السنن الكبرى للبيهقي
Sunan al-Kubra al-Bayhaqi
كتاب الزكاة
Book of Zakah
باب: ذكر رواية عاصم بن ضمرة عن علي، رضي الله عنه بخلاف ما مضى في خمس وعشرين من الإبل وفيما زاد على مائة وعشرين من الإبل، وبيان ضعف تلك الرواية ورواية حماد بن سلمة عن قيس بن سعد
The narration of Asim bin Damrah from Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) contrary to what has passed on twenty-five camels and on more than one hundred and twenty camels, and the weakness of that narration and of the narration of Hammad bin Salamah from Qays bin Sa'd
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أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو الْحُسَيْنِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ الْفَضْلِ الْقَطَّانُ بِبَغْدَادَ، أنبأ عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ دَرَسْتَوَيْهِ، ثنا يَعْقُوبُ بْنُ سُفْيَانَ، ثنا أَبُو نُعَيْمٍ، ثنا سُفْيَانُ، عَنْ أَبِي إِسْحَاقَ، عَنْ عَاصِمِ بْنِ ضَمْرَةَ، عَنْ عَلِيٍّ، رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ " فِي خَمْسٍ وَعِشْرِينَ مِنَ الْإِبِلِ خَمْسٌ يَعْنِي شِيَاهٍ ".
Asim bin Damrah (may Allah have mercy on him) narrates from Ali (may Allah be pleased with him): "On twenty-five camels there are five, meaning goats."
وَأَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو الْحُسَيْنِ، أنبأ عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ جَعْفَرٍ، ثنا يَعْقُوبُ بْنُ سُفْيَانَ، قَالَ: وَحَدَّثَنَا ابْنُ عُثْمَانَ، أنبأ عَبْدُ اللهِ هُوَ ابْنُ الْمُبَارَكِ أنبأ سُفْيَانُ، عَنْ أَبِي إِسْحَاقَ، عَنْ عَاصِمٍ، عَنْ عَلِيٍّ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ مِثْلَهُ وَزَادَ فَإِذَا زَادَتْ عَلَى عِشْرِينَ وَمِائَةٍ قَالَ: " تُرَدُّ الْفَرَائِضُ إِلَى أَوَّلِهَا فَإِذَا كَثُرَتِ الْإِبِلُ فَفِي كُلِّ خَمْسِينَ حِقَّةٌ " وَهَذَا أَحَبُّ إِلَى سُفْيَانَ مِنْ قَوْلِ أَهْلِ الْحِجَازِ.
Sayyiduna Asim (may Allah have mercy on him) narrated the like of this from Sayyiduna Ali (may Allah be pleased with him), and added: "When they exceed one hundred and twenty, the dues revert to their beginning, and when the camels become many, then on every fifty a hiqqah." And this is dearer to Sufyan (may Allah have mercy on him) than the view of the people of the Hijaz.
وَأَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو الْحُسَيْنِ بْنُ الْفَضْلِ، أنبأ عَبْدُ اللهِ، ثنا يَعْقُوبُ، ثنا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ بَشَّارٍ، ثنا يَحْيَى بْنُ سَعِيدٍ، عَنْ سُفْيَانَ، عَنْ أَبِي إِسْحَاقَ، عَنْ عَاصِمٍ، عَنْ عَلِيٍّ، رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ " فِي الْإِبِلِ إِذَا زَادَتْ عَلَى عِشْرِينَ وَمِائَةٍ فَبِحِسَابِ ذَلِكَ يُسْتَأْنَفُ بِهَا الْفَرَائِضُ " ⦗١٥٦⦘ وَعَنْ سُفْيَانَ عَنْ مَنْصُورٍ عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ مِثْلُ ذَلِكَ قَالَ أَبُو يُوسُفَ يَعْنِي يَعْقُوبَ بْنَ سُفْيَانَ: بَلَغَنِي عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ مَعِينٍ قَالَ: كَانَ يَحْيَى بْنُ سَعِيدٍ يُحَدِّثُ بِحَدِيثٍ يُغَلِّطُ فِيهِ عَنْ سُفْيَانَ الثَّوْرِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي إِسْحَاقَ عَنْ عَاصِمٍ عَنْ عَلِيٍّ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ: إِذَا زَادَتِ الْإِبِلُ عَلَى عِشْرِينَ وَمِائَةٍ تُسْتَأْنَفُ الْفَرِيضَةُ. وَيَحْيَى بْنُ سَعِيدٍ لَمْ يُغَلِّطْ فِي هَذَا وَقَدْ تَابَعَهُ ابْنُ الْمُبَارَكِ وَهَذَا مَشْهُورٌ مِنْ رِوَايَةِ سُفْيَانَ عَنْ أَبِي إِسْحَاقَ عَنْ عَاصِمٍ عَنْ عَلِيٍّ وَقَدْ أَنْكَرَ أَهْلُ الْعِلْمِ هَذَا عَلَى عَاصِمِ بْنِ ضَمْرَةَ لِأَنَّ رِوَايَةَ عَاصِمِ بْنِ ضَمْرَةَ عَنْ عَلِيٍّ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ خِلَافُ كِتَابِ آلِ عَمْرِو بْنِ حَزْمٍ وَخِلَافُ كِتَابِ أَبِي بَكْرٍ وَعُمَرَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُمَا قَالَ الشَّيْخُ: أَمَّا أَبُو زَكَرِيَّا يَحْيَى بْنُ مَعِينٍ رَحِمَهُ اللهُ فَإِنَّهُ أَحَالَ بِالْغَلَطِ عَلَى يَحْيَى بْنِ سَعِيدٍ وَذَلِكَ فِيمَا.
