السنن الكبرى للبيهقي
Sunan al-Kubra al-Bayhaqi
كتاب النذور
Book of Vows
باب: ما يوفى به من النذور، وما لا يوفى
Which vows are fulfilled and which are not
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أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ، ثنا أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ إِسْحَاقَ الْفَقِيهُ إِمْلَاءً أنبأ أَبُو مُسْلِمٍ، أنبأ أَبُو عَاصِمٍ، عَنْ مَالِكٍ، عَنْ طَلْحَةَ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْمَلِكِ، عَنِ الْقَاسِمِ عَنْ عَائِشَةَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهَا قَالَتْ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: " مَنْ نَذَرَ أَنْ يُطِيعَ اللهَ فَلْيُطِعْهُ، وَمَنْ نَذَرَ أَنْ يَعْصِيَهُ فَلَا يَعْصِهِ ". رَوَاهُ الْبُخَارِيُّ فِي الصَّحِيحِ عَنْ أَبِي عَاصِمٍ.
Sayyidah Aishah (may Allah be pleased with her) said that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Whoever vows an act of obedience, let him fulfil it; and whoever vows an act of disobedience, let him not fulfil it."
أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ، أَخْبَرَنِي أَبُو الْوَلِيدِ، ثنا جَعْفَرُ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ نَصْرٍ، ثنا عَلِيُّ بْنُ حُجْرٍ ح، قَالَ: وَأَخْبَرَنِي أَبُو الْفَضْلِ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، وَاللَّفْظُ لَهُ، ثنا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ سَلَمَةَ، ثنا عَمْرُو بْنُ زُرَارَةَ بْنِ وَاقِدٍ الْكِلَابِيُّ قَالَا: ثنا إِسْمَاعِيلُ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، ثنا أَيُّوبُ، عَنْ أَبِي قِلَابَةَ، عَنْ أَبِي الْمُهَلَّبِ، عَنْ عِمْرَانَ بْنِ الْحُصَيْنِ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ: كَانَتْ ثَقِيفُ حُلَفَاءَ لِبَنِي عُقَيْلٍ فَأَسَرَتْ ثَقِيفُ رَجُلَيْنِ مِنْ أَصْحَابِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، وَأَسَرَ أَصْحَابُ رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ رَجُلًا، وَأَصَابُوا مَعَهُ الْعَضْبَاءَ فَذَكَرَ الْحَدِيثَ كَمَا مَضَى وَفِيهِ قَالَ: وَأُسِرَتِ امْرَأَةٌ مِنَ الْأَنْصَارِ وَأُصِيبَتِ الْعَضْبَاءُ فَكَانَتِ الْمَرْأَةُ فِي الْوَثَاقِ، وَكَانَ الْقَوْمُ يُرِيحُونَ نَعَمَهُمْ بَيْنَ أَيْدِي بُيُوتِهِمْ، فَانْفَلَتَتْ ذَاتَ لَيْلَةٍ مِنَ الْوَثَاقِ، فَأَتَتِ الْإِبِلَ، فَجَعَلَتْ إِذَا دَنَتْ مِنَ الْبَعِيرِ رَغَا فَتَتْرُكُهُ حَتَّى تَنْتَهِيَ إِلَى الْعَضْبَاءِ فَلَمْ تَرْغُ قَالَ: وَنَاقَةٌ مَنُوقَةٌ فَقَعَدَتْ فِي عَجُزِهَا، ثُمَّ زَجَرَتْهَا فَانْطَلَقَتْ وَنَذَرُوا بِهَا فَطَلَبُوهَا فَأَعْجَزَتْهُمْ قَالَ: وَنَذَرَتْ إِنِ اللهُ أَنْجَاهَا لَتَنْحَرَنَّهَا فَلَمَّا قَدِمَتِ الْمَدِينَةَ رَآهَا النَّاسُ فَقَالُوا: " الْعَضْبَاءُ نَاقَةُ رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، فَقَالَ: إِنَّهَا قَدْ نَذَرَتْ إِنِ اللهُ أَنْجَاهَا عَلَيْهَا لَتَنْحَرَنَّهَا فَأَتَوَا النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، فَذَكَرُوا ذَلِكَ لَهُ، فَقَالَ: " سُبْحَانَ اللهِ بِئْسَ مَا جَزَتْهَا إِنِ اللهُ أَنْجَاهَا عَلَيْهَا لَتَنْحَرَنَّهَا لَا وَفَاءَ لِنَذْرٍ فِي مَعْصِيَةِ اللهِ، وَلَا فِيمَا لَا يَمْلِكُ الْعَبْدُ ". رَوَاهُ مُسْلِمٌ فِي الصَّحِيحِ، عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ حُجْرٍ وَغَيْرِهِ.
