Righteousness and sin

Sayyiduna Wabisah bin Ma'bad (may Allah be pleased with him), a Companion of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), narrates: I came to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) to ask about righteousness and sin. He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Have you come to ask about righteousness and sin? Sayyiduna Wabisah (may Allah be pleased with him) said: By the One who sent you (peace and blessings be upon him) with the truth, I have not come to you to ask about anything other than this. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Righteousness is that for which your heart is at ease, whatever ruling people may give you about it."
Ahmad and al-Bazzar recorded it; its chain contains a narrator, Abu Abdullah al-Sulami. Al-Bazzar's wording is: al-Asadi narrated it from Sayyiduna Wabisah (may Allah be pleased with him), and Mu'awiyah bin Salih narrated it from him. (Allamah al-Haythami says:) I have not seen anyone who has written a biography of him.

It is reported from Ayyub bin Abdullah bin Mikraz, although he did not hear it from him, that he said: His companions told me this, although I have seen him; he meant Sayyiduna Wabisah bin Ma'bad al-Asadi (may Allah be pleased with him). The narrator Affan says: He narrated this hadith more than once and did not say: His companions told me this. Sayyiduna Wabisah (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates: I came to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), intending to ask him (peace and blessings be upon him) about everything related to righteousness and sin. Around the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) were some Muslims who were asking him (peace and blessings be upon him) about rulings. I began stepping over them to come forward, and the people said: O Wabisah, keep back from the Messenger of Allah! I said: Let me go near him, for of all people he is the one I most love to be near. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Let Wabisah come! O Wabisah, come near! He (peace and blessings be upon him) said this twice, or perhaps three times. The narrator says: I came close to him (peace and blessings be upon him), until I sat in front of him (peace and blessings be upon him). The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Shall I tell you (about what you wish to ask me), or will you ask me? I said: No, rather you tell me. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: You have come to ask me about righteousness and sin. I said: Yes. Then the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) tapped my chest with the tips of three (of his fingers) and said: O Wabisah, ask yourself! Ask yourself! He (peace and blessings be upon him) said this three times, and said: "Righteousness is that with which the soul is at peace, and sin is that which troubles your soul and causes hesitation in your chest, whatever ruling people may give you and whatever they may tell you."
Ahmad and Abu Ya'la recorded it; its chain contains a narrator, Ayyub bin Abdullah bin Mikraz, about whom Ibn Adi said: His narration is not corroborated, while Ibn Hibban declared him thiqah (trustworthy).

Sayyiduna Abu Tha'labah al-Khushani (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates: I said: O Messenger of Allah, tell me what is lawful for me and what is unlawful for me. The narrator says: The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) looked me over carefully, then he (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Righteousness is that with which the soul finds tranquillity and with which the heart is at peace, and sin is that with which the soul finds no tranquillity and with which the heart is not at peace, whatever rulings those who give rulings may give you."
Ahmad and al-Tabarani recorded it (each in his own work). The opening part of this report is recorded in the "Sahih". Its narrators are thiqat (trustworthy).

Sayyiduna Abu Umamah (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates: A man asked the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him): What is sin? The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: When something (that is, unease) comes into your heart, then leave it (that is, that deed)! He asked: What is faith? The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: When your bad deed grieves you and your good deed pleases you, then you are a believer.
Ahmad recorded it, and its narrators are the narrators of the Sahih.

Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Mas'ud (may Allah be pleased with him) said: Sin makes the heart troubled. In one narration the wording is: It is what troubles the breasts.
In one narration the wording is: In whatever is looked at, Satan has some hope, and sin is what troubles the hearts. Al-Tabarani recorded all these narrations with chains whose narrators are thiqat (trustworthy). (Allamah al-Haythami says:) I say: Ibn al-Athir mentioned three forms of the word in his book "al-Nihayah": hawwaz, hawazz and hazzaz (the literal meaning of hawwaz is matters that cause pain to the heart, that is, unease or distress).