Musannaf Ibn Abi Shaybah

Numran bin Mukhamar Rahbi (may Allah have mercy on him) says that Hazrat Abu Ubaidah bin Jarrah (may Allah be pleased with him) was going with an army and kept saying: Many who keep their clothes clean are such that they are making their religion dirty.

It is narrated from Hazrat Abu Ubaidah (may Allah be pleased with him) that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Whoever spends one rupee from his surplus wealth in the way of Allah will be given a reward seven hundred times over.

Hazrat Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) once pointed towards Makkah Mukarramah and said, "I will perform Hajj here, then I will set out in the path of Allah."

Hazrat Khansa bint Muawiyah (may Allah be pleased with her) narrates that my uncle (Aslam bin Salim, may Allah be pleased with him) told me: I asked the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), "O Messenger of Allah! Who will enter Paradise?" The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) replied: "The Prophet will enter Paradise, the martyr will enter Paradise, and the girl who was buried alive will enter Paradise."

Hazrat Musa bin Talha (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates that Hazrat Talha (may Allah be pleased with him) received more than twenty wounds along with the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him).

It is narrated from Hazrat Abu Hurairah (may Allah be pleased with him) that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Whoever sets out in the way of Allah, seeking the pleasure of Allah and to attain Allah’s promise, he is like a fasting, night-worshipping person who remains engaged in fasting and worship until the Mujahid returns from his journey.

It is narrated from Hazrat Ka'b bin Malik (may Allah be pleased with him) that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Whoever is wounded in the path of Allah, when he comes on the Day of Resurrection, blood will be flowing from his wound. The color of the blood will be red, but its fragrance will be like musk. Let the one who knows more of the Qur'an go ahead and lower him into the grave.

A Sheikh of Madinah Munawwarah, may Allah have mercy on him, says that there was a deep friendship between me and a scribe of Ubaidullah bin Ziyad, may Allah be pleased with him. I said to him, "Make a copy for me of a letter that Abdullah bin Abi Awfa, may Allah be pleased with him, wrote to Ubaidullah bin Ziyad." He made a copy for me, and in it was: It is narrated from Abdullah bin Abi Awfa, may Allah be pleased with him, that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: Do not pray for encountering the enemy, but when you do face the enemy, remain steadfast. Remember, Paradise is under the shade of swords. The practice of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ was that he would wait until the time of decline (zawal), and when the sun had declined, he would attack the enemy and say: O Allah! Revealer of the Book, Sender of the clouds, Defeater of the armies, defeat them and help us.

Hazrat Yahya bin Abbad (may Allah have mercy on him) says that the virtue of one who performs jihad at sea over one who performs jihad on land is like the virtue of one who performs jihad on land over one who sits at home.

It is narrated from Hazrat Abu Saeed Khudri (may Allah be pleased with him) that in the year of the conquest of Makkah, the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) delivered a sermon leaning against the trunk of a date palm and said: I will tell you about the best and the worst of people. The best person is the one who rides his horse or camel, or walks on foot in the path of Allah, and death comes to him. The worst person is the wicked and shameless one who recites the Book of Allah but does not pay heed to its contents.

Hazrat Abu Talha (may Allah be pleased with him) said regarding the verse of the Holy Qur'an (انْفِرُوا خِفَافًا وَثِقَالاً) that in it, both the young and the old are commanded. Then he said that in my opinion, this verse has not left any excuse for anyone. Then he went to Syria and participated in jihad.

It is narrated from Hazrat Umar bin Khattab (may Allah be pleased with him) that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Whoever is killed or dies in the way of Allah will enter Paradise.

A companion (may Allah be pleased with him) says that there are three occasions when supplication is certainly accepted: at the time of rain, at the time of the call to establish prayer, and at the time of standing in the rows during battle.

Hazrat Saeed bin Zaid (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates that to spend a day in the company of Allah’s Messenger ﷺ in the path of Allah for the purpose of jihad, in which the face becomes covered with dust, is better than worshipping for the entire lifespan of Noah if one were to attain it.

It is narrated from Hazrat Abu Huraira (may Allah be pleased with him) that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: A disbeliever and his Muslim killer cannot be gathered together in Hell.

Hazrat Wasil bin Saib Raqashi (may Allah have mercy on him) narrates that Hazrat Ata bin Rabah (may Allah have mercy on him) asked me: "Which mount is it that is obligatory to keep?" I replied: "A horse." He said: "This is indeed a thing of great reward. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Shall I not tell you who among Allah’s servants, after the Prophets, the Siddiqeen, and the martyrs, has the greatest reward with Allah? It is the believing servant who, mounted on his horse in the path of Allah, sits leaning on his spear, and due to sleep sometimes sways to the right and sometimes to the left. He seeks forgiveness from the Most Merciful and curses Satan. For him, the gates of the heavens are opened, and Allah Almighty says to the angels: 'Look at My servant.' The angels also seek forgiveness for him." Then the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) recited this verse: __QUR_N__ "Indeed, Allah has purchased from the believers their lives and their properties [in exchange] for that they will have Paradise. They fight in the way of Allah..." (At-Tawbah: 111) __REF_N__

