السنن الكبرى للبيهقي
Sunan al-Kubra al-Bayhaqi
كتاب الزكاة
Book of Zakah
باب: من قال: يخرج من الحنطة في صدقة الفطر نصف صاع.
Those who said half a sa' of wheat is given in sadaqat al-fitr
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أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو الْحَسَنِ عَلِيُّ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ الْمُقْرِئُ، أنبأ الْحَسَنُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ إِسْحَاقَ، ثنا يُوسُفُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ، ثنا مُسَدَّدٌ، ثنا حَمَّادُ بْنُ زَيْدٍ، عَنِ النُّعْمَانِ بْنِ رَاشِدٍ، عَنِ الزُّهْرِيِّ، عَنْ ثَعْلَبَةَ بْنِ أَبِي صُعَيْرٍ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: " صَاعٌ مِنْ بُرٍّ أَوْ قَمْحٍ ⦗٢٨٢⦘ عَنْ كُلِّ اثْنَيْنِ صَغِيرٍ أَوْ كَبِيرٍ حُرٍّ أَوْ عَبْدٍ ذَكَرٍ أَوْ أُنْثَى أَمَّا غَنِيُّكُمْ فَيُزَكِّيهِ اللهُ، وَأَمَّا فَقِيرُكُمْ فَيَرُدُّ عَلَيْهِ أَكْثَرَ مِمَّا أَعْطَى "..
Tha'labah bin Abi Su'ayr narrates from his father (may Allah be pleased with him) that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "A sa' of wheat is on behalf of two, whether they are young or old, free or slave, male or female. As for the one among you who is wealthy, Allah will purify him; and as for the one among you who is poor, He will return to him more than what he gave." [Da'if (weak). Its takhrij has preceded.]
وَأَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَلِيٍّ الرُّوذْبَارِيُّ، أنبأ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ بَكْرٍ، ثنا أَبُو دَاوُدَ، ثنا مُسَدَّدٌ، وَسُلَيْمَانُ بْنُ دَاوُدَ الْعَتَكِيُّ، فَذَكَرَ الْحَدِيثَ، وَقَالَ فِي رِوَايَةِ سُلَيْمَانَ بْنِ دَاوُدَ: عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ ثَعْلَبَةَ، أَوْ ثَعْلَبَةُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ أَبِي صُعَيْرٍ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ قَالَ: وَزَادَ سُلَيْمَانُ فِي حَدِيثِهِ: غَنِيٌّ أَوْ فَقِيرٌ. وَرُوِيَ ذَلِكَ عَنْ بَكْرِ بْنِ وَائِلٍ الْكُوفِيِّ عَنِ الزُّهْرِيِّ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ ثَعْلَبَةَ بْنِ صُعَيْرٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ، وَقِيلَ عَنْهُ ثَعْلَبَةُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللهِ، أَوْ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ ثَعْلَبَةَ، عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ مُرْسَلًا، وَقِيلَ عَنْهُ فِي ذَلِكَ عَنْ كُلِّ رَأْسٍ، وَكَذَلِكَ فِي حَدِيثِ النُّعْمَانِ بْنِ رَاشِدٍ وَقِيلَ فِي الْقَمْحِ خَاصَّةً عَنْ كُلِّ اثْنَيْنِ فَاللهُ أَعْلَمُ. وَرَوَاهُ ابْنُ جُرَيْجٍ قَالَ: قَالَ الزُّهْرِيُّ: قَالَ عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ ثَعْلَبَةَ: خَطَبَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَذَكَرَهُ، وَقَالَ: " فِي الْقَمْحِ بَيْنَ اثْنَيْنِ " وَخَالَفَهُمْ مَعْمَرٌ فَرَوَاهُ عَنِ الزُّهْرِيِّ، عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ هُرْمُزَ، عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ مَوْقُوفًا عَلَيْهِ، ثُمَّ قَالَ: بَلَغَنِي أَنَّ الزُّهْرِيَّ كَانَ يَرْفَعُهُ. قَالَ أَحْمَدُ: فَقَالَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى الذُّهْلِيُّ فِي كِتَابِ الْعِلَلِ: إِنَّمَا هُوَ عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ ثَعْلَبَةَ، وَإِنَّمَا هُوَ عَنْ كُلِّ رَأْسٍ أَوْ كُلِّ إِنْسَانٍ، هَكَذَا رِوَايَةُ بَكْرِ بْنِ وَائِلٍ لَمْ يُقِمْ هَذَا الْحَدِيثَ غَيْرُهُ قَدْ أَصَابَ الْإِسْنَادَ وَالْمَتْنَ، وَرَوَاهُ عَنْ أَبِي سَلَمَةَ عَنْ هَمَّامٍ عَنْ بَكْرِ بْنِ وَائِلٍ.
