المطالب العالية بزوائد المسانيد الثمانية
Al-Matalib al-'Aliyah
كتاب السيرة والمغازي
Book of the Sirah and the Military Expeditions
بَابُ وقعة أحد
The Battle of Uhud
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قَالَ إِسْحَاقُ : أَخْبَرَنَا وَهْبُ بْنُ جَرِيرِ بْنِ حَازِمٍ ، حَدَّثَنَا أَبِي ، قَالَ : سَمِعْتُ مُحَمَّدَ بْنَ إِسْحَاقَ يَقُولُ : حَدَّثَنِي يَحْيَى بْنُ عَبَّادٍ ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ الزُّبَيْرِ ، عَنِ الزُّبَيْرِ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ ، قَالَ : وَاللهِ ، إِنِّي لَأَنْظُرُ يَوْمَئِذٍ إِلَى خَدَمِ النِّسَاءِ مُشَمِّرَاتٍ يَسْعَيْنَ حِينَ انْهَزَمَ الْقَوْمُ ، وَمَا أَرَى دُونَ أَخْذِهِنَّ شَيْئًا ، وَإِنَّا لَنَحْسِبُهُمْ قَتْلَى مَا يَرْجِعُ إِلَيْنَا مِنْهُمْ أَحَدٌ ، وَلَقَدْ أُصِيبَ أَصْحَابُ اللِّوَاءِ ، وَصَبَرُوا عِنْدَهُ حَتَّى صَارَ إِلَى عَبْدٍ لَهُ حَبَشِيٍّ يُقَالُ لَهُ : صَوَابٌ ، ثُمَّ قُتِلَ صَوَابٌ فَطَرَحَ اللِّوَاءَ ، فَمَا يَقْرَبُهُ أَحَدٌ مِنْ خَلْقِ اللهِ تَعَالَى حَتَّى وَثَبَتْ إِلَيْهِ عَمْرَةُ بِنْتُ عَلْقَمَةَ الْحَارِثِيَّةُ ، فَرَفَعَتْهُ لَهُمْ ، وَثَابَ إِلَيْهِ النَّاسُ .
قَالَ الزُّبَيْرُ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ : فَوَاللهِ ، إِنَّا لَكَذَلِكَ قَدْ عَلَوْنَاهُمْ وَظَهَرْنَا عَلَيْهِمْ ، إِذْ خَالَفَتِ الرُّمَاةُ عَنْ أَمْرِ رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، فَأَقْبَلُوا إِلَى الْعَسْكَرِ حِينَ رَأَوْهُ مُخْتَلًّا قَدْ أَجْهَضْنَاهُمْ عَنْهُ ، فَرَغِبُوا إِلَى الْغَنَائِمِ وَتَرَكُوا عَهْدَ رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَجَعَلُوا يَأْخُذُونَ الْأَمْتِعَةَ ، فَأَتَتْنَا الْخَيْلُ مِنْ خَلْفِنَا فَحَطَّمَتْنَا ، وَكَرَّ النَّاسُ مُنْهَزِمِينَ ، فَصَرَخَ صَارِخٌ يَرَوْنَ أَنَّهُ الشَّيْطَانُ : أَلَا إِنَّ مُحَمَّدًا قَدْ قُتِلَ ، فَأَعْظَمَ النَّاسُ ، وَرَكِبَ بَعْضُهُمْ بَعْضًا ، فَصَارُوا أَثْلَاثًا : ثُلُثًا جَرِيحًا ، وَثُلُثًا مَقْتُولًا ، وَثُلُثًا مُنْهَزِمًا ، قَدْ بَلَغَتِ الْحَرْبُ ، وَقَدْ كَانَتِ الرُّمَاةُ اخْتَلَفُوا فِيمَا بَيْنَهُمْ ، فَقَالَتْ طَائِفَةٌ رَأَوُا النَّاسَ وَقَعُوا فِي الْغَنَائِمِ : وَقَدْ هَزَمَ اللهُ تَعَالَى الْمُشْرِكِينَ ، وَأَخَذَ الْمُسْلِمُونَ الْغَنَائِمَ ، فَمَاذَا تَنْتَظِرُونَ ؟ وَقَالَتْ طَائِفَةٌ : قَدْ تَقَدَّمَ إِلَيْكُمْ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، وَنَهَاكُمْ أَنْ تُفَارِقُوا مَكَانَكُمْ ، إِنْ كَانَتْ عَلَيْهِ أَوْ لَهُ ، فَتَنَازَعُوا فِي ذَلِكَ ، ثُمَّ إِنَّ الطَّائِفَةَ الْأُولَى مِنَ الرُّمَاةِ أَبَتْ إِلَّا أَنْ تَلْحَقَ بِالْعَسْكَرِ ، فَتَفَرَّقَ الْقَوْمُ ، وَتَرَكُوا مَكَانَهُمْ ، فَعِنْدَ ذَلِكَ حَمَلَتْ خَيْلُ الْمُشْرِكِينَ .
هَذَا إِسْنَادٌ صَحِيحٌ ، لَهُ شَاهِدٌ فِي الصَّحِيحِ مِنْ حَدِيثِ الْبَرَاءِ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ .
4260 \ 2 - وَبِهَذَا الْإِسْنَادِ إِلَى الزُّبَيْرِ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ : وَاللهِ إِنَّ النُّعَاسَ لَيَغْشَانِي إِذْ سَمِعْتُ ابْنَ قُشَيْرٍ يَقُولُهَا ، وَمَا أَسْمَعُهَا مِنْهُ إِلَّا كَالْحُلْمِ ، ثُمَّ قَرَأَ : إِنَّ الَّذِينَ تَوَلَّوْا مِنْكُمْ يَوْمَ الْتَقَى الْجَمْعَانِ إِنَّمَا اسْتَزَلَّهُمُ الشَّيْطَانُ بِبَعْضِ مَا كَسَبُوا وَلَقَدْ عَفَا اللهُ عَنْهُمْ إِنَّ اللهَ غَفُورٌ حَلِيمٌ .
قَالَ : وَالَّذِينَ تَوَلَّوْا عِنْدَ جَوْلَةِ النَّاسِ عُثْمَانُ بْنُ عَفَّانَ ، وَسَعِيدُ بْنُ عُثْمَانَ الزُّرَقِيُّ ، وَأَخُوهُ عُقْبَةُ بْنُ عُثْمَانَ ، حَتَّى بَلَغُوا جَبَلًا بِنَاحِيَةِ الْمَدِينَةِ يُقَالُ لَهُ : الْحَاجِبُ بِبَطْنِ الْأَعْوَصِ ، فَأَقَامُوا بِهِ ثَلَاثًا ، فَزَعَمُوا أَنَّهُمْ لَمَّا رَجَعُوا إِلَى رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، قَالَ : لَقَدْ ذَهَبْتُمْ فِيهَا عَرِيضَةً .
ثُمَّ قَالَ : يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا لا تَكُونُوا كَالَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا يَعْنِي : الْمُنَافِقِينَ ، وَقَالُوا لإِخْوَانِهِمْ إِذَا ضَرَبُوا فِي الأَرْضِ أَوْ كَانُوا غُزًّى لَوْ كَانُوا عِنْدَنَا مَا مَاتُوا وَمَا قُتِلُوا لِيَجْعَلَ اللهُ ذَلِكَ حَسْرَةً فِي قُلُوبِهِمْ الْآيَةَ ، قَالَ : ابْتِغَاءً وَتَحَسُّرًا ، وَذَلِكَ لَا يُغْنِي عَنْهُمْ شَيْئًا .
ثُمَّ كَانَتِ الْقِصَّةُ فِيمَا يَأْمُرُ بِهِ نَبِيَّهُ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَيَعْهَدُ إِلَيْهِ ، حَتَّى انْتَهَى إِلَى قَوْلِهِ : أَوَلَمَّا أَصَابَتْكُمْ مُصِيبَةٌ قَدْ أَصَبْتُمْ مِثْلَيْهَا يَعْنِي : يَوْمَ بَدْرٍ ، فِيمَنْ قُتِلُوا وَأُسِرُوا ، قُلْتُمْ أَنَّى هَذَا قُلْ هُوَ مِنْ عِنْدِ أَنْفُسِكُمْ الَّتِي كَانَتْ مِنَ الرُّمَاةِ ، قَالَ : فَقَالَ : وَمَا أَصَابَكُمْ يَوْمَ الْتَقَى الْجَمْعَانِ فَبِإِذْنِ اللهِ وَلِيَعْلَمَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ يَقُولُ : عَلَانِيَةَ أَمْرِهِمْ وَيَظْهَرَ أَمْرُهُمْ ، وَلِيَعْلَمَ الَّذِينَ نَافَقُوا فَيَكُونُ أَمْرُهُمْ عَلَانِيَةً ، وَيَعْنِي عَبْدَ اللهِ بْنَ أُبَيٍّ وَمَنْ مَعَهُ مِمَّنْ رَجَعَ عَنْ رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ حِينَ سَارَ إِلَى عَدُوِّهِ ، وَقِيلَ لَهُمْ تَعَالَوْا قَاتِلُوا فِي سَبِيلِ اللهِ أَوِ ادْفَعُوا قَالُوا لَوْ نَعْلَمُ قِتَالا لاتَّبَعْنَاكُمْ وَذَلِكَ لِقَوْلِهِمْ حِينَ قَالَ لَهُمْ أَصْحَابُ رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَهُمْ سَائِرُونَ إِلَى أُحُدٍ حِينَ انْصَرَفُوا عَنْهُمْ : أَتَخْذُلُونَنَا وَتُسْلِمُونَنَا لِعَدُوِّنَا ، فَقَالُوا : مَا نَرَى أَنْ يَكُونَ قِتَالًا ، لَوْ نَرَى أَنْ يَكُونَ قِتَالًا لَاتَّبَعْنَاكُمْ ، يَقُولُ اللهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ : هُمْ لِلْكُفْرِ يَوْمَئِذٍ أَقْرَبُ مِنْهُمْ لِلإِيمَانِ يَقُولُونَ بِأَفْوَاهِهِمْ مَا لَيْسَ فِي قُلُوبِهِمْ وَاللهُ أَعْلَمُ بِمَا يَكْتُمُونَ الَّذِينَ قَالُوا لإِخْوَانِهِمْ مِنْ ذَوِي أَرْحَامِهِمْ ، وَلَمْ يَعْنِ تَعَالَى إِخْوَانَهُمْ فِي الدِّينِ لَوْ أَطَاعُونَا مَا قُتِلُوا ، قَالَ اللهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ : قُلْ فَادْرَؤُوا عَنْ أَنْفُسِكُمُ الْمَوْتَ إِنْ كُنْتُمْ صَادِقِينَ .
