السنن الكبرى للبيهقي
Sunan al-Kubra al-Bayhaqi
كتاب الصداق
Book of the Dowry
باب: من قال: لا صداق لها
One who said: she has no dowry
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أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو زَكَرِيَّا بْنُ أَبِي إِسْحَاقَ الْمُزَكِّي، ثنا أَبُو الْعَبَّاسِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ، أنبأ الرَّبِيعُ بْنُ سُلَيْمَانَ، أنبأ الشَّافِعِيُّ، أنبأ مَالِكٌ، عَنْ نَافِعٍ، أَنَّ ابْنَةَ عُبَيْدِ اللهِ بْنِ عُمَرَ، وَأُمُّهَا ابْنَةُ زَيْدِ بْنِ الْخَطَّابِ، كَانَتْ تَحْتَ ابْنٍ لِعَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ عُمَرَ فَمَاتَ وَلَمْ يَدْخُلْ بِهَا وَلَمْ يُسَمِّ لَهَا صَدَاقًا فَابْتَغَتْ أُمُّهَا صَدَاقَهَا، فَقَالَ ابْنُ عُمَرَ: " لَيْسَ لَهَا صَدَاقٌ وَلَوْ كَانَ لَهَا صَدَاقٌ لَمْ نَمْنَعْكُمُوهُ وَلَمْ يَظْلِمْهَا " فَأَبَتْ أَنْ تَقْبَلَ ذَلِكَ فَجَعَلُوا بَيْنَهُمْ زَيْدَ بْنَ ثَابِتٍ " فَقَضَى أَنْ لَا صَدَاقَ لَهَا وَلَهَا الْمِيرَاثُ ".
Nafi' (may Allah have mercy on him) says that the daughter of Ubaydullah bin Umar, whose mother was the daughter of Sayyiduna Zayd bin al-Khattab (may Allah be pleased with him), was married to a son of Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Umar (may Allah be pleased with them both). He died before consummating the marriage and before a dowry was fixed, so her mother demanded her dowry. Sayyiduna Ibn Umar (may Allah be pleased with them both) said: "She has no dowry; had she been owed a dowry, we would not have withheld it from you, nor would he have wronged her." The woman refused to accept this, so they made Sayyiduna Zayd bin Thabit (may Allah be pleased with him) arbiter, and he ruled that she receives inheritance but no dowry.
وَأَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو حَازِمٍ الْحَافِظُ، أنبأ أَبُو الْفَضْلِ بْنُ خُمَيْرَوَيْهِ، ثنا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ نَجْدَةَ، ثنا سَعِيدُ بْنُ مَنْصُورٍ، ثنا هُشَيْمٌ، أنبأ يَحْيَى بْنُ سَعِيدٍ، عَنْ سُلَيْمَانَ بْنِ يَسَارٍ، أَنَّ ابْنَ عُمَرَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُمَا زَوَّجَ ابْنًا لَهُ ابْنَةَ أَخِيهِ عُبَيْدِ اللهِ بْنِ عُمَرَ وَابْنُهُ صَغِيرٌ يَوْمَئِذٍ وَلَمْ يَفْرِضْ لَهَا صَدَاقًا فَمَكَثَ الْغُلَامُ مَا مَكَثَ ثُمَّ مَاتَ فَخَاصَمَ خَالُ الْجَارِيَةِ ابْنَ عُمَرَ إِلَى زَيْدِ بْنِ ثَابِتٍ، فَقَالَ: ابْنُ عُمَرَ لِزَيْدٍ إِنِّي زَوَّجْتُ ابْنِي وَأَنَا أُحَدِّثُ نَفْسِي أَنْ أَصْنَعَ بِهِ خَيْرًا فَمَاتَ قَبْلَ ذَلِكَ وَلَمْ يَفْرِضْ لِلْجَارِيَةِ صَدَاقًا، فَقَالَ زَيْدٌ: " فَلَهَا الْمِيرَاثُ إِنْ كَانَ لِلْغُلَامِ مَالٌ وَعَلَيْهَا الْعِدَّةُ وَلَا صَدَاقَ لَهَا ".
Sulayman bin Yasar (may Allah have mercy on him) says: Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Umar (may Allah be pleased with them both) married his son to his brother's daughter while his son was still young at that time, and no dowry was fixed. After living for some time the boy died, and the girl's maternal uncle brought the dispute with Ibn Umar before Sayyiduna Zayd bin Thabit (may Allah be pleased with him). Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Umar (may Allah be pleased with them both) said: I married off my son intending to do good for him, but he died before that, and no dowry had been fixed for the girl. Sayyiduna Zayd bin Thabit (may Allah be pleased with him) said: The girl will receive inheritance if the boy had wealth, and she must observe the waiting period, but she will not receive a dowry.
