السنن الكبرى للبيهقي
Sunan al-Kubra al-Bayhaqi
كتاب قسم الفيء والغنيمة
Book of the Division of Fai and Spoils of War
باب: ما جاء في تخميس السلب
Reports on taking the fifth from the spoils of a slain enemy
Toggle above to switch between keyword search and direct hadith lookup
أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَلِيٍّ الرُّوذْبَارِيُّ، أنا أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ دَاسَةَ، ثنا أَبُو دَاوُدَ، ثنا سَعِيدُ بْنُ مَنْصُورٍ، ثنا إِسْمَاعِيلُ بْنُ عَيَّاشٍ، عَنْ صَفْوَانَ بْنِ عَمْرٍو، عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ جُبَيْرِ بْنِ نُفَيْرٍ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنْ عَوْفِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ الْأَشْجَعِيِّ، وَخَالِدِ بْنِ الْوَلِيدِ، أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ " قَضَى فِي السَّلَبِ لِلْقَاتِلِ، وَلَمْ يُخَمِّسِ السَّلَبَ ".
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Awf bin Malik and Sayyiduna Khalid bin al-Walid (may Allah be pleased with them both) that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) ruled concerning the salab (the slain man's gear) that "it belongs to the killer," and did not take the khumus (one-fifth) from it.
وَأَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَلِيٍّ الرُّوذْبَارِيُّ، أنا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ بَكْرٍ، ثنا أَبُو دَاوُدَ، ثنا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ حَنْبَلٍ، ثنا الْوَلِيدُ بْنُ مُسْلِمٍ، حَدَّثَنِي صَفْوَانُ، عَنْ عَمْرٍو، عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ جُبَيْرِ بْنِ نُفَيْرٍ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنْ عَوْفِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ الْأَشْجَعِيِّ قَالَ: خَرَجْتُ مَعَ زَيْدِ بْنِ حَارِثَةَ فِي غَزْوَةِ مُؤْتَةَ، وَرَافَقَنِي مَدَدِيٌّ مِنْ أَهْلِ الْيَمَنِ لَيْسَ مَعَهُ غَيْرُ سَيْفِهِ، فَجَزَرَ رَجُلٌ مِنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ جَزُورًا، فَسَأَلَهُ الْمَدَدِيُّ طَائِفَةً مِنْ جِلْدِهِ، فَأَعْطَاهُ إِيَّاهُ، فَاتَّخَذَهُ كَهَيْئَةِ الدَّرَقِ، وَمَضَيْنَا فَلَقِينَا جُمُوعَ الرُّومِ، وَفِيهِمْ رَجُلٌ عَلَى فَرَسٍ لَهُ أَشْقَرَ، عَلَيْهِ سَرْجٌ مُذَهَّبٌ، وَسِلَاحٌ مُذَهَّبٌ، فَجَعَلَ الرُّومِيُّ يَفْرِي بِالْمُسْلِمِينَ، وَقَعَدَ لَهُ الْمَدَدِيُّ خَلْفَ صَخْرَةٍ، فَمَرَّ بِهِ الرُّومِيُّ، فَعَرْقَبَ فَرَسَهُ فَخَّرَّ، وَعَلَاهُ فَقَتَلَهُ وَحَازَ فَرَسَهُ وَسِلَاحَهُ، فَلَمَّا فَتَحَ اللهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ لِلْمُسْلِمِينَ بَعَثَ إِلَيْهِ خَالِدُ بْنُ الْوَلِيدِ فَأَخَذَ مِنَ السَّلَبِ، قَالَ عَوْفٌ: فَأَتَيْتُهُ فَقُلْتُ: يَا خَالِدُ، أَمَا عَلِمْتَ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَضَى بِالسَّلَبِ لِلْقَاتِلِ؟ قَالَ: بَلَى، وَلَكِنِّي اسْتَكْثَرْتُهُ، قُلْتُ: لَتَرُدَّنَّهُ إِلَيْهِ أَوْ لَأُعَرِّفَنَّكَهَا عِنْدَ رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، قَالَ: لَنْ نَرُدَّ عَلَيْهِ، قَالَ عَوْفٌ: فَاجْتَمَعْنَا عِنْدَ رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، فَقَصَصْتُ عَلَيْهِ قِصَّةَ الْمَدَدِيِّ وَمَا فَعَلَ خَالِدٌ، فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: " يَا خَالِدُ، مَا حَمَلَكَ عَلَى مَا صَنَعْتَ؟ قََالَ: يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ اسْتَكْثَرْتُهُ، فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: " يَا خَالِد، رُدَّ عَلَيْهِ مَا أَخَذْتَ مِنْهُ "، قَالَ عَوْفٌ: فَقُلْتُ: دُونَكَ يَا خَالِدُ، أَلَمْ أَفِ لَكَ؟ فَقَالَ ⦗٥٠٦⦘ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: " وَمَا ذَاكَ؟ " فَأَخْبَرْتُهُ، قَالَ: فَغَضِبَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَقَالَ: " يَا خَالِدُ، لَا تَرُدَّ عَلَيْهِ، هَلْ أَنْتُمْ تَارِكُو لِي أُمَرَائِي، لَكُمْ صَفْوَةُ أَمْرِهِمْ، وَعَلَيْهِمْ كَدَرُهُ؟ " رَوَاهُ مُسْلِمٌ فِي الصَّحِيحِ عَنْ زُهَيْرِ بْنِ حَرْبٍ عَنِ الْوَلِيدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ..
