السنن الكبرى للبيهقي
Sunan al-Kubra al-Bayhaqi
كتاب الحج
Book of Hajj
باب: النيابة في الحج عن المعضوب والميت
Performing Hajj on behalf of one who is incapacitated or deceased
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أَخْبَرَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللهِ، أنبأ أَبُو الْحَسَنِ أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَبْدُوسٍ، ثنا عُثْمَانُ بْنُ سَعِيدٍ الدَّارِمِيُّ، قَالَ: قَرَأْتُ عَلَى أَبِي الْيَمَانِ أَنَّ شُعَيْبَ بْنَ أَبِي حَمْزَةَ، أَخْبَرَهُ عَنِ الزُّهْرِيِّ، أَخْبَرَنِي سُلَيْمَانُ بْنُ يَسَارٍ، أَنَّ عَبْدَ اللهِ بْنَ عَبَّاسٍ، قَالَ: أَرْدَفَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ الْفَضْلَ بْنَ عَبَّاسٍ وَكَانَ الْفَضْلُ رَجُلًا وَضِيئًا فَوَقَفَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ لِلنَّاسِ يُفْتِيهِمْ فَأَقْبَلَتِ امْرَأَةٌ مِنْ خَثْعَمٍ وَضِيئَةٌ تَسْتَفْتِي النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَطَفِقَ الْفَضْلُ يَنْظُرُ وَأَعْجَبَهُ حُسْنُهَا فَالْتَفَتَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ إِلَى الْفَضْلِ وَهُوَ يَنْظُرُ إِلَيْهَا فَأَخَذَ بِذَقَنِ الْفَضْلِ فَعَدَلَ وَجْهَهُ عَنِ النَّظَرِ إِلَيْهَا، فَقَالَتْ تِلْكَ الْخَثْعَمِيَّةُ: يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ إِنَّ فَرِيضَةَ اللهِ فِي الْحَجِّ عَلَى عِبَادِهِ أَدْرَكَتْ أَبِي شَيْخًا كَبِيرًا لَا يَسْتَطِيعُ أَنْ يَسْتَوِيَ عَلَى رَاحِلَتِهِ فَهَلْ يَقْضِي أَنْ أَحُجَّ عَنْهُ؟، فَقَالَ لَهَا رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: " نَعَمْ " رَوَاهُ الْبُخَارِيُّ فِي الصَّحِيحِ عَنْ أَبِي الْيَمَانِ، وَأَخْرَجَهُ مُسْلِمٌ مِنْ أَوْجُهٍ عَنِ الزُّهْرِيِّ.
Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) says that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) seated Sayyiduna al-Fadl bin Abbas (may Allah be pleased with him) behind him on his mount, and al-Fadl was a handsome man. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) stopped to give the people rulings, and a beautiful woman from the tribe of Khath'am turned towards him; she was asking the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) for a ruling. Al-Fadl looked at her, and her beauty pleased him. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) looked at al-Fadl and saw that he was looking at the woman, so the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) took hold of al-Fadl's chin and turned his face to the other side. This Khath'ami woman said: "O Messenger of Allah! The obligation of Hajj has reached my father when he is a very old man, and he cannot sit on a mount; if I perform Hajj on his behalf, will it suffice?" The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Yes." [Sahih. Bukhari: 4138]
أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو الْحَسَنِ عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ عَبْدَانَ، أنبأ أَحْمَدُ بْنُ عُبَيْدٍ الصَّفَّارُ، ثنا إِسْمَاعِيلُ بْنُ إِسْحَاقَ، ثنا مُسَدَّدٌ، وَعَلِيُّ بْنُ الْمَدِينِيِّ - وَاللَّفْظُ لِعَلِيٍّ - ثنا سُفْيَانُ، ثنا الزُّهْرِيُّ، عَنْ سُلَيْمَانَ بْنِ يَسَارٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ أَنَّ امْرَأَةً مِنْ خَثْعَمٍ سَأَلَتِ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ غَدَاةَ جَمْعٍ وَالْفَضْلُ رَدِيفُهُ فَقَالَتْ: إِنَّ فَرِيضَةَ اللهِ عَلَى عِبَادِهِ أَدْرَكَتْ أَبِي شَيْخًا كَبِيرًا لَا يَسْتَطِيعُ أَنْ يَسْتَمْسِكَ عَلَى الرَّاحِلَةِ فَهَلْ تَرَى أَنْ أَحُجَّ عَنْهُ؟ قَالَ: " نَعَمْ " قَالَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ الْمَدِينِيِّ، قَالَ سُفْيَانُ: وَكَانَ عَمْرُو بْنُ دِينَارٍ يَزِيدُ فِيهِ عَنِ الزُّهْرِيِّ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَرَى ابْنَ شِهَابٍ، قَالَتْ: يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ أَيَنْفَعُهُ ذَلِكَ؟ قَالَ: " نَعَمْ كَذَلِكَ لَوْ كَانَ عَلَى أَحَدِكُمُ الدَّيْنُ فَقَضَيْتُهُ ".
