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السنن الكبرى للبيهقي
Sunan al-Kubra al-Bayhaqi
كتاب قسم الفيء والغنيمة
Book of the Division of Fai and Spoils of War
باب: ما جاء في تخميس السلب
Chapter: Reports on taking the fifth from the spoils of a slain enemy
Bayhaqi 12783 — Reports on taking the fifth from the spoils of a slain
اُردوEn
وَأَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَلِيٍّ الرُّوذْبَارِيُّ، أنا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ بَكْرٍ، ثنا أَبُو دَاوُدَ، ثنا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ حَنْبَلٍ، ثنا الْوَلِيدُ بْنُ مُسْلِمٍ، حَدَّثَنِي صَفْوَانُ، عَنْ عَمْرٍو، عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ جُبَيْرِ بْنِ نُفَيْرٍ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنْ عَوْفِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ الْأَشْجَعِيِّ قَالَ: خَرَجْتُ مَعَ زَيْدِ بْنِ حَارِثَةَ فِي غَزْوَةِ مُؤْتَةَ، وَرَافَقَنِي مَدَدِيٌّ مِنْ أَهْلِ الْيَمَنِ لَيْسَ مَعَهُ غَيْرُ سَيْفِهِ، فَجَزَرَ رَجُلٌ مِنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ جَزُورًا، فَسَأَلَهُ الْمَدَدِيُّ طَائِفَةً مِنْ جِلْدِهِ، فَأَعْطَاهُ إِيَّاهُ، فَاتَّخَذَهُ كَهَيْئَةِ الدَّرَقِ، وَمَضَيْنَا فَلَقِينَا جُمُوعَ الرُّومِ، وَفِيهِمْ رَجُلٌ عَلَى فَرَسٍ لَهُ أَشْقَرَ، عَلَيْهِ سَرْجٌ مُذَهَّبٌ، وَسِلَاحٌ مُذَهَّبٌ، فَجَعَلَ الرُّومِيُّ يَفْرِي بِالْمُسْلِمِينَ، وَقَعَدَ لَهُ الْمَدَدِيُّ خَلْفَ صَخْرَةٍ، فَمَرَّ بِهِ الرُّومِيُّ، فَعَرْقَبَ فَرَسَهُ فَخَّرَّ، وَعَلَاهُ فَقَتَلَهُ وَحَازَ فَرَسَهُ وَسِلَاحَهُ، فَلَمَّا فَتَحَ اللهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ لِلْمُسْلِمِينَ بَعَثَ إِلَيْهِ خَالِدُ بْنُ الْوَلِيدِ فَأَخَذَ مِنَ السَّلَبِ، قَالَ عَوْفٌ: فَأَتَيْتُهُ فَقُلْتُ: يَا خَالِدُ، أَمَا عَلِمْتَ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَضَى بِالسَّلَبِ لِلْقَاتِلِ؟ قَالَ: بَلَى، وَلَكِنِّي اسْتَكْثَرْتُهُ، قُلْتُ: لَتَرُدَّنَّهُ إِلَيْهِ أَوْ لَأُعَرِّفَنَّكَهَا عِنْدَ رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، قَالَ: لَنْ نَرُدَّ عَلَيْهِ، قَالَ عَوْفٌ: فَاجْتَمَعْنَا عِنْدَ رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، فَقَصَصْتُ عَلَيْهِ قِصَّةَ الْمَدَدِيِّ وَمَا فَعَلَ خَالِدٌ، فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: " يَا خَالِدُ، مَا حَمَلَكَ عَلَى مَا صَنَعْتَ؟ قََالَ: يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ اسْتَكْثَرْتُهُ، فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: " يَا خَالِد، رُدَّ عَلَيْهِ مَا أَخَذْتَ مِنْهُ "، قَالَ عَوْفٌ: فَقُلْتُ: دُونَكَ يَا خَالِدُ، أَلَمْ أَفِ لَكَ؟ فَقَالَ ⦗٥٠٦⦘ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: " وَمَا ذَاكَ؟ " فَأَخْبَرْتُهُ، قَالَ: فَغَضِبَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَقَالَ: " يَا خَالِدُ، لَا تَرُدَّ عَلَيْهِ، هَلْ أَنْتُمْ تَارِكُو لِي أُمَرَائِي، لَكُمْ صَفْوَةُ أَمْرِهِمْ، وَعَلَيْهِمْ كَدَرُهُ؟ " رَوَاهُ مُسْلِمٌ فِي الصَّحِيحِ عَنْ زُهَيْرِ بْنِ حَرْبٍ عَنِ الْوَلِيدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ..
Awf bin Malik (may Allah be pleased with him) said: I went out with Zayd bin Harithah (may Allah be pleased with him) on the expedition of Mu'tah, and a madadi (a man who had come as reinforcement) from the people of Yemen became my companion; he had nothing with him except his sword. A man from the Muslims slaughtered a camel, and the madadi asked him for a piece of its hide. He gave it to him, and he made it into something like a shield. We went on and met the hosts of the Romans. Among them was a man on a reddish horse, with a gilded saddle and gilded weapons, and the Roman began attacking the Muslims fiercely. The madadi sat in wait for him behind a rock. When the Roman passed by, he hamstrung his horse and it fell; he got on top of him and killed him (the Roman), and took possession of his horse and weapons. When Allah granted victory to the Muslims, Khalid bin al-Walid (may Allah be pleased with him) sent for him and took the salab (the slain man's gear) from him. Awf (may Allah be pleased with him) said: I came and said to Khalid (may Allah be pleased with him): Do you not know that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) ruled that the salab belongs to the killer? Khalid (may Allah be pleased with him) said: Yes, but I considered it too much. I said: You must return it to him, or I will mention it before the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him). Khalid (may Allah be pleased with him) refused to return it. Awf (may Allah be pleased with him) said: We gathered before the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), and I related to him (peace and blessings be upon him) the story of the madadi and what Khalid (may Allah be pleased with him) had done. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "O Khalid, why did you do this?" Khalid (may Allah be pleased with him) said: O Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), I considered it too much. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "O Khalid, return to him what you took from him." Awf (may Allah be pleased with him) said: I said: There you are, O Khalid! Did I not make good on my word to you? The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "What is the matter?" I told him (peace and blessings be upon him), and the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) became angry and said: "O Khalid, do not return it to him. Will you not leave my commanders alone for my sake? You have the clear part of their affairs, and the murky part of it falls on them."