قَالَ إِسْحَاقُ : هَكَذَا حَدَّثَنَا بِهِ وَهْبٌ ، وَأَظُنُّ بَعْضَ التَّفْسِيرِ مِنِ ابْنِ إِسْحَاقَ ، يَعْنِي قَوْلَهُ كَذَا يَعْنِي كَذَا .
قُلْتُ : بَلِ انْتَهَى حَدِيثُ الزُّبَيْرِ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ إِلَى قَوْلِهِ تَبَارَكَ وَتَعَالَى : غَفُورٌ حَلِيمٌ ، وَمِنْ قَوْلِهِ : قَالَ : وَالَّذِينَ تَوَلَّوْا إِلَى آخِرِ الْحَدِيثِ مِنْ حَدِيثِ ابْنِ إِسْحَاقَ بِغَيْرِ إِسْنَادٍ .
4260 \ 3 - أَخْبَرَنَا يَحْيَى بْنُ آدَمَ ، حَدَّثَنَا ابْنُ أَبِي زَائِدَةَ ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ إِسْحَاقَ ، عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ عَبَّادٍ ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ الزُّبَيْرِ ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ ، قَالَ : لَقَدْ رَأَيْتُنِي مَعَ رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَوْمَ أُحُدٍ حِينَ اشْتَدَّ عَلَيْنَا الْخَوْفُ وَأُرْسِلَ عَلَيْنَا النَّوْمُ ، فَمَا مِنَّا أَحَدٌ إِلَّا وَذَقَنُهُ - أَوْ قَالَ : ذَقَنُهُ - فِي صَدْرِهِ ، فَوَاللهِ ، إِنِّي لَأَسْمَعُ كَالْحُلْمِ قَوْلَ مُعَتِّبِ بْنِ قُشَيْرٍ لَوْ كَانَ لَنَا مِنَ الْأَمْرِ شَيْءٌ مَا قُتِلْنَا هَاهُنَا ، فَحَفِظْتُهَا ، فَأَنْزَلَ اللهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ فِي ذَلِكَ : ثُمَّ أَنْـزَلَ عَلَيْكُمْ مِنْ بَعْدِ الْغَمِّ أَمَنَةً نُعَاسًا إِلَى قَوْلِهِ : مَا قُتِلْنَا هَا هُنَا لِقَوْلِ مُعَتِّبِ بْنِ قُشَيْرٍ ، قَالَ : لَوْ كُنْتُمْ فِي بُيُوتِكُمْ حَتَّى بَلَغَ : وَاللهُ عَلِيمٌ بِذَاتِ الصُّدُورِ .
4260 \ 4 - أَخْبَرَنَا وَهْبٌ ، حَدَّثَنَا أَبِي ، قَالَ : سَمِعْتُ مُحَمَّدَ بْنَ إِسْحَاقَ يَقُولُ : حَدَّثَنِي يَحْيَى بْنُ عَبَّادٍ ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ الزُّبَيْرِ ، عَنِ الزُّبَيْرِ بْنِ الْعَوَّامِ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ ، قَالَ : خَرَجْنَا مَعَ رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ مُصْعِدِينَ فِي أُحُدٍ ... فَذَكَرَ الْحَدِيثَ .
قَالَ : ثُمَّ أَمَرَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ عَلِيَّ بْنَ أَبِي طَالِبٍ يَأْتِي الْمِهْرَاسَ ، فَأَتَاهُ بِمَاءٍ فِي دَرَقَتِهِ ، فَأَتَى بِهِ رَسُولَ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، فَأَرَادَ أَنْ يَشْرَبَ مِنْهُ ، فَوَجَدَ لَهُ رِيحًا فَعَافَهُ ، فَغَسَلَ بِهِ وَجْهَهُ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ مِنَ الدِّمَاءِ الَّتِي أَصَابَتْهُ ، وَهُوَ يَقُولُ : اشْتَدَّ غَضَبُ اللهِ عَلَى مَنْ أَدْمَى وَجْهَ رَسُولِ اللهِ ، وَكَانَ الَّذِي أَدْمَاهُ يَوْمَئِذٍ عُتْبَةُ بْنُ أَبِي وَقَّاصٍ .
قَالَ الزُّبَيْرُ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ : فَوَاللهِ ، إِنَّا لَكَذَلِكَ قَدْ عَلَوْنَاهُمْ وَظَهَرْنَا عَلَيْهِمْ ، إِذْ خَالَفَتِ الرُّمَاةُ عَنْ أَمْرِ رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، فَأَقْبَلُوا إِلَى الْعَسْكَرِ حِينَ رَأَوْهُ مُخْتَلًّا قَدْ أَجْهَضْنَاهُمْ عَنْهُ ، فَرَغِبُوا إِلَى الْغَنَائِمِ وَتَرَكُوا عَهْدَ رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَجَعَلُوا يَأْخُذُونَ الْأَمْتِعَةَ ، فَأَتَتْنَا الْخَيْلُ مِنْ خَلْفِنَا فَحَطَّمَتْنَا ، وَكَرَّ النَّاسُ مُنْهَزِمِينَ ، فَصَرَخَ صَارِخٌ يَرَوْنَ أَنَّهُ الشَّيْطَانُ : أَلَا إِنَّ مُحَمَّدًا قَدْ قُتِلَ ، فَأَعْظَمَ النَّاسُ ، وَرَكِبَ بَعْضُهُمْ بَعْضًا ، فَصَارُوا أَثْلَاثًا : ثُلُثًا جَرِيحًا ، وَثُلُثًا مَقْتُولًا ، وَثُلُثًا مُنْهَزِمًا ، قَدْ بَلَغَتِ الْحَرْبُ ، وَقَدْ كَانَتِ الرُّمَاةُ اخْتَلَفُوا فِيمَا بَيْنَهُمْ ، فَقَالَتْ طَائِفَةٌ رَأَوُا النَّاسَ وَقَعُوا فِي الْغَنَائِمِ : وَقَدْ هَزَمَ اللهُ تَعَالَى الْمُشْرِكِينَ ، وَأَخَذَ الْمُسْلِمُونَ الْغَنَائِمَ ، فَمَاذَا تَنْتَظِرُونَ ؟ وَقَالَتْ طَائِفَةٌ : قَدْ تَقَدَّمَ إِلَيْكُمْ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، وَنَهَاكُمْ أَنْ تُفَارِقُوا مَكَانَكُمْ ، إِنْ كَانَتْ عَلَيْهِ أَوْ لَهُ ، فَتَنَازَعُوا فِي ذَلِكَ ، ثُمَّ إِنَّ الطَّائِفَةَ الْأُولَى مِنَ الرُّمَاةِ أَبَتْ إِلَّا أَنْ تَلْحَقَ بِالْعَسْكَرِ ، فَتَفَرَّقَ الْقَوْمُ ، وَتَرَكُوا مَكَانَهُمْ ، فَعِنْدَ ذَلِكَ حَمَلَتْ خَيْلُ الْمُشْرِكِينَ .
هَذَا إِسْنَادٌ صَحِيحٌ ، لَهُ شَاهِدٌ فِي الصَّحِيحِ مِنْ حَدِيثِ الْبَرَاءِ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ .
4260 \ 2 - وَبِهَذَا الْإِسْنَادِ إِلَى الزُّبَيْرِ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ : وَاللهِ إِنَّ النُّعَاسَ لَيَغْشَانِي إِذْ سَمِعْتُ ابْنَ قُشَيْرٍ يَقُولُهَا ، وَمَا أَسْمَعُهَا مِنْهُ إِلَّا كَالْحُلْمِ ، ثُمَّ قَرَأَ : إِنَّ الَّذِينَ تَوَلَّوْا مِنْكُمْ يَوْمَ الْتَقَى الْجَمْعَانِ إِنَّمَا اسْتَزَلَّهُمُ الشَّيْطَانُ بِبَعْضِ مَا كَسَبُوا وَلَقَدْ عَفَا اللهُ عَنْهُمْ إِنَّ اللهَ غَفُورٌ حَلِيمٌ .
قَالَ : وَالَّذِينَ تَوَلَّوْا عِنْدَ جَوْلَةِ النَّاسِ عُثْمَانُ بْنُ عَفَّانَ ، وَسَعِيدُ بْنُ عُثْمَانَ الزُّرَقِيُّ ، وَأَخُوهُ عُقْبَةُ بْنُ عُثْمَانَ ، حَتَّى بَلَغُوا جَبَلًا بِنَاحِيَةِ الْمَدِينَةِ يُقَالُ لَهُ : الْحَاجِبُ بِبَطْنِ الْأَعْوَصِ ، فَأَقَامُوا بِهِ ثَلَاثًا ، فَزَعَمُوا أَنَّهُمْ لَمَّا رَجَعُوا إِلَى رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، قَالَ : لَقَدْ ذَهَبْتُمْ فِيهَا عَرِيضَةً .
ثُمَّ قَالَ : يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا لا تَكُونُوا كَالَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا يَعْنِي : الْمُنَافِقِينَ ، وَقَالُوا لإِخْوَانِهِمْ إِذَا ضَرَبُوا فِي الأَرْضِ أَوْ كَانُوا غُزًّى لَوْ كَانُوا عِنْدَنَا مَا مَاتُوا وَمَا قُتِلُوا لِيَجْعَلَ اللهُ ذَلِكَ حَسْرَةً فِي قُلُوبِهِمْ الْآيَةَ ، قَالَ : ابْتِغَاءً وَتَحَسُّرًا ، وَذَلِكَ لَا يُغْنِي عَنْهُمْ شَيْئًا .
