Musannaf Ibn Abi Shaybah

Hazrat Jabir narrates that the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, gave the ruling regarding every share which has not been divided, whether it is in the form of a house or a garden, that it is not permissible for the owner to sell it without the permission of his partner. So if he wishes, he will keep it, and if he wishes, he will leave it. And if the owner has sold it and did not inform the partner, then the partner has a greater right to that share.

Hazrat Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) and Hazrat Abdullah state that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) gave the verdict of pre-emption in favor of the neighbor.

Hazrat Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them) narrates that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) gave a verdict by taking an oath from the defendant.

Hazrat Masruq narrates that Hazrat Abdullah bin Masood (may Allah be pleased with him) was asked about a man who married a woman, then he died, and the man had not consummated the marriage with her nor had he fixed a dowry for her. What will happen in this case? Hazrat Abdullah replied that the woman will receive a dowry similar to that of women of her status, she will also receive inheritance, and she will be required to observe the waiting period (‘iddah). Upon this, Ma’qil bin Sinan said that he was present with the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), and the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) gave exactly the same verdict regarding Barwa’ bint Washiq.

Hazrat Tamim bin Tarfa narrates that two persons brought a dispute over a camel to the service of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him). Then each of them brought two witnesses to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), and both sets of witnesses testified in favor of their respective claimants that the camel belonged to them. So the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) decided the matter of the camel in favor of both of them.

Hazrat Salamah bin Khail says that we were in the assembly of Qazi Shurayh when some people came to him with a dispute about a house that had been given to a man for his entire lifetime. So Qazi Shurayh told them that this house would belong to that man during his lifetime, and after his death, it would go to his heirs. The one against whom the decision was given turned towards you and began to swear oaths. Qazi Shurayh said: This person is blaming me in a matter about which the decision was given by the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, himself.

Hazrat Miswar narrates that Hazrat Umar was consulting people regarding a woman who had miscarried. Then Mughirah bin Shu’bah said, “I was present with the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him), and he (peace be upon him) gave the verdict of a slave or a slave-girl in such a case.” Hazrat Umar said, “Bring someone who will testify to this with you.” So Muhammad bin Maslamah testified in his favor.

Hazrat Mughirah bin Shu’bah narrates that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) decreed that blood money (diyah) is to be paid by the family, and in the case of causing a miscarriage, the compensation is to give a male or female slave.

Hazrat Huzail bin Shurahbeel narrates that a man came to Hazrat Abu Musa and Sulaiman bin Rabee’ah and asked both of them about the inheritance share of a daughter, a granddaughter (son’s daughter), and a real sister. Both of them replied that the daughter will receive half of the wealth, and whatever remains will go to the sister. They also said, “Go to Ibn Mas’ood and ask him as well; he will give you the same answer.” So the man went to Ibn Mas’ood and asked him, and informed him of what both of them had said. Ibn Mas’ood said, “If I give that answer, then surely I will be misguided and not among those who are rightly guided. Rather, I will soon give the decision that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) gave in this matter: the daughter will receive half of the wealth, the granddaughter will receive one-sixth to complete two-thirds, and whatever remains will go to the sister.”

Hazrat Zaid bin Khalid, Shibl, and Abu Hurairah narrate that we were with the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) when a man came to him and said, "I implore you by Allah to judge between us according to the Book of Allah." His opponent, who was more intelligent than him, said, "Yes, O Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), judge between us according to the Book of Allah, and allow me to say something!" The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said, "Say it!" He said, "My son was working for this man, and he committed adultery with his wife. So I gave one hundred sheep and a servant as compensation. Then I asked the scholars about this matter, and they told me that my son should receive one hundred lashes and one year of exile, and this man's wife should be stoned." The Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said, "By Him in Whose hand is my soul, I will certainly judge between you according to the Book of Allah! The one hundred sheep and the servant will be returned to you, and your son will receive one hundred lashes and one year of exile. And O Anas! Go to this woman, and if she confesses to adultery, then stone her."

Hazrat Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with both of them) narrates that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) gave a verdict based on one witness and an oath.