Asim (may Allah have mercy on him) narrates from Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) that when camels exceed one hundred and twenty, the dues are started afresh according to that reckoning. Sufyan also narrated the like of that from Mansur from Ibrahim (may Allah have mercy on him).
Abu Yusuf Ya'qub bin Sufyan said: It reached me that Yahya bin Ma'in said: Yahya bin Sa'id used to narrate a hadith in which he erred, from Sufyan al-Thawri, from Abu Ishaq, from Asim, from Ali (may Allah be pleased with him), that he said: When camels exceed one hundred and twenty, the due is started afresh. (Ya'qub said:) Yahya bin Sa'id did not err in this; Ibn al-Mubarak corroborated him, and this is well known from the narration of Sufyan from Abu Ishaq from Asim from Ali. However, the scholars objected to this from Asim bin Damrah, because the narration of Asim bin Damrah from Ali contradicts the document of the family of Amr bin Hazm and the document of Abu Bakr and Umar (may Allah be pleased with them both).
The Shaykh (al-Bayhaqi) said: As for Abu Zakariyya Yahya bin Ma'in (may Allah have mercy on him), he attributed the error to Yahya bin Sa'id.
Abu Yusuf Ya'qub bin Sufyan said: It reached me that Yahya bin Ma'in said: Yahya bin Sa'id used to narrate a hadith in which he erred, from Sufyan al-Thawri, from Abu Ishaq, from Asim, from Ali (may Allah be pleased with him), that he said: When camels exceed one hundred and twenty, the due is started afresh. (Ya'qub said:) Yahya bin Sa'id did not err in this; Ibn al-Mubarak corroborated him, and this is well known from the narration of Sufyan from Abu Ishaq from Asim from Ali. However, the scholars objected to this from Asim bin Damrah, because the narration of Asim bin Damrah from Ali contradicts the document of the family of Amr bin Hazm and the document of Abu Bakr and Umar (may Allah be pleased with them both).
The Shaykh (al-Bayhaqi) said: As for Abu Zakariyya Yahya bin Ma'in (may Allah have mercy on him), he attributed the error to Yahya bin Sa'id.
أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الَحَافِظُ، ثنا أَبُو الْعَبَّاسِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ قَالَ: سَمِعْتُ الْعَبَّاسَ بْنَ مُحَمَّدٍ، يَقُولُ: سَمِعْتُ يَحْيَى بْنَ مَعِينٍ يَقُولُ: كَانَ يَحْيَى بْنُ سَعِيدٍ يُحَدِّثُ بِحَدِيثٍ يُغَلِّطُ فِيهِ عَنْ سُفْيَانَ الثَّوْرِيِّ، عَنْ أَبِي إِسْحَاقَ، عَنْ عَاصِمِ بْنِ ضَمْرَةَ، عَنْ عَلِيٍّ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ قَالَ: " إِذَا زَادَتِ الْإِبِلُ عَلَى عِشْرِينَ وَمِائَةٍ تُسْتَأْنَفُ الْفَرِيضَةُ " قَالَ يَحْيَى بْنُ مَعِينٍ: وَحَدَّثَ بِهِ وَكِيعٌ عَنْ سُفْيَانَ عَنْ مَنْصُورٍ عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ قَالَ: إِذَا زَادَتِ الْإِبِلُ عَلَى عِشْرِينَ وَمِائَةٍ تُسْتَأْنَفُ الْفَرِيضَةُ عَلَى الْحِسَابِ الْأَوَّلِ. قَالَ يَحْيَى: هَذَا أَصَحُّ الْحَدِيثَيْنِ.