Awf bin Malik (may Allah be pleased with him) said: I went out with Zayd bin Harithah (may Allah be pleased with him) on the expedition of Mu'tah, and a madadi (a man who had come as reinforcement) from the people of Yemen became my companion; he had nothing with him except his sword. A man from the Muslims slaughtered a camel, and the madadi asked him for a piece of its hide. He gave it to him, and he made it into something like a shield. We went on and met the hosts of the Romans. Among them was a man on a reddish horse, with a gilded saddle and gilded weapons, and the Roman began attacking the Muslims fiercely. The madadi sat in wait for him behind a rock. When the Roman passed by, he hamstrung his horse and it fell; he got on top of him and killed him (the Roman), and took possession of his horse and weapons. When Allah granted victory to the Muslims, Khalid bin al-Walid (may Allah be pleased with him) sent for him and took the salab (the slain man's gear) from him. Awf (may Allah be pleased with him) said: I came and said to Khalid (may Allah be pleased with him): Do you not know that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) ruled that the salab belongs to the killer? Khalid (may Allah be pleased with him) said: Yes, but I considered it too much. I said: You must return it to him, or I will mention it before the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him). Khalid (may Allah be pleased with him) refused to return it. Awf (may Allah be pleased with him) said: We gathered before the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), and I related to him (peace and blessings be upon him) the story of the madadi and what Khalid (may Allah be pleased with him) had done. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "O Khalid, why did you do this?" Khalid (may Allah be pleased with him) said: O Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), I considered it too much. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "O Khalid, return to him what you took from him." Awf (may Allah be pleased with him) said: I said: There you are, O Khalid! Did I not make good on my word to you? The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "What is the matter?" I told him (peace and blessings be upon him), and the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) became angry and said: "O Khalid, do not return it to him. Will you not leave my commanders alone for my sake? You have the clear part of their affairs, and the murky part of it falls on them."
أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَلِيٍّ، أنا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ بَكْرٍ، ثنا أَبُو دَاوُدَ، ثنا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ حَنْبَلٍ، ثنا الْوَلِيدُ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ ثَوْرًا عَنْ هَذَا الْحَدِيثِ، فَحَدَّثَنِي عَنْ خَالِدِ بْنِ مَعْدَانَ، عَنْ جُبَيْرِ بْنِ نُفَيْرٍ، عَنْ عَوْفِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ الْأَشْجَعِيِّ، نَحْوَهُ..