Musaddad and Sulayman bin Dawud al-Ataki mentioned the hadith. In the narration of Sulayman bin Dawud it is: Abdullah bin Tha'labah, or Tha'labah bin Abdullah bin Abi Su'ayr, from his father; and Sulayman added in his hadith: "rich or poor."
It has also been narrated from Bakr bin Wa'il al-Kufi, from al-Zuhri, from Abdullah bin Tha'labah bin Su'ayr, from his father; and it has also been said from him: Tha'labah bin Abdullah, or Abdullah bin Tha'labah, from the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) in mursal form. It was also said from him in this (narration): "on behalf of every head," and likewise in the hadith of al-Nu'man bin Rashid; and it was said: for wheat specifically, "on behalf of every two." And Allah knows best.
Ibn Jurayj narrated it, saying: Al-Zuhri said: Abdullah bin Tha'labah said: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) delivered a sermon, and he mentioned the hadith, and said: "For wheat, (one sa') between two." Ma'mar differed from them and narrated it from al-Zuhri, from Abd al-Rahman bin Hurmuz, from Sayyiduna Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) as his own statement (mawquf), then said: It reached me that al-Zuhri used to attribute it to the Prophet.
Ahmad (al-Bayhaqi) said: Muhammad bin Yahya al-Dhuhli said in Kitab al-'Ilal: It is only Abdullah bin Tha'labah, and it is only "on behalf of every head" or "every person." This is how Bakr bin Wa'il narrated it; no one other than him narrated this hadith correctly, and he got both the chain and the text right. He narrated it from Abu Salamah, from Hammam, from Bakr bin Wa'il.
It has also been narrated from Bakr bin Wa'il al-Kufi, from al-Zuhri, from Abdullah bin Tha'labah bin Su'ayr, from his father; and it has also been said from him: Tha'labah bin Abdullah, or Abdullah bin Tha'labah, from the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) in mursal form. It was also said from him in this (narration): "on behalf of every head," and likewise in the hadith of al-Nu'man bin Rashid; and it was said: for wheat specifically, "on behalf of every two." And Allah knows best.
Ibn Jurayj narrated it, saying: Al-Zuhri said: Abdullah bin Tha'labah said: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) delivered a sermon, and he mentioned the hadith, and said: "For wheat, (one sa') between two." Ma'mar differed from them and narrated it from al-Zuhri, from Abd al-Rahman bin Hurmuz, from Sayyiduna Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) as his own statement (mawquf), then said: It reached me that al-Zuhri used to attribute it to the Prophet.
Ahmad (al-Bayhaqi) said: Muhammad bin Yahya al-Dhuhli said in Kitab al-'Ilal: It is only Abdullah bin Tha'labah, and it is only "on behalf of every head" or "every person." This is how Bakr bin Wa'il narrated it; no one other than him narrated this hadith correctly, and he got both the chain and the text right. He narrated it from Abu Salamah, from Hammam, from Bakr bin Wa'il.
أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو طَاهِرٍ الْفَقِيهُ، أنبأ أَبُو بَكْرٍ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْحُسَيْنِ الْقَطَّانُ، ثنا أَبُو الْأَزْهَرِ، ثنا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ شُرَحْبِيلَ، ثنا ابْنُ جُرَيْجٍ، أَخْبَرَنِي أَيُّوبُ بْنُ مُوسَى أَنَّ نَافِعًا، أَخْبَرَهُ عَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ قَالَ: " أَمَرَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ لِعَمْرِو بْنِ حَزْمٍ فِي زَكَاةِ الْفِطْرِ بِنِصْفِ صَاعٍ مِنْ حِنْطَةٍ أَوْ صَاعٍ مِنْ تَمْرٍ ". وَهَذَا لَا يَصِحُّ، وَكَيْفَ يَكُونُ ذَلِكَ صَحِيحًا؟ وَرِوَايَةُ الْجَمَاعَةِ عَنْ نَافِعٍ عَنِ ابْنِ عِمْرَانَ تَعْدِيلُ الصَّاعِ مُدَّيْنِ مِنْ حِنْطَةٍ كَانَ بَعْدَ رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ.
Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Umar (may Allah be pleased with them both) says that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) commanded Amr bin Hazm regarding sadaqat al-fitr that "it should be given as half a sa' of wheat or a sa' of dates."
This is not sound. How could it be sound, when the narration of the group (of narrators) from Nafi', from Ibn Umar, is that equating the sa' with two mudds of wheat happened after the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him)?
This is not sound. How could it be sound, when the narration of the group (of narrators) from Nafi', from Ibn Umar, is that equating the sa' with two mudds of wheat happened after the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him)?
أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو الْحَسَنِ عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ عَبْدَانَ، أنبأ أَحْمَدُ بْنُ عُبَيْدٍ الصَّفَّارُ، ثنا إِسْمَاعِيلُ بْنُ إِسْحَاقَ، ثنا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ أَبِي بَكْرٍ، ثنا سَهْلُ بْنُ يُوسُفَ، ثنا حُمَيْدٌ الطَّوِيلُ، عَنِ ⦗٢٨٣⦘ الْحَسَنِ، قَالَ: خَطَبَنَا ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ بِالْبَصْرَةِ فِي آخِرِ رَمَضَانَ، فَقَالَ: " أَدُّوا صَدَقَةَ صَوْمِكُمْ "، فَكَأَنَّ النَّاسَ لَمْ يَعْلَمُوا، فَقَالَ: " مَنْ هَاهُنَا مِنَ أَهْلِ الْمَدِينَةِ، عَلِّمُوا إِخْوَانَكُمْ فَإِنَّهُمْ لَا يَعْلَمُونَ، فَرَضَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ هَذِهِ الصَّدَقَةَ عَلَى كُلِّ صَغِيرٍ وَكَبِيرٍ ذَكَرٍ وَأُنْثَى حُرٍّ وَعَبْدٍ، صَاعٌ مِنْ تَمْرٍ أَوْ صَاعُ شَعِيرٍ أَوْ نِصْفُ صَاعِ قَمْحٍ " فَلَمَّا قَدِمَ عَلِيٌّ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ وَرَأَى رُخْصَ الشَّعِيرِ، قَالَ: لَوْ جَعَلْتُمُوهُ صَاعًا مِنْ كُلِّ شَيْءٍ قَالَ: وَكَانَ الْحَسَنُ يَرَاهَا عَلَى مَنْ صَامَ. كَذَا قَالَ خَطَبَنَا وَرَوَاهُ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْمُثَنَّى عَنْ سَهْلِ بْنِ يُوسُفَ، فَقَالَ خَطَبَ وَهُوَ أَصَحُّ..
