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السنن الكبرى للبيهقي
Sunan al-Kubra al-Bayhaqi
كتاب الصداق
Book of the Dowry
باب: أحد الزوجين يموت ولم يفرض لها صداقا ولم يدخل بها
Chapter: One of the spouses dies before a dowry was fixed for her and before consummation
Bayhaqi 14417 — One of the spouses dies before a dowry was fixed
اُردوEn
أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ، وَأَبُو مُحَمَّدٍ عُبَيْدُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مَهْدِيٍّ الْقُشَيْرِيُّ قَالَا: ثنا أَبُو الْعَبَّاسِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ، ثنا يَحْيَى بْنُ أَبِي طَالِبٍ، أنبأ عَبْدُ الْوَهَّابِ بْنُ عَطَاءٍ، أنبأ سَعِيدُ بْنُ أَبِي عَرُوبَةَ، عَنْ قَتَادَةَ، عَنْ أَبِي حَسَّانَ، وَخِلَاسِ بْنِ عَمْرٍو، كِلَاهُمَا يُحَدِّثَانِ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ عُتْبَةَ بْنِ مَسْعُودٍ، أَنَّ ابْنَ مَسْعُودٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ أُتِيَ فِي رَجُلٍ تَزَوَّجَ امْرَأَةً فَمَاتَ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَدْخُلَ بِهَا وَلَمْ يُسَمِّ لَهَا صَدَاقًا فَاخْتَلَفُوا إِلَيْهِ فِي ذَلِكَ شَهْرًا أَوْ قَرِيبًا مِنْ شَهْرٍ فَقَالُوا: لَا بُدَّ أَنْ تَقُولَ فِيهَا قَالَ: " أَقْضِي أَنَّ لَهَا صَدَاقَ امْرَأَةٍ مِنْ نِسَائِهَا لَا وَكْسَ وَلَا شَطَطَ وَلَهَا الْمِيرَاثُ، وَعَلَيْهَا الْعِدَّةُ فَإِنْ يَكُنْ صَوَابًا فَمِنَ اللهِ، وَإِنْ يَكُنْ خَطَأً فَمِنْ نَفْسِي وَمِنَ الشَّيْطَانِ، وَاللهُ وَرَسُولُهُ بَرِيئَانِ مِنْ ذَلِكَ " فَقَامَ رَهْطٌ مِنْ أَشْجَعَ فِيهِمُ الْجَرَّاحُ وَأَبُو سِنَانٍ فَقَالُوا: نَشْهَدُ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَضَى فِي امْرَأَةٍ مِنَّا يُقَالُ لَهَا بِرْوَعُ بِنْتُ وَاشِقٍ وَكَانَ زَوْجُهَا يُقَالُ لَهُ هِلَالُ بْنُ مُرَّةَ الْأَشْجَعِيُّ فَفَرِحَ ابْنُ مَسْعُودٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ فَرَحًا شَدِيدًا حِينَ وَافَقَ قَضَاؤُهُ قَضَاءَ رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَرَوَاهُ هَمَّامُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ قَتَادَةَ عَنْ أَبِي حَسَّانَ، وَرَوَاهُ هِشَامٌ الدَّسْتُوَائِيُّ عَنْ قَتَادَةَ عَنْ خِلَاسٍ قَالَ الشَّيْخُ: هَذَا الِاخْتِلَافُ فِي تَسْمِيَةِ مَنْ رَوَى قِصَّةَ بِرْوَعِ بِنْتِ وَاشِقٍ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ لَا يُوهِنُ الْحَدِيثَ فَإِنَّ جَمِيعَ هَذِهِ الرِّوَايَاتِ أَسَانِيدُهَا صِحَاحٌ وَفِي بَعْضِهَا مَا دَلَّ عَلَى أَنَّ ⦗٤٠٢⦘ جَمَاعَةً مِنْ أَشْجَعَ شَهِدُوا بِذَلِكَ فَكَأَنَّ الرِّوَايَةَ سَمَّى مِنْهُمْ وَاحِدًا، وَبَعْضُهُمْ سَمَّى اثْنَيْنِ، وَبَعْضُهُمْ أَطْلَقَ وَلَمْ يُسَمِّ وَمِثْلُهُ لَا يَرُدُّ الْحَدِيثَ وَلَوْلَا ثِقَةُ مَنْ رَوَاهُ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ لَمَا كَانَ لِفَرَحِ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ مَسْعُودٍ بِرِوَايَتِهِ مَعْنًى وَاللهُ أَعْلَمُ.
Abdullah bin Utbah bin Mas'ud (may Allah have mercy on him) says: The case of a man was brought to Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Mas'ud (may Allah be pleased with him) who had married, neither consummated the marriage with his wife nor fixed a dowry, and then died. They went back and forth over it for a month or nearly a month, and at last they said to Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Mas'ud (may Allah be pleased with him): You must say something about it. He said: She has the dowry of her peers (mahr al-mithl), with no reduction and no excess; she will have inheritance and she must observe the waiting period. If it is correct, it is from Allah, and if it is wrong, it is from me and from Satan, and Allah and His Messenger are free of it. In that group were some people of the tribe of Ashja', among them al-Jarrah and Abu Sinan (may Allah be pleased with them), and they said that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) had judged in this way concerning a woman of ours, Birwa' bint Washiq, whose husband was Hilal bin Murrah al-Ashja'i. Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Mas'ud (may Allah be pleased with him) was greatly delighted at this agreement.
The Shaykh says: In narrating the story of Birwa' bint Washiq, some named someone and some left it unnamed; this does not make the hadith weak, because all the chains are sahih (authentic).
The Shaykh says: In narrating the story of Birwa' bint Washiq, some named someone and some left it unnamed; this does not make the hadith weak, because all the chains are sahih (authentic).
