beard and cried out loudly: O family of Ghalib! Kill this foolish old man! Why did you not fight and defend yourselves and your lands? Sayyiduna Abu Sufyan (may Allah be pleased with him) said: Woe to you! Be quiet and go into your house, for he has brought us the truth. When the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) came up onto the path of the Thaniyyah, he (peace and blessings be upon him) saw the gleam of weapons on the mountain among the scattered remnants of the polytheists. He (peace and blessings be upon him) asked: "What is this, when I had forbidden fighting?" The Muhajirun said: We think that Khalid bin al-Walid is engaged in fighting, because it seems he was forced into fighting; otherwise he would not disobey or go against your (peace and blessings be upon him) order. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) came down from the Thaniyyah and passed by al-Hajun, and Sayyiduna al-Zubayr bin al-Awwam (may Allah be pleased with him) pressed on until he stood at the door of the Ka'bah. He mentioned the story. In it is that he (peace and blessings be upon him) asked Sayyiduna Khalid bin al-Walid (may Allah be pleased with him): "Why did you fight when I had forbidden you?" He replied that they had started the fighting, had begun using weapons and shot arrows at us, and that I refrained from fighting as much as I could. So the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "The decree of Allah is better."
أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَلِيٍّ الرُّوذْبَارِيُّ، أنبأ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ بَكْرٍ، ثنا أَبُو دَاوُدَ، ثنا الْحَسَنُ بْنُ الصَّبَّاحِ، ثنا إِسْمَاعِيلُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْكَرِيمِ، حَدَّثَنِي إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ عَقِيلِ بْنِ مَعْقِلٍ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنْ وَهْبٍ، قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ جَابِرًا هَلْ غَنِمُوا يَوْمَ الْفَتْحِ شَيْئًا؟ قَالَ: لَا.
Ibrahim bin Aqil bin Ma'qil narrates from his father, from Wahb, who said: I asked Sayyiduna Jabir (may Allah be pleased with them both): "Was any booty taken on the day of the Conquest of Makkah?" He said: "No."
وَأَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ، ثنا أَبُو الْعَبَّاسِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ، ثنا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْجَبَّارِ، ثنا يُونُسُ، عَنِ ابْنِ إِسْحَاقَ، حَدَّثَنِي يَحْيَى بْنُ عَبَّادٍ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنْ أَسْمَاءَ بِنْتِ أَبِي بَكْرٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهَا فِي قِصَّةِ أَبِي قُحَافَةَ وَابْنَةٍ لَهُ مِنْ أَصْغَرِ وَلَدِهِ كَانَتْ تَقُودُهُ يَوْمَ الْفَتْحِ، حَتَّى إِذَا هَبَطَتْ بِهِ إِلَى الْأَبْطَحِ لَقِيَتْهَا الْخَيْلُ وَفِي عُنُقِهَا طَوْقٌ لَهَا مِنْ وَرِقٍ، فَاقْتَطَعَهُ إِنْسَانٌ مِنْ عُنُقِهَا، فَلَمَّا دَخَلَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ الْمَسْجِدَ خَرَجَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ حَتَّى جَاءَ بِأَبِيهِ، فَذَكَرَ الْحَدِيثَ فِي إِسْلَامِهِ، ثُمَّ قَامَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ فَأَخَذَ بِيَدِ أُخْتِهِ فَقَالَ: أَنْشُدُكُمْ بِاللهِ وَالْإِسْلَامِ طَوْقَ أُخْتِي. فَوَاللهِ مَا أَجَابَهُ أَحَدٌ، ثُمَّ قَالَ الثَّانِيَةَ فَمَا أَجَابَهُ أَحَدٌ فَقَالَ: يَا أُخَيَّةُ احْتَسِبِي طَوْقَكِ فَوَاللهِ إِنَّ الْأَمَانَةَ الْيَوْمَ فِي النَّاسِ لَقَلِيلٌ. وَهَذَا يَدُلُّ عَلَى أَنَّهُمْ لَمْ يَغْنَمُوا شَيْئًا، وَأَنَّهَا فُتِحَتْ صُلْحًا إِذْ لَوْ فُتِحَتْ عَنْوَةً لَكَانَتْ وَمَا مَعَهَا غَنِيمَةً، وَلَكَانَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ لَا يَطْلُبُ طَوْقَهَا.
Sayyidah Asma' bint Abi Bakr (may Allah be pleased with them both) narrates, concerning the story of Abu Quhafah and a daughter of his, one of his youngest children, that she was leading him on the day of the Conquest. When she came down with him to al-Abtah, the cavalry met her, and around her neck was a necklace of silver. Some person cut it from her neck. When the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) entered the Mosque, Sayyiduna Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) went out and brought his father. He mentioned the hadith about his accepting Islam. Then Sayyiduna Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) stood up, took his sister by the hand and said: "I adjure you by Allah and by Islam: (return) my sister's necklace." By Allah, no one answered him. Then he said it a second time, and still no one answered him. Then he said: "O my little sister! Seek your reward with Allah for your necklace, for by Allah, trustworthiness among the people today is scarce."
This indicates that they did not take any booty, and that it was a conquest by peace; for had it been conquered by force, she and what she had with her would have been booty, and Sayyiduna Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) would not have sought her necklace.
This indicates that they did not take any booty, and that it was a conquest by peace; for had it been conquered by force, she and what she had with her would have been booty, and Sayyiduna Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) would not have sought her necklace.
حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ إِمْلَاءً وَقِرَاءَةً، ثنا أَبُو الْعَبَّاسِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ، ثنا بَحْرُ بْنُ نَصْرٍ الْخَوْلَانِيُّ، ثنا ابْنُ وَهْبٍ، أَخْبَرَنِي يُونُسُ بْنُ يَزِيدَ، عَنِ ابْنِ شِهَابٍ، أَخْبَرَنِي عَلِيُّ بْنُ حُسَيْنٍ، أَنَّ عَمْرَو بْنَ عُثْمَانَ أَخْبَرَهُ عَنْ أُسَامَةَ بْنِ زَيْدٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُمَا قَالَ: يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ أَتَنْزِلُ فِي دَارِكَ بِمَكَّةَ؟ قَالَ: " وَهَلْ تَرَكَ لَنَا عَقِيلٌ مِنْ رِبَاعٍ أَوْ دُورٍ؟ ". وَكَانَ عَقِيلٌ وَرِثَ أَبَا طَالِبٍ هُوَ وَطَالِبٌ وَلَمْ يَرِثْهُ عَلِيٌّ وَلَا جَعْفَرٌ شَيْئًا؛ لِأَنَّهُمَا كَانَا مُسْلِمَيْنِ، وَكَانَ عَقِيلٌ وَطَالِبٌ كَافِرَيْنِ. أَخْرَجَهُ الْبُخَارِيُّ وَمُسْلِمٌ فِي الصَّحِيحِ مِنْ حَدِيثِ ابْنِ وَهْبٍ كَمَا مَضَى.
Sayyiduna Usamah bin Zayd (may Allah be pleased with him) said: O Messenger of Allah! Will you stay in your house in Makkah? He (peace and blessings be upon him) asked: "Has Aqil left us any houses?" For Aqil, he and Talib, had inherited from Abu Talib, while Ali and Ja'far (may Allah be pleased with them both) did not inherit from him, because the two of them were Muslims, and Aqil and Talib were both disbelievers.