Yahya bin Ma'in (may Allah have mercy on him) said: Yahya bin Sa'id used to narrate a hadith in which he erred, from Sufyan al-Thawri, from Abu Ishaq, from Asim bin Damrah (may Allah have mercy on him), from Sayyiduna Ali (may Allah be pleased with him), that he said: "When camels exceed one hundred and twenty, the due is started afresh."
Yahya bin Ma'in (may Allah have mercy on him) said: Waki' (may Allah have mercy on him) narrated it from Sufyan, from Mansur, from Ibrahim (may Allah have mercy on him), who said: When camels exceed one hundred and twenty, the due is started afresh according to the first reckoning. Yahya said: This is the more correct of the two hadiths.
Yahya bin Ma'in (may Allah have mercy on him) said: Waki' (may Allah have mercy on him) narrated it from Sufyan, from Mansur, from Ibrahim (may Allah have mercy on him), who said: When camels exceed one hundred and twenty, the due is started afresh according to the first reckoning. Yahya said: This is the more correct of the two hadiths.
وَأَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو مُحَمَّدٍ عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ يَحْيَى بْنِ عَبْدِ الْجَبَّارِ السُّكَّرِيُّ، أنبأ أَبُو بَكْرٍ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللهِ الشَّافِعِيُّ، ثنا جَعْفَرُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْأَزْهَرِ، ثنا الْمُفَضَّلُ بْنُ غَسَّانَ الْغَلَابِيُّ، قَالَ: ذَكَرَ يَحْيَى بْنُ مَعِينٍ أَنَّ يَحْيَى بْنَ سَعِيدٍ الْقَطَّانُ، حَدَّثَ عَنْ سُفْيَانَ، بِحَدِيثٍ تَفَرَّدَ بِهِ عَنْ أَبِي إِسْحَاقَ، عَنْ عَاصِمِ بْنِ ضَمْرَةَ، عَنْ عَلِيٍّ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ " إِذَا زَادَتِ الْإِبِلُ عَلَى عِشْرِينَ وَمِائَةٍ تُسْتَأْنَفُ الْفَرِيضَةُ عَلَى الْحِسَابِ الْأَوَّلِ " فَقَالَ: هَذَا غَلَطٌ، قَالَ: وَذَكَرْتُ لِيَحْيَى حَدِيثَ وَكِيعٍ عَنْ سُفْيَانَ عَنْ مَنْصُورٍ عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ قَالَ: إِذَا زَادَتِ الْإِبِلُ عَلَى عِشْرِينَ وَمِائَةٍ تُسْتَأْنَفُ الْفَرِيضَةُ عَلَى الْحِسَابِ الْأَوَّلِ، فَقَالَ: هَذَا صَحِيحٌ قَالَ الشَّيْخُ: قَوْلُ يَحْيَى فِي هَذِهِ الرِّوَايَةِ يَحْتَمِلُ أَنْ يَكُونَ إِنَّمَا عَابَ عَلَى يَحْيَى الْقَطَّانِ رِوَايَتَهَ عَنْ سُفْيَانَ حَدِيثًا تَفَرَّدَ بِهِ سُفْيَانُ وَهُوَ عِنْدَ أَهْلِ الْعِلْمِ بِالْحَدِيثِ غَلَطٌ، وَهُوَ يَتَّقِي أَمْثَالَ ذَلِكَ فَلَا يَرْوِي إِلَّا مَا هُوَ صَحِيحٌ عِنْدَهُ وَاللهُ أَعْلَمُ. وَأَمَّا أَبُو يُوسُفَ يَعْقُوبُ بْنُ سُفْيَانَ الْفَارِسِيُّ وَغَيْرُهُ مِنَ الْأَئِمَّةِ فَإِنَّهُمْ أَحَالُوا بِالْغَلَطِ عَلَى عَاصِمِ بْنِ ضَمْرَةَ، وَاسْتَدَلُّوا عَلَى خَطَئِهِ ⦗١٥٧⦘ بِمَا فِيهِ مِنَ الْخِلَافِ لِلرِّوَايَاتِ الْمَشْهُوَرَةِ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ثُمَّ عَنْ أَبِي بَكْرٍ وَعُمَرَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُمَا فِي الصَّدَقَاتِ. وَأَمَّا الشَّافِعِيُّ رَحِمَهُ اللهُ فَإِنَّهُ قَالَ فِي كِتَابِ الْقَدِيمِ: رَوَى هَذَا مَجْهُوَلٌ عَنْ عَلِيٍّ، وَأَكْثَرُ الرُّوَاةِ عَنْ ذَلِكَ الْمَجْهُولِ يَزْعُمُ أَنَّ الَّذِي رَوَى هَذَا عَنْهُ غَلِطَ عَلَيْهِ وَأَنَّ هَذَا لَيْسَ فِي حَدِيثِهِ، يُرِيدُ قَوْلَهُ فِي الِاسْتِئْنَافِ وَاسْتَدَلَّ عَلَى هَذَا فِي كِتَابٍ آخَرَ بِرِوَايَةِ مَنْ رَوَى عَنْ أَبِي إِسْحَاقَ عَنْ عَاصِمٍ عَنْ عَلِيٍّ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ بِخِلَافِ ذَلِكَ.