ثُمَّ كَانَتِ الْقِصَّةُ فِيمَا يَأْمُرُ بِهِ نَبِيَّهُ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَيَعْهَدُ إِلَيْهِ ، حَتَّى انْتَهَى إِلَى قَوْلِهِ : أَوَلَمَّا أَصَابَتْكُمْ مُصِيبَةٌ قَدْ أَصَبْتُمْ مِثْلَيْهَا يَعْنِي : يَوْمَ بَدْرٍ ، فِيمَنْ قُتِلُوا وَأُسِرُوا ، قُلْتُمْ أَنَّى هَذَا قُلْ هُوَ مِنْ عِنْدِ أَنْفُسِكُمْ الَّتِي كَانَتْ مِنَ الرُّمَاةِ ، قَالَ : فَقَالَ : وَمَا أَصَابَكُمْ يَوْمَ الْتَقَى الْجَمْعَانِ فَبِإِذْنِ اللهِ وَلِيَعْلَمَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ يَقُولُ : عَلَانِيَةَ أَمْرِهِمْ وَيَظْهَرَ أَمْرُهُمْ ، وَلِيَعْلَمَ الَّذِينَ نَافَقُوا فَيَكُونُ أَمْرُهُمْ عَلَانِيَةً ، وَيَعْنِي عَبْدَ اللهِ بْنَ أُبَيٍّ وَمَنْ مَعَهُ مِمَّنْ رَجَعَ عَنْ رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ حِينَ سَارَ إِلَى عَدُوِّهِ ، وَقِيلَ لَهُمْ تَعَالَوْا قَاتِلُوا فِي سَبِيلِ اللهِ أَوِ ادْفَعُوا قَالُوا لَوْ نَعْلَمُ قِتَالا لاتَّبَعْنَاكُمْ وَذَلِكَ لِقَوْلِهِمْ حِينَ قَالَ لَهُمْ أَصْحَابُ رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَهُمْ سَائِرُونَ إِلَى أُحُدٍ حِينَ انْصَرَفُوا عَنْهُمْ : أَتَخْذُلُونَنَا وَتُسْلِمُونَنَا لِعَدُوِّنَا ، فَقَالُوا : مَا نَرَى أَنْ يَكُونَ قِتَالًا ، لَوْ نَرَى أَنْ يَكُونَ قِتَالًا لَاتَّبَعْنَاكُمْ ، يَقُولُ اللهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ : هُمْ لِلْكُفْرِ يَوْمَئِذٍ أَقْرَبُ مِنْهُمْ لِلإِيمَانِ يَقُولُونَ بِأَفْوَاهِهِمْ مَا لَيْسَ فِي قُلُوبِهِمْ وَاللهُ أَعْلَمُ بِمَا يَكْتُمُونَ الَّذِينَ قَالُوا لإِخْوَانِهِمْ مِنْ ذَوِي أَرْحَامِهِمْ ، وَلَمْ يَعْنِ تَعَالَى إِخْوَانَهُمْ فِي الدِّينِ لَوْ أَطَاعُونَا مَا قُتِلُوا ، قَالَ اللهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ : قُلْ فَادْرَؤُوا عَنْ أَنْفُسِكُمُ الْمَوْتَ إِنْ كُنْتُمْ صَادِقِينَ .
قَالَ إِسْحَاقُ : هَكَذَا حَدَّثَنَا بِهِ وَهْبٌ ، وَأَظُنُّ بَعْضَ التَّفْسِيرِ مِنِ ابْنِ إِسْحَاقَ ، يَعْنِي قَوْلَهُ كَذَا يَعْنِي كَذَا .
قُلْتُ : بَلِ انْتَهَى حَدِيثُ الزُّبَيْرِ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ إِلَى قَوْلِهِ تَبَارَكَ وَتَعَالَى : غَفُورٌ حَلِيمٌ ، وَمِنْ قَوْلِهِ : قَالَ : وَالَّذِينَ تَوَلَّوْا إِلَى آخِرِ الْحَدِيثِ مِنْ حَدِيثِ ابْنِ إِسْحَاقَ بِغَيْرِ إِسْنَادٍ .
4260 \ 3 - أَخْبَرَنَا يَحْيَى بْنُ آدَمَ ، حَدَّثَنَا ابْنُ أَبِي زَائِدَةَ ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ إِسْحَاقَ ، عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ عَبَّادٍ ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ الزُّبَيْرِ ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ ، قَالَ : لَقَدْ رَأَيْتُنِي مَعَ رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَوْمَ أُحُدٍ حِينَ اشْتَدَّ عَلَيْنَا الْخَوْفُ وَأُرْسِلَ عَلَيْنَا النَّوْمُ ، فَمَا مِنَّا أَحَدٌ إِلَّا وَذَقَنُهُ - أَوْ قَالَ : ذَقَنُهُ - فِي صَدْرِهِ ، فَوَاللهِ ، إِنِّي لَأَسْمَعُ كَالْحُلْمِ قَوْلَ مُعَتِّبِ بْنِ قُشَيْرٍ لَوْ كَانَ لَنَا مِنَ الْأَمْرِ شَيْءٌ مَا قُتِلْنَا هَاهُنَا ، فَحَفِظْتُهَا ، فَأَنْزَلَ اللهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ فِي ذَلِكَ : ثُمَّ أَنْـزَلَ عَلَيْكُمْ مِنْ بَعْدِ الْغَمِّ أَمَنَةً نُعَاسًا إِلَى قَوْلِهِ : مَا قُتِلْنَا هَا هُنَا لِقَوْلِ مُعَتِّبِ بْنِ قُشَيْرٍ ، قَالَ : لَوْ كُنْتُمْ فِي بُيُوتِكُمْ حَتَّى بَلَغَ : وَاللهُ عَلِيمٌ بِذَاتِ الصُّدُورِ .
4260 \ 4 - أَخْبَرَنَا وَهْبٌ ، حَدَّثَنَا أَبِي ، قَالَ : سَمِعْتُ مُحَمَّدَ بْنَ إِسْحَاقَ يَقُولُ : حَدَّثَنِي يَحْيَى بْنُ عَبَّادٍ ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ الزُّبَيْرِ ، عَنِ الزُّبَيْرِ بْنِ الْعَوَّامِ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ ، قَالَ : خَرَجْنَا مَعَ رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ مُصْعِدِينَ فِي أُحُدٍ ... فَذَكَرَ الْحَدِيثَ .
قَالَ : ثُمَّ أَمَرَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ عَلِيَّ بْنَ أَبِي طَالِبٍ يَأْتِي الْمِهْرَاسَ ، فَأَتَاهُ بِمَاءٍ فِي دَرَقَتِهِ ، فَأَتَى بِهِ رَسُولَ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، فَأَرَادَ أَنْ يَشْرَبَ مِنْهُ ، فَوَجَدَ لَهُ رِيحًا فَعَافَهُ ، فَغَسَلَ بِهِ وَجْهَهُ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ مِنَ الدِّمَاءِ الَّتِي أَصَابَتْهُ ، وَهُوَ يَقُولُ : اشْتَدَّ غَضَبُ اللهِ عَلَى مَنْ أَدْمَى وَجْهَ رَسُولِ اللهِ ، وَكَانَ الَّذِي أَدْمَاهُ يَوْمَئِذٍ عُتْبَةُ بْنُ أَبِي وَقَّاصٍ .
It is narrated from Sayyiduna al-Zubayr bin al-Awwam (may Allah be pleased with him) that he said: "By Allah, on that day (at Uhud) I was looking at the polytheist women, gathering up their shirts and running, with their anklets (and shins) showing, when their people were defeated. I saw nothing to prevent me from seizing them, and we considered the disbelievers as good as slain, thinking that none of them would come back towards us. Meanwhile the standard-bearers of the disbelievers had also been struck down, and they held firm by their standard until it passed to an Abyssinian slave of theirs named Suwab. Then Suwab too was killed and he dropped the standard, and none of Allah's creation would come near that standard, until Amrah bint Alqamah al-Harithiyyah leapt towards it and raised the standard for them, whereupon the people of the disbelievers gathered around it again." Al-Zubayr (may Allah be pleased with him) said: "By Allah, we were in that state, having overcome them and gained victory, when the archers disobeyed the order of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) and rushed towards the camp when they saw that the enemy's army had scattered and that we had driven them away from it. They became greedy for the spoils, cast aside the covenant of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) and began gathering up the goods. Then the enemy's horsemen attacked us from behind and shattered us, and the people turned back in defeat. Then a caller, whom the people believed to be Satan, cried out: 'Beware! Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him) has been killed.' At this, severe panic overcame the people, and in their confusion they began climbing over one another. Then they were divided into three parts: a third wounded, a third slain and a third routed. Thus the battle reached its peak. And the archers had disagreed among themselves: one group, when they saw the people gathering the spoils, said: 'Allah Almighty has defeated the polytheists and the Muslims have taken possession of the spoils; what are you waiting for now?' while the other group said: 'The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) had already instructed you and ordered you not to leave your place, whether it is victory or defeat.' So they quarrelled about it. Then the first group of archers insisted on joining the army, so they dispersed and left their place, and at that very moment the polytheists' horsemen launched a full attack."
This chain is sahih (authentic), and it has a supporting report (shahid) in Sahih al-Bukhari from the hadith of Sayyiduna al-Bara' bin Azib (may Allah be pleased with him).
