السنن الكبرى للبيهقي
Sunan al-Kubra al-Bayhaqi
كتاب الصداق
Book of the Dowry
باب: أحد الزوجين يموت ولم يفرض لها صداقا ولم يدخل بها
One of the spouses dies before a dowry was fixed for her and before consummation
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أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ، وَأَبُو سَعِيدِ بْنُ أَبِي عَمْرٍو قَالَا: ثنا أَبُو الْعَبَّاسِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ، أنبأ الرَّبِيعُ بْنُ سُلَيْمَانَ، أنبأ الشَّافِعِيُّ قَالَ: قَدْ رُوِيَ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ بِأَبِي هُوَ وَأُمِّي أَنَّهُ " قَضَى فِي بِرْوَعِ بِنْتِ وَاشِقٍ وَنُكِحَتْ بِغَيْرِ مَهْرٍ فَمَاتَ زَوْجُهَا فَقَضَى لَهَا بِمَهْرِ نِسَائِهَا وَقَضَى لَهَا بِالْمِيرَاثِ " فَإِنْ كَانَ يَثْبُتُ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَهُوَ أَوْلَى الْأُمُورِ بِنَا وَلَا حُجَّةَ فِي قَوْلِ أَحَدٍ دُونَ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَإِنْ كَثُرُوا وَلَا فِي قِيَاسٍ وَشَيْءٍ فِي قَوْلِهِ إِلَّا طَاعَةَ اللهِ بِالتَّسْلِيمِ لَهُ، وَإِنْ كَانَ لَا يَثْبُتُ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ لَمْ يَكُنْ لِأَحَدٍ أَنْ يُثْبِتَ عَنْهُ مَا لَمْ يَثْبُتْ وَلَمْ أَحْفَظْهُ بَعْدُ مِنْ وَجْهٍ يُثْبِتُ مِثْلَهُ هُوَ مَرَّةً، فَقَالَ مَعْقِلُ بْنُ يَسَارٍ وَمَرَّةً عَنْ مَعْقِلِ بْنِ سِنَانٍ وَمَرَّةً عَنْ بَعْضِ أَشْجَعَ لَا يُسَمَّى فَإِذَا مَاتَ أَوْ مَاتَتْ فَلَا مَهْرَ لَهَا وَلَا مُتْعَةَ قَالَ الشَّيْخُ رَحِمَهُ اللهُ فِي حَدِيثِ بِرْوَعِ بِنْتِ وَاشِقٍ: هَذَا الِاخْتِلَافُ الَّذِي ذَكَرَهُ الشَّافِعِيُّ لَكِنَّ عَبْدَ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنَ مَهْدِيٍّ إِمَامٌ مِنْ أَئِمَّةِ الْحَدِيثِ.
Imam al-Shafi'i (may Allah have mercy on him) says: It has been narrated from the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), may my father and mother be ransomed for him, that he gave judgement concerning Birwa' bint Washiq (may Allah be pleased with her), who had been married without a dowry and then her husband died: "The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) awarded her the dowry of her peers (mahr al-mithl) and awarded her inheritance." If this is established from the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), then it takes precedence over everything for us; there is no proof in the saying of anyone other than the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), however many they may be, nor in analogy; before his saying there is nothing but obedience to Allah by submitting to it. But if it is not established from the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), then no one may attribute to him what is not established; and I have not yet come to know it through a route whose like is established: once it is narrated from Ma'qil bin Yasar (may Allah be pleased with him), once from Ma'qil bin Sinan (may Allah be pleased with him), and once from some man of Ashja' who is not named.
So if the husband or the wife dies, she has neither a dowry nor provision (mut'ah).
The Shaykh (may Allah have mercy on him) said concerning the hadith of Birwa' bint Washiq: This is the disagreement that al-Shafi'i mentioned; however, Abd al-Rahman bin Mahdi is one of the imams of hadith.
So if the husband or the wife dies, she has neither a dowry nor provision (mut'ah).