Al-Mufaddal bin Ghassan al-Ghalabi (may Allah have mercy on him) said: Yahya bin Ma'in (may Allah have mercy on him) mentioned that Yahya bin Sa'id al-Qattan narrated from Sufyan a hadith which he alone narrated, from Abu Ishaq, from Asim bin Damrah, from Sayyiduna Ali (may Allah be pleased with him): "When camels exceed one hundred and twenty, the due is started afresh according to the first reckoning," and he said: This is an error. He said: I mentioned to Yahya the hadith of Waki' from Sufyan, from Mansur, from Ibrahim, who said: When camels exceed one hundred and twenty, the due is started afresh according to the first reckoning; and he said: This is sahih.
The Shaykh (al-Bayhaqi) said: Yahya's statement in this narration may mean that he only faulted Yahya al-Qattan for narrating from Sufyan a hadith that Sufyan alone narrated and which, according to the scholars of hadith, is an error, while he used to guard against such things and narrated only what was sahih in his view. And Allah knows best. As for Abu Yusuf Ya'qub bin Sufyan al-Farisi and other imams, they attributed the error to Asim bin Damrah, and took as evidence of his mistake its contradiction of the well-known narrations about zakah from the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), and then from Abu Bakr and Umar (may Allah be pleased with them both). As for al-Shafi'i (may Allah have mercy on him), he said in his Old book (al-Qadim): An unknown narrator narrated this from Ali, and most of those who narrate from that unknown narrator claim that the one who narrated this from him erred against him and that this is not part of his hadith, meaning his statement about starting afresh. In another book he cited as evidence for this the narration of those who narrated from Abu Ishaq, from Asim, from Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) contrary to that.
The Shaykh (al-Bayhaqi) said: Yahya's statement in this narration may mean that he only faulted Yahya al-Qattan for narrating from Sufyan a hadith that Sufyan alone narrated and which, according to the scholars of hadith, is an error, while he used to guard against such things and narrated only what was sahih in his view. And Allah knows best. As for Abu Yusuf Ya'qub bin Sufyan al-Farisi and other imams, they attributed the error to Asim bin Damrah, and took as evidence of his mistake its contradiction of the well-known narrations about zakah from the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), and then from Abu Bakr and Umar (may Allah be pleased with them both). As for al-Shafi'i (may Allah have mercy on him), he said in his Old book (al-Qadim): An unknown narrator narrated this from Ali, and most of those who narrate from that unknown narrator claim that the one who narrated this from him erred against him and that this is not part of his hadith, meaning his statement about starting afresh. In another book he cited as evidence for this the narration of those who narrated from Abu Ishaq, from Asim, from Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) contrary to that.
أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو سَعِيدِ بْنُ أَبِي عَمْرٍو، ثنا أَبُو الْعَبَّاسِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ، ثنا الرَّبِيعُ بْنُ سُلَيْمَانَ قَالَ: قَالَ الشَّافِعِيُّ: قَالَ شَرِيكٌ عَنْ أَبِي إِسْحَاقَ، عَنْ عَاصِمِ بْنِ ضَمْرَةَ، عَنْ عَلِيٍّ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ " إِذَا زَادَتِ الْإِبِلُ عَلَى عِشْرِينَ وَمِائَةٍ فَفِي كُلِّ خَمْسِينَ حِقَّةٌ، وَفِي كُلِّ أَرْبَعِينَ بِنْتُ لَبُونٍ " قَالَ وَقَالَ عَمْرُو بْنُ الْهَيْثَمِ وَغَيْرُهُ عَنْ شُعْبَةَ عَنْ أَبِي إِسْحَاقَ عَنْ عَاصِمٍ عَنْ عَلِيٍّ مِثْلَهُ. قَالَ الشَّافِعِيُّ: وَبِهَذَا نَقُولُ وَهُوَ مُوَافِقٌ لِلسُّنَّةِ، وَهُمْ يَعْنِي بَعْضَ الْعِرَاقِيِّينَ لَا يَأْخُذُونَ بِهَذَا فَيُخَالِفُونَ مَا رُوِيَ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَأَبِي بَكْرٍ وَعُمَرَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُمَا، وَالثَّابِتُ عَنْ عَلِيٍّ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ عِنْدَهُمْ إِلَى قَوْلِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ وَشَيْءٍ يُغَلَّطُ بِهِ عَنْ عَلِيٍّ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ.