With the same chain it is narrated from Sayyiduna al-Zubayr (may Allah be pleased with him) that he said: "By Allah, drowsiness was overcoming me so much that when I heard Ibn Qushayr saying this, I was hearing it as if in a dream." Then he recited this verse: "Indeed, those of you who turned back on the day the two armies met, it was only Satan who caused them to slip because of some of what they had earned; and Allah has certainly pardoned them. Indeed, Allah is Forgiving and Forbearing" [Surah Al Imran: 155]. The narrator said: Among those who fled that day were Uthman bin Affan, Sa'id bin Uthman al-Zuraqi and his brother Uqbah bin Uthman, until they reached a mountain on one side of Madinah called al-Hajib, which lies in Batn al-A'was, and they stayed there for three days. People claim that when they returned to the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), he (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "You went off far indeed in your flight." Then Allah said: "O you who believe, do not be like those who disbelieved", that is, the hypocrites, "and said of their brothers when they travelled through the land or went out to fight: 'If they had been with us, they would not have died or been killed', so that Allah may make that a cause of regret in their hearts" [Surah Al Imran: 156]. The narrator said: They said this out of seeking the world and out of regret, and it cannot benefit them at all. Then the account reached the commands that Allah Almighty was giving to His Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), until it ended at these words: "Why, when a disaster struck you, although you had struck (the enemy) with twice as much", that is, on the day of Badr, in terms of those who were killed and taken captive (you had inflicted twice as much loss on the disbelievers), "you said: 'From where is this?' Say: 'It is from yourselves'" [Surah Al Imran: 165], that is, it happened because of those archers of yours who disobeyed the command. Then He said: "And what struck you on the day the two armies met was by the permission of Allah, so that He might make evident the believers" [Surah Al Imran: 166], that is, so that their matter of faith might become manifest, "and that He might make evident those who were hypocrites" [Surah Al Imran: 167], so that the hypocrisy of the hypocrites might also come out into the open; and this refers to Abdullah bin Ubayy and those companions of his who turned back from the way while advancing towards the enemy with the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him). "And it was said to them: 'Come, fight in the way of Allah, or (at least) defend.' They said: 'If we had known there would be fighting, we would have followed you'" [Surah Al Imran: 167]. This refers to what they said when the Companions of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), on the way to Uhud, said to them as they turned back: "Are you going to abandon us helpless before the enemy?" They replied: "We do not think there will be any fighting; had we been sure there would be fighting, we would certainly have gone with you." Allah, the Mighty and Majestic, says: "They were nearer to disbelief that day than to faith, saying with their mouths what was not in their hearts; and Allah knows best what they conceal" [Surah Al Imran: 167]. These were the people who said about their relatives (and their brothers in religion are not meant here): "If they had obeyed us, they would not have been killed", and Allah, the Mighty and Majestic, said: "Say: 'Then avert death from yourselves, if you are truthful'" [Surah Al Imran: 168].
Ishaq said: Wahb narrated it to us like this, and I think some of the explanatory phrases are from Ibn Ishaq, i.e. that 'this means such-and-such'. I (Ibn Hajar) say: The hadith of Sayyiduna al-Zubayr (may Allah be pleased with him) actually ended at Allah's words "Forgiving and Forbearing", and what comes after, from "The narrator said: Among those who fled" to the end, is Ibn Ishaq's narration without a chain.
It is narrated from Sayyiduna al-Zubayr (may Allah be pleased with him) that he said: "I saw myself with the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) on the day of Uhud, when intense fear had come over us and drowsiness was sent upon us; there was none of us whose chin was not drooping on his chest. By Allah, I was hearing, as if in a dream, these words of Mu'attib bin Qushayr: 'If we had had any part in this matter (decision), we would not have been killed here.' I memorised these words, and Allah, the Mighty and Majestic, revealed concerning this: 'Then after the distress He sent down upon you security, a drowsiness', until He said, in reply to the words of Mu'attib bin Qushayr: 'we would not have been killed here', then He said: 'Even if you had been in your houses', up to 'and Allah knows well what is in the breasts' [Surah Al Imran: 154]."
It is narrated from Sayyiduna al-Zubayr bin al-Awwam (may Allah be pleased with him): We went out with the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), climbing up Uhud. Then he mentioned the complete hadith. The narrator said: Then the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) ordered Ali bin Abi Talib (may Allah be pleased with him) to bring water from al-Mihras (a hollow in the rock), so he filled his shield with water, brought it and presented it to the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him). He (peace and blessings be upon him) wanted to drink from it but noticed a smell in it, so he disliked drinking it. Then he (peace and blessings be upon him) washed from his blessed face, with that water, the blood that had flowed from his wound, and he (peace and blessings be upon him) was saying: 'Ishtadda ghadabu-llahi 'ala man adma wajha Rasulillah' (The wrath of Allah has become severe upon the one who bloodied the face of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him)). And the one who wounded him (peace and blessings be upon him) that day was Utbah bin Abi Waqqas.
This chain is sahih (authentic), and it has a supporting report (shahid) in Sahih al-Bukhari from the hadith of Sayyiduna al-Bara' bin Azib (may Allah be pleased with him).
With the same chain it is narrated from Sayyiduna al-Zubayr (may Allah be pleased with him) that he said: "By Allah, drowsiness was overcoming me so much that when I heard Ibn Qushayr saying this, I was hearing it as if in a dream." Then he recited this verse: "Indeed, those of you who turned back on the day the two armies met, it was only Satan who caused them to slip because of some of what they had earned; and Allah has certainly pardoned them. Indeed, Allah is Forgiving and Forbearing" [Surah Al Imran: 155]. The narrator said: Among those who fled that day were Uthman bin Affan, Sa'id bin Uthman al-Zuraqi and his brother Uqbah bin Uthman, until they reached a mountain on one side of Madinah called al-Hajib, which lies in Batn al-A'was, and they stayed there for three days. People claim that when they returned to the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), he (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "You went off far indeed in your flight." Then Allah said: "O you who believe, do not be like those who disbelieved", that is, the hypocrites, "and said of their brothers when they travelled through the land or went out to fight: 'If they had been with us, they would not have died or been killed', so that Allah may make that a cause of regret in their hearts" [Surah Al Imran: 156]. The narrator said: They said this out of seeking the world and out of regret, and it cannot benefit them at all. Then the account reached the commands that Allah Almighty was giving to His Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), until it ended at these words: "Why, when a disaster struck you, although you had struck (the enemy) with twice as much", that is, on the day of Badr, in terms of those who were killed and taken captive (you had inflicted twice as much loss on the disbelievers), "you said: 'From where is this?' Say: 'It is from yourselves'" [Surah Al Imran: 165], that is, it happened because of those archers of yours who disobeyed the command. Then He said: "And what struck you on the day the two armies met was by the permission of Allah, so that He might make evident the believers" [Surah Al Imran: 166], that is, so that their matter of faith might become manifest, "and that He might make evident those who were hypocrites" [Surah Al Imran: 167], so that the hypocrisy of the hypocrites might also come out into the open; and this refers to Abdullah bin Ubayy and those companions of his who turned back from the way while advancing towards the enemy with the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him). "And it was said to them: 'Come, fight in the way of Allah, or (at least) defend.' They said: 'If we had known there would be fighting, we would have followed you'" [Surah Al Imran: 167]. This refers to what they said when the Companions of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), on the way to Uhud, said to them as they turned back: "Are you going to abandon us helpless before the enemy?" They replied: "We do not think there will be any fighting; had we been sure there would be fighting, we would certainly have gone with you." Allah, the Mighty and Majestic, says: "They were nearer to disbelief that day than to faith, saying with their mouths what was not in their hearts; and Allah knows best what they conceal" [Surah Al Imran: 167]. These were the people who said about their relatives (and their brothers in religion are not meant here): "If they had obeyed us, they would not have been killed", and Allah, the Mighty and Majestic, said: "Say: 'Then avert death from yourselves, if you are truthful'" [Surah Al Imran: 168].
Ishaq said: Wahb narrated it to us like this, and I think some of the explanatory phrases are from Ibn Ishaq, i.e. that 'this means such-and-such'. I (Ibn Hajar) say: The hadith of Sayyiduna al-Zubayr (may Allah be pleased with him) actually ended at Allah's words "Forgiving and Forbearing", and what comes after, from "The narrator said: Among those who fled" to the end, is Ibn Ishaq's narration without a chain.
It is narrated from Sayyiduna al-Zubayr (may Allah be pleased with him) that he said: "I saw myself with the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) on the day of Uhud, when intense fear had come over us and drowsiness was sent upon us; there was none of us whose chin was not drooping on his chest. By Allah, I was hearing, as if in a dream, these words of Mu'attib bin Qushayr: 'If we had had any part in this matter (decision), we would not have been killed here.' I memorised these words, and Allah, the Mighty and Majestic, revealed concerning this: 'Then after the distress He sent down upon you security, a drowsiness', until He said, in reply to the words of Mu'attib bin Qushayr: 'we would not have been killed here', then He said: 'Even if you had been in your houses', up to 'and Allah knows well what is in the breasts' [Surah Al Imran: 154]."
It is narrated from Sayyiduna al-Zubayr bin al-Awwam (may Allah be pleased with him): We went out with the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), climbing up Uhud. Then he mentioned the complete hadith. The narrator said: Then the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) ordered Ali bin Abi Talib (may Allah be pleased with him) to bring water from al-Mihras (a hollow in the rock), so he filled his shield with water, brought it and presented it to the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him). He (peace and blessings be upon him) wanted to drink from it but noticed a smell in it, so he disliked drinking it. Then he (peace and blessings be upon him) washed from his blessed face, with that water, the blood that had flowed from his wound, and he (peace and blessings be upon him) was saying: 'Ishtadda ghadabu-llahi 'ala man adma wajha Rasulillah' (The wrath of Allah has become severe upon the one who bloodied the face of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him)). And the one who wounded him (peace and blessings be upon him) that day was Utbah bin Abi Waqqas.
أَخْبَرَنَا حَمْزَةُ بْنُ الْحَارِثِ ، يَعْنِي : ابْنَ عُمَيْرٍ ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ ، عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ يَحْيَى الْمَازِنِيِّ ، قَالَ : لَمَّا كَانَ يَوْمُ أُحُدٍ فَخُمِشَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، وَكُسِرَتْ ثَنِيَّتُهُ ، فَجَاءَهُ عَلِيٌّ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ فَأَكَبَّ عَلَيْهِ ، فَجَعَلَ يَبْكِي ، فَقَالَ لَهُ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : ائْتِنِي بِمَاءٍ فَأَتَاهُ بِمَاءٍ فِي جَحْفَةٍ مِنَ الْمِهْرَاسِ ، فَلَمَّا أَدْنَاهُ مِنْهُ عَافَهُ ، فَجَعَلَ يَغْسِلُ عَنْهُ الدَّمَ وَيَقُولُ : اشْتَدَّ غَضَبُ اللهِ عَلَى قَوْمٍ كَلَمُوا وَجْهَ نَبِيِّهِ ثُمَّ قَالَ : انْظُرُوا مَا صَنَعَ سَعْدُ بْنُ الرَّبِيعِ ، فَإِنِّي رَأَيْتُ اثْنَيْ عَشَرَ رُمْحًا شَرْعَى فِيهِ ، فَأَتَاهُ رَسُولُ رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَقَالَ : بَعَثَنِي رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ لِأَنْظُرَ مَا صَنَعْتَ ، فَقَالَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ : اقْرَأْ عَلَى رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ مِنِّي السَّلَامَ وَأَخْبِرْهُ بِأَنِّي بِآخِرِ رَمَقٍ ، وَاقْرَأْ عَلَى قَوْمِكَ السَّلَامَ وَقُلْ لَهُمْ : إِنْ هَلَكَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَمِنْكُمْ شُفْرٌ تَطْرِفُ ، فَإِنَّهُ لَا عُذْرَ لَكُمْ عِنْدَ اللهِ تَعَالَى .