The Shaykh (may Allah have mercy on him) said concerning the hadith of Birwa' bint Washiq: This is the disagreement that al-Shafi'i mentioned; however, Abd al-Rahman bin Mahdi is one of the imams of hadith.
وَقَدْ رَوَاهُ كَمَا أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ، أنبأ أَحْمَدُ بْنُ جَعْفَرٍ الْقَطِيعِيُّ، ثنا عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ حَنْبَلٍ، حَدَّثَنِي أَبِي، ثنا عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ مَهْدِيٍّ، عَنْ سُفْيَانَ، عَنْ فِرَاسٍ، عَنِ الشَّعْبِيِّ، عَنْ مَسْرُوقٍ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ، فِي رَجُلٍ تَزَوَّجَ امْرَأَةً فَمَاتَ وَلَمْ يَدْخُلْ بِهَا وَلَمْ يَفْرِضْ لَهَا قَالَ: " لَهَا الصَّدَاقُ كَامِلًا وَعَلَيْهَا الْعِدَّةُ وَلَهَا الْمِيرَاثُ " فَقَامَ مَعْقِلُ بْنُ سِنَانٍ، فَقَالَ " شَهِدْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَضَى بِهِ فِي بِرْوَعِ بِنْتِ وَاشِقٍ "، هَذَا إِسْنَادٌ صَحِيحٌ وَقَدْ سُمِّيَ فِيهِ مَعْقِلُ بْنُ سِنَانٍ وَهُوَ صَحَابِيٌّ مَشْهُورٌ، وَرَوَاهُ يَزِيدُ بْنُ هَارُونَ وَهُوَ أَحَدُ حُفَّاظِ الْحَدِيثِ مَعَ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ مَهْدِيٍّ وَغَيْرِهِ بِإِسْنَادٍ آخَرَ صَحِيحٍ كَذَلِكَ.
Masruq narrates from Sayyiduna Abdullah (may Allah be pleased with him) concerning a man who married, did not fix a dowry, did not consummate the marriage, and died. He said: "She will receive the full dowry, she must observe the waiting period (iddah), and she will also receive inheritance." Then Sayyiduna Ma'qil bin Sinan (may Allah be pleased with him) stood up and said: I bear witness that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) "made this very judgement" concerning Birwa' bint Washiq (may Allah be pleased with her).
This chain is sahih (authentic); Ma'qil bin Sinan is named in it, and he is a well-known Companion. Yazid bin Harun, one of the hadith masters (huffaz), also narrated it likewise through another sahih chain, as did Abd al-Rahman bin Mahdi and others.
This chain is sahih (authentic); Ma'qil bin Sinan is named in it, and he is a well-known Companion. Yazid bin Harun, one of the hadith masters (huffaz), also narrated it likewise through another sahih chain, as did Abd al-Rahman bin Mahdi and others.
أَخْبَرَنَاهُ أَبُو الْحُسَيْنِ عَلِيُّ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ بِشْرَانَ الْعَدْلُ بِبَغْدَادَ، أنبأ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَمْرِو بْنِ الْبَخْتَرِيِّ، ثنا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ الْوَلِيدِ الْفَحَّامُ، وَمُحَمَّدُ بْنُ ⦗٤٠٠⦘ عُبَيْدِ اللهِ بْنِ يَزِيدَ قَالَا: ثنا يَزِيدُ بْنُ هَارُونَ، أنبأ سُفْيَانُ الثَّوْرِيُّ، عَنْ مَنْصُورٍ، عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، عَنْ عَلْقَمَةَ قَالَ: أَتَى عَبْدُ اللهِ فِي امْرَأَةٍ تُوُفِّيَ عَنْهَا زَوْجُهَا وَلَمْ يَفْرِضْ لَهَا صَدَاقًا وَلَمْ يَدْخُلْ بِهَا فَتَرَدَّدُوا إِلَيْهِ وَلَمْ يَزَالُوا بِهِ حَتَّى قَالَ: إِنِّي سَأَقُولُ بِرَأْيِي " لَهَا صَدَاقُ نِسَائِهَا لَا وَكْسَ وَلَا شَطَطَ وَعَلَيْهَا الْعِدَّةُ وَلَهَا الْمِيرَاثُ " فَقَامَ مَعْقِلُ بْنُ سِنَانٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ فَشَهِدَ " أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَضَى فِي بِرْوَعِ بِنْتِ وَاشِقٍ الْأَشْجَعِيَّةِ بِمِثْلِ مَا قَضَيْتَ " فَفَرِحَ عَبْدُ اللهِ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ..