Asim bin Damrah narrates from Sayyiduna Ali (may Allah be pleased with him): "When camels exceed one hundred and twenty, then on every fifty there is a hiqqah and on every forty a bint labun."
Imam al-Shafi'i (may Allah have mercy on him) said: This is what we hold, and it agrees with the Sunnah. Some of the Iraqis do not adopt it, and so they contradict what is narrated from the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), Sayyiduna Abu Bakr and Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with them both), and what is established from Sayyiduna Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) by their own standards, going over to the view of Ibrahim and to something that is wrongly attributed to Sayyiduna Ali (may Allah be pleased with him).
Imam al-Shafi'i (may Allah have mercy on him) said: This is what we hold, and it agrees with the Sunnah. Some of the Iraqis do not adopt it, and so they contradict what is narrated from the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), Sayyiduna Abu Bakr and Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with them both), and what is established from Sayyiduna Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) by their own standards, going over to the view of Ibrahim and to something that is wrongly attributed to Sayyiduna Ali (may Allah be pleased with him).
وَأَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الَحَافِظُ، أنبأ الْحَسَنُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ الْعَدْلُ، ثنا يَحْيَى بْنُ أَبِي طَالِبٍ، قَالَ: سُئِلَ عَبْدُ الْوَهَّابِ يَعْنِي ابْنَ عَطَاءٍ عَنْ صَدَقَةِ الْإِبِلِ فَأَخْبَرَنَا عَنْ شُعْبَةَ، عَنْ أَبِي إِسْحَاقَ، عَنْ عَاصِمِ بْنِ ضَمْرَةَ، أَنَّ عَلِيًّا، رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ: " فِي خَمْسٍ مِنَ الْإِبِلِ شَاةٌ، وَفِي عَشْرٍ شَاتَانِ وَفِي خَمْسَ عَشْرَةَ ثَلَاثُ شِيَاهٍ وَفِي عِشْرِينَ أَرْبَعُ شِيَاهٍ وَفِي خَمْسٍ وَعِشْرِينَ خَمْسُ شِيَاهٍ، فَإِذَا زَادَتْ فَفِيهَا ابْنَةُ مَخَاضٍ إِلَى خَمْسٍ وَثَلَاثِينَ، فَإِذَا زَادَتْ فَفِيهَا ابْنَةُ لَبُونٍ إِلَى خَمْسٍ وَأَرْبَعِينَ ". فَذَكَرَ الْحَدِيثَ فِي صَدَقَةِ الْإِبِلِ إِلَى تِسْعِينَ. قَالَ: " فَإِذَا زَادَتْ فَفِيهَا حِقَّتَانِ طَرُوقَتَا الْفَحْلِ إِلَى عِشْرِينَ وَمِائَةٍ، فَإِذَا زَادَتْ فَفِي كُلِّ خَمْسِينَ حِقَّةٌ، وَفِي كُلِّ أَرْبَعِينَ ابْنَةُ لَبُونٍ " ⦗١٥٨⦘ قَالَ الشَّيْخُ: وَقَدْ رَوَاهُ زُهَيْرُ بْنُ مُعَاوِيَةَ عَنْ أَبِي إِسْحَاقَ عَنْ عَاصِمٍ، وَالْحَارِثُ عَنْ عَلِيٍّ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ.
Asim bin Damrah (may Allah have mercy on him) said that Sayyiduna Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) said: On five camels there is one goat, on ten two goats, on fifteen three goats, on twenty four goats, and on twenty-five five goats. When they exceed that, up to thirty-five there is a bint makhad; then when more, up to forty-five there is a bint labun. Likewise is the zakah of camels up to ninety. When they exceed that, up to one hundred and twenty there are two hiqqahs fit to receive the stud camel. Then when they exceed even that, on every fifty there is a hiqqah and on every forty a bint labun.
