السنن الكبرى للبيهقي
Sunan al-Kubra al-Bayhaqi
كتاب الزكاة
Book of Zakah
باب: إبانة قوله وفي كل أربعين ابنة لبون وفي كل خمسين حقة
Explanation of his saying: "In every forty, a bint labun, and in every fifty, a hiqqah"
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أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ، ثنا أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ إِسْحَاقَ الْفَقِيهُ، ثنا أَبُو الْمُثَنَّى، ثنا عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ ابْنِ أَسْمَاءَ، ثنا عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ الْمُبَارَكِ، عَنْ يُونُسَ بْنِ يَزِيدَ، عَنِ ابْنِ شِهَابٍ قَالَ: هَذِهِ نُسْخَةُ كِتَابِ رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ الَّتِي كَتَبَ فِي الصَّدَقَةِ وَهُوَ عِنْدَ آلِ عُمَرَ بْنِ الْخَطَّابِ قَالَ ابْنُ شِهَابٍ: أَقْرَأَنِيهَا سَالِمُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ عُمَرَ فَوَعَيْتُهَا عَلَى وَجْهِهَا وَهِيَ الَّتِي انْتَسَخَ عُمَرُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْعَزِيزِ مِنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ عُمَرَ وَسَالِمِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللهِ حِينَ أُمِّرَ عَلَى الْمَدِينَةِ فَأَمَرَ عُمَّالَهُ بِالْعَمَلِ بِهَا وَكَتَبَ بِهَا إِلَى الْوَلِيدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْمَلِكِ فَأَمَرَ الْوَلِيدُ عُمَّالَهُ بِالْعَمَلِ بِهَا ثُمَّ لَمْ يَزَلِ الْخُلَفَاءُ يَأْمُرُونَ بِذَلِكَ بَعْدَهُ ثُمَّ أَمَرَ بِهَا هِشَامٌ فَنَسَخَهَا إِلَى كُلِّ عَامَلٍ مِنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ، وَأَمَرَهُمْ بِالْعَمَلِ بِمَا فِيهَا وَلَا يَتَعَدُّونَهَا، وَهَذَا كِتَابٌ تَفْسِيرُهُ: " لَا يُؤْخَذُ فِي شَيْءٍ مِنَ الْإِبِلِ الصَّدَقَةُ حَتَّى تَبْلُغَ خَمْسَ ذَوْدٍ، فَإِذَا بَلَغَتْ خَمْسًا فَفِيهَا شَاةٌ حَتَّى تَبْلُغَ عَشْرًا، فَإِذَا بَلَغَتْ عَشْرًا فَفِيهَا شَاتَانِ حَتَّى تَبْلُغَ خَمْسَ عَشْرَةَ، فَإِذَا بَلَغَتْ خَمْسَ عَشْرَةَ فَفِيهَا ثَلَاثُ شِيَاهٍ حَتَّى تَبْلُغَ عِشْرِينَ فَإِذَا بَلَغَتْ عِشْرِينَ فَفِيهَا أَرْبَعُ شِيَاهٍ حَتَّى تَبْلُغَ خَمْسًا وَعِشْرِينَ فَإِذَا بَلَغَتْ خَمْسًا وَعِشْرِينَ أُفْرِضَتْ فَكَانَ فِيهَا فَرِيضَةُ بِنْتِ مَخَاضٍ، فَإِنْ لَمْ تُوجَدْ بِنْتُ مَخَاضٍ فَابْنُ لَبُونٍ ذَكَرٌ حَتَّى تَبْلُغَ خَمْسًا وَثَلَاثِينَ فَإِذَا بَلَغَتْ سِتًّا وَثَلَاثِينَ فَفِيهَا بِنْتُ لَبُونٍ حَتَّى تَبْلُغَ خَمْسًا وَأَرْبَعِينَ، فَإِذَا كَانَتْ سِتًّا وَأَرْبَعِينَ فَفِيهَا حِقَّةٌ طَرُوقَةُ الْجَمَلِ حَتَّى تَبْلُغَ سِتِّينَ، فَإِذَا كَانَتْ إِحْدَى وَسِتِّينَ فَفِيهَا جَذَعَةٌ حَتَّى تَبْلُغَ خَمْسًا وَسَبْعِينَ، فَإِذَا بَلَغَتْ سِتًّا وَسَبْعِينَ فَفِيهَا بِنْتَا لَبُونٍ حَتَّى تَبْلُغَ تِسْعِينَ، فَإِذَا كَانَتْ إِحْدَى وَتِسْعِينَ فَفِيهَا حِقَّتَانِ طَرُوقَتَا الْجَمَلِ حَتَّى تَبْلُغَ عِشْرِينَ وَمِائَةً، فَإِذَا كَانَتْ إِحْدَى وَعِشْرِينَ وَمِائَةً فَفِيهَا ثَلَاثُ بَنَاتِ لَبُونٍ حَتَّى تَبْلُغَ تِسْعًا وَعِشْرِينَ وَمِائَةً، فَإِذَا كَانَتْ ثَلَاثِينَ وَمِائَةً فَفِيهَا حِقَّةٌ وَبِنْتَا لَبُونٍ حَتَّى تَبْلُغَ تِسْعًا وَثَلَاثِينَ وَمِائَةً، فَإِذَا كَانَتْ أَرْبَعِينَ وَمِائَةً فَفِيهَا حِقَّتَانِ وَبِنْتُ لَبُونٍ حَتَّى تَبْلُغَ تِسْعًا وَأَرْبَعِينَ وَمِائَةً، فَإِذَا كَانَتْ خَمْسِينَ وَمِائَةً فَفِيهَا ثَلَاثُ حِقَاقٍ حَتَّى تَبْلُغَ تِسْعًا وَخَمْسِينَ وَمِائَةً، فَإِذَا بَلَغَتْ سِتِّينَ وَمِائَةً فَفِيهَا أَرْبَعُ بَنَاتِ لَبُونٍ حَتَّى تَبْلُغَ تِسْعًا وَسِتِّينَ وَمِائَةً فَإِذَا كَانَتْ سَبْعِينَ وَمِائَةً فَفِيهَا حِقَّةٌ وَثَلَاثُ بَنَاتِ لَبُونٍ حَتَّى تَبْلُغَ تِسْعًا وَسَبْعِينَ وَمِائَةً، فَإِذَا كَانَتْ ثَمَانِينَ وَمِائَةً فَفِيهَا حِقَّتَانِ وَبِنْتَا لَبُونٍ حَتَّى تَبْلُغَ تِسْعًا وَثَمَانِينَ وَمِائَةً، فَإِذَا كَانَتْ تِسْعِينَ وَمِائَةً فَفِيهَا ثَلَاثُ حِقَاقٍ وَبِنْتُ لَبُونٍ حَتَّى تَبْلُغَ تِسْعًا وَتِسْعِينَ وَمِائَةً، فَإِذَا كَانَتْ مِائَتَيْنِ فَفِيهَا أَرْبَعُ حِقَاقٍ أَوْ خَمْسُ بَنَاتِ لَبُونٍ أِيَّ السِّنِينَ وُجِدَتْ فِيهَا أُخِذَتْ عَلَى عِدَّةِ مَا كَتَبْنَا فِي هَذَا الْكِتَابِ، ثُمَّ كُلُّ شَيْءٍ مِنَ الْإِبِلِ عَلَى ذَلِكَ يُؤْخَذُ عَلَى نَحْوِ مَا كَتَبْنَا فِي هَذَا الْكِتَابِ ⦗١٥٤⦘ وَلَا يُؤْخَذُ مِنَ الْغَنَمِ صَدَقَةٌ حَتَّى تَبْلُغَ أَرْبَعِينَ شَاةً، فَإِذَا بَلَغَتْ أَرْبَعِينَ شَاةً فَفِيهَا شَاةٌ حَتَّى تَبْلُغَ عِشْرِينَ وَمِائَةً، فَإِذَا كَانَتْ إِحْدَى وَعِشْرِينَ وَمِائَةً فَفِيهَا شَاتَانِ حَتَّى تَبْلُغَ مِائَتَيْنِ، فَإِذَا كَانَتْ شَاةً وَمِائَتَيْنِ فَفِيهَا ثَلَاثُ شِيَاهٍ حَتَّى تَبْلُغَ ثَلَاثَمِائَةٍ، فَإِذَا زَادَتْ عَلَى ثَلَاثِمِائَةِ شَاةٍ فَلَيْسَ فِيهَا إِلَّا ثَلَاثُ شِيَاهٍ حَتَّى تَبْلُغَ أَرْبَعَمِائَةِ شَاةٍ، فَإِذَا بَلَغَتْ أَرْبَعَمِائَةِ شَاةٍ فَفِيهَا أَرْبَعُ شِيَاهٍ حَتَّى تَبْلُغَ خَمْسَمِائَةً، فَإِذَا بَلَغَتْ خَمْسَمِائَةِ شَاةٍ فَفِيهَا خَمْسُ شِيَاهٍ حَتَّى تَبْلُغَ سِتَّمِائَةِ شَاةٍ، فَإِذَا بَلَغَتْ سِتَّمِائَةِ شَاةٍ فَفِيهَا سِتُّ شِيَاهٍ، فَإِذَا بَلَغَتْ سَبْعَمِائَةِ شَاةٍ فَفِيهَا سَبْعُ شِيَاهٍ حَتَّى تَبْلُغَ ثَمَانَ مِائَةِ شَاةٍ، فَإِذَا بَلَغَتْ ثَمَانَ مِائَةِ شَاةٍ فَفِيهَا ثَمَانُ شِيَاهٍ حَتَّى تَبْلُغَ تِسْعَمِائَةِ شَاةٍ، فَإِذَا بَلَغَتْ تِسْعَمِائَةِ شَاةٍ فَفِيهَا تِسْعُ شِيَاهٍ حَتَّى تَبْلُغَ أَلْفَ شَاةٍ فَإِذَا بَلَغَتْ أَلْفَ شَاةٍ فَفِيهَا عَشْرُ شِيَاهٍ ثُمَّ فِي كُلِّ مَا زَادَتْ مِائَةَ شَاةٍ شَاةٌ ".
Ibn Shihab (may Allah have mercy on him) said: This is the copy of the document of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) which he wrote about zakah, and it is with the family of Umar bin al-Khattab. Ibn Shihab said: Salim bin Abdullah bin Umar had me read it, and I memorised it exactly as it is. It is the one that Umar bin Abd al-Aziz copied from Abdullah bin Abdullah bin Umar and Salim bin Abdullah when he was made governor of Madinah; he ordered his officials to act upon it, and he wrote it to al-Walid bin Abd al-Malik, and al-Walid ordered his officials to act upon it. The caliphs after him continued to order that, then Hisham ordered it and had it copied for every official of the Muslims, and ordered them to act upon what was in it and not to exceed it. This is the document, and its explanation is: "No zakah is to be taken on any camels until they reach five. When they reach five, there is one goat until they reach