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السنن الكبرى للبيهقي
Sunan al-Kubra al-Bayhaqi
كتاب آداب القاضي
Book of the Etiquette of the Judge
باب: مشاورة الوالي والقاضي في الأمر
Chapter: The ruler and the judge consulting on matters
Bayhaqi 20303 — The ruler and the judge consulting on matters
اُردوEn
أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو الْقَاسِمِ عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ عُبَيْدِ اللهِ الْحِرَفِيُّ بِبَغْدَادَ، ثنا حَمْزَةُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْعَبَّاسِ، ثنا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ غَالِبٍ، ثنا مُوسَى بْنُ مَسْعُودٍ، ثنا عِكْرِمَةُ بْنُ عَمَّارٍ، عَنْ أَبِي زُمَيْلٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ، عَنْ عُمَرَ بْنِ الْخَطَّابِ، رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ: لَمَّا كَانَ يَوْمُ بَدْرٍ قَالَ: " مَا تَرَوْنَ فِي هَؤُلَاءِ الْأَسْرَى؟ "، فَقَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ: يَا نَبِيَّ اللهِ، بَنُو الْعَمِّ، وَالْعَشِيرَةُ، وَالْإِخْوَانُ، غَيْرَ أَنَّا نَأْخُذُ مِنْهُمُ الْفِدَاءَ لِيَكُونَ لَنَا قُوَّةً عَلَى الْمُشْرِكِينَ، وَعَسَى اللهُ أَنْ يَهْدِيَهُمْ إِلَى الْإِسْلَامِ، وَيَكُونُوا لَنَا عَضُدًا "، قَالَ: " فَمَاذَا تَرَى يَا ابْنَ الْخَطَّابِ؟ " قُلْتُ: يَا نَبِيَّ اللهِ، مَا أَرَى الَّذِي رَأَى أَبُو بَكْرٍ وَلَكِنَّ هَؤُلَاءِ أَئِمَّةُ الْكُفْرِ وَصَنَادِيدُهُمْ فَقَرِّبْهُمْ فَاضْرِبْ أَعْنَاقَهُمْ، قَالَ: فَهَوَى رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ مَا قَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ، وَلَمْ يَهْوَ مَا قُلْتُ أَنَا، وَأَخَذَ مِنْهُمُ الْفِدَاءَ، فَلَمَّا أَصْبَحْتُ غَدَوْتُ عَلَى رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، وَإِذَا هُوَ وَأَبُو بَكْرٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ قَاعِدَانِ يَبْكِيَانِ، فَقُلْتُ: يَا نَبِيَّ اللهِ، أَخْبِرْنِي مِنْ أِيِّ شَيْءٍ تَبْكِي أَنْتَ وَصَاحِبُكَ، فَإِنْ وَجَدْتُ بُكَاءً بَكَيْتُ، وَإِلَّا تَبَاكَيْتُ لِبُكَائِكُمَا، قَالَ: " الَّذِي عَرَضَ عَلَيَّ أَصْحَابُكَ، لَقَدْ عُرِضَ عَلَيَّ عَذَابُكُمْ أَدْنَى مِنْ هَذِهِ الشَّجَرَةِ، وَشَجَرَةٌ قَرِيبَةٌ حِينَئِذٍ، فَأَنْزَلَ اللهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ {مَا كَانَ لِنَبِيٍّ أَنْ يَكُونَ لَهُ أَسْرَى حَتَّى يُثْخِنَ فِي الْأَرْضِ تُرِيدُونَ عَرَضَ الدُّنْيَا وَاللهُ يُرِيدُ الْآخِرَةَ وَاللهُ عَزِيزٌ حَكِيمٌ} [الأنفال: ٦٧] ". أَخْرَجَهُ مُسْلِمٌ فِي الصَّحِيحِ مِنْ حَدِيثِ عِكْرِمَةَ بْنِ عَمَّارٍ.
Abdullah bin Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) narrates from Sayyiduna Umar bin al-Khattab (may Allah be pleased with him) that on the day of Badr, he (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "What is your view about these captives?" Sayyiduna Abu Bakr al-Siddiq (may Allah be pleased with him) said: "O Prophet of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him)! They are the sons of our uncles, our clansmen and our brothers. Let us take ransom from them and release them, so that it may be a strength for us against the polytheists. Perhaps Allah will guide them to Islam, and they will become a support for us." He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "O Ibn al-Khattab! What is your view?" I said: I do not hold the view that Abu Bakr holds. These are the leaders and chiefs of disbelief; strike their necks. But the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) favoured the advice of Sayyiduna Abu Bakr al-Siddiq (may Allah be pleased with him) and did not incline to my advice. He (peace and blessings be upon him) took ransom from them. The next morning I went to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), and the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) and Sayyiduna Abu Bakr al-Siddiq (may Allah be pleased with him) were sitting and weeping. I said: "O Prophet of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him)! What has made you and your companion weep? If it is a matter for weeping, I will weep too; otherwise I will make myself weep because of your weeping." He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Because of the advice your companions gave, the punishment was presented to me, closer than this tree (and the tree was very near)." Then Allah revealed: "It is not for a prophet to have captives until he has thoroughly subdued (the enemy) in the land. You desire the goods of this world, but Allah desires the Hereafter; and Allah is Almighty, All-Wise." [Surah al-Anfal: 67]