Alqamah (may Allah have mercy on him) says: The case of a woman was brought to Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Mas'ud (may Allah be pleased with him) whose husband had died after marrying her without consummating the marriage and without fixing a dowry. The people kept returning to him and kept pressing him, until at last he spoke by his own opinion: "She will receive the dowry of the women of her family, with no reduction and no excess; she must observe the waiting period (iddah), and she will also receive inheritance." Then Sayyiduna Ma'qil bin Sinan (may Allah be pleased with him) stood up and said that in his presence the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) had given the same judgement as yours concerning Birwa' bint Washiq al-Ashja'iyyah (may Allah be pleased with her). Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Mas'ud (may Allah be pleased with him) was greatly delighted.
أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَلِيٍّ الرُّوذْبَارِيُّ، أنبأ أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ دَاسَةَ، ثنا أَبُو دَاوُدَ، ثنا عُثْمَانُ بْنُ أَبِي شَيْبَةَ، ثنا يَزِيدُ بْنُ هَارُونَ، وَابْنُ مَهْدِيٍّ عَنْ سُفْيَانَ، عَنْ مَنْصُورٍ، عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، عَنْ عَلْقَمَةَ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ، فَذَكَرَهُ، وَكَذَلِكَ رَوَاهُ عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ الْوَلِيدِ الْعَدَنِيُّ عَنْ سُفْيَانَ وَقَالَ الثَّوْرِيُّ فَقَالَ مَعْقِلُ بْنُ سِنَانٍ الْأَشْجَعِيُّ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ، وَبَعْضُ الرُّوَاةِ رَوَاهُ عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّزَّاقِ عَنْ سُفْيَانَ بِهَذَا الْإِسْنَادِ الْأَخِيرِ، وَقَالَ: فَقَامَ مَعْقِلُ بْنُ يَسَارٍ، وَكَذَلِكَ ذَكَرَ بَعْضُ الرُّوَاةِ عَنْ يَزِيدَ بْنِ هَارُونَ عَنِ الثَّوْرِيِّ وَلَا أُرَاهُ إِلَّا وَهْمًا..
Abdullah bin al-Walid al-Adani also narrated it likewise from Sufyan, and (in it) al-Thawri said: Then Sayyiduna Ma'qil bin Sinan al-Ashja'i (may Allah be pleased with him) said. But Abd al-Razzaq (may Allah have mercy on him) narrates it from al-Thawri (may Allah have mercy on him) with the last chain, and at the end it says that Sayyiduna Ma'qil bin Yasar (may Allah be pleased with him) stood up and said (it). Some narrators likewise mentioned it from Yazid bin Harun, from al-Thawri.
I consider this nothing but an error (wahm).
I consider this nothing but an error (wahm).
أَخْبَرَنَا بِحَدِيثِ يَزِيدَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ، ثنا أَبُو الْعَبَّاسِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ، ثنا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِسْحَاقَ، ثنا يَزِيدُ بْنُ هَارُونَ، أنبأ سُفْيَانُ بْنُ سَعِيدٍ، فَذَكَرَهُ، وَقَالَ مَعْقِلُ بْنُ يَسَارٍ..
Sufyan bin Sa'id (may Allah have mercy on him) mentioned it and said that it was Ma'qil bin Yasar (may Allah be pleased with him).