ثُمَّ قَالَ : مَنْ يَأْخُذُ هَذَا السَّيْفَ بِحَقِّهِ ؟ قَالَ : فَهَذَا الْحَدِيثُ يُحَدِّثُهُ الزُّبَيْرُ عَنْ نَفْسِهِ ، قَالَ : قُلْتُ : يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ ، أَنَا ، فَأَعْرَضَ عَنِّي مَرَّةً ، فَقُلْتُ : مَا أَعْرَضَ عَنِّي إِلَّا مِنْ شَرٍّ هُوَ فِيَّ ، ثُمَّ قَالَ : مَنْ يَأْخُذُ هَذَا السَّيْفَ بِحَقِّهِ ؟ فَقُلْتُ : أَنَا ، فَأَعْرَضَ عَنِّي مَرَّتَيْنِ أَوْ ثَلَاثًا ، فَقَالَ أَبُو دُجَانَةَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ : أَنَا آخُذُهُ ، فَأَضْرِبُ بِهِ حَتَّى يَنْثَنِيَ ، أَوْ كَلِمَةً نَحْوَهَا ، فَأَعْطَاهُ السَّيْفَ ، قَالَ الزُّبَيْرُ : فَاتَّبَعْتُهُ لِأَنْظُرَ مَا يَصْنَعُ ؟ فَجَعَلَ لَا يَأْتِي رَجُلًا مِنَ الْمُشْرِكِينَ إِلَّا قَتَلَهُ ، فَأَتَى رَجُلًا كَانَ عَاطِبًا فِي الْقِتَالِ فَقَتَلَهُ ، وَأَتَى عَلَى امْرَأَةٍ وَهِيَ تَقُولُ :
إِنْ تُقْبِلُوا نُعَانِقْ وَنَفْرِشُ النَّمَارِقْ أَوْ تُدْبِرُوا نُفَارِقْ
فِرَاقَ غَيْرِ وَامِقْ فَشَهَرَ عَلَيْهَا السَّيْفَ ، ثُمَّ كَفَّ يَدَهُ عَنْهَا ، فَقُلْتُ : يَا أَبَا دُجَانَةَ ، فَعَلْتَ كَذَا وَكَذَا ، حَتَّى أَتَيْتَ الْمَرْأَةَ فَشَهَرْتَ عَلَيْهَا السَّيْفَ ثُمَّ كَفَفْتَ يَدَكَ عَنْهَا ؟ قَالَ : أَكْرَمْتُ سَيْفَ رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ عَنْهَا .
ثُمَّ قَالَ : مَنْ يَأْخُذُ هَذَا السَّيْفَ بِحَقِّهِ ؟ قَالَ : فَهَذَا الْحَدِيثُ يُحَدِّثُهُ الزُّبَيْرُ عَنْ نَفْسِهِ ، قَالَ : قُلْتُ : يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ ، أَنَا ، فَأَعْرَضَ عَنِّي مَرَّةً ، فَقُلْتُ : مَا أَعْرَضَ عَنِّي إِلَّا مِنْ شَرٍّ هُوَ فِيَّ ، ثُمَّ قَالَ : مَنْ يَأْخُذُ هَذَا السَّيْفَ بِحَقِّهِ ؟ فَقُلْتُ : أَنَا ، فَأَعْرَضَ عَنِّي مَرَّتَيْنِ أَوْ ثَلَاثًا ، فَقَالَ أَبُو دُجَانَةَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ : أَنَا آخُذُهُ ، فَأَضْرِبُ بِهِ حَتَّى يَنْثَنِيَ ، أَوْ كَلِمَةً نَحْوَهَا ، فَأَعْطَاهُ السَّيْفَ ، قَالَ الزُّبَيْرُ : فَاتَّبَعْتُهُ لِأَنْظُرَ مَا يَصْنَعُ ؟ فَجَعَلَ لَا يَأْتِي رَجُلًا مِنَ الْمُشْرِكِينَ إِلَّا قَتَلَهُ ، فَأَتَى رَجُلًا كَانَ عَاطِبًا فِي الْقِتَالِ فَقَتَلَهُ ، وَأَتَى عَلَى امْرَأَةٍ وَهِيَ تَقُولُ :
إِنْ تُقْبِلُوا نُعَانِقْ وَنَفْرِشُ النَّمَارِقْ أَوْ تُدْبِرُوا نُفَارِقْ
فِرَاقَ غَيْرِ وَامِقْ فَشَهَرَ عَلَيْهَا السَّيْفَ ، ثُمَّ كَفَّ يَدَهُ عَنْهَا ، فَقُلْتُ : يَا أَبَا دُجَانَةَ ، فَعَلْتَ كَذَا وَكَذَا ، حَتَّى أَتَيْتَ الْمَرْأَةَ فَشَهَرْتَ عَلَيْهَا السَّيْفَ ثُمَّ كَفَفْتَ يَدَكَ عَنْهَا ؟ قَالَ : أَكْرَمْتُ سَيْفَ رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ عَنْهَا .
It is narrated from Amr bin Yahya al-Mazini that on the day of the Battle of Uhud, the blessed face of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) was wounded and his (peace and blessings be upon him) front tooth was also broken. Sayyiduna Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) came to him (peace and blessings be upon him), bent over him (peace and blessings be upon him) and began to weep (out of utmost love and grief). The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said to him: "Bring me water." So he brought water filled in a shield from al-Mihras (a rock or hollow on the mountain where water collects), but when he brought the water near him (peace and blessings be upon him), he (peace and blessings be upon him) disliked using it (because of its smell or condition). Then he (peace and blessings be upon him) began washing the blood from his face with that water, saying: 'Ishtadda ghadabu-llahi 'ala qawmin kalamu wajha nabiyyihi' (The wrath of Allah Almighty has become most severe upon a people who wounded the blessed face of His Prophet). Then he (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Look into the condition of Sa'd bin al-Rabi', what has happened to him, for I saw twelve spears pointed at him (or piercing his body)." The messenger of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) reached him and said: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) has sent me to see how you are. He said (while overwhelmed with wounds): Convey my salam to the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) and tell him that I am at my last breath; and also convey my salam to your people and tell them: "If the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) is killed while a single eye among you still blinks (that is, while even one of you remains alive), you will have no excuse (for saving your own lives) before Allah Almighty."
Then the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) (raising a sword) said: 'Man ya'khudhu hadha al-sayfa bi-haqqihi?' (Who will take this sword with its due right?) The narrator says that Sayyiduna al-Zubayr (may Allah be pleased with him), relating this incident about himself, says: I said: O Messenger of Allah, I will take it; but he (peace and blessings be upon him) turned away from me. I said (to myself): He (peace and blessings be upon him) has turned away from me only because of some fault in me. He (peace and blessings be upon him) asked the same question again, and I again said that I would take it, but he (peace and blessings be upon him) turned away from me two or three times. Then Sayyiduna Abu Dujanah (may Allah be pleased with him) said: I will take it, and its right is that I strike (the enemy) with it (such blows) that it bends, or he said words to that effect; so he (peace and blessings be upon him) gave him the sword. Sayyiduna al-Zubayr (may Allah be pleased with him) says: I followed him to see how he would fulfil the right of that sword. Every polytheist he came upon, he killed, until he reached a man who was proving very deadly in the battle, and he struck him down too. Then he reached a woman (Hind bint Utbah) who was reciting these verses: 'In tuqbilu nu'aniq, wa nafrishu al-namariq, aw tudbiru nufariq, firaqa ghayri wamiq' (If you advance (on the field), we will embrace you and spread out cushions; and if you turn your backs, we will part from you, a parting without any affection or love). He drew his sword over that woman but then held back his hand. I said (later): O Abu Dujanah, you did such-and-such, until when you reached that woman, why did you hold back your hand after drawing the sword? He replied: "I honoured the sword of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) too much to wield it against a woman (so weak a being)."
Then the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) (raising a sword) said: 'Man ya'khudhu hadha al-sayfa bi-haqqihi?' (Who will take this sword with its due right?) The narrator says that Sayyiduna al-Zubayr (may Allah be pleased with him), relating this incident about himself, says: I said: O Messenger of Allah, I will take it; but he (peace and blessings be upon him) turned away from me. I said (to myself): He (peace and blessings be upon him) has turned away from me only because of some fault in me. He (peace and blessings be upon him) asked the same question again, and I again said that I would take it, but he (peace and blessings be upon him) turned away from me two or three times. Then Sayyiduna Abu Dujanah (may Allah be pleased with him) said: I will take it, and its right is that I strike (the enemy) with it (such blows) that it bends, or he said words to that effect; so he (peace and blessings be upon him) gave him the sword. Sayyiduna al-Zubayr (may Allah be pleased with him) says: I followed him to see how he would fulfil the right of that sword. Every polytheist he came upon, he killed, until he reached a man who was proving very deadly in the battle, and he struck him down too. Then he reached a woman (Hind bint Utbah) who was reciting these verses: 'In tuqbilu nu'aniq, wa nafrishu al-namariq, aw tudbiru nufariq, firaqa ghayri wamiq' (If you advance (on the field), we will embrace you and spread out cushions; and if you turn your backs, we will part from you, a parting without any affection or love). He drew his sword over that woman but then held back his hand. I said (later): O Abu Dujanah, you did such-and-such, until when you reached that woman, why did you hold back your hand after drawing the sword? He replied: "I honoured the sword of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) too much to wield it against a woman (so weak a being)."