Sulayman bin Yasar narrates from Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) that a woman from the tribe of Khath'am asked the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) on the morning of Muzdalifah, while Sayyiduna al-Fadl (may Allah be pleased with him) was riding behind him (peace and blessings be upon him). She said: The obligation of Hajj has reached my old father, and he cannot even stay seated on a mount; what is your (peace and blessings be upon him) view, may I perform Hajj on his behalf? He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Yes."
(b) Amr bin Dinar, narrating from Imam al-Zuhri before seeing Ibn Shihab, adds something to it: the woman said: Will it benefit him? He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Yes, it is just as if someone owed a debt and you paid it off."
(b) Amr bin Dinar, narrating from Imam al-Zuhri before seeing Ibn Shihab, adds something to it: the woman said: Will it benefit him? He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Yes, it is just as if someone owed a debt and you paid it off."
أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ، أَخْبَرَنِي عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ الْحَسَنِ الْقَاضِي، ثنا ⦗٢٩٣⦘ إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ الْحُسَيْنِ، ثنا آدَمُ، ثنا شُعْبَةُ، ثنا أَبُو بِشْرٍ جَعْفَرُ بْنُ أَبِي وَحْشِيَّةَ وَهُوَ جَعْفَرُ بْنُ إِيَاسٍ، قَالَ: سَمِعْتُ سَعِيدَ بْنَ جُبَيْرٍ، يُحَدِّثُ عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ، قَالَ: أَتَى رَجُلٌ إِلَى النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَقَالَ لَهُ: إِنَّ أُخْتِي نَذَرَتْ أَنْ تَحُجَّ وَإِنَّهَا مَاتَتْ، فَقَالَ لَهُ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: " أَرَأَيْتَ لَوْ كَانَ عَلَيْهَا دَيْنٌ أَكُنْتَ قَاضِيَهُ؟ " قَالَ: نَعَمْ، قَالَ: " فَاقْضُوا اللهَ فَهُوَ أَحَقُّ بِالْوَفَاءِ " رَوَاهُ الْبُخَارِيُّ فِي الصَّحِيحِ عَنْ آدَمَ بْنِ أَبِي إِيَاسٍ، وَأَخْرَجَهُ مُسْلِمٌ مِنْ حَدِيثِ بُرَيْدَةَ بْنِ حُصَيْبٍ، عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَقَدْ مَضَى ذِكْرُهُ.
Sa'id bin Jubayr (may Allah have mercy on him) narrates from Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) that a man came to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) and said: My sister vowed to perform Hajj, but she has died. He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "If she had owed a debt, would you have paid it?" He said: Yes. He said: "Then fulfil what is owed to Allah, for He is more deserving of fulfilment."
أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو زَكَرِيَّا بْنُ أَبِي إِسْحَاقَ، وَأَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ الْحَسَنِ قَالَا: ثنا أَبُو الْعَبَّاسِ الْأَصَمُّ، أنبأ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْحَكَمِ، أنبأ ابْنُ وَهْبٍ، أَخْبَرَنِي عَمْرُو بْنُ الْحَارِثِ، عَنْ قَتَادَةَ بْنِ دِعَامَةَ أَنَّ سَعِيدَ بْنَ جُبَيْرٍ، حَدَّثَهُ أَنَّ عَبْدَ اللهِ بْنَ عَبَّاسٍ مَرَّ بِهِ رَجُلٌ يُهِلُّ، يَقُولُ: لَبَّيْكَ بِحَجَّةٍ عَنْ شُبْرُمَةَ، فَقَالَ: " وَمَنْ شُبْرُمَةُ؟ "، قَالَ: أَوْصَى أَنْ يُحَجَّ عَنْهُ، فَقَالَ: " أَحَجَجْتَ أَنْتَ؟ "، قَالَ: لَا، قَالَ: " فَابْدَأْ أَنْتَ فَاحْجُجْ عَنْ نَفْسِكَ، ثُمَّ احْجُجْ عَنْ شُبْرُمَةَ " كَذَا رَوَاهُ عَمْرُو بْنُ الْحَارِثِ وَرَوَاهُ ابْنُ أَبِي عَرُوبَةَ، عَنْ قَتَادَةَ، عَنْ عَزْرَةَ، عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ جُبَيْرٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ، عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ إِلَّا أَنَّهُ لَمْ يَذْكُرْ فِيهِ لَفْظَ الْوَصِيَّةِ، وَرُوِّينَا عَنِ ابْنِ جُرَيْجٍ، عَنْ عَطَاءٍ أَنَّهُ كَانَ لَا يَرَى بَأْسًا أَنْ يَحُجَّ الرَّجُلُ عَنْ أَبِيهِ وَإِنْ لَمْ يُوصِ.
