السنن الكبرى للبيهقي
Sunan al-Kubra al-Bayhaqi
كتاب الحج
Book of Hajj
باب: ما لا يأكل المحرم من الصيد
What game the muhrim may not eat
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أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو الْحَسَنِ عَلِيُّ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ الْمُقْرِئُ، أنبأ الْحَسَنُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ إِسْحَاقَ، ثنا يُوسُفُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ الْقَاضِي، ثنا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ أَبِي بَكْرٍ، ثنا أَبُو عَوَانَةَ، ح وَأَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ، ثنا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ، ثنا حَسَنُ بْنُ سُفْيَانَ، ثنا أَبُو كَامِلٍ الْجَحْدَرِيُّ، ثنا أَبُو عَوَانَةَ، عَنْ عُثْمَانَ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ مَوْهَبٍ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ أَبِي قَتَادَةَ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، قَالَ: خَرَجَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ حَاجًّا أَوْ مُعْتَمِرًا وَخَرَجْنَا مَعَهُ فَصَرَفَ طَائِفَةً مِنْهُمْ وَأَنَا مَعَهُمْ، قَالَ: " خُذُوا سَاحِلَ الْبَحْرِ حَتَّى تَلْقَوْنِي "، فَأَخَذْنَا سَاحِلَ الْبَحْرِ فَلَمَّا انْصَرَفْنَا قَبْلَ رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَحْرَمُوا كُلُّهُمْ غَيْرَ أَبِي قَتَادَةَ فَبَيْنَمَا نَحْنُ نَسِيرُ إِذْ رَأَيْنَا حُمْرَ وَحْشٍ فَعَقَرْتُ مِنْهَا أَتَانًا فَنَزَلُوا فَأَكَلُوا مِنْ لَحْمِهَا فَقَالُوا: نَأْكُلُ لَحْمَ صَيْدٍ وَنَحْنُ مُحْرِمُونَ فَحَمَلُوا مَا بَقِيَ مِنْ لَحْمِهَا حَتَّى أَتَوَا النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَقَالُوا: إِنَّا كُنَّا قَدْ أَحْرَمْنَا وَكَانَ أَبُو قَتَادَةَ لَمْ يُحْرِمْ فَرَأَيْنَا حُمْرَ وَحْشٍ فَعَقَرَ مِنْهَا أَتَانًا ⦗٣١٠⦘ فَنَزَلْنَا فَأَكَلْنَا مِنْ لَحْمِهَا ثُمَّ حَمَلْنَا مَا بَقِيَ مِنْ لَحْمِهَا، فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: " هَلْ مِنْكُمْ أَحَدٌ أَمَرَهُ أَنْ يَحْمِلَ عَلَيْهَا أَوْ أَشَارَ إِلَيْهَا؟ "، فَقَالُوا: لَا، قَالَ: " فَكُلُوا مَا بَقِيَ مِنْ لَحْمِهَا " لَفْظُ حَدِيثِ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِ، وَلَيْسَ فِي حَدِيثِ الْمُقْرِئِ: " أَوْ مُعْتَمِرًا "، رَوَاهُ الْبُخَارِيُّ فِي الصَّحِيحِ عَنْ مُوسَى بْنِ إِسْمَاعِيلَ، عَنْ أَبِي عَوَانَةَ، وَرَوَاهُ مُسْلِمٌ عَنْ أَبِي كَامِلٍ.
Abdullah bin Abi Qatadah (may Allah have mercy on him) narrates from his father that he said: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) set out for Hajj or Umrah, and we set out with him. He sent a group of them off by another route, and I was with them. He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Take the coastal route until you meet me." So we took the coastal route. When we turned back towards the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), all of them had entered ihram except Abu Qatadah (may Allah be pleased with him). While we were travelling, we suddenly saw some wild donkeys, and I brought down a female among them. They dismounted and ate of its meat, and said: "We are eating game meat while we are in the state of ihram!" They carried what remained of its meat until they came to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) and said: We had entered ihram while Abu Qatadah had not; we saw some wild donkeys and he brought down a female among them; we dismounted and ate of its meat, then carried what remained of it. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) asked: "Did any one of you tell him to attack it, or point to it?" They said: No. He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Then eat what remains of its meat."
وَأَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ، أَخْبَرَنِي أَبُو عَمْرِو بْنُ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ، أنبأ الْحَسَنُ بْنُ سُفْيَانَ، ثنا أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ أَبِي شَيْبَةَ، ثنا أَبُو الْأَحْوَصِ، عَنْ عَبْدِ الْعَزِيزِ بْنِ رُفَيْعٍ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ أَبِي قَتَادَةَ، قَالَ: كَانَ أَبُو قَتَادَةَ فِي نَفَرٍ مُحْرِمِينَ وَأَبُو قَتَادَةَ مُحِلٌّ فَأَبْصَرَ الْقَوْمُ حِمَارَ وَحْشٍ فَلَمْ يُؤْذِنُوهُ حَتَّى أَبْصَرَهُ أَبُو قَتَادَةَ فَاخْتَلَسَ مِنْ بَعْضِهِمْ سَوْطًا، ثُمَّ حَمَلَ عَلَى الْحِمَارِ فَصَرَعَهُ فَأَتَاهُمْ بِهِ فَأَكَلُوا وَحَمَلُوا فَلَقُوا النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَسَأَلُوهُ، فَقَالَ: " هَلْ أَشَارَ إِلَيْهِ إِنْسَانٌ مِنْكُمْ أَوْ أَمَدَّهُ بِشَيْءٍ؟ " قَالُوا: لَا يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ، قَالَ: " فَكُلُوا " رَوَاهُ مُسْلِمٌ فِي الصَّحِيحِ عَنْ أَبِي بَكْرِ بْنِ أَبِي شَيْبَةَ.
Abdullah bin Abi Qatadah (may Allah have mercy on him) says that Abu Qatadah (may Allah be pleased with him) was among a group of people in ihram, while Abu Qatadah (may Allah be pleased with him) was not in ihram. The people saw a wild donkey. They did not tell Abu Qatadah (may Allah be pleased with him) until Abu Qatadah (may Allah be pleased with him) saw it himself. He snatched a whip from one of them, then charged at it and brought it down. He brought it to them. They ate, and also took some with them, and they asked the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) about it. He (peace and blessings be upon him) asked: "Did any one of you point to it, or help him with anything?" They said: No, O Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him)! He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Then eat."
أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ السُّلَمِيُّ، وَأَبُو بَكْرٍ أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْحَارِثِ الْأَصْبَهَانِيُّ الْفَقِيهُ قَالَا: أنبأ عَلِيُّ بْنُ عُمَرَ الْحَافِظُ، ثنا أَبُو بَكْرٍ النَّيْسَابُورِيُّ، ثنا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى، ثنا عَبْدُ الرَّزَّاقِ، أنبأ مَعْمَرٌ، عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ أَبِي كَثِيرٍ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ أَبِي قَتَادَةَ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ أَنَّهُ، قَالَ: " خَرَجْتُ مَعَ رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ زَمَنَ الْحُدَيْبِيَةِ فَأَحْرَمَ أَصْحَابِي وَلَمْ أُحْرِمْ فَرَأَيْتُ حِمَارًا فَحَمَلْتُ عَلَيْهِ فَاصْطَدْتُهُ، فَذَكَرْتُ شَأْنَهُ لِرَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَذَكَرْتُ أَنِّي لَمْ أَكُنْ أَحْرَمْتُ وَأَنِّي إِنَّمَا اصْطَدْتُهُ لَكَ، فَأَمَرَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَصْحَابَهُ فَأَكَلُوا وَلَمْ يَأْكُلْ مِنْهُ حِينَ أَخْبَرْتُهُ أَنِّي اصْطَدْتُهُ لَهُ "، قَالَ عَلِيٌّ: قَالَ لَنَا أَبُو بَكْرٍ: قَوْلُهُ اصْطَدْتُهُ لَكَ وَقَوْلُهُ: وَلَمْ يَأْكُلْ مِنْهُ، لَا أَعْلَمُ أَحَدًا ذَكَرَ فِي هَذَا الْحَدِيثِ عَنْ مَعْمَرٍ وَهُوَ مُوَافِقٌ لِمَا رُوِيَ عَنْ عُثْمَانَ..