كَمَا أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَلِيٍّ الرُّذْبَارِيُّ، أنبأ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ بَكْرٍ، ثنا أَبُو دَاوُدَ، ثنا عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ النُّفَيْلِيُّ، ثنا زُهَيْرٌ، ثنا أَبُو إِسْحَاقَ، عَنْ عَاصِمِ بْنِ ضَمْرَةَ، وَعَنِ الْحَارِثِ الْأَعْوَرِ، عَنْ عَلِيٍّ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ: أَحْسِبُهُ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَنَّهُ قَالَ: " هَاتُوا رُبْعَ الْعُشْرِ " فَذَكَرَ الْحَدِيثَ إِلَى أَنْ قَالَ: " وَفِي الْإِبِلِ " فَذَكَرَ صَدَقَتَهَا كَمَا ذَكَرَ الزُّهْرِيُّ، قَالَ: وَفِي خَمْسٍ وَعِشْرِينَ خَمْسٌ مِنَ الْغَنَمِ، فَإِذَا زَادَتْ وَاحِدَةٌ فَفِيهَا بِنْتُ مَخَاضٍ فَإِنْ لَمْ تَكُنِ ابْنَةُ مَخَاضٍ فَابْنُ لَبُونٍ ذَكَرٌ إِلَى خَمْسٍ وَثَلَاثِينَ، ثُمَّ سَاقَ الْحَدِيثَ، قَالَ: " فَإِذَا زَادَتْ وَاحِدَةً يَعْنِي عَلَى التِّسْعِينَ فَفِيهَا حِقَّتَانِ طَرُوقَتَا الْجَمَلِ إِلَى عِشْرِينَ وَمِائَةٍ، فَإِنْ كَانَتِ الْإِبِلُ أَكْثَرَ مِنْ ذَلِكَ فَفِي كُلِّ خَمْسِينَ حِقَّةٌ، وَذَكَرَ بَاقِي الْحَدِيثِ. لَيْسَ فِيهِ مَا فِي رِوَايَةِ سُفْيَانَ عَنْ أَبِي إِسْحَاقَ مِنَ الِاسْتِئْنَافِ وَفِيهِ وَفِي كَثِيرٍ مِنَ الرِّوَايَاتِ عَنْهُ فِي خَمْسٍ وَعِشْرِينَ خَمْسُ شِيَاهٍ، وَقَدْ أَجْمَعُوا عَلَى تَرْكِ الْقَوْلِ بِهِ؛ لِمُخَالَفَةِ عَاصِمِ بْنِ ضَمْرَةَ وَالْحَارِثِ الْأَعْوَرِ عَنْ عَلِيٍّ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ الرِّوَايَاتِ الْمَشْهُوَرَةَ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَعَنْ أَبِي بَكْرٍ وَعُمَرَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُمَا فِي الصَّدَقَاتِ فِي ذَلِكَ، كَذَلِكَ رِوَايَةُ مَنْ رُوِيَ عَنْهُ الِاسْتِئْنَافُ مُخَالِفَةٌ لِتِلْكَ الرِّوَايَاتِ الْمَشْهُوَرَةِ مَعَ مَا فِي نَفْسِهَا مِنَ الِاخْتِلَافِ وَالْغَلَطِ، وَطَعَنَ أَئِمَّةُ أَهْلِ النَّقْلِ فِيهَا فَوَجَبَ تَرْكُهَا وَالْمَصِيرُ إِلَى مَا هُوَ أَقْوَى مِنْهَا وَبِاللهِ التَّوْفِيقُ..
Zuhayr (may Allah have mercy on him) narrates from Sayyiduna Ali (may Allah be pleased with him); he said: I think it is from the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), that he said: "Bring a quarter of the tenth ('ushr)." Then he narrated the hadith up to: "And on camels," and then he mentioned their zakah just as al-Zuhri (may Allah have mercy on him) mentioned it: On twenty-five camels there are five goats. When there is one more, there is a bint makhad. If there is no bint makhad, then a male ibn labun, up to thirty-five. Then he narrated the hadith: When there is one more, meaning over ninety, there are two hiqqahs fit to receive the stud camel, and this is up to one hundred and twenty. If the camels are more than that, then on every fifty a hiqqah.
It does not contain what is in the narration of Sufyan from Abu Ishaq about starting afresh. In it, and in many of the narrations from him, there is 'on twenty-five, five goats', and they have unanimously abandoned holding that view, because Asim bin Damrah and al-Harith al-A'war, narrating from Ali, contradict the well-known narrations about zakah from the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) and from Abu Bakr and Umar (may Allah be pleased with them both) on that point. Likewise, the narration of whoever narrated starting afresh from him contradicts those well-known narrations, besides the discrepancy and error within it itself, and the leading imams of transmission criticised it; so it must be abandoned in favour of what is stronger than it. And success is from Allah.
It does not contain what is in the narration of Sufyan from Abu Ishaq about starting afresh. In it, and in many of the narrations from him, there is 'on twenty-five, five goats', and they have unanimously abandoned holding that view, because Asim bin Damrah and al-Harith al-A'war, narrating from Ali, contradict the well-known narrations about zakah from the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) and from Abu Bakr and Umar (may Allah be pleased with them both) on that point. Likewise, the narration of whoever narrated starting afresh from him contradicts those well-known narrations, besides the discrepancy and error within it itself, and the leading imams of transmission criticised it; so it must be abandoned in favour of what is stronger than it. And success is from Allah.