Hazrat Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) says that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) gave a ruling regarding debt before bequest, even though you people recite this verse of the Qur'an: "After any bequest which has been made or debt." And surely, full sisters and brothers become heirs, not those who share only the father.

Hazrat Usman narrates that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) gave the decision of the child in favor of the husband.

Hazrat Shaibah bin Masawwar narrates that Hazrat Umar bin Abdul Aziz wrote a document and then read it out to us, stating that indeed the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) decreed five camels for a head wound and did not decree anything else besides this.

Hazrat Tha'laba bin Abi Malik narrates that the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, gave the ruling regarding Mahzur, which is a valley of Banu Qurayza, that water should be stopped up to the ankles, and those upstream should not withhold more than this from those downstream.

Hazrat Tawus narrates that the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, decreed five camels as compensation (diyah) for one tooth.

Hazrat Saeed and Haram bin Saad both narrate that Hazrat Bara’s she-camel entered the garden of a certain people and destroyed their garden. So the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, decided that during the day, the protection of property is the responsibility of the owner, and the owner of the livestock will pay compensation if the livestock causes damage at night.

Hazrat Abu Musa Ash'ari narrates that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) decreed ten camels as compensation (diyah) for each finger.

Hazrat Shu'aib's grandfather, Abdullah bin Amr (may Allah be pleased with him), narrates that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) decreed ten camels as compensation (diyah) for each finger.

Hazrat Abdul Hameed’s grandfather, Hazrat Rafi’ bin Sinan, narrates that my parents brought a dispute concerning me to the Holy Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him). One of them was a disbeliever and the other was a Muslim. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) gave Hazrat Rafi’ the choice, so he inclined towards the disbeliever. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) prayed, “O Allah, guide him,” so he turned towards the Muslim. Thus, the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) decided in favor of the Muslim.

Hazrat Abu Huraira narrates that the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, gave the verdict of a slave or a slave-girl as compensation (diyat) for a miscarried fetus. The one against whom the verdict was given said, "Should we pay compensation for one who has neither eaten nor drunk, nor has cried or wailed? And such blood is wasted!" So the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, said, "This person speaks like a poet." In any case, the compensation (diyat) for a miscarried fetus is a slave or a slave-girl.

Hazrat Awf narrates that a letter from Hazrat Umar bin Abdul Aziz was read out: That if anyone becomes insolvent and another person finds his personal property with that person, then he alone has a greater right to that property than all the creditors, unless he has already taken some portion from the insolvent person's wealth, in which case the remaining property will be equally distributed among all the creditors. Because the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, made this decision in the same manner.

Hazrat Ikrimah states that the waiting period (‘iddah) of a woman who has obtained khula‘ will be counted as one menstrual cycle. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) gave this ruling regarding Jameelah bint Salul.

Hazrat Abu Saeed Al-Asam narrates that the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, made two rulings regarding a slave and his master: Regarding the slave, he ruled that if the slave leaves the land of war before his master, he will become free. Then, if after the slave, the master also leaves, the slave will not be returned. But if the master leaves the land of war before the slave, and then the slave leaves after him, the slave will be returned to his master.

Hazrat Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) narrates that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) separated the couple who performed li'an and gave this ruling: the man is neither responsible for the woman's residence nor her maintenance, because they have separated without divorce, and this woman is not among those whose husband has died. He also ruled that the child of this woman will not be attributed to the father, nor will the woman be accused, nor will her child be accused, and whoever accuses the woman or her child, the punishment for false accusation (qadhf) will be carried out on him.

Hazrat Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) says that if a person sells a slave and that slave possesses some property, then that property will go to the seller, unless the buyer stipulates a condition. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) gave a similar ruling.

Hazrat Dumrah bin Habib narrates that the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, assigned the responsibility of household chores to Hazrat Fatimah, and entrusted the responsibility of work outside the home to Hazrat Ali, may Allah be pleased with him.

Hazrat Ibn Abi Mulaika narrates that the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, gave the verdict of pre-emption (shuf‘a) in everything: whether it is land, a house, a slave-girl, or an animal. So Ata said that pre-emption is only in a house and land. Then Ibn Abi Mulaika said: May your mother die! Did you not hear? I am saying: the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, said this, and you are saying this?