Al-Hasan (may Allah have mercy on him) says that Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) addressed us in Basrah at the end of Ramadan and said: "Pay the zakah of your fasts." It was as if the people did not know about it. Then he said: "Who is here from the people of Madinah? Let them teach their brothers, for these people do not know that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) made this zakah obligatory: 'Upon every young and old, male and female, free and slave: a sa' of dates or barley, or half a sa' of wheat.'" When Sayyiduna Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) came and saw that barley was cheap, he said: "If you made it a sa' of everything, that would be better." The narrator said: And al-Hasan held that it is due upon whoever fasted.
This is how he narrated it, saying "he addressed us"; Muhammad bin al-Muthanna narrated it from Sahl bin Yusuf and said "he addressed (the people)," and that is more correct.
This is how he narrated it, saying "he addressed us"; Muhammad bin al-Muthanna narrated it from Sahl bin Yusuf and said "he addressed (the people)," and that is more correct.
فَقَدْ أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ، أَنْبَأَ الْحَسَنُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ الْإِسْفَرَايِينِيُّ، ثنا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ الْبَرَاءِ، قَالَ: سَمِعْتُ عَلِيَّ بْنَ عَبْدِ اللهِ الْمَدِينِيَّ، وَسُئِلَ عَنْ حَدِيثِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ، عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فِي زَكَاةِ الْفِطْرِ، فَقَالَ: حَدِيثٌ بَصْرِيٌ وَإِسْنَادُهُ مُرْسَلٌ، قَالَ: وَقَالَ عَلِيٌّ: الْحَسَنُ لَمْ يَسْمَعْ مِنَ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ وَمَا رَآهُ قَطُّ، كَانَ بِالْمَدِينَةِ أَيَّامَ كَانَ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ عَلَى الْبَصْرَةِ، قَالَ: وَقَالَ لِي عَلِيٌّ فِي حَدِيثِ الْحَسَنِ: خَطَبَنَا ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ بِالْبَصْرَةِ إِنَّمَا هُوَ كَقَوْلِ ثَابِتٍ قَدِمَ عَلَيْنَا عِمْرَانُ بْنُ حُصَيْنٍ، وَمَثَلُ قَوْلِ مُجَاهِدٍ خَرَجَ عَلَيْنَا عَلِيٌّ، وَكَقَوْلِ الْحَسَنِ: إِنَّ سُرَاقَةَ بْنَ مَالِكِ بْنِ جُعْشُمٍ حَدَّثَهُمُ، الْحَسَنُ لَمْ يَسْمَعْ مِنَ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ. قَالَ الشَّيْخُ أَبُو أَحْمَدَ: حَدِيثُ الْحَسَنِ عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ مُرْسَلٌ، وَقَدْ رُوِّينَا عَنْ أَبِي رَجَاءٍ الْعُطَارِدِيِّ سَمَاعًا مِنَ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ فِي هَذِهِ الْخُطْبَةِ فِي صَدَقَةِ الْفِطْرِ صَاعٌ مِنْ طَعَامٍ.
Muhammad bin Ahmad bin al-Bara' (may Allah have mercy on him) says: I heard Ali bin al-Madini (may Allah have mercy on him) when he was asked about the hadith of Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) from the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) regarding sadaqat al-fitr, and he said: It is a Basran hadith, and its chain is mursal.
Ali also said: Al-Hasan did not hear from Ibn Abbas and never saw him at all; he was in Madinah during the days when Ibn Abbas was (governor) over Basrah. And Ali said to me regarding al-Hasan's words "Ibn Abbas addressed us in Basrah": This is just like Thabit's saying "Imran bin Husayn came to us," Mujahid's saying "Ali came out to us," and al-Hasan's saying "Suraqah bin Malik bin Ju'shum narrated to them"; al-Hasan did not hear from Ibn Abbas.
Shaykh Abu Ahmad said: The hadith of al-Hasan from Ibn Abbas is mursal. And we have narrated from Abu Raja' al-Utaridi, who heard it from Ibn Abbas in this same sermon, that in sadaqat al-fitr it is a sa' of food.