وَأَمَّا الْأَثَرُ الَّذِي ذَكَرَهُ أَبُو دَاوُدَ فِي الْمَرَاسِيلِ عَنْ مُوسَى بْنِ إِسْمَاعِيلَ قَالَ: قَالَ حَمَّادٌ: قُلْتُ لِقَيْسِ بْنِ سَعْدٍ خُذْ لِي كِتَابَ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَمْرِو بْنِ حَزْمٍ فَأَعْطَانِي كِتَابًا أَخْبَرَ أَنَّهُ أَخَذَهُ مِنَ أَبِي بَكْرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَمْرِو بْنِ حَزْمٍ أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ كَتَبَهُ لِجَدِّهِ، فَقَرَأْتُهُ فَكَانَ فِيهِ ذِكْرُ مَا يَخْرُجُ مِنْ فَرَائِضِ الْإِبِلِ، فَقَصَّ الْحَدِيثَ إِلَى أَنْ تَبْلُغَ عِشْرِينَ وَمِائَةً، فَإِذَا كَانَتْ أَكْثَرَ مِنْ ذَلِكَ فَعُدَّ فِي كُلِّ خَمْسِينَ حِقَّةً وَمَا فَضَلَ فَإِنَّهُ يُعَادُ إِلَى أَوْلِ فَرِيضَةِ الْإِبِلِ، وَمَا كَانَ أَقَلَّ مِنْ خَمْسٍ وَعِشْرِينَ فَفِيهِ الْغَنَمُ فِي كُلِّ خَمْسِ ذَوْدٍ شَاةٌ لَيْسَ فِيهَا ذَكَرٌ وَلَا هَرِمَةٌ وَلَا ذَاتُ عَوَارٍ مِنَ الْغَنَمِ فَهَذَا فِيمَا أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو بَكْرٍ السُّلَيْمَانِيُّ، أَنْبَأَ أَبُو الْحُسَيْنِ الْفَسَوِيُّ، ثنا أَبُو عَلِيٍّ اللُّؤْلُؤِيُّ ثنا أَبُو دَاوُدَ فَذَكَرَهُ وَهُوَ مُنْقَطِعٌ بَيْنَ أَبِي بَكْرِ بْنِ حَزْمٍ إِلَى النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، وَقَيْسُ بْنُ سَعْدٍ أَخَذَهُ عَنْ كِتَابٍ لَا عَنْ سَمَاعٍ، وَكَذَلِكَ حَمَّادُ بْنُ سَلَمَةَ أَخَذَهُ عَنْ كِتَابٍ لَا عَنْ سَمَاعٍ وَقَيْسُ بْنُ سَعْدٍ وَحَمَّادُ بْنُ ⦗١٥٩⦘ سَلَمَةَ وَإِنْ كَانَا مِنَ الثِّقَاتِ فَرِوَايَتُهُمَا هَذِهِ بِخِلَافِ رِوَايَةِ الْحُفَّاظِ عَنْ كِتَابِ عَمْرِو بْنِ حَزْمٍ وَغَيْرِهِ، وَحَمَّادُ بْنُ سَلَمَةَ سَاءَ حِفْظُهُ فِي آخِرِ عُمْرِهِ، فَالْحُفَّاظُ لَا يَحْتَجُّونَ بِمَا يُخَالِفُ فِيهِ وَيَتَجَنَّبُونَ مَا يَتَفَرَّدُ بِهِ عَنْ قَيْسِ بْنِ سَعْدٍ خَاصَّةً وَأَمْثَالِهِ، وَهَذَا الْحَدِيثُ قَدْ جَمَعَ الْأَمْرَيْنِ مَعَ مَا فِيهِ مِنَ الِانْقِطَاعِ وَبِاللهِ التَّوْفِيقُ..
Hammad (may Allah have mercy on him) said: I said to Qays bin Sa'd: Get me the document of Muhammad bin Amr bin Hazm. He gave me a document which he said he had taken from Abu Bakr bin Muhammad bin Amr bin Hazm, (stating) that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) wrote it for his grandfather. I read it, and in it was mention of what is to be paid from the obligatory dues of camels. He narrated the hadith until they reach one hundred and twenty: "When they are more than that, count a hiqqah for every fifty, and whatever is left over is returned to the first of the dues of camels. Whatever is fewer than twenty-five, its due is sheep: on every five camels one sheep, not a male, nor an old one, nor a defective one among the sheep."