Abdullah bin Abi Qatadah narrates from his father (Sayyiduna Abu Qatadah, may Allah be pleased with him) that he said: I set out with the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) at the time of Hudaybiyah. My companions had entered ihram and I had not. I saw a wild donkey, charged at it and caught it. I mentioned its case to the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), and I mentioned that I had not entered ihram and that I had hunted it only for you. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) commanded his Companions and they ate, but he did not eat from it when I told him that I had hunted it for him.
Ali (bin Umar) said: Abu Bakr (al-Naysaburi) said to us: His words "I hunted it for you" and his words "and he did not eat from it" — I do not know of anyone who mentioned them in this hadith from Ma'mar; and this agrees with what is narrated from Uthman.
Ali (bin Umar) said: Abu Bakr (al-Naysaburi) said to us: His words "I hunted it for you" and his words "and he did not eat from it" — I do not know of anyone who mentioned them in this hadith from Ma'mar; and this agrees with what is narrated from Uthman.
وَأَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ الْحَارِثِ، أنبأ أَبُو الشَّيْخِ الْأَصْبَهَانِيُّ، ثنا عَبْدَانُ، ثنا حُسَيْنُ بْنُ مَهْدِيٍّ، ثنا عَبْدُ الرَّزَّاقِ، فَذَكَرَهُ بِنَحْوِهِ. قَالَ الشَّيْخُ: هَذِهِ لَفْظَةٌ غَرِيبَةٌ، لَمْ نَكْتُبْهَا إِلَّا مِنْ هَذَا الْوَجْهِ، وَقَدْ رُوِّينَا عَنْ أَبِي حَازِمِ بْنِ دِينَارٍ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ أَبِي قَتَادَةَ فِي هَذَا الْحَدِيثِ أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَكَلَ مِنْهَا وَتِلْكَ الرِّوَايَةُ أَوْدَعَهَا صَاحِبَا الصَّحِيحِ كِتَابَيْهِمَا دُونَ رِوَايَةِ مَعْمَرٍ وَإِنْ كَانَ الْإِسْنَادَانِ صَحِيحَيْنِ، وَاللهُ أَعْلَمُ.
Likewise (through another chain from Abd al-Razzaq).
The Shaykh (may Allah have mercy on him) said: This wording is gharib (unusual); we have written it only through this route. We have narrated from Abu Hazim bin Dinar, from Abdullah bin Abi Qatadah, in this hadith, that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) ate from it; and it is that narration which the two authors of the Sahih placed in their books rather than the narration of Ma'mar, even though both chains are sahih (authentic). And Allah knows best.
The Shaykh (may Allah have mercy on him) said: This wording is gharib (unusual); we have written it only through this route. We have narrated from Abu Hazim bin Dinar, from Abdullah bin Abi Qatadah, in this hadith, that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) ate from it; and it is that narration which the two authors of the Sahih placed in their books rather than the narration of Ma'mar, even though both chains are sahih (authentic). And Allah knows best.
أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ، أنبأ أَبُو الْعَبَّاسِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ، أنبأ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ ⦗٣١١⦘ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْحَكَمِ، أنبأ عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ وَهْبٍ، أَخْبَرَنِي يَحْيَى بْنُ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ سَالِمٍ، وَيَعْقُوبُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ الزُّهْرِيُّ أَنَّ عَمْرًا مَوْلَى الْمُطَّلِبِ أَخْبَرَهُمَا، عَنِ الْمُطَّلِبِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ حَنْطَبٍ، عَنْ جَابِرِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللهِ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ، عَنْ رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَنَّهُ قَالَ: " لَحْمُ صَيْدِ الْبَرِّ لَكُمْ حَلَالٌ، وَأَنْتُمْ حُرُمٌ مَا لَمْ تَصِيدُوهُ أَوْ يُصَدْ لَكُمْ ".