وَأَخْبَرَنَا بِحَدِيثِ عَبْدِ الرَّزَّاقِ أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ فُورَكٍ، أنبأ عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ جَعْفَرٍ الْأَصْبَهَانِيُّ، أنبأ أَبُو مَسْعُودٍ أَحْمَدُ بْنُ الْفُرَاتِ ثنا عَبْدُ الرَّزَّاقِ، عَنْ سُفْيَانَ، فَذَكَرَ مَعْنَاهُ وَقَالَ: فَإِنْ كَانَ صَوَابًا فَمِنَ اللهِ، وَإِنْ كَانَ خَطَأً فَمِنِّي لَهَا صَدَاقُ نِسَائِهَا، وَعَلَيْهَا الْعِدَّةُ، وَلَهَا الْمِيرَاثُ، فَقَامَ مَعْقِلُ بْنُ يَسَارٍ، وَهَذَا وَهْمٌ، وَالصَّوَابُ مَعْقِلُ بْنُ سِنَانٍ كَمَا رَوَاهُ عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ مَهْدِيٍّ وَغَيْرُهُ، وَاللهُ أَعْلَمُ.
Abd al-Razzaq narrates the same meaning from Sufyan: "If it is correct, it is from Allah, and if it is a mistake, it is from me." Then he said: "She has the dowry of her peers (mahr al-mithl), she must observe the waiting period, and she also has inheritance." And Ma'qil bin Yasar (may Allah be pleased with him) stood up. This is an error; the correct name is Ma'qil bin Sinan (may Allah be pleased with him).
أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ، أنبأ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَلِيٍّ الشَّيْبَانِيُّ بِالْكُوفَةِ ثنا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ حَازِمِ بْنِ أَبِي غَرَزَةَ، ثنا إِسْمَاعِيلُ بْنُ الْخَلِيلِ، ثنا عَلِيُّ بْنُ مُسْهِرٍ، ثنا دَاوُدُ بْنُ أَبِي هِنْدٍ، عَنِ الشَّعْبِيِّ، عَنْ عَلْقَمَةَ بْنِ قَيْسٍ، أَنَّ قَوْمًا أَتَوْا عَبْدَ اللهِ بْنَ مَسْعُودٍ فَقَالُوا لَهُ: إِنَّ رَجُلًا مِنَّا تَزَوَّجَ امْرَأَةً وَلَمْ يَفْرِضْ لَهَا صَدَاقًا وَلَمْ يَجْمَعْهَا إِلَيْهِ حَتَّى مَاتَ، فَقَالَ لَهُمْ عَبْدُ اللهِ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ " مَا سُئِلْتُ عَنْ شَيْءٍ مُنْذُ فَارَقْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَشَدَّ عَلَيَّ مِنْ هَذِهِ فَأْتُوا غَيْرِي قَالَ: قَالَ: فَاخْتَلَفُوا إِلَيْهِ فِيهَا شَهْرًا ثُمَّ قَالُوا لَهُ فِي آخِرِ ذَلِكَ: مَنْ يَسْأَلُ إِذَا لَمْ يَسْأَلْكَ وَأَنْتَ ⦗٤٠١⦘ أُخَيَّةُ أَصْحَابِ مُحَمَّدٍ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فِي هَذَا الْبَلَدِ وَلَا نَجِدُ غَيْرَكَ فَقَالَ سَأَقُولُ فِيهَا بِجَهْدِ رَأْيِي فَإِنْ كَانَ صَوَابًا فَمِنَ اللهِ وَحْدَهُ لَا شَرِيكَ لَهُ، وَإِنْ كَانَ خَطَأً فَمِنِّي وَاللهُ وَرَسُولُهُ مِنْهُ بَرِيءٌ أَرَى أَنْ " أَجْعَلَ لَهَا صَدَاقًا كَصَدَاقِ نِسَائِهَا وَلَا وَكْسَ وَلَا شَطَطَ وَلَهَا الْمِيرَاثُ وعليها الْعِدَّةُ أَرْبَعَةَ أَشْهُرٍ وَعَشْرًا " قَالَ: وَذَلِكَ يَسْمَعُ ناسٌ مِنْ أَشْجَعَ فَقَامُوا فَقَالُوا: نَشْهَدُ أَنَّكَ قَضَيْتَ بِمِثْلِ الَّذِي قَضَى بِهِ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فِي امْرَأَةٍ مِنَّا يُقَالُ لَهَا بِرْوَعُ بِنْتُ وَاشِقٍ قَالَ: فَمَا رُئِيَ عَبْدُ اللهِ فَرِحَ يَوْمَئِذٍ لِشَيْءٍ مَا فَرِحَ إِلَّا بِإِسْلَامِهِ ثُمَّ قَالَ: اللهُمَّ إِنْ كَانَ صَوَابًا فَمِنْكَ وَحْدَكَ لَا شَرِيكَ لَكَ وَإِنْ كَانَ خَطَأً فَمِنِّي وَمِنَ الشَّيْطَانِ، وَاللهُ وَرَسُولُهُ مِنْهُ بَرِيءٌ وَرَوَاهُ إِسْمَاعِيلُ بْنُ أَبِي خَالِدٍ عَنِ الشَّعْبِيِّ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ مَسْعُودٍ فَقَالَ فِيهِ فَقَامَ مَعْقِلُ بْنُ سِنَانٍ الْأَشْجَعِيُّ وَرَوَاهُ ابْنُ عَوْنٍ عَنِ الشَّعْبِيِّ عَنْ رَجُلٍ عَنِ ابْنِ مَسْعُودٍ وَقَالَ فِيهِ فَقَالَ الْأَشْجَعِيُّ.