ten. When they reach ten, there are two goats until they reach fifteen. When they reach fifteen, there are three goats until they reach twenty. When they reach twenty, there are four goats until they reach twenty-five. When they reach twenty-five, the due becomes a bint makhad; if a bint makhad is not found, then a male ibn labun, until they reach thirty-five. When they reach thirty-six, there is a bint labun until they reach forty-five. When they are forty-six, there is a hiqqah (fit to receive the stud camel) until they reach sixty. When they are sixty-one, there is a jadha'ah until they reach seventy-five. When they reach seventy-six, there are two bint labun until they reach ninety. When they are ninety-one, there are two hiqqahs (fit to receive the stud camel) until they reach one hundred and twenty. When they are one hundred and twenty-one, there are three bint labun until they reach one hundred and twenty-nine. When they are one hundred and thirty, there is one hiqqah and two bint labun until they reach one hundred and thirty-nine. When they are one hundred and forty, there are two hiqqahs and one bint labun until they reach one hundred and forty-nine. When they are one hundred and fifty, there are three hiqqahs until they reach one hundred and fifty-nine. When they reach one hundred and sixty, there are four bint labun until they reach one hundred and sixty-nine. When they are one hundred and seventy, there is one hiqqah and three bint labun until they reach one hundred and seventy-nine. When they are one hundred and eighty, there are two hiqqahs and two bint labun until they reach one hundred and eighty-nine. When they are one hundred and ninety, there are three hiqqahs and one bint labun until they reach one hundred and ninety-nine. When they are two hundred, there are four hiqqahs or five bint labun; whichever of the two ages is found among them is taken, according to the count we have written in this document. Then all camels beyond that are taken in the same way as we have written in this document. No zakah is taken on sheep until they reach forty. When they reach forty, there is one sheep until they reach one hundred and twenty. When they are one hundred and twenty-one, there are two sheep until they reach two hundred. When they are two hundred and one, there are three sheep until they reach three hundred. When they exceed three hundred, there are only three sheep until they reach four hundred. When they reach four hundred, there are four sheep until they reach five hundred. When they reach five hundred, there are five sheep until they reach six hundred. When they reach six hundred, there are six sheep. When they reach seven hundred, there are seven sheep until they reach eight hundred. When they reach eight hundred, there are eight sheep until they reach nine hundred. When they reach nine hundred, there are nine sheep until they reach a thousand. When they reach a thousand, there are ten sheep, and then for every additional hundred, one sheep."
وَأَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو الْحُسَيْنِ بْنُ بِشْرَانَ الْعَدْلُ، بِبَغْدَادَ أنبأ إِسْمَاعِيلُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ الصَّفَّارُ، ثنا الْحَارِثُ بْنُ أَبِي أُسَامَةَ، ثنا يَزِيدُ بْنُ هَارُونَ، أنبأ حَبِيبُ بْنُ أَبِي حَبِيبٍ، ثنا عَمْرُو بْنُ هَرِمٍ، حَدَّثَنِي مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ الْأَنْصَارِيُّ يَعْنِي أَبَا الرِّجَالِ، قَالَ: " لَمَّا اسْتُخْلِفَ عُمَرُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْعَزِيزِ أَرْسَلَ إِلَى الْمَدِينَةِ يَلْتَمِسُ كِتَابَ رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فِي الصَّدَقَاتِ وَكِتَابَ عُمَرَ فَوَجَدَ عِنْدَ آلِ عَمْرِو بْنِ حَزْمٍ كِتَابَ رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ إِلَى عَمْرِو بْنِ حَزْمٍ فِي الصَّدَقَاتِ وَوَجَدَ عِنْدَ آلِ عُمَرَ كِتَابَهُ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ فِي الصَّدَقَاتِ مِثْلَ كِتَابِ رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَنُسِخَا لَهُ فَحَدَّثَنِي عَمْرٌو أَنَّهُ طَلَبَ إِلَى مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ أَنْ يَنْسَخَ لَهُ مَا فِي ذَيْنِكَ الْكِتَابَيْنِ فَنُسِخَ لَهُ فَذَكَرَ صَدَقَةَ الْإِبِلِ مِنْ خَمْسٍ إِلَى مِائَتَيْنِ كَمَا مَضَى فِي الْحَدِيثِ قَبْلَهُ وَزَادَ فَقَالَ: " فَإِذَا بَلَغَتْ مِائَتَيْنِ وَعَشْرًا فَفِيهَا أَرْبَعُ بَنَاتِ لَبُونٍ وَحِقَّةٌ إِلَى أَنْ تَبْلُغَ عِشْرِينَ وَمِائَتَيْنِ فَإِذَا بَلَغَتْ عِشْرِينَ وَمِائَتَيْنِ فَفِيهَا ثَلَاثُ بَنَاتِ لَبُونٍ وَحِقَّتَانِ إِلَى أَنْ تَبْلُغَ ثَلَاثِينَ وَمِائَتَيْنِ، فَإِذَا بَلَغَتْ ثَلَاثِينَ وَمِائَتَيْنِ فَفِيهَا ثَلَاثُ حِقَاقٍ وَبِنْتَا لَبُونٍ "، ثُمَّ ذَكَرَ الْحَدِيثَ فِي ذِكْرِ فَرِيضَتِهَا كُلَّمَا زَادَتْ عَشْرًا حَتَّى تَبْلُغَ ثَلَاثَمِائَةٍ، قَالَ: " فَإِذَا بَلَغَتْ ثَلَاثَمِائَةٍ فَفِيهَا سِتُّ حِقَاقٍ أَوْ خَمْسُ بَنَاتِ ⦗١٥٥⦘ لَبُونٍ وَحِقَّتَانِ فَمِنْ أِيِّ هَذَيْنِ السِّنِينَ شَاءَ أَنْ يَأْخُذَ الْمُصَدِّقُ أَخَذَ، فَإِذَا زَادَ الْإِبِلُ عَلَى ثَلَاثِمِائَةٍ فَفِيهَا فِي كُلِّ خَمْسِينَ حِقَّةٌ وَفِي كُلِّ أَرْبَعِينَ ابْنَةُ لَبُونٍ وَلَا يَأْخُذُ مِمَّا دُونَ الْعَشْرِ شَيْئًا ".