Abu al-Muhallab narrates from Sayyiduna Imran bin Husayn (may Allah be pleased with him) that the tribe of Thaqif were allies of the tribe of Banu Uqayl. Thaqif took two Companions of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) captive, and the Companions of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) took a man captive and also seized his she-camel. He then mentioned the hadith. An Ansari woman was taken captive, and al-Adba' the she-camel was seized. The woman was in bonds, and the people would rest their animals in front of their houses. One night the woman slipped out of her bonds and crept up to the camels. Whenever she approached a camel, it would cry out, so she would leave it, until she reached al-Adba', the she-camel of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), and it did not cry out. The narrator said: It was a well-trained she-camel. The woman sat on its rump, then urged it on, and it set off. They became aware of her and pursued her, but she outran them. She had vowed that if Allah saved her, she would slaughter it. When she came to Madinah, the people saw it and said: Al-Adba' is the she-camel of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him). Someone said: She has vowed that if Allah saved her on it, she would slaughter it. They came to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) and mentioned this to him. He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Glory be to Allah! If Allah saved her on this she-camel, she would slaughter it? That is bad." Then he said: "There is no fulfilling of a vow in disobedience to Allah, nor in what the servant does not own (there is no vow in that either)."
أَخْبَرَنَا عَبْدُ الْخَالِقِ بْنُ عَلِيٍّ، أنبأ أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ خَنْبٍ، أنبأ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِسْمَاعِيلَ التِّرْمِذِيُّ، ثنا أَيُّوبُ بْنُ سُلَيْمَانَ بْنِ بِلَالٍ، حَدَّثَنِي أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ أَبِي أُوَيْسٍ، حَدَّثَنِي سُلَيْمَانُ بْنُ بِلَالٍ، عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ حَارِثٍ، عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ شُعَيْبٍ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنْ جَدِّهِ أَنَّ امْرَأَةَ أَبِي ذَرٍّ جَاءَتْ عَلَى الْقَصْوَاءِ رَاحِلَةِ رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ حَتَّى أَنَاخَتْ عِنْدَ الْمَسْجِدِ، فَقَالَتْ: " يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ، " نَذَرْتُ لَئِنْ نَجَّانِي اللهُ عَلَيْهَا لَآكُلَنَّ مِنْ كَبِدِهَا وَسَنَامِهَا "، قَالَ: " بِئْسَمَا جَزَيْتِيهَا لَيْسَ هَذَا نَذْرًا، إِنَّمَا النَّذْرُ مَا ابْتُغِيَ بِهِ وَجْهُ اللهِ ".
Amr bin Shu'ayb narrates from his father, and he from his grandfather (may Allah be pleased with him), that the wife of Abu Dharr (may Allah be pleased with him) came riding al-Qaswa', the she-camel, and it was made to kneel near the mosque. She said: O Messenger of Allah! I vowed that if Allah saved me, I would eat of its liver and the meat of its hump. He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "You have repaid it badly." He said: "This is not a vow. A vow is only that by which the pleasure of Allah is sought."
أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَلِيٍّ الرُّوذْبَارِيُّ، أنبأ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ بَكْرٍ، ثنا أَبُو دَاوُدَ ح ⦗١٣٠⦘ وَأَخْبَرَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ، ثنا أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ صَالِحِ بْنِ هَانِئٍ ثنا السَّرِيُّ بْنُ خُزَيْمَةَ قَالَا: ثنا مُوسَى بْنُ إِسْمَاعِيلَ، ثنا وُهَيْبٌ، ثنا أَيُّوبُ، عَنْ عِكْرِمَةَ، عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُمَا قَالَ: بَيْنَمَا النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَخْطُبُ، إِذَا هُوَ بِرَجُلٍ قَائِمٍ فِي الشَّمْسِ، فَسَأَلَ عَنْهُ، فَقَالُوا: هَذَا أَبُو إِسْرَائِيلَ نَذَرَ أَنْ يَقُومَ وَلَا يَقْعُدَ، وَلَا يَسْتَظِلَّ وَلَا يَتَكَلَّمَ، وَيَصُومَ وَلَا يُفْطِرَ، فَقَالَ: " مُرْهُ فَلْيَتَكَلَّمْ وَلْيَسْتَظِلَّ وَلْيَقْعُدْ، وَلْيُتِمَّ صَوْمَهُ ". رَوَاهُ الْبُخَارِيُّ فِي الصَّحِيحِ عَنْ مُوسَى بْنِ إِسْمَاعِيلَ.
Ikrimah narrates from Sayyiduna Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) was delivering a sermon when suddenly there was a man standing in the sun. He (peace and blessings be upon him) asked about him, and they replied: "This is Abu Isra'il. He has vowed to stand and not sit, not to go into the shade, not to speak, and to fast and not break his fast." He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Tell him to speak, to take shade, to sit, and to complete his fast."
وَأَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو بَكْرٍ أَحْمَدُ بْنُ الْحَسَنِ، وَأَبُو زَكَرِيَّا بْنُ أَبِي إِسْحَاقَ قَالَا: ثنا أَبُو الْعَبَّاسِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ، أنبأ الرَّبِيعُ بْنُ سُلَيْمَانَ، عَنِ الشَّافِعِيِّ، أنبأ ابْنُ عُيَيْنَةَ عَنْ عَمْرٍو، عَنْ طَاوُسٍ أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ مَرَّ بِأَبِي إِسْرَائِيلَ وَهُوَ قَائِمٌ فِي الشَّمْسِ فَقَالَ: " مَا لَهُ؟ " فَقَالُوا: " نَذَرَ أَنْ لَا يَسْتَظِلَّ، وَلَا يَقْعُدَ، وَلَا يُكَلِّمَ أَحَدًا، وَيَصُومَ "، فَأَمَرَهُ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللهَ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَنْ يَسْتَظِلَّ، وَأَنْ يَقْعُدَ، وَأَنْ يُكَلِّمَ النَّاسَ، وَيُتِمَّ صَوْمَهُ، وَلَمْ يَأْمُرْهُ بِكَفَّارَةٍ ". هَذَا مُرْسَلٌ جَيِّدٌ وَفِيهِ، وَفِيمَا قَبْلَهُ، دَلَالَةٌ عَلَى أَنَّهُ لَمْ يَأْمُرْ بِكَفَّارَةٍ. وَرَوَاهُ الْحَسَنُ بْنُ عُمَارَةَ عَنْ حَبِيبِ بْنِ أَبِي ثَابِتٍ عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ جُبَيْرٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُمَا بِمِثْلِهِ، وَفِي آخِرِهِ: وَلَمْ يَأْمُرْهُ بِالْكَفَّارَةِ " وَرُوِيَ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ كُرَيْبٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُمَا، وَفِيهِ الْأَمْرُ بِالْكَفَّارَةِ " وَمُحَمَّدُ بْنُ كُرَيْبٍ ضَعِيفٌ.
Tawus (may Allah have mercy on him) narrates from the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) that he (peace and blessings be upon him) passed by Abu Isra'il (may Allah be pleased with him), who was standing in the sun, and said: "What is the matter with him?" They said that he had vowed that he would not sit, nor take shade, nor speak to anyone, and that he would fast. So he (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Let him take shade, sit down, speak to people and complete his fast," and he (peace and blessings be upon him) did not order him to make expiation.
This is a good mursal report.
It has also been narrated from Muhammad bin Kurayb, from his father, from Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both), with the order to make expiation in it; Muhammad bin Kurayb is da'if (weak).
This is a good mursal report.
It has also been narrated from Muhammad bin Kurayb, from his father, from Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both), with the order to make expiation in it; Muhammad bin Kurayb is da'if (weak).