Hazrat Ikrimah narrates that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) decided the blood money of twelve thousand (12,000) for an Ansari man who had been killed by a freed slave of Banu Adi. And regarding these people, this verse was revealed: "And they were not recompensed except that Allah and His Messenger enriched them out of His bounty."

Hazrat Alqamah narrates that a man came to Hazrat Abdullah bin Masood (may Allah be pleased with him) and asked: One of our men married a woman, and neither was her dowry fixed nor had they consummated the marriage when the man died. So Abdullah bin Masood (may Allah be pleased with him) said: Since I parted from the Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), I have not been asked about anything heavier than this question! Ikrimah narrates that he remained in doubt and uncertainty about this issue for a month, then said: Soon I will present my personal opinion on this matter; if it is correct, it will be from Allah Almighty, and if it is wrong, then that opinion will be from myself and from Satan. My opinion is that this woman will receive a dowry equal to that of women of her status, neither less nor more, and this woman will also receive inheritance, and it will be obligatory for her to observe the waiting period (‘iddah) for her deceased husband. Then some people from the tribe of Ashja’ stood up and said: We bear witness that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) gave the same verdict regarding one of our women as you have given, and that woman’s name was Barwah bint Washiq. Ikrimah narrates: I have never seen Ibn Masood as happy as he was on that day.

Hazrat Jabir bin Abdullah (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates that one of us gave a date palm tree to his mother during her lifetime. When his mother passed away, he said that he was more entitled to his date palm tree, but the Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) decided that the tree would be considered inheritance.

Hazrat Muhammad bin Abi Darrar narrates that two men brought a dispute to the service of the Noble Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, so he, peace and blessings be upon him, gave a verdict against one of them. Muhammad bin Abi Darrar narrates that the man began to glare, as if he was rejecting the verdict of the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, and desiring otherwise. So the Noble Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, said: I am only a human being; I give judgment according to what I deem appropriate. So if I have given a verdict in favor of someone regarding his brother’s right, then he should not take that right.

Hazrat Aisha (may Allah be pleased with her) narrates that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) decreed that the benefit from a slave belongs to the one who bears responsibility for him.

It is narrated from Hazrat Umm Salamah that the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, said: "You bring your disputes to me, and I am only a human being. Perhaps some of you may present your argument more eloquently than others, so I judge between you according to what I hear. Thus, if I have judged in favor of someone, granting him a right that belongs to his brother, then he should not take it, for I have only given him a piece of fire, which he will carry on the Day of Resurrection."

Hazrat Abu Musa narrates that two men claimed ownership of an animal, and neither of them had any witnesses. So, the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) decided in favor of both regarding the animal.

Hazrat Zuhri states that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) gave the ruling of diyat, that is, one hundred camels, regarding the male organ when it was cut off from the root or when its tip was cut off.

Imam Zuhri says that Umar bin Abdul Aziz called me and asked about Qasamah, and said, "I am considering abolishing it, because a Bedouin comes and gives testimony, and likewise a person who was absent from the scene comes and gives testimony." So Imam Zuhri says that I said, "O Commander of the Faithful! It is not within your power to abolish it, because the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) himself, and after him the Rightly Guided Caliphs, have given rulings regarding it."

Hazrat Jabir bin Abdullah narrates that the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, declared the right to the land for the one who cultivates it, and that there will be nothing for those who come after. In this, no condition or exception set by the giver will be considered.

Hazrat Syed Muhammad Baqir narrates that the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him and his family, decided to give the daughter of Hazrat Hamza into the care of Hazrat Ja'far and said that indeed, the maternal aunt of Hamza's daughter is married to Ja'far, and the maternal aunt is like the mother.

Hazrat Mak'hool narrates that the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, gave the following ruling regarding a wound on the head or face that reaches the bone or goes beyond it: for a wound that reaches the bone, there are five camels; and for a wound that breaks the bone and displaces it from its place, there are fifteen camels. And for a wound that reaches the membrane of the brain, he ruled for one third of the full blood money, and for a wound that reaches inside the abdomen, he also ruled for one third of the blood money.