Alqamah bin Qays (may Allah have mercy on him) says: Some people came to Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Mas'ud (may Allah be pleased with him) and said to him: A man from among us married, but did not consummate the marriage with his wife nor fix a dowry for her, and he died. Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Mas'ud (may Allah be pleased with him) said: Since I parted from the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), I have never been faced with a question as hard as this one. Go to someone else. They kept coming back to him about it for a month, and at last they said to Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Mas'ud (may Allah be pleased with him): If we do not ask you, whom should we ask? In this town you alone are a Companion of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him); there is no one else. He said: Then I will speak by my own opinion. If it is correct, it is from Allah, and if it is wrong, it is from me, and Allah and His Messenger (peace and blessings be upon him) are free of it. My view is that she has a dowry like the dowry of the women of her family, with no reduction and no excess; she has inheritance, and she must observe a waiting period (iddah) of four months and ten days. People of the tribe of Ashja' were also hearing this ruling, and they said: We bear witness that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) gave a judgement like yours concerning a woman of ours, Birwa' bint Washiq (may Allah be pleased with her). Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Mas'ud (may Allah be pleased with him) had never experienced such great joy, except at his embracing Islam. Then he said: O Allah! If this is correct, it is from You alone, and if it is wrong, it is from me and from Satan, and Allah and His Messenger (peace and blessings be upon him) are free of it.
أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ، وَأَبُو مُحَمَّدٍ عُبَيْدُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مَهْدِيٍّ الْقُشَيْرِيُّ قَالَا: ثنا أَبُو الْعَبَّاسِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ، ثنا يَحْيَى بْنُ أَبِي طَالِبٍ، أنبأ عَبْدُ الْوَهَّابِ بْنُ عَطَاءٍ، أنبأ سَعِيدُ بْنُ أَبِي عَرُوبَةَ، عَنْ قَتَادَةَ، عَنْ أَبِي حَسَّانَ، وَخِلَاسِ بْنِ عَمْرٍو، كِلَاهُمَا يُحَدِّثَانِ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ عُتْبَةَ بْنِ مَسْعُودٍ، أَنَّ ابْنَ مَسْعُودٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ أُتِيَ فِي رَجُلٍ تَزَوَّجَ امْرَأَةً فَمَاتَ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَدْخُلَ بِهَا وَلَمْ يُسَمِّ لَهَا صَدَاقًا فَاخْتَلَفُوا إِلَيْهِ فِي ذَلِكَ شَهْرًا أَوْ قَرِيبًا مِنْ شَهْرٍ فَقَالُوا: لَا بُدَّ أَنْ تَقُولَ فِيهَا قَالَ: " أَقْضِي أَنَّ لَهَا صَدَاقَ امْرَأَةٍ مِنْ نِسَائِهَا لَا وَكْسَ وَلَا شَطَطَ وَلَهَا الْمِيرَاثُ، وَعَلَيْهَا الْعِدَّةُ فَإِنْ يَكُنْ صَوَابًا فَمِنَ اللهِ، وَإِنْ يَكُنْ خَطَأً فَمِنْ نَفْسِي وَمِنَ الشَّيْطَانِ، وَاللهُ وَرَسُولُهُ بَرِيئَانِ مِنْ ذَلِكَ " فَقَامَ رَهْطٌ مِنْ أَشْجَعَ فِيهِمُ الْجَرَّاحُ وَأَبُو سِنَانٍ فَقَالُوا: نَشْهَدُ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَضَى فِي امْرَأَةٍ مِنَّا يُقَالُ لَهَا بِرْوَعُ بِنْتُ وَاشِقٍ وَكَانَ زَوْجُهَا يُقَالُ لَهُ هِلَالُ بْنُ مُرَّةَ الْأَشْجَعِيُّ فَفَرِحَ ابْنُ مَسْعُودٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ فَرَحًا شَدِيدًا حِينَ وَافَقَ قَضَاؤُهُ قَضَاءَ رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَرَوَاهُ هَمَّامُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ قَتَادَةَ عَنْ أَبِي حَسَّانَ، وَرَوَاهُ هِشَامٌ الدَّسْتُوَائِيُّ عَنْ قَتَادَةَ عَنْ خِلَاسٍ قَالَ الشَّيْخُ: هَذَا الِاخْتِلَافُ فِي تَسْمِيَةِ مَنْ رَوَى قِصَّةَ بِرْوَعِ بِنْتِ وَاشِقٍ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ لَا يُوهِنُ الْحَدِيثَ فَإِنَّ جَمِيعَ هَذِهِ الرِّوَايَاتِ أَسَانِيدُهَا صِحَاحٌ وَفِي بَعْضِهَا مَا دَلَّ عَلَى أَنَّ ⦗٤٠٢⦘ جَمَاعَةً مِنْ أَشْجَعَ شَهِدُوا بِذَلِكَ فَكَأَنَّ الرِّوَايَةَ سَمَّى مِنْهُمْ وَاحِدًا، وَبَعْضُهُمْ سَمَّى اثْنَيْنِ، وَبَعْضُهُمْ أَطْلَقَ وَلَمْ يُسَمِّ وَمِثْلُهُ لَا يَرُدُّ الْحَدِيثَ وَلَوْلَا ثِقَةُ مَنْ رَوَاهُ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ لَمَا كَانَ لِفَرَحِ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ مَسْعُودٍ بِرِوَايَتِهِ مَعْنًى وَاللهُ أَعْلَمُ.
Abdullah bin Utbah bin Mas'ud (may Allah have mercy on him) says: The case of a man was brought to Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Mas'ud (may Allah be pleased with him) who had married, neither consummated the marriage with his wife nor fixed a dowry, and then died. They went back and forth over it for a month or nearly a month, and at last they said to Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Mas'ud (may Allah be pleased with him): You must say something about it. He said: She has the dowry of her peers (mahr al-mithl), with no reduction and no excess; she will have inheritance and she must observe the waiting period. If it is correct, it is from Allah, and if it is wrong, it is from me and from Satan, and Allah and His Messenger are free of it. In that group were some people of the tribe of Ashja', among them al-Jarrah and Abu Sinan (may Allah be pleased with them), and they said that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) had judged in this way concerning a woman of ours, Birwa' bint Washiq, whose husband was Hilal bin Murrah al-Ashja'i. Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Mas'ud (may Allah be pleased with him) was greatly delighted at this agreement.
The Shaykh says: In narrating the story of Birwa' bint Washiq, some named someone and some left it unnamed; this does not make the hadith weak, because all the chains are sahih (authentic).
The Shaykh says: In narrating the story of Birwa' bint Washiq, some named someone and some left it unnamed; this does not make the hadith weak, because all the chains are sahih (authentic).