It is munqati' (broken) between Abu Bakr bin Hazm and the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him). Qays bin Sa'd took it from a document, not by hearing, and likewise Hammad bin Salamah took it from a document, not by hearing. Although Qays bin Sa'd and Hammad bin Salamah are among the thiqat (trustworthy), this narration of theirs contradicts the narration of the hadith masters from the document of Amr bin Hazm and others. Hammad bin Salamah's memory deteriorated at the end of his life, so the hadith masters do not use as evidence what he narrates in contradiction to others, and they avoid what he alone narrates, especially from Qays bin Sa'd and the like. This hadith combines both matters, besides the break in its chain. And success is from Allah.
It is munqati' (broken) between Abu Bakr bin Hazm and the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him). Qays bin Sa'd took it from a document, not by hearing, and likewise Hammad bin Salamah took it from a document, not by hearing. Although Qays bin Sa'd and Hammad bin Salamah are among the thiqat (trustworthy), this narration of theirs contradicts the narration of the hadith masters from the document of Amr bin Hazm and others. Hammad bin Salamah's memory deteriorated at the end of his life, so the hadith masters do not use as evidence what he narrates in contradiction to others, and they avoid what he alone narrates, especially from Qays bin Sa'd and the like. This hadith combines both matters, besides the break in its chain. And success is from Allah.
أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو سَعْدٍ الْمَالِينِيُّ، أَنْبَأَ أَبُو أَحْمَدَ عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ عَدِيٍّ الْحَافِظُ ثنا عَبْدُ اللهِ الْبَغَوِيُّ ثنا صَالِحُ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ ثنا عَلِيُّ بْنُ الْمَدِينِيِّ، قَالَ: قَالَ يَحْيَى بْنُ سَعِيدٍ هُوَ الْقَطَّانُ حَمَّادُ بْنُ سَلَمَةَ عَنْ زِيَادٍ الْأَعْلَمِ وَقَيْسُ بْنُ سَعْدٍ لَيْسَ بِذَاكَ، ثُمَّ قَالَ يَحْيَى: إِنْ كَانَ مَا حَدَّثَ بِهِ حَمَّادُ بْنُ سَلَمَةَ عَنْ قَيْسِ بْنِ سَعْدٍ حَقًّا فَلَيْسَ قَيْسُ بْنُ سَعْدٍ بِشَيْءٍ وَلَكِنْ حَدِيثُ حَمَّادِ بْنِ سَلَمَةَ عَنِ الشيوخِ عَنْ ثَابِتٍ، وَهَذَا الضَّرْبُ يَعْنِي أَنَّهُ ثَبْتٌ فِيهَا..
Ali bin al-Madini (may Allah have mercy on him) said: Yahya bin Sa'id al-Qattan (may Allah have mercy on him) said: (The narration of) Hammad bin Salamah from Ziyad al-A'lam and Qays bin Sa'd is not up to standard. Then Yahya said: If what Hammad bin Salamah narrated from Qays bin Sa'd is true, then Qays bin Sa'd is worth nothing; but the hadith of Hammad bin Salamah from the (well-known) shaykhs, from Thabit and this kind (is reliable), meaning that he is firm in them.
أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو سَعْدٍ أَنْبَأَ أَبُو أَحْمَدَ، أَنْبَأَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ حَمَّادٍ ثنا عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ حَنْبَلٍ، قَالَ: سَمِعْتُ أَبِي يَقُولُ: ضَاعَ كِتَابُ حَمَّادِ بْنِ سَلَمَةَ عَنْ قَيْسِ بْنِ سَعْدٍ، فَكَانَ يُحَدِّثُهُمْ عَنْ حِفْظِهِ فَهَذِهِ قِصَّتُهُ.
Abdullah bin Ahmad bin Hanbal (may Allah have mercy on him) said: I heard my father (may Allah have mercy on him) say that the book of Hammad bin Salamah (may Allah have mercy on him) from Qays bin Sa'd was lost, so he used to narrate hadith from his memory, and this is its story.
أَخْبَرَنَا الْحَاكِمُ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ، أَنْبَأَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْمُؤَمَّلِ ثنا الْفَضْلُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ، ثنا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ حَنْبَلٍ ثنا عَفَّانُ قَالَ: قَالَ حَمَّادُ بْنُ سَلَمَةَ: اسْتَعَارَ مِنِّي حَجَّاجٌ الْأَحْوَلُ كِتَابَ قَيْسٍ فَذَهَبَ إِلَى مَكَّةَ، فَقَالَ ضَاعَ.
Hammad bin Salamah (may Allah have mercy on him) said: Hajjaj al-Ahwal borrowed that document (of Qays) from me and took it to Makkah, then said that it had been lost.