Ali also said: Al-Hasan did not hear from Ibn Abbas and never saw him at all; he was in Madinah during the days when Ibn Abbas was (governor) over Basrah. And Ali said to me regarding al-Hasan's words "Ibn Abbas addressed us in Basrah": This is just like Thabit's saying "Imran bin Husayn came to us," Mujahid's saying "Ali came out to us," and al-Hasan's saying "Suraqah bin Malik bin Ju'shum narrated to them"; al-Hasan did not hear from Ibn Abbas.
Shaykh Abu Ahmad said: The hadith of al-Hasan from Ibn Abbas is mursal. And we have narrated from Abu Raja' al-Utaridi, who heard it from Ibn Abbas in this same sermon, that in sadaqat al-fitr it is a sa' of food.
وَقَدْ أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ السُّلَمِيُّ، أنبأ عَلِيُّ بْنُ عُمَرَ الْحَافِظُ، ثنا الْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ إِسْمَاعِيلَ، ثنا أَبُو الْأَشْعَثِ، عَنِ الثَّقَفِيِّ، عَنْ هِشَامٍ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سِيرِينَ، عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ قَالَ: " أُمِرْنَا أَنْ نُعْطِيَ صَدَقَةَ رَمَضَانَ عَنِ الصَّغِيرِ وَالْكَبِيرِ وَالْحُرِّ وَالْمَمْلُوكِ صَاعًا مِنْ طَعَامٍ، وَمَنْ أَدَّى بُرًّا قُبِلَ مِنْهُ وَمَنْ أَدَّى شَعِيرًا قُبِلَ مِنْهُ وَمَنْ أَدَّى زَبِيبًا قُبِلَ مِنْهُ وَمَنْ أَدَّى سلْتًا قُبِلَ مِنْهُ ". قَالَ: وَأَحْسِبُهُ قَالَ: وَمَنْ أَدَّى دَقِيقًا قُبِلَ مِنْهُ وَمَنْ أَدَّى سَوِيقًا قُبِلَ مِنْهُ. وَهَذَا أَيْضًا مُرْسَلٌ، مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ سِيرِينَ لَمْ يَسْمَعْ مِنَ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ شَيْئًا إِلَّا أَنَّهُ يُوَافِقُ حَدِيثَ أَبِي رَجَاءٍ الْعُطَارِدِيُّ الْمَوْصُولَ عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ فَهُوَ أَوْلَى أَنْ يَكُونَ صَحِيحًا وَمَا شَكَّ فِيهِ الرَّاوِي وَلَا شَاهِدَ لَهُ، فَلَا اعْتِدَادَ بِهِ. وَاللهُ أَعْلَمُ.
Muhammad bin Sirin (may Allah have mercy on him) says that Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) said: "We were commanded to pay the zakah of Ramadan on behalf of every young and old, free person and slave, as a sa' of food; whoever brings wheat, it should be accepted from him; whoever pays with barley, it should also be accepted from him; whoever pays with raisins, it should also be accepted from him; and whoever gives hulless barley (sult), it should also be accepted from him." I think he said: "Whoever gives flour or sawiq (roasted barley meal), it should also be accepted from him."
This too is mursal; Muhammad bin Sirin did not hear anything from Ibn Abbas, except that it agrees with the connected hadith of Abu Raja' al-Utaridi from Ibn Abbas, so it is more fitting that it be sound. As for what the narrator was in doubt about and which has no supporting report, it is not taken into account. And Allah knows best.
This too is mursal; Muhammad bin Sirin did not hear anything from Ibn Abbas, except that it agrees with the connected hadith of Abu Raja' al-Utaridi from Ibn Abbas, so it is more fitting that it be sound. As for what the narrator was in doubt about and which has no supporting report, it is not taken into account. And Allah knows best.
أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو إِسْحَاقَ إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ الْأَرْمَوِيُّ، أنبأ شَافِعُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ، أنبأ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ الطَّحَاوِيُّ، ثنا الْمُزَنِيُّ، ثنا الشَّافِعِيُّ، عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ حَسَّانَ، عَنِ اللَّيْثِ بْنِ سَعْدٍ، عَنْ عَقِيلِ بْنِ خَالِدٍ، وَعَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ خَالِدِ بْنِ مُسَافِرٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ شِهَابٍ، عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ الْمُسَيِّبِ، أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَرَضَ زَكَاةَ الْفِطْرِ مُدَّيْنِ مِنْ حِنْطَةٍ. قَالَ الشَّافِعِيُّ: حَدِيثُ مُدَّيْنِ خَطَأٌ قَالَ الشَّيْخُ: هُوَ كَمَا قَالَ فَالْأَخْبَارُ الثَّابِتَةُ تَدُلُّ عَلَى أَنَّ التَّعْدِيلَ بِمُدَّيْنِ كَانَ بَعْدَ رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، ⦗٢٨٥⦘ وَرُوِّينَا فِي جَوَازِ نِصْفِ صَاعٍ مِنْ بُرٍّ فِي صَدَقَةِ الْفِطْرِ، عَنْ أَبِي بَكْرٍ الصِّدِّيقِ، وَعُثْمَانَ بْنِ عَفَّانَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُمَا وَجَابِرِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللهِ، وَأَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ وَفِي إِحْدَى الرِّوَايَتَيْنِ عَنْ عَلِيٍّ وَابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُمْ قَالَ ابْنُ الْمُنْذِرِ: لَا يَثْبُتُ ذَلِكَ عَنْ أَبِي بَكْرٍ، وَعُثْمَانَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُمَا. قَالَ الشَّيْخُ: هُوَ عَنْ أَبِي بَكْرٍ مُنْقَطِعٌ وَعَنْ عُثْمَانَ مَوْصُولٌ، وَاللهُ أَعْلَمُ. وَقَدْ وَرَدَتْ أَخْبَارٌ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فِي صَاعٍ مِنْ بُرٍّ وَوَرَدَتْ أَخْبَارٌ فِي نِصْفِ صَاعٍ، وَلَا يَصِحُّ شَيْءٌ مِنْ ذَلِكَ. قَدْ بَيَّنْتُ عِلَّةَ كُلِّ وَاحِدٍ مِنْهَا فِي الْخِلَافِيَّاتِ، وَرُوِّينَا فِي حَدِيثِ أَبِي سَعِيدٍ الْخُدْرِيِّ، وَفِي الْحَدِيثِ الثَّابِتِ عَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ أَنَّ تَعْدِيلَ مُدَّيْنِ مِنْ بُرٍّ وَهُوَ نِصْفُ صَاعٍ بِصَاعٍ مِنْ شَعِيرٍ وَقَعَ بَعْدَ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، وَبِاللهِ التَّوْفِيقُ.
Sa'id bin al-Musayyib (may Allah have mercy on him) says that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Sadaqat al-fitr is two mudds of wheat." Imam al-Shafi'i (may Allah have mercy on him) says: The hadith of the two mudds is an "error." The Shaykh says: It is as he said; the established reports indicate that estimating it at two mudds happened after the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him). We have narrated the permissibility of giving half a sa' of wheat in sadaqat al-fitr from Abu Bakr al-Siddiq and Uthman bin Affan (may Allah be pleased with them both), from Jabir bin Abdullah and Abu Hurayrah, and, in one of two narrations, from Ali and Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them). Ibn al-Mundhir said: That is not established from Abu Bakr and Uthman (may Allah be pleased with them both). The Shaykh says: From Abu Bakr it is munqati' (broken), and from Uthman it is mawsul (connected), and Allah knows best. Reports have come from the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) about a sa' of wheat, and reports have come about half a sa', but none of them is sound; I have explained the defect of each of them in al-Khilafiyyat. We have narrated in the hadith of Abu Sa'id al-Khudri, and in the established hadith from Ibn Umar, that equating two mudds of wheat, which is half a sa', with a sa' of barley happened after the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him). And success is from Allah.