Jubayr bin Nufayr (may Allah have mercy on him) narrated something similar from Awf bin Malik (may Allah be pleased with him).
أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ، أَخْبَرَنِي أَبُو عَمْرِو بْنُ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ، أنا عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ، ثنا إِسْحَاقُ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ ح، قَالَ: وَأَخْبَرَنِي مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ إِسْمَاعِيلَ، ثنا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِسْحَاقَ، ثنا عَلِيُّ بْنُ سَهْلٍ الرَّمْلِيُّ، قَالَا: ثنا الْوَلِيدُ بْنُ مُسْلِمٍ، عَنْ صَفْوَانَ بْنِ عَمْرٍو، عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ جُبَيْرِ بْنِ نُفَيْرٍ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنْ عَوْفِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ، أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ لَمْ يَكُنْ يُخَمِّسُ السَّلَبَ، وَأَنَّ مَدَدِيًّا كَانَ رَفِيقًا لَهُمْ فِي غَزْوَةِ مُؤْتَةَ، فَذَكَرَ الْحَدِيثَ بِالْإِسْنَادَيْنِ جَمِيعًا بِمَعْنَاهُ.
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Awf bin Malik (may Allah be pleased with him) that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) did not take the khumus (one-fifth) from the salab (the slain man's gear), and that a madadi (a man who had come as reinforcement) was their companion in the Battle of Mu'tah; then he mentioned the whole hadith.
أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو نَصْرِ بْنُ قَتَادَةَ، أنا أَبُو الْفَضْلِ بْنُ خَمِيرَوَيْهِ الْهَرَوِيُّ، أنا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ نَجْدَةَ، ثنا الْحَسَنُ بْنُ الرَّبِيعِ، ثنا عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ الْمُبَارَكِ، عَنْ هِشَامِ بْنِ حَسَّانَ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سِيرِينَ، عَنْ أَنَسِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ، أَنَّ أَوَّلَ سَلَبٍ خُمِّسَ فِي الْإِسْلَامِ سَلَبُ الْبَرَاءِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ، كَانَ حَمَلَ عَلَى الْمَرْزُبَانِ فَطَعَنَهُ فَقَتَلَهُ، وَتَفَرَّقَ عَنْهُ أَصْحَابُهُ، فَنَزَلَ إِلَيْهِ فَأَخَذَ مِنْطَقَتَهُ وَسِوَارَيْهِ، فَلَمَّا قَدِمَ مَشَى عُمَرُ بْنُ الْخَطَّابِ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ حَتَّى أَتَى أَبَا طَلْحَةَ الْأَنْصَارِيَّ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ فَقَالَ: يَا أَبَا طَلْحَةَ، " إِنَّا كُنَّا لَا نُخَمِّسُ السَّلَبَ، وَإِنَّ سَلَبَ الْبَرَاءِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ مَالٌ، وَأَنَا خَامِسُهُ " فَقَوَّمُوا الْمِنْطَقَةَ وَالسِّوَارَيْنِ ثَلَاثِينَ أَلْفًا.
It is narrated from Anas bin Malik (may Allah be pleased with him) that the first salab (slain man's gear) from which the khumus (one-fifth) was taken in Islam was the salab of al-Bara' bin Malik (may Allah be pleased with him). He had charged at the marzuban (a Persian governor), wounded him and then killed him, and his companions scattered away from him. Al-Bara' went down to him and took his belt and his bracelets. When he arrived, Umar bin al-Khattab (may Allah be pleased with him) walked over to Abu Talhah (may Allah be pleased with him) and said: O Abu Talhah, we do not take the khumus from the salab, but the salab of al-Bara' is (substantial) wealth, and I am going to take the khumus from it. So they valued the belt and the bracelets at thirty thousand.
وَأَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو الْحَسَنِ عَلِيُّ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ الْمُقْرِئُ، أنا الْحَسَنُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ إِسْحَاقَ، ثنا يُوسُفُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ، ثنا سُلَيْمَانُ بْنُ حَرْبٍ، ثنا حَمَّادُ بْنُ زَيْدٍ، عَنْ أَيُّوبَ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدٍ، عَنْ أَنَسِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ، أَنَّ الْبَرَاءَ يَعْنِي ابْنَ مَالِكٍ بَارَزَ مَرْزُبَانَ الزَّارَةِ فَحَمَلَ عَلَيْهِ بِالرُّمْحِ فَدَقَّ صُلْبَهُ وَأَخَذَ سِوَارَيْهِ وَأَخَذَ مِنْطَقَتَهُ، فَصَلَّى عُمَرُ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ يَوْمًا صَلَاةً ثُمَّ قَالَ: " أَثَمَّ أَبُو طَلْحَةَ؟ إِنَّا كُنَّا نُنَفِّلُ الرَّجُلَ مِنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ سَلَبَ رَجُلٍ مِنَ الْكُفَّارِ إِذَا قَتَلَهُ، وَإِنَّ سَلَبَ الْبَرَاءِ قَدْ بَلَغَ مَالًا، وَلَا أَرَانِي إِلَّا خَامِسَهُ، فَقِيلَ لِمُحَمَّدٍ: فَخَمَّسَهُ؟ فَقَالَ: لَا أَدْرِي وَرُوِيَ مِنْ وَجْهٍ آخَرَ عَنْ أَنَسٍ أَنَّهُ خَمَّسَهُ.
It is narrated from Anas bin Malik (may Allah be pleased with him) that al-Bara' bin Malik (may Allah be pleased with him) fought the marzuban in single combat. He charged at him with his spear, drove it into his back, and took his two bracelets and his belt. That day Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) led the prayer, then said: Is Abu Talhah (may Allah be pleased with him) here? We have been giving a man of the Muslims the salab of a man of the disbelievers, because the Muslim killed him, but the salab of al-Bara' has reached (the level of substantial) wealth, and I intend to take the khumus from it. Muhammad (bin Sirin, may Allah have mercy on him) was asked: Was the khumus taken from it? He said: I do not know.
أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو الْحُسَيْنِ بْنُ بِشْرَانَ، أنا أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ الرَّزَّازُ، ثنا عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مَنْصُورٍ، ثنا سَالِمُ بْنُ نُوحٍ، ثنا عُمَرُ بْنُ عَامِرٍ، عَنْ قَتَادَةَ، عَنْ أَنَسٍ، أَنَّ الْبَرَاءَ بْنَ ⦗٥٠٧⦘ مَالِكٍ قَتَلَ مِنَ الْمُشْرِكِينَ مِائَةَ رَجُلٍ إِلَّا رَجُلًا مُبَارَزَةً، وَإِنَّهُمْ لَمَّا غَزَوَا الزَّارَةَ خَرَجَ دِهْقَانُ الزَّارَةِ فَقَالَ: رَجُلٌ وَرَجُلٌ، فَبَرَزَ إِلَيْهِ الْبَرَاءُ، فَاخْتَلَفَا بِسَيْفَيْهِمَا ثُمَّ اعْتَنَقَا، فَتَوَرَّكَهُ الْبَرَاءُ فَقَعَدَ عَلَى كَبِدِهِ، ثُمَّ أَخَذَ السَّيْفَ فَذَبَحَهُ، وَأَخَذَ سِلَاحَهُ وَمِنْطَقَتَهُ وَأَتَى بِهِ عُمَرَ، فَنَفَّلَهُ السِّلَاحَ وَقَوَّمَ الْمِنْطَقَةَ ثَلَاثِينَ أَلْفًا، فَخَمَّسَهَا وَقَالَ: " إِنَّهَا مَالٌ " قَالَ الشَّافِعِيُّ: هَذِهِ الرِّوَايَةُ مِنْ خَمْسِ السَّلَبَ عَنْ عُمَرَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ لَيْسَتْ مِنْ رِوَايَتِنَا، وَلَهُ رِوَايَةٌ عَنْ سَعْدِ بْنِ أَبِي وَقَّاصٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ فِي زَمَانِ عُمَرَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ تُخَالِفُهَا.