أَخْبَرَنَا عَبْدُ الرَّزَّاقِ ، حَدَّثَنَا مَعْمَرٌ ، عَنِ الزُّهْرِيِّ ، قَالَ : إِنَّ الشَّيْطَانَ صَاحَ يَوْمَ أُحُدٍ : إِنَّ مُحَمَّدًا قَدْ قُتِلَ ، قَالَ كَعْبُ بْنُ مَالِكٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ : وَأَنَا أَوَّلُ مَنْ عَرَفَ رَسُولَ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، رَأَيْتُ عَيْنَيْهِ مِنْ تَحْتِ الْمِغْفَرِ ، فَنَادَيْتُ بِأَعْلَى صَوْتِي : هَذَا رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، فَأَشَارَ إِلَيَّ : أَنِ اسْكُتْ ، فَأَنْزَلَ اللهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ : وَمَا مُحَمَّدٌ إِلا رَسُولٌ قَدْ خَلَتْ مِنْ قَبْلِهِ الرُّسُلُ أَفَإِنْ مَاتَ أَوْ قُتِلَ انْقَلَبْتُمْ عَلَى أَعْقَابِكُمْ الْآيَةَ .
رِجَالُهُ ثِقَاتٌ ، وَلَكِنَّهُ مُرْسَلٌ أَوْ مُعْضَلٌ .
رِجَالُهُ ثِقَاتٌ ، وَلَكِنَّهُ مُرْسَلٌ أَوْ مُعْضَلٌ .
It is narrated from Imam al-Zuhri (may Allah have mercy on him) that he said: Satan cried out loudly on the day of the Battle of Uhud: "Indeed, Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him) has been killed." Sayyiduna Ka'b bin Malik (may Allah be pleased with him) relates: (At that critical moment) I was the first person to recognise the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him); I saw his (peace and blessings be upon him) blessed eyes from beneath the helmet, and I called out at the top of my voice: "O people! Here is the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) (that is, he is alive and safe)." He (peace and blessings be upon him) signalled to me: "Be quiet." Then Allah, the Mighty and Majestic, revealed this blessed verse: "And Muhammad is only a messenger; messengers have passed away before him. So if he dies or is killed, will you turn back on your heels (to disbelief)?" [Surah Al Imran: 144].
Its narrators are thiqat (trustworthy), but this narration is mursal or mu'dal.
Its narrators are thiqat (trustworthy), but this narration is mursal or mu'dal.
أَخْبَرَنَا الْفَضْلُ بْنُ مُوسَى ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَمْرِو بْنِ عَلْقَمَةَ ، عَنْ سَعْدِ بْنِ الْمُنْذِرِ ، عَنْ أَبِي حُمَيْدٍ السَّاعِدِيِّ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ ، قَالَ : خَرَجَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَوْمَ أُحُدٍ ، حَتَّى إِذَا خَلَّفَ ثَنِيَّةَ الْوَدَاعِ نَظَرَ وَرَاءَهُ ، فَإِذَا كَتِيبَةٌ خَشْنَاءُ ، قَالَ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : مَنْ هَذَا ؟ قَالَ : هَذَا عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ أُبَيِّ ابْنِ سَلُولَ فِي مَوَالِيهِ مِنَ الْيَهُودِ مِنْ بَنِي قَيْنُقَاعَ ، وَهُمْ رَهْطُ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ سَلَامٍ ، فَقَالَ : أَوَقَدْ أَسْلَمُوا ؟ قَالَ : إِنَّهُمْ عَلَى دِينِهِمْ ، قَالَ : قُلْ لَهُمْ : فَلْيَرْجِعُوا ، فَإِنَّا لَا نَسْتَعِينُ بِالْمُشْرِكِينَ عَلَى الْمُشْرِكِينَ .
هَذَا إِسْنَادٌ حَسَنٌ .
هَذَا إِسْنَادٌ حَسَنٌ .
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Abu Humayd al-Sa'idi (may Allah be pleased with him) that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) set out (from Madinah) on the day of the Battle of Uhud, until, when he (peace and blessings be upon him) had gone beyond the place called Thaniyyat al-Wada', he (peace and blessings be upon him) looked back and saw a formidable, heavily armed military unit there. He (peace and blessings be upon him) asked: "Who are these people?" It was said: "This is Abdullah bin Ubayy bin Salul with his Jewish allies of Banu Qaynuqa', and these are the people of Abdullah bin Salam's clan." He (peace and blessings be upon him) asked: "Have these people accepted Islam?" It was said: "No, rather they remain on their own religion." So he (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Tell them to go back, for we never seek help from polytheists against polytheists."
This chain is hasan (good).
This chain is hasan (good).
وَقَالَ الْحَارِثُ : حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عُمَرَ ، حَدَّثَنَا بُكَيْرُ بْنُ مِسْمَارٍ ، عَنْ عَامِرِ بْنِ سَعْدٍ ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ ، قَالَ : رَأَيْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَوْمَ أُحُدٍ وَعَلَيْهِ دِرْعَانِ ، وَقَالَ : لَيْتَ أَنِّي غُودِرْتُ مَعَ أَصْحَابِي بِنُحْصِ الْجَبَلِ يَعْنِي : شُهَدَاءَ أُحُدٍ .
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Sa'd bin Abi Waqqas (may Allah be pleased with him) that he said: "I saw the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) on the day of the Battle of Uhud wearing two coats of armour, and he (peace and blessings be upon him) said: 'Would that I had been left with my companions at the foot of the mountain (that is, that I too had been martyred)'; he (peace and blessings be upon him) meant the martyrs of Uhud."
Imam al-Harith bin Abi Usamah narrated it in his Musnad; its chain contains Muhammad bin Umar al-Waqidi, who is da'if (weak) according to the majority of hadith scholars; however, the mention of wearing two coats of armour on the day of Uhud is also found in other authentic narrations.
Imam al-Harith bin Abi Usamah narrated it in his Musnad; its chain contains Muhammad bin Umar al-Waqidi, who is da'if (weak) according to the majority of hadith scholars; however, the mention of wearing two coats of armour on the day of Uhud is also found in other authentic narrations.
وَقَالَ أَبُو يَعْلَى : حَدَّثَنَا سُوَيْدُ بْنُ سَعِيدٍ ، حَدَّثَنَا سُفْيَانُ بْنُ عُيَيْنَةَ ، عَنْ يَزِيدَ بْنِ خُصَيْفَةَ ، عَنِ السَّائِبِ بْنِ يَزِيدَ ، عَنْ رَجُلٍ مِنْ بَنِي تَمِيمٍ يُقَالُ لَهُ : مُعَاذٌ ، قَالَ : إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ظَاهَرَ يَوْمَ أُحُدٍ بَيْنَ دِرْعَيْنِ .
4265 \ 2 - وَحَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الْأَعْلَى بْنُ حَمَّادٍ ، حَدَّثَنَا بِشْرُ بْنُ السَّرِيِّ ، حَدَّثَنَا ابْنُ عُيَيْنَةَ ، لَكِنْ قَالَ : عَنِ السَّائِبِ بْنِ يَزِيدَ ، عَمَّنْ حَدَّثَهُ عَنْ طَلْحَةَ .
4265 \ 2 - وَحَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الْأَعْلَى بْنُ حَمَّادٍ ، حَدَّثَنَا بِشْرُ بْنُ السَّرِيِّ ، حَدَّثَنَا ابْنُ عُيَيْنَةَ ، لَكِنْ قَالَ : عَنِ السَّائِبِ بْنِ يَزِيدَ ، عَمَّنْ حَدَّثَهُ عَنْ طَلْحَةَ .
It is narrated from a man of Banu Tamim named Mu'adh (and, according to another chain, from Sayyiduna Talhah (may Allah be pleased with him)): "The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) wore double armour on the day of the Battle of Uhud (that is, he put on one coat of armour over another)."
Imam Abu Ya'la narrated it through two routes: in the first route a man of Banu Tamim named Mu'adh is mentioned, while in the second route Sufyan bin Uyaynah narrated it by way of Sayyiduna Talhah (may Allah be pleased with him).
Imam Abu Ya'la narrated it through two routes: in the first route a man of Banu Tamim named Mu'adh is mentioned, while in the second route Sufyan bin Uyaynah narrated it by way of Sayyiduna Talhah (may Allah be pleased with him).
قَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ : حَدَّثَنَا زَيْدُ بْنُ الْحُبَابِ ، حَدَّثَنِي مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ صَالِحٍ ، حَدَّثَنِي يَزِيدُ بْنُ زَيْدٍ مَوْلَى أَبِي أُسَيْدٍ السَّاعِدِيِّ ، عَنْ أَبِي أُسَيْدٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ ، قَالَ : أَنَا مَعَ رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ عَلَى قَبْرِ حَمْزَةَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ فَمُدَّتِ النَّمِرَةُ عَلَى رَأْسِهِ فَانْكَشَفَتْ رِجْلَاهُ ، فَمُدَّتْ عَلَى رِجْلَيْهِ فَانْكَشَفَ رَأْسُهُ ، فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : مُدُّوهَا عَلَى رَأْسِهِ ، وَاجْعَلُوا عَلَى رِجْلَيْهِ مِنْ شَجَرِ الْحَرْمَلِ .
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Abu Usayd al-Sa'idi (may Allah be pleased with him): I was present with the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) at the grave of Sayyiduna Hamzah (may Allah be pleased with him) (at the time of his burial). When a striped woollen sheet was placed over his body, his blessed feet were uncovered, and when it was pulled towards his feet, his blessed head was uncovered. So the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Draw this sheet towards his head, and cover his feet by placing branches of harmal (a wild plant) over them."
Imam Ibn Abi Shaybah narrated it in al-Musannaf, and its chain is of hasan (good) grade.
Imam Ibn Abi Shaybah narrated it in al-Musannaf, and its chain is of hasan (good) grade.