Sayyiduna Jabir bin Abdullah (may Allah be pleased with them both) narrates from the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) that he said: "The meat of land game is lawful for you while you are in the state of ihram, as long as you do not hunt it yourselves or it is not hunted for you."
وَأَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ، ثنا أَبُو الْحَسَنِ إِسْمَاعِيلُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْفَضْلِ، ثنا جَدِّي، ثنا سَعِيدُ بْنُ كَثِيرِ بْنِ عُفَيْرٍ، ثنا سُلَيْمَانُ بْنُ بِلَالٍ، عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ أَبِي عَمْرٍو، عَنِ الْمُطَّلِبِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ حَنْطَبٍ، عَنْ جَابِرِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللهِ، قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: " صَيْدُ الْبَرِّ لَكُمْ حَلَالٌ مَا لَمْ تَصِيدُوهُ أَوْ يُصَدْ لَكُمْ " فَهَؤُلَاءِ ثَلَاثَةٌ مِنَ الثِّقَاتِ أَقَامُوا إِسْنَادَهُ عَنْ عَمْرٍو، وَكَذَلِكَ رَوَاهُ الشَّافِعِيُّ عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ، عَنْ عَمْرٍو، وَعَنِ الثِّقَةِ عِنْدَهُ عَنْ سُلَيْمَانَ بْنِ بِلَالٍ، عَنْ عَمْرٍو، وَكَذَلِكَ رَوَاهُ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ سُلَيْمَانَ بْنِ أَبِي دَاوُدَ، عَنْ مَالِكِ بْنِ أَنَسٍ، عَنْ عَمْرٍو..
Sayyiduna Jabir bin Abdullah (may Allah be pleased with them both) narrates that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Land game is lawful for you as long as you do not hunt it yourselves or it is not hunted for you."
These are three thiqah (trustworthy) narrators who transmitted its chain correctly from Amr.
These are three thiqah (trustworthy) narrators who transmitted its chain correctly from Amr.
وَرَوَاهُ عَبْدُ الْعَزِيزِ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ الدَّرَاوَرْدِيُّ، عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ أَبِي عَمْرٍو، وَعَنْ رَجُلٍ مِنْ بَنِي سَلَمَةَ، عَنْ جَابِرٍ أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ. أَخْبَرَنَاهُ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ فِي آخَرِينَ، قَالُوا: ثنا أَبُو الْعَبَّاسِ أنبأ الرَّبِيعُ، أنبأ الشَّافِعِيُّ، أنبأ عَبْدُ الْعَزِيزِ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ فَذَكَرَهُ. قَالَ الشَّافِعِيُّ: ابْنُ أَبِي يَحْيَى أَحْفَظُ مِنَ الدَّرَاوَرْدِيِّ، وَسُلَيْمَانُ مَعَ ابْنِ أَبِي يَحْيَى، قَالَ الشَّيْخُ: وَكَذَلِكَ يَعْقُوبُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ وَيَحْيَى بْنُ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ سَالِمٍ وَهُمَا مَعَ سُلَيْمَانَ مِنَ الْأَثْبَاتِ.
This is a chain of the previous hadith: Abd al-Aziz bin Muhammad al-Darawardi narrated it from Amr bin Abi Amr, and from a man of Banu Salimah, from Sayyiduna Jabir (may Allah be pleased with him), from the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him).
Imam al-Shafi'i (may Allah have mercy on him) said: Ibn Abi Yahya has better memory than al-Darawardi, and Sulayman (bin Bilal) agrees with Ibn Abi Yahya.