Hazrat Abu Ubaidah bin Hudhaifah (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates that once Hazrat Hudhaifah bin Yaman (may Allah be pleased with him), Hazrat Abdullah bin Mas’ud (may Allah be pleased with him), Hazrat Abu Mas’ud Ansari (may Allah be pleased with him), and Hazrat Abu Musa Ash’ari (may Allah be pleased with him) were in the mosque when a man came and said: O Abdullah bin Qais (may Allah be pleased with him)! If I take up my sword and, remaining steadfast with the intention of seeking Allah’s pleasure, perform jihad and am killed with this intention, where will I go? He replied: To Paradise. Hazrat Hudhaifah (may Allah be pleased with him) then said at that moment: Understand this person’s question and explain the correct answer to him, because misunderstanding the matter could also lead him to Hell. Then Hazrat Hudhaifah (may Allah be pleased with him) said: If you understand the truth correctly and then take up your sword and are martyred in the path of Allah, you will go to Paradise. But if a person errs in understanding the truth and does not receive guidance to the right path, and is killed upon that, then he will go to Hell. Upon this, everyone said: You are right.

Hazrat Ibn Sirin (may Allah have mercy on him) said that the predecessors used to say that fighting in the way of Allah is better than sitting at home, and sitting at home is better than fighting in the way of misguidance. If a person has doubt about something, he should rise above the doubt and choose the matter.

Hazrat Bara bin Azib (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates that when this verse was revealed { لاَ یَسْتَوِی الْقَاعِدُونَ مِنَ الْمُؤْمِنِینَ }, { وَالْمُجَاہِدُونَ فِی سَبِیلِ اللہِ } the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Call Zaid (may Allah be pleased with him) and tell him to bring a tablet and inkpot as well." Then he said, "Write { لاَ یَسْتَوِی الْقَاعِدُونَ مِنَ الْمُؤْمِنِینَ }." Upon hearing this verse, a blind companion, Hazrat Amr ibn Umm Maktum (may Allah be pleased with him), submitted, "O Messenger of Allah! I do not have the strength for jihad, what do you command me to do?" Upon this, Allah the Exalted revealed { غَیْرُ أُولِی الضَّرَرِ }.

Hazrat Masruq (may Allah have mercy on him) narrates that once the mention of martyrs was made in the presence of Hazrat Umar (may Allah be pleased with him), so he said: Whom do you consider to be martyrs? The people present said, O Commander of the Faithful! Those who are killed in battles. Hazrat Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) said: In that case, your martyrs will be very many. I will tell you about the martyrs. Bravery and cowardice are traits found among people, which Allah Almighty places in whomsoever He wills. A brave person fights without caring what will happen to those behind him. A coward flees from his death; a martyr stakes his life. A muhajir (emigrant) is one who leaves the things forbidden by Allah, and a Muslim is one from whose hand and tongue other Muslims are safe.

Hazrat Urwah (may Allah have mercy on him) narrates that the first person to draw a sword in the path of Allah was Hazrat Zubair (may Allah be pleased with him). Once, a rumor spread that the disbelievers had captured the Prophet ﷺ. Upon hearing this, Hazrat Zubair (may Allah be pleased with him) took up his sword and went out, passing through the people. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ was in the upper part of Makkah. When they met, the Messenger of Allah ﷺ asked, "O Zubair! What happened?" Hazrat Zubair (may Allah be pleased with him) replied, "I heard that the disbelievers had captured you." Upon this, the Prophet ﷺ prayed for him and also prayed for his sword.

Hazrat Jabir Ra’ini, may Allah have mercy on him, narrates that when Hazrat Abu Bakr, may Allah be pleased with him, was bidding farewell to an army, he walked along with them and said: “All praise is for Allah, our feet have become dusty in His path.” A man said, “We have merely followed behind them.” Hazrat Abu Bakr, may Allah be pleased with him, said, “We prepared them, we walked behind them, and we prayed for them.”

Hazrat Qais narrates that Hazrat Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) dispatched an army and he himself walked with them on foot. The people said, "O Caliph of the Messenger of Allah! Please mount (your ride)." Hazrat Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) replied, "I wish to walk with my own feet in the path of Allah."

Hazrat Abu Ishaq (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates that when Ikrimah bin Abi Jahl (may Allah be pleased with him) accepted Islam, he came to the service of the Prophet ﷺ and said, "As much strength as I spent in preventing people from the path of Allah, I will spend double that strength in bringing people towards the path of Allah, and as much wealth as I spent in preventing people from the path of Allah, I will spend double that wealth in the path of Allah." In the Battle of Yarmouk, Hazrat Ikrimah (may Allah be pleased with him) dismounted from his ride and fought fiercely on foot until he was martyred. There were more than seventy wounds of spears, arrows, and swords on his body.

