السنن الكبرى للبيهقي
Sunan al-Kubra al-Bayhaqi
كتاب السير
Book of Military Expeditions
باب: لا يقطع من غل في الغنيمة ولا يحرق متاعه، ومن قال يحرق
One who steals from the war booty does not have his hand cut off nor his belongings burned, and those who said they are burned
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أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ إِسْحَاقُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ يُوسُفَ السُّوسِيُّ، ثنا أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللهِ الْبَغْدَادِيُّ، ثنا يُوسُفُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ، ثنا إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ بَشَّارٍ، ثنا سُفْيَانُ، ثنا عَمْرُو بْنُ دِينَارٍ، سَمِعَ عَمْرَو بْنَ شُعَيْبٍ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنْ جَدِّهِ، وَابْنُ عَجْلَانَ عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ شُعَيْبٍ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنْ جَدِّهِ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ لَمَّا قَفَلَ مِنْ غَزْوَةِ حُنَيْنٍ رَهِقَهُ النَّاسُ يَسْأَلُونَهُ، فَحَاصَتْ بِهِ النَّاقَةُ، فَخَطِفَتْ رِدَاءَهُ شَجَرَةٌ، فَقَالَ: " رُدُّوا عَلَيَّ رِدَائِي، أَتَخْشَوْنَ عَلَيَّ الْبُخْلَ؟ وَاللهِ لَوْ أَفَاءَ اللهُ عَلَيْكُمْ نَعَمًا مِثْلَ سَمُرِ تِهَامَةَ لَقَسَمْتُهَا بَيْنَكُمْ، ثُمَّ لَا تَجِدُونَنِي بَخِيلًا وَلَا جَبَانًا وَلَا كَذَّابًا ". ثُمَّ أَخَذَ وَبَرَةً مِنْ وَبَرِ سَنَامِ الْبَعِيرِ فَرَفَعَهَا وَقَالَ: " مَا لِي مِمَّا أَفَاءَ اللهُ عَلَيْكُمْ وَلَا مِثْلُ هَذِهِ إِلَّا الْخُمُسُ، وَالْخُمُسُ مَرْدُودٌ عَلَيْكُمْ ". فَلَمَّا كَانَ عِنْدَ قَسْمِ الْخُمُسِ أَتَاهُ رَجُلٌ يَسْتَحِلُّهُ خِيَاطًا أَوْ مِخْيَطًا فَقَالَ: " رُدُّوا الْخِيَاطَ وَالْمِخْيَطَ، فَإِنَّ الْغُلُولَ عَارٌ وَنَارٌ وَشَنَارٌ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ "..
Amr bin Shu'ayb narrates from his father, from his grandfather (may Allah be pleased with him), that when the Noble Messenger (peace and blessings be upon him) returned from the Battle of Hunayn, the people surrounded him, asking for wealth, so that the she-camel shied and his blessed cloak got caught on a tree. He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Return my cloak to me. Do you fear miserliness from me? If Allah were to grant me as many livestock as the trees of Tihamah, I would distribute all of them among you, and then you would not find me miserly, cowardly or a liar." Then he (peace and blessings be upon him) took hold of some hair from a camel's hump, raised it and said: "From the wealth Allah has granted, my share is not even this much, except the one-fifth, and the khumus too is returned to you." At the time of distributing the khumus, a man came who considered even a needle or thread from this wealth lawful for himself. He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Return the thread and the needle, for breach of trust in the spoils of war will be shame, fire and disgrace on the Day of Resurrection."
أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ، أَخْبَرَنِي أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ الْعَنَزِيُّ، ثنا عُثْمَانُ بْنُ سَعِيدٍ الدَّارِمِيُّ، ثنا مَحْبُوبُ بْنُ مُوسَى، أنبأ أَبُو إِسْحَاقَ الْفَزَارِيُّ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ شَوْذَبٍ، حَدَّثَنِي عَامِرُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْوَاحِدِ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ بُرَيْدَةَ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ عَمْرٍو رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُمَا قَالَ: كَانَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ إِذَا أَصَابَ غَنِيمَةً أَمَرَ بِلَالًا فَنَادَى فِي النَّاسِ، فَيَجِيئُونَ بِغَنَائِمِهِمْ فَيَخْمُسُهَا وَيَقْسِمُهَا، فَجَاءَ رَجُلٌ بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ بِزِمَامٍ مِنْ شَعْرٍ فَقَالَ: يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ هَذَا فِيمَا كُنَّا أَصَبْنَاهُ مِنَ الْغَنِيمَةِ قَالَ: " أَسَمِعْتَ بِلَالًا نَادَى ثَلَاثًا؟ " قَالَ: نَعَمْ، قَالَ: " فَمَا مَنَعَكَ أَنْ تَجِيءَ بِهِ؟ " قَالَ: فَاعْتَذَرَ قَالَ: " كُنْ أَنْتَ تَجِيءُ بِهِ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ فَلَنْ أَقْبَلَهُ مِنْكَ " وَقَدْ مَضَى فِي الْبَابِ قَبْلَهُ حَدِيثُ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ عَمْرٍو فِي كِرْكِرَةَ، وَلَمْ يُذْكَرْ فِي شَيْءٍ مِنْ هَذِهِ الرِّوَايَاتِ أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَمَرَ بِتَحْرِيقِ مَتَاعِ الْغَالِّ.
Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Amr (may Allah be pleased with them both) said: Whenever spoils of war were obtained, the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) would order Sayyiduna Bilal (may Allah be pleased with him): "Announce among the people that they should bring the spoils." He (peace and blessings be upon him) would take out the one-fifth and distribute the rest. After that a man came with a halter made of hair and said: O Messenger of Allah! This is from the spoils of war. He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Did you hear Bilal announce three times?" He said: Yes. He (peace and blessings be upon him) asked: "Then why did you not bring it?" He offered an excuse. He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Take it away; bring it on the Day of Resurrection, for I will never accept it from you."
(b) The hadith of Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Amr (may Allah be pleased with them both) about Kirkirah has already passed. He (peace and blessings be upon him) did not burn the belongings of the one who committed breach of trust in the spoils anywhere.
(b) The hadith of Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Amr (may Allah be pleased with them both) about Kirkirah has already passed. He (peace and blessings be upon him) did not burn the belongings of the one who committed breach of trust in the spoils anywhere.
وَفِي ذَلِكَ دَلِيلٌ عَلَى ضَعْفِ مَا: أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ، أنبأ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللهِ الْأَصْبَهَانِيُّ الزَّاهِدُ، ثنا الْحَسَنُ بْنُ عَلِيِّ بْنِ بَحْرٍ الْبُرِّيُّ، حَدَّثَنِي أَبِي، أنبأ الْوَلِيدُ بْنُ مُسْلِمٍ، ثنا زُهَيْرُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ، عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ شُعَيْبٍ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنْ جَدِّهِ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَأَبَا بَكْرٍ وَعُمَرَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُمَا أَحْرَقُوا مَتَاعَ الْغَالِّ وَمَنَعُوهُ سَهْمَهُ وَضَرَبُوهُ. هَكَذَا رَوَاهُ غَيْرُ وَاحِدٍ عَنِ الْوَلِيدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ، وَقَدْ قِيلَ عَنْهُ مُرْسَلًا.
Amr bin Shu'ayb narrates from his father, from his grandfather, that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), Abu Bakr and Umar (may Allah be pleased with them both) burned the belongings of the one who committed breach of trust in the spoils of war, withheld his share of the spoils, and also beat him.
The preceding narrations are evidence of the weakness of this report. More than one narrator reported it thus from al-Walid bin Muslim, and it has also been reported from him as mursal.
The preceding narrations are evidence of the weakness of this report. More than one narrator reported it thus from al-Walid bin Muslim, and it has also been reported from him as mursal.
أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَلِيٍّ الرُّوذْبَارِيُّ، أنبأ أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ دَاسَةَ، ثنا أَبُو دَاوُدَ، ثنا الْوَلِيدُ بْنُ عُتْبَةَ، وَعَبْدُ الْوَهَّابِ بْنُ نَجْدَةَ، قَالَا: ثنا الْوَلِيدُ، عَنْ زُهَيْرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ، عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ شُعَيْبٍ، قَوْلَهُ لَمْ يَذْكُرْ عَبْدُ الْوَهَّابِ مَنْعَ سَهْمِهِ، وَيُقَالُ: إِنَّ زُهَيْرًا هَذَا مَجْهُولٌ وَلَيْسَ بِالْمَكِّيِّ.
This (report) is also narrated as the saying of Amr bin Shu'ayb himself; Abd al-Wahhab did not mention the withholding of his share.
It is said that this Zuhayr is majhul (unknown), and he is not (Zuhayr bin Muhammad) al-Makki.
It is said that this Zuhayr is majhul (unknown), and he is not (Zuhayr bin Muhammad) al-Makki.
وَأَمَّا الْحَدِيثُ الَّذِي أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو نَصْرِ بْنُ قَتَادَةَ، وَأَبُو بَكْرٍ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ الْفَارِسِيُّ قَالَا: أنبأ أَبُو عَمْرِو بْنُ مَطَرٍ، ثنا إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ عَلِيٍّ، ثنا يَحْيَى بْنُ يَحْيَى، أنبأ عَبْدُ الْعَزِيزِ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ، ح وَأَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ، ثنا عَلِيُّ بْنُ عِيسَى، ثنا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ ⦗١٧٥⦘ نَجْدَةَ الْقُرَشِيُّ، ثنا سَعِيدُ بْنُ مَنْصُورٍ، ثنا عَبْدُ الْعَزِيزِ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ، حَدَّثَنِي صَالِحُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ زَائِدَةَ، قَالَ: دَخَلْتُ مَعَ مَسْلَمَةَ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْمَلِكِ أَرْضَ الرُّومِ فَأُتِيَ بِرَجُلٍ قَدْ غَلَّ، فَسَأَلَ سَالِمًا عَنْهُ، فَقَالَ: سَمِعْتُ أَبِي يُحَدِّثُ عَنْ عُمَرَ بْنِ الْخَطَّابِ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ، عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ: " إِذَا وَجَدْتُمُ الرَّجُلَ قَدْ غَلَّ فَأَحْرِقُوا مَتَاعَهُ وَاضْرِبُوهُ ". قَالَ: فَوَجَدْنَا فِي مَتَاعِهِ مُصْحَفًا، فَسُئِلَ سَالِمٌ عَنْهُ فَقَالَ: بِعْهُ وَتَصَدَّقْ بِثَمَنِهِ. لَفْظُ حَدِيثِ سَعِيدٍ، فَهَذَا ضَعِيفٌ.
Salih bin Muhammad bin Za'idah said: I was with Maslamah bin Abd al-Malik in the land of the Romans. A man was brought who had committed breach of trust in the spoils of war. He asked Salim about him, and he said: I heard my father narrating from Sayyiduna Umar bin al-Khattab (may Allah be pleased with him) that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "If you find a man who has committed breach of trust in the spoils of war, burn his belongings and beat him." The narrator says: We found a copy of the Qur'an among his belongings, and Salim was asked about it. He said: Sell the Qur'an and give its price in charity.
This is weak.
This is weak.
