Amr bin Dinar narrates from Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) concerning the saying of Allah Almighty: "And consult them in the matter" [Surah Al Imran: 159], that is, consult them in affairs. He said: (This refers to) Abu Bakr and Umar (may Allah be pleased with them both).
Hadith Referenceالسنن الكبرى للبيهقي / كتاب آداب القاضي / 20300
Urwah bin al-Zubayr narrates from Sayyiduna al-Miswar bin Makhramah and Marwan bin al-Hakam (may Allah be pleased with them both) the story of Hudaybiyah, that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Give me your counsel. Do you think that we should turn upon the families of those who helped them and seize them? Or do you think that we should head for the House (of Allah), and whoever bars us from it, we will fight him?" Abu Bakr al-Siddiq (may Allah be pleased with him) said: Allah and His Messenger (peace and blessings be upon him) know best. We have come only to perform Umrah; we have not come to fight, but whoever stands between us and the House, we will fight him. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Then set off."
(b) Al-Zuhri narrates from Sayyiduna Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) consulted his Companions more than anyone.
Hadith Referenceالسنن الكبرى للبيهقي / كتاب آداب القاضي / 20301
Anas bin Malik (may Allah be pleased with him) said that when the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) set out for Badr, he consulted Abu Bakr and Umar (may Allah be pleased with them both) and the Muslims. Then he consulted them again, and the Ansar said: O company of the Ansar! The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) means you. They said: "Then we will not say as the Children of Israel said to Musa (peace be upon him): 'So go, you and your Lord, and fight; we are sitting right here.' [Surah al-Ma'idah: 24] By the One who sent you with the truth, even if you were to go as far as Bark al-Ghimad, we would follow you."
Hadith Referenceالسنن الكبرى للبيهقي / كتاب آداب القاضي / 20302
Abdullah bin Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) narrates from Sayyiduna Umar bin al-Khattab (may Allah be pleased with him) that on the day of Badr, he (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "What is your view about these captives?" Sayyiduna Abu Bakr al-Siddiq (may Allah be pleased with him) said: "O Prophet of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him)! They are the sons of our uncles, our clansmen and our brothers. Let us take ransom from them and release them, so that it may be a strength for us against the polytheists. Perhaps Allah will guide them to Islam, and they will become a support for us." He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "O Ibn al-Khattab! What is your view?" I said: I do not hold the view that Abu Bakr holds. These are the leaders and chiefs of disbelief; strike their necks. But the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) favoured the advice of Sayyiduna Abu Bakr al-Siddiq (may Allah be pleased with him) and did not incline to my advice. He (peace and blessings be upon him) took ransom from them. The next morning I went to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), and the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) and Sayyiduna Abu Bakr al-Siddiq (may Allah be pleased with him) were sitting and weeping. I said: "O Prophet of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him)! What has made you and your companion weep? If it is a matter for weeping, I will weep too; otherwise I will make myself weep because of your weeping." He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Because of the advice your companions gave, the punishment was presented to me, closer than this tree (and the tree was very near)." Then Allah revealed: "It is not for a prophet to have captives until he has thoroughly subdued (the enemy) in the land. You desire the goods of this world, but Allah desires the Hereafter; and Allah is Almighty, All-Wise." [Surah al-Anfal: 67]
Hadith Referenceالسنن الكبرى للبيهقي / كتاب آداب القاضي / 20303
Ibn Shubrumah (may Allah have mercy on him) narrates from Hasan (may Allah have mercy on him) concerning the saying of Allah Almighty: "And consult them in the matter" [Surah Al Imran: 159], that Allah, the Lord of Might, taught those who would come after, for he (peace and blessings be upon him) himself had no need of it.
Hadith Referenceالسنن الكبرى للبيهقي / كتاب آداب القاضي / 20304
Al-Sha'bi (may Allah have mercy on him) said: Whoever would like to take the firmest course in judging, let him adopt the judgements of Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him), for he used to seek counsel.
Hadith Referenceالسنن الكبرى للبيهقي / كتاب آداب القاضي / 20305
Sa'id bin al-Musayyib (may Allah have mercy on him) said that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "The foundation of intellect, after faith, is showing love to people for the sake of Allah. No man should consider himself free of the need for consultation. Those who do good in this world will be the people of good in the Hereafter, and those who do evil in this world will be the people of evil in the Hereafter."
Hadith Referenceالسنن الكبرى للبيهقي / كتاب آداب القاضي / 20306
Dawud bin Abi Hind narrates from al-Sha'bi (may Allah have mercy on him) that men are of three kinds: a complete man, half a man, and one who is nothing. The complete man is the one who has his own opinion and also seeks counsel; half a man is the one who has no opinion of his own but does seek counsel; and the worthless man is the one who has neither intellect nor seeks counsel.
Hadith Referenceالسنن الكبرى للبيهقي / كتاب آداب القاضي / 20307
Yahya bin Sa'id (may Allah have mercy on him) said that Umar bin Abd al-Aziz (may Allah have mercy on him) asked about the judge of Kufa and said: A judge should not be a judge unless he has five qualities: (1) he is chaste, (2) forbearing, (3) knowledgeable about (the judgements of) those before him, (4) he consults people of understanding, (5) and he does not care about people's blame.
Hadith Referenceالسنن الكبرى للبيهقي / كتاب آداب القاضي / 20308
Mughirah (may Allah have mercy on him) said: Umar bin Abd al-Aziz (may Allah have mercy on him) had companions of the night whom he would consult about the people's affairs that were brought before him, and the sign between him and them, when he wanted them to rise and leave, was that he would say: When you wish.
Hadith Referenceالسنن الكبرى للبيهقي / كتاب آداب القاضي / 20309
Yahya bin Abi Kathir (may Allah have mercy on him) said that Sulayman bin Dawud (peace be upon them both) said to his son: Do not settle any matter until you have consulted your guide; when you do that, you will not grieve.
Hadith Referenceالسنن الكبرى للبيهقي / كتاب آداب القاضي / 20310
Amr bin Shurahbil (may Allah have mercy on him) said: Salman bin Rabi'ah (may Allah be pleased with him) used to judge in the mosque. He was asked about (a question of) inheritance shares, and he erred in it. Amr bin Shurahbil (may Allah have mercy on him) said: The ruling is such-and-such. He felt something in his heart, and he referred (the matter) to Abu Musa (may Allah be pleased with him). He said: O Salman, you ought not to become angry; but O Amr, you should have advised him in his ear.
Hadith Referenceالسنن الكبرى للبيهقي / كتاب آداب القاضي / 20311