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Anas (may Allah be pleased with him) that Sayyiduna al-Bara' bin Malik (may Allah be pleased with him) killed a hundred men of the polytheists, less one, in single combat. When they raided al-Zarah, the dihqan (chieftain) of al-Zarah came out and said: Man against man. Al-Bara' (may Allah be pleased with him) came out against him, and their swords clashed; then they grappled with each other. Al-Bara' (may Allah be pleased with him) threw him down and sat on his belly, then took the sword and slaughtered him, and took his weapons and his belt and came to Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him). Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) gave the weapons to al-Bara' (may Allah be pleased with him), valued the belt at thirty thousand, took the khumus (one-fifth) from it and said: "It is wealth."
Imam al-Shafi'i (may Allah have mercy on him) said: This report that Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) took the khumus from the salab is not among our narrations, and there is a narration concerning Sayyiduna Sa'd bin Abi Waqqas (may Allah be pleased with him) in the time of Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) that contradicts it.
Imam al-Shafi'i (may Allah have mercy on him) said: This report that Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) took the khumus from the salab is not among our narrations, and there is a narration concerning Sayyiduna Sa'd bin Abi Waqqas (may Allah be pleased with him) in the time of Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) that contradicts it.
قَالَ الشَّافِعِيُّ: أَخْبَرَنَا ابْنُ عُيَيْنَةَ، عَنِ الْأَسْوَدِ بْنِ قَيْسٍ، عَنْ رَجُلٍ مِنْ قَوْمِهِ يُقَالُ لَهُ: شِبْرُ بْنُ عَلْقَمَةَ، قَالَ: " بَارَزْتُ رَجُلًا يَوْمَ الْقَادِسِيَّةِ فَقَتَلْتُهُ، فَبَلَغَ سَلَبُهُ اثْنَيْ عَشَرَ أَلْفًا، فَنَفَّلَنِيهِ سَعْدٌ " أَخْبَرَنَاهُ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ، ثنا أَبُو الْعَبَّاسِ، أَخْبَرَنِي الرَّبِيعُ، أنا الشَّافِعِيُّ، أنا سُفْيَانُ بْنُ عُيَيْنَةَ فَذَكَرَهُ بِنَحْوِهِ. قَالَ الشَّافِعِيُّ: وَاثْنَا عَشَرَ أَلْفًا كَثِيرٌ، وَرُوِيَ فِيهِ عَنْ أَبِي بَكْرٍ الصِّدِّيقِ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ.
Al-Aswad bin Qays narrates from a man of his people called Shibr bin Alqamah (may Allah be pleased with him) that he said: I fought a man in single combat on the day of al-Qadisiyyah and killed him. His salab (gear) came to twelve thousand, and Sa'd (may Allah be pleased with him) gave it to me.
حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ، أنا إِسْمَاعِيلُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مِيكَائِيلَ، أنا عَبْدَانُ الْأَهْوَازِيُّ، ثنا أَبُو السُّكَيْنِ زَكَرِيَّا بْنُ يَحْيَى الطَّائِيُّ، ثنا عَمُّ أَبِي زَحْرِ بْنِ حِصْنٍ قَالَ: حَدَّثَنِي جَدِّي حُمَيْدُ بْنُ مَنْهَبٍ قَالَ: قَالَ خُرَيْمُ بْنُ أَوْسِ بْنِ حَارِثَةَ بْنِ لَامٍ: " لَمْ يَكُنْ أَحَدٌ أَعْدَى لِلْعَرَبِ مِنْ هُرْمُزَ، فَلَمَّا فَرَغْنَا مِنْ مُسَيْلِمَةَ وَأَصْحَابِهِ أَقْبَلَ إِلَى نَاحِيَةِ الْبَصْرَةِ، فَلَقِيَنَا هُرْمُزُ بِكَاظِمَةَ فِي جَمْعٍ عَظِيمٍ، فَبَرَزَ خَالِدُ بْنُ الْوَلِيدِ وَدَعَا إِلَى الْبِرَازِ، فَبَرَزَ لَهُ هُرْمُزُ، فَقَتَلَهُ خَالِدٌ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ، وَكَتَبَ بِذَلِكَ إِلَى أَبِي بَكْرٍ الصِّدِّيقِ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ، فَنَفَّلَهُ سَلَبَهُ، فَبَلَغَتْ قَلَنْسُوَةُ هُرْمُزَ مِائَةَ أَلْفِ دِرْهَمٍ، وَكَانَتِ الْفُرْسُ إِذَا شَرَّفُوا فِيهِمُ الرَّحُلَ، جَعَلُوا قَلَنْسُوَتَهُ بِمِائَةِ أَلْفِ دِرْهَمٍ ".
Sayyiduna Khuraym bin Aws (may Allah be pleased with him) said: No one was more hostile to the Arabs than Hurmuz. When we had finished with Musaylimah and his companions, he (Khalid) advanced towards the region of Basrah, and we met Hurmuz at Kazimah with a great host. Sayyiduna Khalid (may Allah be pleased with him) challenged him to single combat, and Hurmuz came out against him. Sayyiduna Khalid (may Allah be pleased with him) killed him and wrote about it to Sayyiduna Abu Bakr al-Siddiq (may Allah be pleased with him), and Sayyiduna Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) gave his salab (gear) to Sayyiduna Khalid (may Allah be pleased with him). Hurmuz's cap was worth one hundred thousand dirhams, for when the Persians raised a man to high rank among them, they made his cap worth one hundred thousand dirhams.
أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو الْقَاسِمِ زَيْدُ بْنُ أَبِي هَاشِمٍ الْعَلَوِيُّ، وَعَبْدُ الْوَاحِدِ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ ⦗٥٠٨⦘ النَّجَّارُ الْمُقْرِئُ بِالْكُوفَةِ، قَالَا: ثنا أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَلِيِّ بْنِ دُحَيْمٍ، ثنا إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ إِسْحَاقَ، ثنا قَبِيصَةُ، عَنْ سُفْيَانَ، عَنِ الْأَوْزَاعِيِّ، عَنِ الزُّهْرِيِّ، عَنِ الْقَاسِمِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ قَالَ: " السَّلَبُ مِنَ النَّفَلِ، وَالنَّفَلُ مِنَ الْخُمُسِ " كَذَا قَالَ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ، وَالْأَحَادِيثُ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فِي السَّلَبِ تَدُلُّ عَلَى أَنَّهُ يُخْرَجُ مِنْ رَأْسِ الْغَنِيمَةِ. قَالَ الشَّافِعِيُّ: فَإِذَا ثَبَتَ عَنْ رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، بِأَبِي هُوَ وَأُمِّي، شَيْءٌ لَمْ يَجُزْ تَرْكُهُ، قَالَ: وَلَمْ يَسْتَثْنِ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَلِيلَ السَّلَبِ وَلَا كَثِيرَهُ.
Sayyiduna Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) used to say: The salab (the slain man's gear) is part of the nafl (extra award), and the nafl comes from the khumus (one-fifth). That is what Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) said, whereas the hadiths narrated from the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) about the salab indicate that "the salab is taken from the main body of the spoils."
Imam al-Shafi'i (may Allah have mercy on him) said: When something is established from the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) (may my father and mother be ransomed for him), it is not permissible to abandon it; and the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) made no exception for a small salab or a large one.
Imam al-Shafi'i (may Allah have mercy on him) said: When something is established from the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) (may my father and mother be ransomed for him), it is not permissible to abandon it; and the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) made no exception for a small salab or a large one.