وَبِمَعْنَاهُ قَالَ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ وَذَلِكَ فِيمَا رَوَاهُ سُفْيَانُ الثَّوْرِيُّ عَنْ عَبْدِ الْمَلِكِ بْنِ جُرَيْجٍ، عَنْ عَطَاءٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ، أَخْبَرَنَاهُ أَبُو بَكْرٍ الْأَرْدَسْتَانِيُّ، أنبأ أَبُو نَصْرٍ الْعِرَاقِيُّ، أنبأ سُفْيَانُ الْجَوْهَرِيُّ، ثنا عَلِيُّ بْنُ الْحَسَنِ، ثنا عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ الْوَلِيدِ، ثنا سُفْيَانُ، فَذَكَرَهُ وَكَذَلِكَ رُوِيَ عَنْ عَلِيٍّ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ.
Sayyiduna Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) said the same in meaning; that is in what Sufyan al-Thawri narrated from Abd al-Malik bin Jurayj, from Ata, from Ibn Abbas. Likewise it has been narrated from Sayyiduna Ali (may Allah be pleased with him).
أَخْبَرَنَا عَلِيُّ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ بِشْرَانَ الْعَدْلُ، أنبأ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ ⦗٤٠٣⦘ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَمْرٍو الرَّزَّازُ ثنا يَحْيَى بْنُ جَعْفَرٍ، أنبأ عَلِيُّ بْنُ عَاصِمٍ، أنبأ عَطَاءُ بْنُ السَّائِبِ، حَدَّثَنِي عَبْدُ خَيْرٍ قَالَ: كَانَ عَلِيٌّ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ يَقُولُ: " لَهَا الْمِيرَاثُ وَعَلَيْهَا الْعِدَّةُ وَلَا صَدَاقَ لَهَا ".
Abd Khayr says that Sayyiduna Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) said: She will receive inheritance and must observe the waiting period, but she will not receive a dowry.
وَأَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو حَازِمٍ الْحَافِظُ، أنا أَبُو الْفَضْلِ بْنُ خَمِيرَوَيْهِ، ثنا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ نَجْدَةَ، ثنا سَعِيدُ بْنُ مَنْصُورٍ، ثنا خَالِدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللهِ، عَنْ عَطَاءِ بْنِ السَّائِبِ، عَنْ عَبْدِ خَيْرٍ، عَنْ عَلِيٍّ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ أَنَّهُ قَالَ: فِي الْمُتَوَفَّى عَنْهَا وَلَمْ يَفْرِضْ لَهَا صَدَاقًا " لَهَا الْمِيرَاثُ وَلَا صَدَاقَ لَهَا " قَالَ وَحَدَّثَنَا خَالِدٌ، عَنْ مُطَرِّفٍ، عَنِ الْحَكَمِ، عَنْ عَلِيٍّ، مِثْلَ ذَلِكَ.
Abd Khayr (may Allah have mercy on him) narrates from Sayyiduna Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) that the woman whose husband died without a dowry having been fixed will receive inheritance but will not receive a dowry.
قَالَ: وَحَدَّثَنَا هُشَيْمٌ، أنبأ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ سَالِمٍ، عَنِ الشَّعْبِيِّ، عَنْ عَلِيٍّ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ أَنَّهُ قَالَ: " لَهَا الْمِيرَاثُ وَعَلَيْهَا الْعِدَّةُ وَلَا صَدَاقَ لَهَا ".
Al-Sha'bi (may Allah have mercy on him) narrates from Sayyiduna Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) that this woman will receive inheritance and must also observe the waiting period, but she will not be given a dowry.
قَالَ: وَحَدَّثَنَا هُشَيْمٌ، أنبأ أَبُو إِسْحَاقَ الْكُوفِيُّ، عَنْ مَزِيدَةَ بْنِ جَابِرٍ، أَنَّ عَلِيًّا رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ: " لَا يُقْبَلُ قَوْلُ أَعْرَابِيٍّ مِنْ أَشْجَعَ عَلَى كِتَابِ اللهِ " وَرُوِّينَا عَنْ أَبِي الشَّعْثَاءِ جَابِرِ بْنِ زَيْدٍ، وَعَطَاءِ بْنِ أَبِي رَبَاحٍ أَنَّهُمَا قَالَا: " لَيْسَ لَهَا إِلَّا الْمِيرَاثُ ".
Sayyiduna Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) said: "The word of a Bedouin from Ashja' is not accepted against the Book of Allah."
It is reported from Abu al-Sha'tha' Jabir bin Zayd (may Allah have mercy on him) and Ata' bin Abi Rabah (may Allah have mercy on him) that the woman receives only the inheritance.
It is reported from Abu al-Sha'tha' Jabir bin Zayd (may Allah have mercy on him) and Ata' bin Abi Rabah (may Allah have mercy on him) that the woman receives only the inheritance.