Amr bin Harim (may Allah have mercy on him) said: Abu al-Rijal Muhammad bin Abd al-Rahman (al-Ansari) (may Allah have mercy on him) narrated to me that when Umar bin Abd al-Aziz (may Allah have mercy on him) became caliph, he sent to Madinah seeking the letter of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) about zakah and the letter of Umar (may Allah be pleased with him). He found with the family of Amr bin Hazm the letter of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) to Amr bin Hazm about zakah, and he found with the family of Umar his (may Allah be pleased with him) letter about zakah, like the letter of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), and both were copied for him. Amr (bin Harim) said that he asked Muhammad bin Abd al-Rahman to copy for him what was in those two letters, and it was copied for him. In it is: "The zakah of camels from five to two hundred is as has passed in the previous hadith." And he added these words: "When they reach two hundred and ten, there are four bint labun and one hiqqah up to two hundred and twenty. When they reach two hundred and twenty, there are three bint labun and two hiqqahs up to two hundred and thirty. When they reach two hundred and thirty, there are three hiqqahs and two bint labun up to two hundred and forty." Then he narrated the whole hadith, mentioning the obligatory due for every increase of ten, up to three hundred: "When they reach three hundred, there are six hiqqahs, or five bint labun and two hiqqahs, and the collector may take whichever of these two ages he wishes. When the camels exceed three hundred, then on every fifty a hiqqah and on every forty a bint labun, and nothing is to be taken on what is less than ten."
وَأَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ، ثنا أَبُو الْعَبَّاسِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ ثنا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِسْحَاقَ الصَّغَانِيُّ، ثنا يَزِيدُ بْنُ هَارُونَ، أنبأ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِسْحَاقَ، وَحَبِيبٌ، عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ هَرِمٍ، أَنَّ أَبَا الرِّجَالِ مُحَمَّدَ بْنَ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ الْأَنْصَارِيَّ أَخْبَرَهُ، أَنَّ عُمَرَ بْنَ عَبْدِ الْعَزِيزِ حِينَ اسْتُخْلِفَ أَرْسَلَ إِلَى الْمَدِينَةِ يَلْتَمِسُ عَهْدَ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فِي الصَّدَقَاتِ فَوَجَدَ عِنْدَ آلِ عَمْرِو بْنِ حَزْمٍ كِتَابَ رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ إِلَى عَمْرِو بْنِ حَزْمٍ فِي الصَّدَقَاتِ، وَوَجَدَ عِنْدَ آلِ عُمَرَ بْنِ الْخَطَّابِ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ كِتَابَ عُمَرَ إِلَى عُمَّالِهِ فِي الصَّدَقَاتِ بِمِثْلِ كِتَابِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ إِلَى عَمْرِو بْنِ حَزْمٍ فَأَمَرَ عُمَرُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْعَزِيزِ عُمَّالَهُ عَلَى الصَّدَقَاتِ أَنْ يَأْخُذُوا بِمَا فِي ذَيْنِكَ الْكِتَابَيْنِ فَكَانَ فِيهِمَا " فِي صَدَقَةِ الْإِبِلِ مَا زَادَتْ عَلَى التِّسْعِينَ وَاحِدَةً فَفِيهَا حِقَّتَانِ إِلَى عِشْرِينَ وَمِائَةٍ، فَإِذَا زَادَتْ عَلَى الْعِشْرِينَ وَمِائَةٍ وَاحِدَةً فَفِيهَا ثَلَاثُ بَنَاتِ لَبُونٍ حَتَّى تَبْلُغَ تِسْعًا وَعِشْرِينَ وَمِائَةً فَإِذَا كَانَتِ الْإِبِلُ أَكْثَرَ مِنْ ذَلِكَ فَلَيْسَ فِيمَا لَا يَبْلُغُ الْعَشَرَةَ مِنْهَا شَيْءٌ حَتَّى تَبْلُغَ الْعَشَرَةَ ".
When Umar bin Abd al-Aziz (may Allah have mercy on him) became caliph, he sent a message to Madinah that the letter about zakah from the time of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) be sought. It was found with the family of Amr bin Hazm (may Allah be pleased with him), and with the family of Umar bin al-Khattab (may Allah be pleased with him) (a letter was found) that Sayyiduna Umar bin al-Khattab (may Allah be pleased with him) had sent to his officials; it was just like the one the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) had written to Sayyiduna Amr bin Hazm (may Allah be pleased with him). So Umar bin Abd al-Aziz (may Allah have mercy on him) said that the obligatory zakah should be determined from these two copies. In it, the zakah of camels was as follows: "When they exceed ninety by one, there are two hiqqahs, 'three-year-old she-camels', up to one hundred and twenty. When they exceed one hundred and twenty by even one, there are three bint labun, 'two-year-old she-camels', until they become one hundred and twenty-nine. When the camels become more than that, it is likewise, and until they reach ten (more) there is no zakah on them."