وَقَالَ أَبُو يَعْلَى : حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو مُوسَى ، حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ مَرْوَانَ الْعُقَيْلِيُّ ، عَنْ عُمَارَةَ بْنِ أَبِي حَفْصَةَ ، عَنْ عِكْرِمَةَ ، قَالَ : قَالَ لِي عَلِيٌّ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ : لَمَّا انْجَلَى النَّاسُ عَنْ رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَوْمَ أُحُدٍ نَظَرْتُ إِلَى الْقَتْلَى ، فَلَمْ أَرَ رَسُولَ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فِيهِمْ ، فَقُلْتُ : وَاللهِ مَا كَانَ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ لِيَفِرَّ ، وَمَا أَرَاهُ فِي الْقَتْلَى ، وَلَكِنِّي أَرَى أَنَّ اللهَ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ غَضِبَ عَلَيْنَا بِمَا صَنَعْنَا فَرَفَعَ نَبِيَّهُ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، فَمَا لِي خَيْرٌ مِنْ أَنْ أُقَاتِلَ حَتَّى أُقْتَلَ ، فَكَسَرْتُ جَفْنَ سَيْفِي ، ثُمَّ حَمَلْتُ عَلَى الْقَوْمِ فَأُخْرِجُوا لِي ، فَإِذَا أَنَا بِرَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ بَيْنَهُمْ .
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Ali (may Allah be pleased with him); Ikrimah relates that Sayyiduna Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) said to me: "When, on the day of the Battle of Uhud, the people scattered from around the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) and fell back, I searched for him among the slain but did not find the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) among them. So I said (to myself): 'By Allah, the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) would never flee the battlefield, and I do not see him (peace and blessings be upon him) among the martyrs either; rather, I think that because of what we have done (in disobeying the Prophet's command), Allah, the Mighty and Majestic, has become angry with us and has raised His Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) (to the heavens). So now there is no better course for me than to fight the enemy until I am killed.' So I broke the scabbard of my sword and launched a fierce attack on the army of the disbelievers, and they cleared the way before me, and lo, there was the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) among them (safe, though surrounded by the evildoers)."
Musnad Abi Ya'la: 4267. Allamah al-Haythami mentioned in Majma' al-Zawa'id that its narrators are thiqat (trustworthy) except Muhammad bin Marwan al-Uqayli, and he too was declared thiqah (trustworthy) by Abu Dawud and Salih bin Muhammad.
Musnad Abi Ya'la: 4267. Allamah al-Haythami mentioned in Majma' al-Zawa'id that its narrators are thiqat (trustworthy) except Muhammad bin Marwan al-Uqayli, and he too was declared thiqah (trustworthy) by Abu Dawud and Salih bin Muhammad.
وَحَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ صَالِحٍ ، حَدَّثَنَا يُونُسُ بْنُ بُكَيْرٍ ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ إِسْحَاقَ ، قَالَ : حَدَّثَنِي دَاوُدُ بْنُ الْحُصَيْنِ ، عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ عُقْبَةَ ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ عُقْبَةَ مَوْلَى جَبْرِ بْنِ عَتِيكٍ ، قَالَ : شَهِدْتُ أُحُدًا مَعَ مَوَالِيَّ ، فَضَرَبْتُ رَجُلًا مِنَ الْمُشْرِكِينَ ، فَلَمَّا قَتَلْتُهُ قُلْتُ : خُذْهَا مِنِّي وَأَنَا الرَّجُلُ الْفَارِسِيُّ ، فَبَلَغَتْ رَسُولَ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، فَقَالَ : أَلَا قُلْتَ : خُذْهَا مِنِّي وَأَنَا الرَّجُلُ الْأَنْصَارِيُّ ؟ فَإِنَّ مَوْلَى الْقَوْمِ مِنْ أَنْفُسِهِمْ .
4268 \ 2 - وَقَالَ الْحَسَنُ بْنُ سُفْيَانَ : حَدَّثَنَا شَيْبَانُ بْنُ أَبِي شَيْبَةَ ، حَدَّثَنَا يَحْيَى بْنُ الْعَلَاءِ ، عَنْ دَاوُدَ بْنِ الْحُصَيْنِ ، عَنْ عُقْبَةَ بْنِ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ : شَهِدْتُ مَعَ رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أُحُدًا فَذَكَرَهُ .
4268 \ 3 - وَقَالَ أَبُو نُعَيْمٍ : حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو عَمْرِو بْنُ حَمْدَانَ ، حَدَّثَنَا الْحَسَنُ بِهِ .
فَلَزِمَ مِنْ هَذَا أَنْ تَرْجَمَ أَبُو نُعَيْمٍ وَسَلَمَةُ بْنُ نَافِعٍ لِعَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ عُقْبَةَ فِي الصَّحَابَةِ ، وَلَا أَصْلَ لَهُ ، وَاللهُ أَعْلَمُ .
4268 \ 2 - وَقَالَ الْحَسَنُ بْنُ سُفْيَانَ : حَدَّثَنَا شَيْبَانُ بْنُ أَبِي شَيْبَةَ ، حَدَّثَنَا يَحْيَى بْنُ الْعَلَاءِ ، عَنْ دَاوُدَ بْنِ الْحُصَيْنِ ، عَنْ عُقْبَةَ بْنِ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ : شَهِدْتُ مَعَ رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أُحُدًا فَذَكَرَهُ .
4268 \ 3 - وَقَالَ أَبُو نُعَيْمٍ : حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو عَمْرِو بْنُ حَمْدَانَ ، حَدَّثَنَا الْحَسَنُ بِهِ .
فَلَزِمَ مِنْ هَذَا أَنْ تَرْجَمَ أَبُو نُعَيْمٍ وَسَلَمَةُ بْنُ نَافِعٍ لِعَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ عُقْبَةَ فِي الصَّحَابَةِ ، وَلَا أَصْلَ لَهُ ، وَاللهُ أَعْلَمُ .
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Uqbah (may Allah be pleased with him), the freed slave of Jabr bin Atik, that he said: I took part in the Battle of Uhud with my masters. (During the battle) I struck a man of the polytheists a full blow, and when I had killed him I said (with great pride): 'Khudh-ha minni wa ana al-rajul al-Farisi' (Take this blow from me, and I am a Persian youth). When this reached the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), he (peace and blessings be upon him) said (cautioning him about it): "Why did you not say: 'Khudh-ha minni wa ana al-rajul al-Ansari' (Take this blow from me, and I am an Ansari youth)? For the freed slave of a people is counted as one of them (because of his alliance and attachment)."
Imam al-Hasan bin Sufyan narrated from Shayban bin Abi Shaybah, from Yahya bin al-Ala', from Dawud bin al-Husayn, from Uqbah bin Abd al-Rahman, from his father (Uqbah) (may Allah be pleased with him), that he said: I was present with the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) at the Battle of Uhud; then he mentioned the previous hadith.
Imam Abu Nu'aym narrated it from Abu Amr bin Hamdan, from al-Hasan, with the same chain.
It follows from this that Abu Nu'aym and Salamah bin Nafi' counted Abd al-Rahman bin Uqbah among the Companions, although this has no basis (in established fact); and Allah knows best.
Imam al-Hasan bin Sufyan narrated from Shayban bin Abi Shaybah, from Yahya bin al-Ala', from Dawud bin al-Husayn, from Uqbah bin Abd al-Rahman, from his father (Uqbah) (may Allah be pleased with him), that he said: I was present with the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) at the Battle of Uhud; then he mentioned the previous hadith.
Imam Abu Nu'aym narrated it from Abu Amr bin Hamdan, from al-Hasan, with the same chain.
It follows from this that Abu Nu'aym and Salamah bin Nafi' counted Abd al-Rahman bin Uqbah among the Companions, although this has no basis (in established fact); and Allah knows best.
وَقَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ : حَدَّثَنَا خَالِدُ بْنُ مَخْلَدٍ ، حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْعَزِيزِ الْأَنْصَارِيُّ ، حَدَّثَنِي الزُّهْرِيُّ ، عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ كَعْبِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ ، قَالَ : إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ يَوْمَ أُحُدٍ : مَنْ رَأَى مَقْتَلَ حَمْزَةَ ؟ فَقَالَ رَجُلٌ أَعْزَلُ : أَنَا رَأَيْتُ مَقْتَلَهُ قَالَ : فَانْطَلِقْ فَأَرِنَاهُ ، فَخَرَجَ حَتَّى وَقَفَ عَلَى حَمْزَةَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ ، فَرَآهُ وَقَدْ شُقَّ بَطْنُهُ وَقَدْ مُثِّلَ بِهِ ، فَقَالَ : يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ ، مُثِّلَ بِهِ وَاللهِ ، فَكَرِهَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَنْ يَنْظُرَ إِلَيْهِ ، وَوَقَفَ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ بَيْنَ ظَهْرَانَيِ الْقَتْلَى ، فَقَالَ : أَنَا شَهِيدٌ عَلَى هَؤُلَاءِ ، كَفِّنُوهُمْ فِي دِمَائِهِمْ فَإِنَّهُ لَيْسَ جُرْحٌ يُجْرَحُ فِي اللهِ إِلَّا جَاءَ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ يَدْمِي ، لَوْنُهُ لَوْنُ الدَّمِ ، وَرِيحُهُ رِيحُ الْمِسْكِ ، قَدِّمُوا أَكْثَرَهُمْ قُرْآنًا فَاجْعَلُوهُ فِي اللَّحْدِ .
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Ka'b bin Malik (may Allah be pleased with him) that on the day of the Battle of Uhud the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) asked: "Who has seen the place where Hamzah was killed?" An unarmed man said: "I have seen the place where he was killed." He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Then go and show us too." So the man set off until he stood beside the blessed body of Sayyiduna Hamzah (may Allah be pleased with him), and he saw that his belly had been slit open and that he had been mutilated, his limbs cut off. He said: "O Messenger of Allah, by Allah, he has been mutilated." The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) disliked looking at him (out of intense grief and sorrow), and standing among the martyrs he said: "I am a witness over all of these (before Allah). Shroud them in their blood, for there is no wound received in the way of Allah except that it will come on the Day of Resurrection with blood flowing from it, its colour the colour of blood but its fragrance the fragrance of musk. And put forward those of them who knew more of the Qur'an, and lower them into the lahd (grave niche) first."
Imam Abu Bakr bin Abi Shaybah narrated this hadith, and its supporting reports (shawahid) exist in Sahih al-Bukhari and Sahih Muslim, on the basis of which this narration is sahih (authentic).