أَخْبَرَنَاهُ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ، ثنا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ الْحَافِظُ ثنا عَلِيُّ بْنُ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ أَبِي عِيسَى، ثنا إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ نَصْرٍ السَّبَئِيُّ الشَّهِيدُ، ثنا عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ مَغْرَاءَ، أنبأ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ كُرَيْبٍ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُمَا قَالَ: قَالَ أَبُو إِسْرَائِيلَ بْنُ قُشَيْرٍ إِنَّهُ كَانَ نَذَرَ أَنْ يَصُومَ، وَلَا يَقْعُدَ، وَلَا يَسْتَظِلَّ، وَلَا يَتَكَلَّمَ "، فَأُتِيَ بِهِ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، فَقَالَ لَهُ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: " اقْعُدْ، وَاسْتَظِلَّ، وَتَكَلَّمْ، وَكَفِّرْ ". كَذَا وَجَدْتُهُ " وَكَفِّرْ " وَعِنْدِي أَنَّ ذَلِكَ تَصْحِيفٌ، إِنَّمَا هُوَ: " وَصُمْ " كَمَا هُوَ فِي سَائِرِ الرِّوَايَاتِ، وَاللهُ أَعْلَمُ.
Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) said: Abu Isra'il vowed that he would fast, not sit, not take shade and not speak either. He was brought to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), and he (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Sit, take shade, speak, and make expiation for your oath." This is how I found it, "make expiation for the oath", and in my view this is a scribal error (tashif) for "and fast", as it is in all the other narrations.
أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ، ثنا أَبُو الْعَبَّاسِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ، ثنا الْعَبَّاسُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ وَيَحْيَى بْنُ أَبِي طَالِبٍ فَرَّقَهُمَا قَالَا: ثنا أَبُو أَحْمَدَ الزُّبَيْرِيُّ، ثنا عُبَيْدُ اللهِ بْنُ إِيَادِ بْنِ لَقِيطٍ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ إِيَادِ بْنِ لَقِيطٍ قَالَ: حَدَّثَتْنِي لَيْلَى امْرَأَةُ بَشِيرِ بْنِ الْخَصَاصِيَةِ وَكَانَ اسْمُهُ قَبْلَ ذَلِكَ: زَحْمًا، فَسَمَّاهُ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: بَشِيرًا، قَالَتْ: حَدَّثَنِي بَشِيرٌ أَنَّهُ ⦗١٣١⦘ سَأَلَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ عَنْ صَوْمِ يَوْمِ الْجُمُعَةِ، وَأَنْ لَا يُكَلِّمَ ذَلِكَ الْيَوْمَ أَحَدًا؟ قَالَ: فَقَالَ لَهُ: " لَا تَصُمْ يَوْمَ الْجُمُعَةِ إِلَّا فِي أَيَّامٍ كُنْتَ تَصُومُهَا، أَوْ فِي شَهْرٍ، وَأَنْ لَا تُكَلِّمَ أَحَدًا، فَلَعَمْرِي لَأَنْ تَكَلَّمَ فَتَأْمُرَ بِمَعْرُوفٍ، أَوْ تَنْهَى عَنْ مُنْكَرٍ، خَيْرٌ مِنْ أَنْ تَسْكُتَ ".
Layla (may Allah be pleased with her), the wife of Bashir bin al-Khasasiyah (may Allah be pleased with him), said that his first name was Zahm, and the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) named him Bashir. She narrates that Sayyiduna Bashir (may Allah be pleased with him) told her that he asked the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) about fasting on Friday, and that on that day he would not speak to anyone either. He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Do not fast on Friday except among days that you were already fasting, or within a month. As for not speaking to anyone, by my life, that you speak and enjoin good or forbid evil is better than that you remain silent."
أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ، وَأَبُو الْقَاسِمِ الْحَسَنُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ حَبِيبٍ مِنْ أَصْلِهِ قَالَا: أنبأ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللهِ الصَّفَّارُ، ثنا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مِهْرَانَ، ثنا عَفَّانُ بْنُ مُسْلِمٍ الصَّفَّارُ، ثنا أَبُو عَوَانَةَ، ثنا بَيَانُ بْنُ بِشْرٍ، عَنْ قَيْسِ بْنِ أَبِي حَازِمٍ قَالَ: " دَخَلَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ الصِّدِّيقُ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ عَلَى امْرَأَةٍ مِنْ أَحْمَسَ يُقَالُ لَهَا: زَيْنَبُ، قَالَ: فَرَآهَا لَا تَكَلَّمُ، قَالَ: " مَا لِهَذِهِ لَا تَكَلَّمُ؟ "، قَالَ: فَقَالُوا: " حَجَّتْ مُصْمِتَةً فَقَالَ: " تَكَلَّمِي، فَإِنَّ هَذَا لَا يَحِلُّ، هَذَا مِنْ عَمَلِ الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ، فَتَكَلَّمَتْ، فَقَالَتْ: " مَنْ أَنْتَ؟ "، قَالَ: " أَنَا مِنَ الْمُهَاجِرِينَ "، قَالَتْ: " مِنْ أِيِّ الْمُهَاجِرِينَ؟ "، قَالَ: " مِنْ قُرَيْشٍ "، قَالَتْ: " مِنْ أِيِّ قُرَيْشٍ؟ "، قَالَ: " إِنَّكِ لَسئُولٌ، أَنَا أَبُو بَكْرٍ "، فَقَالَتْ: " مَا بَقَاؤُنَا عَلَى هَذَا الْأَمْرِ الصَّالِحِ الَّذِي جَاءَ اللهُ بِهِ بَعْدَ الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ بَعْدَ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ؟ "، قَالَ: فَقَالَ: " بَقَاؤُكُمْ عَلَيْهِ مَا اسْتَقَامَتْ أَئِمَّتُكُمْ "، قَالَتْ: " وَمَا الْأَئِمَّةُ؟ "، قَالَ: " أَمَا كَانَ لِقَوْمِكِ رُءُوسٌ وَأَشْرَافٌ يَأْمُرُونَهُمْ وَيُطِيعُونَهُمْ؟ "، قَالَتْ: " بَلَى "، قَالَ: " فَهُمْ أَمْثَالُ أُولَئِكَ يَكُونُونَ عَلَى النَّاسِ " رَوَاهُ الْبُخَارِيُّ فِي الصَّحِيحِ، عَنْ أَبِي النُّعْمَانِ، عَنْ أَبِي عَوَانَةَ.
It is reported from Qays bin Abi Hazim (may Allah have mercy on him) that Abu Bakr al-Siddiq (may Allah be pleased with him) came to a woman of the Ahmas tribe whose name was Zaynab. He saw that she would not speak, and asked: Why do you not speak? The narrator said: The people said that she had performed Hajj in silence. Abu Bakr al-Siddiq (may Allah be pleased with him) said: Speak! This is not permissible; this is a practice of the Jahiliyyah. She said: Who are you? Abu Bakr al-Siddiq (may Allah be pleased with him) said: I am one of the Muhajirun. She said: Which of the Muhajirun? He (may Allah be pleased with him) said: Of Quraysh. She said: Which of Quraysh? He said: You ask a great many questions! I am Abu Bakr. She said: How long will we remain upon this good matter which Allah brought after the Jahiliyyah, after the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him)? He said: You will remain upon it as long as your imams remain upright. She said: What is meant by imams? He said: Did your people not have chiefs and nobles who would command them and whom they would obey? She said: Of course. He said: Such are the ones who will be over the people.
أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَمْرٍو مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللهِ الْأَدِيبُ أنبأ أَبُو بَكْرٍ الْإِسْمَاعِيلِيُّ، أَخْبَرَنِي أَبُو يَعْلَى، ثنا أَبُو خَيْثَمَةَ، ثنا جَرِيرٌ، عَنْ يَزِيدَ، عَنْ زَيْدِ بْنِ وَهْبٍ، عَنْ أَبِي بَكْرٍ الصِّدِّيقِ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ، أَنَّهُ أَتَى قُبَّةَ امْرَأَةٍ، فَسَلَّمَ فَلَمْ تُكَلِّمْهُ، فَلَمْ يَتْرُكْهَا حَتَّى كَلَّمَتْهُ، قَالَتْ: " يَا عَبْدَ اللهِ، مَنْ أَنْتَ؟ "، قَالَ: " مِنَ الْمُهَاجِرِينَ "، قَالَتْ: " الْمُهَاجِرُونَ كَثِيرٌ، فَمِنْ أَيِّهِمْ أَنْتَ؟ "، قَالَ: فَقَالَ: " مِنْ قُرَيْشٍ "، قَالَتْ: " قُرَيْشٌ كَثِيرٌ، فَمِنْ أَيِّهِمْ أَنْتَ؟ "، قَالَ: " أَنَا أَبُو بَكْرٍ "، قَالَتْ: " بِأَبِي أَنْتَ وَأُمِّي كَانَ بَيْنَنَا وَبَيْنَ قَوْمٍ فِي الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ شَيْءٌ، فَحَلَفْتُ إِنِ اللهُ عَافَانَا أَنْ لَا أُكَلِّمَ أَحَدًا حَتَّى أَحُجَّ "، قَالَ: " إِنَّ الْإِسْلَامَ هَدَمَ ذَلِكَ، فَتَكَلَّمِي ".
Zayd bin Wahb (may Allah have mercy on him) narrates from Sayyiduna Abu Bakr al-Siddiq (may Allah be pleased with him) that he came to a woman's tent and greeted her with salam, but she did not speak. He did not leave her until she spoke. She said: O servant of Allah! Who are you? He said: Of the Muhajirun. She said: Which of the Muhajirun? For the Muhajirun are many. He said: Of Quraysh. She said: Quraysh are many; which of them are you? He said: I am Abu Bakr. She said: May my father and mother be sacrificed for you! There was something (a dispute) between us and a people in the Jahiliyyah, and I swore that if Allah granted us well-being, I would not speak to anyone until I had performed Hajj. He said: Islam has abolished that, so speak.
أَخْبَرَنَا الْفَقِيهُ أَبُو الْفَتْحِ الْعُمَرِيُّ، أنبأ عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ أَبِي شُرَيْحٍ، أنبأ أَبُو الْقَاسِمِ الْبَغَوِيُّ، ثنا عَلِيُّ بْنُ الْجَعْدِ، أنبأ زُهَيْرٌ، عَنْ أَبِي إِسْحَاقَ، عَنْ حَارِثَةَ بْنِ مُضَرِّبٍ قَالَ: كُنْتُ جَالِسًا عِنْدَ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ مَسْعُودٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ، فَجَاءَ رَجُلَانِ، فَسَلَّمَ أَحَدُهُمَا، وَلَمْ يُسَلِّمِ الْآخَرُ، فَقُلْنَا، أَوْ قَالَ: " مَا بَالُ صَاحِبِكَ لَمْ يُسَلِّمْ؟ " قَالَ: " إِنَّهُ نَذَرَ صَوْمًا لَا يُكَلِّمُ الْيَوْمَ إِنْسِيًّا، قَالَ عَبْدُ اللهِ: بِئْسَ مَا قُلْتَ إِنَّمَا كَانَتْ تِلْكَ امْرَأَةً، قَالَتْ ذَلِكَ لِيَكُونَ لَهَا عُذْرٌ، وَكَانُوا يُنْكِرُونَ أَنْ يَكُونَ وَلَدٌ مِنْ غَيْرِ زَوْجٍ، وَلَا زِنًا "، أَوْ: إِلَّا زِنًا، فَسَلِّمْ، وَمُرْ بِالْمَعْرُوفِ وَانْهَ عَنِ الْمُنْكَرِ خَيْرٌ مِنْ ذَلِكَ ".
Harithah bin Mudarrib (may Allah have mercy on him) said: I was sitting with Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Mas'ud (may Allah be pleased with him) when two men came. One of them gave the greeting of salam and the other did not. We said, or he said: Has your companion not given the greeting? He said: He has vowed a fast of not speaking to any human being. The narrator said: Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Mas'ud (may Allah be pleased with him) said: What you have said is wrong. Rather, that was a woman who offered it as an excuse; they rejected her child, saying it was from fornication. Enjoin good and forbid evil; that is better for you.