The Shaykh (may Allah have mercy on him) said: Likewise Ya'qub bin Abd al-Rahman and Yahya bin Abdullah bin Salim; they, together with Sulayman, are among the reliable (athbat) narrators.
Imam al-Shafi'i (may Allah have mercy on him) said: Ibn Abi Yahya has better memory than al-Darawardi, and Sulayman (bin Bilal) agrees with Ibn Abi Yahya.
The Shaykh (may Allah have mercy on him) said: Likewise Ya'qub bin Abd al-Rahman and Yahya bin Abdullah bin Salim; they, together with Sulayman, are among the reliable (athbat) narrators.
أَخْبَرَنَا يَحْيَى بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ يَحْيَى، ثنا أَبُو الْعَبَّاسِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ، أنبأ الرَّبِيعُ، أنبأ الشَّافِعِيُّ، أنبأ مَالِكٌ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ أَبِي بَكْرٍ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ عَامِرِ بْنِ رَبِيعَةَ، قَالَ: رَأَيْتُ عُثْمَانَ بْنَ عَفَّانَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ بِالْعَرْجِ فِي يَوْمٍ صَائِفٍ وَهُوَ مُحْرِمٌ وَقَدْ غَطَّى وَجْهَهُ بِقَطِيفَةِ أُرْجُوَانٍ، ثُمَّ أُتِيَ بِلَحْمِ صَيْدٍ، فَقَالَ لِأَصْحَابِهِ: " كُلُوا "، قَالُوا: أَلَا تَأْكُلُ أَنْتَ؟، قَالَ: " إِنِّي لَسْتُ كَهَيْئَتِكُمْ إِنَّمَا صِيدَ مِنْ أَجْلِي ".
Abdullah bin Amir bin Rabi'ah (may Allah be pleased with him) says: I saw Sayyiduna Uthman bin Affan (may Allah be pleased with him) at al-Arj on a hot summer day while he was in the state of ihram, and he had covered his face with a red velvet wrap. Then some game meat was brought, and he said to his companions: Eat. His companions said: Will you not eat? He said: I am not like you, for it was hunted only on my account.
وَأَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ الْحَارِثِ الْفَقِيهُ، أنبأ عَلِيُّ بْنُ عُمَرَ الْحَافِظُ، أنبا أَبُو بَكْرٍ النَّيْسَابُورِيُّ، ثنا أَبُو الْأَزْهَرِ، وَأَحْمَدُ بْنُ يُوسُفَ السُّلَمِيُّ، قَالَا: ثنا عَبْدُ الرَّزَّاقِ، أنبأ مَعْمَرٌ، عَنِ الزُّهْرِيِّ، عَنْ عُرْوَةَ، عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ حَاطِبٍ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ أَنَّهُ اعْتَمَرَ مَعَ عُثْمَانَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ فِي رَكْبٍ، فَأُهْدِيَ لَهُ طَائِرٌ فَأَمَرَهُمْ بِأَكْلِهِ وَأَبَى أَنْ يَأْكُلَ، فَقَالَ لَهُ عَمْرُو بْنُ الْعَاصِ: " أَنَأْكُلُ مِمَّا لَسْتَ مِنْهُ آكِلًا؟ " فَقَالَ: " إِنِّي لَسْتُ فِي ذَاكُمْ مِثْلَكُمْ، إِنَّمَا اصْطِيدَ لِي وَأُمِيتَ بِاسْمِي ".
Yahya bin Abd al-Rahman bin Hatib (may Allah have mercy on him) narrates from his father that he performed Umrah with Sayyiduna Uthman bin Affan (may Allah be pleased with him) in a party of riders. A bird was given to him as a gift; Sayyiduna Uthman (may Allah be pleased with him) commanded them to eat it and refused to eat it himself. Sayyiduna Amr bin al-As (may Allah be pleased with him) said: Shall we eat of what you are not eating? He said: In this I am not like you, for it was hunted for me and killed in my name.