Imam Abu Bakr bin Abi Shaybah narrated this hadith, and its supporting reports (shawahid) exist in Sahih al-Bukhari and Sahih Muslim, on the basis of which this narration is sahih (authentic).
وَقَالَ أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مَنِيعٍ : حَدَّثَنَا حُسَيْنُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ .
4270 \ 2 - وَقَالَ أَبُو يَعْلَى ، حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ بَكَّارٍ ، قَالَا : حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو مَعْشَرٍ ، حَدَّثَنَا أَيُّوبُ ، عَنْ أَبِي أُمَامَةَ بْنِ سَهْلِ بْنِ حُنَيْفٍ ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ ، قَالَ : جَاءَ عَلِيٌّ بِسَيْفِهِ إِلَى فَاطِمَةَ يَوْمَ أُحُدٍ فَقَالَ : اغْسِلِي سَيْفِي هَذَا ، فَقَدْ أَحْسَنْتُ الضِّرَابَ الْيَوْمَ ، فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : لَئِنْ كُنْتَ أَحْسَنْتَ الْقِتَالَ فَقَدْ أَحْسَنَهُ عَاصِمُ بْنُ ثَابِتٍ ، وَسَهْلُ بْنُ حُنَيْفٍ ، وَالْحَارِثُ بْنُ الصِّمَّةِ .
4270 \ 2 - وَقَالَ أَبُو يَعْلَى ، حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ بَكَّارٍ ، قَالَا : حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو مَعْشَرٍ ، حَدَّثَنَا أَيُّوبُ ، عَنْ أَبِي أُمَامَةَ بْنِ سَهْلِ بْنِ حُنَيْفٍ ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ ، قَالَ : جَاءَ عَلِيٌّ بِسَيْفِهِ إِلَى فَاطِمَةَ يَوْمَ أُحُدٍ فَقَالَ : اغْسِلِي سَيْفِي هَذَا ، فَقَدْ أَحْسَنْتُ الضِّرَابَ الْيَوْمَ ، فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : لَئِنْ كُنْتَ أَحْسَنْتَ الْقِتَالَ فَقَدْ أَحْسَنَهُ عَاصِمُ بْنُ ثَابِتٍ ، وَسَهْلُ بْنُ حُنَيْفٍ ، وَالْحَارِثُ بْنُ الصِّمَّةِ .
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Sahl bin Hunayf (may Allah be pleased with him) that Sayyiduna Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) came with his sword to Sayyidah Fatimah (may Allah be pleased with her) on the day of the Battle of Uhud and said: "Wash this sword of mine, for today I have struck excellent blows (on the battlefield)." The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) (hearing what Sayyiduna Ali said) said: "If you have fought well, then certainly Asim bin Thabit, Sahl bin Hunayf and al-Harith bin al-Simmah (may Allah be pleased with them) have also fought excellently."
Imam Ahmad bin Mani' and Imam Abu Ya'la recorded this hadith.
Imam Ahmad bin Mani' and Imam Abu Ya'la recorded this hadith.
وَقَالَ الطَّيَالِسِيُّ : حَدَّثَنَا ابْنُ الْمُبَارَكِ ، عَنْ إِسْحَاقَ بْنِ يَحْيَى بْنِ طَلْحَةَ بْنِ عُبَيْدِ اللهِ ، قَالَ : أَخْبَرَنِي عِيسَى بْنُ طَلْحَةَ ، عَنْ أُمِّ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَائِشَةَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهَا قَالَتْ : كَانَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ إِذَا ذَكَرَ يَوْمَ أُحُدٍ قَالَ : ذَلِكَ يَوْمٌ كَانَ كُلُّهُ يَوْمَ طَلْحَةَ ، ثُمَّ أَنْشَأَ يُحَدِّثُ ، قَالَ : كُنْتُ أَوَّلَ مَنْ فَاءَ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَوْمَ أُحُدٍ ، فَرَأَيْتُ رَجُلًا يُقَاتِلُ مَعَ رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ دُونَهُ - قَالَ : أُرَاهُ يَحْمِيهِ - قَالَ : فَقُلْتُ : كُنْ طَلْحَةَ حَيْثُ فَاتَنِي مَا فَاتَنِي ، فَقُلْتُ : يَكُونُ رَجُلًا مِنْ قَوْمِي أَحَبُّ إِلَيَّ ، وَبَيْنِي وَبَيْنَ الْمَشْرِقِ رَجُلٌ لَا أَعْرِفُهُ ، وَأَنَا إِلَى رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَقْرَبُ مِنْهُ ، وَهُوَ يَخْطِفُ الْمَشْيَ خَطْفًا لَا أَخْطِفُهُ ، فَإِذَا هُوَ أَبُو عُبَيْدَةَ بْنُ الْجَرَّاحِ ، فَانْتَهَيْتُ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَقَدْ كُسِرَتْ رَبَاعِيَتُهُ ، وَشُجَّ فِي وَجْهِهِ ، وَقَدْ دَخَلَ فِي وَجْنَتَيْهِ حَلْقَتَانِ مِنْ حِلَقِ الْمِغْفَرِ ، فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : عَلَيْكُمَا صَاحِبُكُمَا - يُرِيدُ طَلْحَةَ وَقَدْ نَزَفَ ، فَلَمْ نَلْتَفِتْ إِلَى قَوْلِهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، وَذَهَبْتُ لِأَنْزِعَ ذَلِكَ مِنْ وَجْهِهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، فَقَالَ أَبُو عُبَيْدَةَ : أَقْسَمْتُ عَلَيْكَ بِحَقِّي لَمَا تَرَكْتَنِي ، فَتَرَكَهُ فَكَرِهَ أَنْ يَتَنَاوَلَهَا بِيَدِهِ فَيُؤْذِيَ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، فَأَزَمَ عَلَيْهِ بِفِيهِ فَاسْتَخْرَجَ إِحْدَى الْحَلْقَتَيْنِ ، وَوَقَعَتْ ثَنِيَّتُهُ مَعَ الْحَلْقَةِ ، وَذَهَبْتُ لِأَصْنَعَ مَا صَنَعَ ، فَقَالَ : أَقْسَمْتُ عَلَيْكَ بِحَقِّي لَمَا تَرَكْتَنِي ، فَفَعَلَ كَمَا فَعَلَ الْمَرَّةَ الْأُولَى فَوَقَعَتْ ثَنِيَّتُهُ الْأُخْرَى مَعَ الْحَلْقَةِ ، فَكَانَ أَبُو عُبَيْدَةَ مِنْ أَحْسَنِ النَّاسِ هَتْمًا ، فَأَصْلَحْنَا مِنْ شَأْنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، ثُمَّ أَتَيْنَا طَلْحَةَ فِي بَعْضِ الْجِفَارِ فَإِذَا بِهِ بِضْعٌ وَسَبْعُونَ أَوْ أَقَلُّ أَوْ أَكْثَرُ مِنْ طَعْنَةٍ وَضَرْبَةٍ وَرَمْيَةٍ ، وَإِذَا قَدْ قُطِعَ أُصْبُعُهُ ، فَأَصْلَحْنَا مِنْ شَأْنِهِ .
4271 \ 2 - أَخْرَجَهُ ابْنُ حِبَّانَ مِنْ طَرِيقِ شَبَابَةَ بْنِ سَوَّارٍ ، عَنْ إِسْحَاقَ بْنِ يَحْيَى ، بِهِ .
4271 \ 2 - أَخْرَجَهُ ابْنُ حِبَّانَ مِنْ طَرِيقِ شَبَابَةَ بْنِ سَوَّارٍ ، عَنْ إِسْحَاقَ بْنِ يَحْيَى ، بِهِ .
It is narrated from Sayyidah Aishah al-Siddiqah (may Allah be pleased with her) that whenever Sayyiduna Abu Bakr al-Siddiq (may Allah be pleased with him) mentioned the Battle of Uhud, he would say: "That was entirely the day of Talhah (may Allah be pleased with him)." Then he would begin to relate the details, saying: "On the day of the Battle of Uhud I was the first person to turn back to the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) (after the scattering on the battlefield). I saw a man fighting the enemy in front of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), shielding him with his own body and defending him; I thought that he was protecting him (peace and blessings be upon him). So I said (to myself): 'Would that it were Talhah, since I have missed the honour that I should have had.' Then I thought: 'If it is someone from my own people (tribe), that will be dearer to me.' Meanwhile, between me and the east there was another man whom I could not recognise; although I was closer to the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) than he was, he was moving so swiftly, darting along, that I could not keep pace with him. When he came near, I saw that it was Sayyiduna Abu Ubaydah bin al-Jarrah (may Allah be pleased with him). Then I reached the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), and his front tooth (ruba'iyah) had been broken, his blessed cheek was wounded, and two rings of the helmet had sunk into his cheeks. Then the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: 'See to your companion, both of you', meaning Sayyiduna Talhah (may Allah be pleased with him), who had lost a great deal of blood. But we paid no heed to this instruction of his (peace and blessings be upon him) (about his own wounds), and I set out to remove that ring from his (peace and blessings be upon him) blessed face. Then Abu Ubaydah (may Allah be pleased with him) said: 'I adjure you by my right over you to leave this task to me.' So Sayyiduna Abu Bakr gave him the opportunity. Abu Ubaydah (may Allah be pleased with him) did not like to pull it with his hand lest it hurt the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), so he gripped the ring firmly with his teeth and pulled it out, and his own front tooth came out along with that ring. Then I stepped forward to remove the second ring, and he said again: 'I adjure you by my right over you to let me do this task.' So he did as he had done the first time, and his second front tooth also fell out along with that second ring. Thus Abu Ubaydah (may Allah be pleased with him) became one of those who looked most attractive despite having lost their front teeth. Then we attended to the condition of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), and after that we came to Sayyiduna Talhah (may Allah be pleased with him) in a low-lying place and saw that he had some seventy-odd, or a little fewer or more, spear thrusts, sword blows and arrow wounds, and one of his fingers had been cut off. So we dressed his wounds and set his condition right."
Imam Ibn Hibban narrated it through Shababah bin Sawwar, from Ishaq bin Yahya.
Imam Ibn Hibban narrated it through Shababah bin Sawwar, from Ishaq bin Yahya.