Hazrat Qais bin Bishr Taghlabi (may Allah have mercy on him) says that my father was sitting in the gathering of Hazrat Abu Darda (may Allah be pleased with him) in Damascus. In Damascus, there was also a secluded Ansari companion named Ibn Hanzaliyah (may Allah be pleased with him). He used to have very little interaction with people. When he finished his prayer, he would recite tasbih and tahleel and go to his home. Once he passed by us while we were sitting with Hazrat Abu Darda (may Allah be pleased with him). He greeted us with salam, so Hazrat Abu Darda (may Allah be pleased with him) said, "Tell us something that will benefit us and will not harm you to tell." He said, "The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: The one who spends on his horse in the way of Allah is like the one who keeps giving charity continuously without interruption." Then one day he passed by us again and greeted us with salam, so Hazrat Abu Darda (may Allah be pleased with him) said, "Tell us something that will benefit us and will not harm you." He said, "The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: When you are to meet your brothers, then prepare your mounts and your clothes properly so that you do not appear bad while sitting among people. Allah Almighty does not like those who do bad deeds."

Ibrahim narrates that Abdur Rahman bin Yazid (may Allah have mercy on him) once said, "Come to us so that we may divide the spoils of war." I went to him in the morning, and he said, "Last night I recited Surah At-Tawbah; this Surah encourages jihad." Saying this, he set out for jihad.

Hazrat Ibn Umar (may Allah be pleased with both of them) said: I do not sell the share obtained in jihad, and I do not perform jihad for wealth.

Hazrat Shaqiq (may Allah have mercy on him) says that I asked Hazrat Abdullah bin Zubair (may Allah be pleased with him) about the spoils of war, so he replied: If you receive it, spend it in the way of Allah, and if you do not take it, that is better. I asked Hazrat Ibn Umar (may Allah be pleased with them both), so he replied: I only take that which Allah gives me without effort.

Hazrat Ubaidullah bin Ajjam (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates that I asked Hazrat Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with both of them) about the spoils of war. He replied that if you spend this wealth on any weapon or horse, then there is no harm in it, but if you spend it on a slave or a bondwoman, then it is not appropriate.

Hazrat Abu Bakr bin Amr bin Utbah (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates that during the time of Hazrat Muawiyah (may Allah be pleased with him), people were once sent for jihad by compulsion. Hazrat Muawiyah (may Allah be pleased with him) wrote in a letter to Hazrat Jarir bin Abdullah (may Allah be pleased with him) that we are not sending you and your son by force. Hazrat Jarir bin Abdullah (may Allah be pleased with him) replied in writing that I have pledged allegiance at the blessed hand of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) to obey the leader and to wish well for the Muslims. If we are sent, we will go; otherwise, we will not provide strength to those who go.

Hazrat Aswad, may Allah have mercy on him, was asked: If a mujahid receives a greater share of the spoils of war than a non-mujahid, but he considers this greater share to be insufficient and demands more, what is this? He replied that there is no harm in it. Hazrat Shurayh, may Allah have mercy on him, was asked about this matter, and he said: Leave that which puts you in doubt and adopt that which does not put you in doubt.

Hazrat Mak’hool (may Allah have mercy on him) did not see any harm in giving a larger share of the spoils of war to a particular tribe.

It is narrated from Hazrat Jubair bin Nufair Hadhrami (may Allah be pleased with him) that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Those people of my Ummah who strive in jihad and, after striving, take a greater share of the spoils of war than other mujahideen and use it as strength against the enemy—their example is like the mother of Hazrat Musa (peace be upon him), who used to nurse her son and (from Pharaoh) would take compensation for it.

Hazrat Ibn Aun (may Allah have mercy on him) says that I asked Hazrat Ibn Sirin (may Allah have mercy on him) whether, if a person wishes to perform jihad, should he be assisted? He replied that Muslims always benefit one another.

Hazrat Naseer narrates that Hazrat Rabee’ (may Allah have mercy on him) used to take a larger share from the spoils of war allotted to the Mujahid and distribute it among the needy.

Hazrat Usman bin Aswad (may Allah have mercy on him) narrates that something was offered to Hazrat Mujahid (may Allah have mercy on him) in exchange for one day of jihad, which he accepted.

Hazrat Ikrimah (may Allah have mercy on him), Hazrat Aswad (may Allah have mercy on him), and Hazrat Masruq (may Allah have mercy on him) have considered it undesirable for a Mujahid to receive an extra share from the spoils of war.

Hazrat Masrooq (may Allah have mercy on him) has considered Ja'il as disliked.

Hazrat Nu’man bin Abi ‘Ayyash (may Allah have mercy on him), Ibn Laqit (may Allah have mercy on him), and Hazrat ‘Amr bin ‘Alqamah (may Allah have mercy on him) used to take the extra share of the spoils of war and would set out for jihad.

Hazrat Abdur Rahman bin Yazid (may Allah have mercy on him) used to befriend a person and then perform jihad on his behalf.