وَقَدْ أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَلِيٍّ الرُّوذْبَارِيُّ، أنبأ أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ دَاسَةَ، ثنا أَبُو دَاوُدَ، ثنا أَبُو صَالِحٍ الْأَنْطَاكِيُّ، ثنا أَبُو إِسْحَاقَ، عَنْ صَالِحِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ، قَالَ: غَزَوْنَا مَعَ الْوَلِيدِ بْنِ هِشَامٍ وَمَعَنَا سَالِمُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ عُمَرَ، وَعُمَرُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْعَزِيزِ، فَغَلَّ رَجُلٌ مَتَاعًا فَأَمَرَ الْوَلِيدُ بِمَتَاعِهِ فَأُحْرِقَ وَطِيفَ بِهِ وَلَمْ يُعْطِهِ سَهْمَهُ. قَالَ أَبُو دَاوُدَ: وَهَذَا أَصَحُّ الْحَدِيثَيْنِ، رَوَى غَيْرُ وَاحِدٍ أَنَّ الْوَلِيدَ بْنَ هِشَامٍ حَرَّقَ رَحْلَ زِيَادِ بْنِ سَعْدٍ وَكَانَ قَدْ غَلَّ، وَضَرَبَهُ..
Salih bin Muhammad (may Allah have mercy on him) said: We went on a campaign with al-Walid bin Hisham, and with us were Salim bin Abdullah bin Umar (may Allah have mercy on him) and Umar bin Abd al-Aziz (may Allah have mercy on him). A man committed breach of trust in the spoils of war, so al-Walid ordered his belongings to be burned, he was paraded around, and he was not given his share of the spoils. (b) Abu Dawud (may Allah have mercy on him) said: This is the more authentic of the two hadiths. More than one narrator reported that al-Walid bin Hisham burned the baggage of Ziyad bin Sa'd, who had committed breach of trust in the spoils of war, and beat him.
أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو بَكْرٍ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ الْفَارِسِيُّ، أَنْبَأَ أَبُو إِسْحَاقَ إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللهِ، ثنا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ سُلَيْمَانَ بْنِ فَارِسٍ، ثنا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِسْمَاعِيلَ الْبُخَارِيُّ، قَالَ: صَالِحُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ زَائِدَةَ أَبُو وَاقِدٍ اللَّيْثِيُّ الْمَدَنِيُّ تَرَكَهُ سُلَيْمَانُ بْنُ حَرْبٍ مُنْكَرُ الْحَدِيثِ، يَرْوِي عَنْ سَالِمٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ، عَنْ عُمَرَ، رَفْعَهُ: " مَنْ غَلَّ فَأَحْرِقُوا مَتَاعَهُ ". وَقَدْ رَوَى ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ، عَنْ عُمَرَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ، عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فِي الْغُلُولِ وَلَمْ يَحْرِقْ. قَالَ الْبُخَارِيُّ: وَعَلَيْهِ أَصْحَابُنَا يَحْتَجُّونَ بِهَذَا فِي الْغُلُولِ وَهَذَا بَاطِلٌ لَيْسَ بِشَيْءٍ..
Al-Bukhari said: Salih bin Muhammad bin Za'idah Abu Waqid al-Laythi al-Madani was abandoned by Sulayman bin Harb; he is munkar al-hadith (his narrations are denounced). He narrates from Salim, from Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Umar (may Allah be pleased with them both), from Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him), as a marfu' hadith: "Whoever commits breach of trust in the spoils of war, burn his belongings."
(b) Sayyiduna Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) narrated from Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him), from the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), about breach of trust in the spoils of war, and he (peace and blessings be upon him) did not burn (the belongings).
Al-Bukhari said: Our companions rely on this regarding breach of trust in the spoils, and that (report of burning) is batil (baseless); it is nothing.
(b) Sayyiduna Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) narrated from Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him), from the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), about breach of trust in the spoils of war, and he (peace and blessings be upon him) did not burn (the belongings).
Al-Bukhari said: Our companions rely on this regarding breach of trust in the spoils, and that (report of burning) is batil (baseless); it is nothing.
أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ، ثنا أَبُو الْعَبَّاسِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ، ثنا الْعَبَّاسُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ، قَالَ: سَمِعْتُ يَحْيَى بْنَ مَعِينٍ، يَقُولُ: صَالِحُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ زَائِدَةَ لَيْسَ حَدِيثُهُ بِذَاكَ.
Yahya bin Ma'in (may Allah have mercy on him) said: The hadith of Salih bin Muhammad bin Za'idah is not up to the mark.