Sa'id bin Jubayr (may Allah have mercy on him) says that a man passed by Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) reciting the talbiyah for Hajj on behalf of Shubrumah. He asked: Who is Shubrumah? He said: He made a bequest that Hajj be performed on his behalf. He asked: Have you performed Hajj for yourself? He said: No. Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) said: First perform Hajj for yourself, then perform it on behalf of Shubrumah.
(b) Ata (may Allah have mercy on him) says that a man may perform Hajj on behalf of his father even if he did not make a bequest.
(b) Ata (may Allah have mercy on him) says that a man may perform Hajj on behalf of his father even if he did not make a bequest.
أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو طَاهِرٍ الْفَقِيهُ، أنبا أَبُو بَكْرٍ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْحُسَيْنِ الْقَطَّانُ، ثنا عَلِيُّ بْنُ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ أَبِي عِيسَى، ثنا إِسْحَاقُ يَعْنِي ابْنَ عِيسَى بْنِ الطَّبَّاعِ، ثنا أَبُو مَعْشَرٍ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْمُنْكَدِرِ، عَنْ جَابِرِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللهِ، قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: " إِنَّ اللهَ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ يُدْخِلُ بِالْحَجَّةِ الْوَاحِدَةِ ثَلَاثَةَ نَفَرٍ الْجَنَّةَ، الْمَيِّتَ وَالْحَاجَّ عَنْهُ وَالْمُنَفِّذَ ذَلِكَ " أَبُو مَعْشَرٍ هَذَا نَجِيحٌ السِّنْدِيُّ مَدَنِيٌّ ضَعِيفٌ.
Sayyiduna Jabir bin Abdullah (may Allah be pleased with them both) says that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Through a single Hajj, Allah will admit a group of three people into Paradise: (1) the deceased, (2) the one who performs Hajj on his behalf, and (3) the one who carries it out (the executor)."
Abu Ma'shar here is Najih al-Sindi, a Madinan, and he is da'if (weak).
Abu Ma'shar here is Najih al-Sindi, a Madinan, and he is da'if (weak).
أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ، وَأَبُو الْحَسَنِ عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ الْمُقْرِئُ الْخُسْرَوْجِرْدِيُّ قَالَا: أنبأ أَبُو حَامِدٍ أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ الْخُسْرَوْجِرْدِيُّ، ثنا دَاوُدُ بْنُ الْحُسَيْنِ الْبَيْهَقِيُّ، ثنا قُتَيْبَةُ بْنُ سَعِيدٍ، ثنا زَاجِرُ بْنُ الصَّلْتِ الطَّاحِيُّ، ثنا زِيَادُ بْنُ سُفْيَانَ، عَنْ أَبِي سَلَمَةَ، عَنْ أَنَسِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ، أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ فِي رَجُلٍ أَوْصَى بِحَجَّةٍ: " كُتِبَتْ لَهُ أَرْبَعُ حِجَجٍ حَجَّةٌ لِلَّذِي كَتَبَهَا وَحَجَّةٌ لِلَّذِي أَنْفَذَهَا وَحَجَّةٌ لِلَّذِي أَخَذَهَا وَحَجَّةٌ لِلَّذِي أَمَرَ بِهَا " زِيَادُ بْنُ سُفْيَانَ هَذَا مَجْهُولٌ وَالْإِسْنَادُ ضَعِيفٌ، وَقَدْ رُوِيَ فِي الْحَجِّ عَنِ الْأَبَوَيْنِ أَخْبَارٌ بِأَسَانِيدَ ضَعِيفَةٍ فَتَرَكْتُهَا وَفِي بَعْضِ مَا رَوَيْنَا كِفَايَةٌ وَبِاللهِ التَّوْفِيقُ.
Anas bin Malik (may Allah be pleased with him) says that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said about a man who had made a bequest for Hajj: "Four Hajjs are recorded for it: (1) a Hajj for the one who wrote it, (2) a Hajj for the one who carried it out, (3) a Hajj for the one who undertook it, and (4) a Hajj for the one who ordered it."
This Ziyad bin Sufyan is majhul (unknown), and the chain is da'if (weak). Reports have also been narrated about performing Hajj on behalf of parents with weak chains, so I have left them out; and some of what we have narrated is sufficient. And success is from Allah.
This Ziyad bin Sufyan is majhul (unknown), and the chain is da'if (weak). Reports have also been narrated about performing Hajj on behalf of parents with weak chains, so I have left them out; and some of what we have narrated is sufficient. And success is from Allah.
