المطالب العالية بزوائد المسانيد الثمانية
Al-Matalib al-'Aliyah
كتاب الفتوح
Book of Conquests
بَابُ مقتل عثمان بن عفان رضي اللَّهُ عَنْهُ
The killing of Uthman bin Affan (may Allah be pleased with him)
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قَالَ إِسْحَاقُ : أَخْبَرَنَا الْمُعْتَمِرُ بْنُ سُلَيْمَانَ ، أَنَا أَبِي ، أَنَا أَبُو نَضْرَةَ ، عَنْ أَبِي سَعِيدٍ مَوْلَى أَبِي أُسَيْدٍ الْأَنْصَارِيِّ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ : سَمِعَ عُثْمَانُ بْنُ عَفَّانَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ أَنَّ وَفْدَ أَهْلِ مِصْرَ قَدْ أَقْبَلُوا ، فَاسْتَقْبَلَهُمْ ، وَكَانَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ فِي قَرْيَةٍ خَارِجًا مِنَ الْمَدِينَةِ - أَوْ كَمَا قَالَ - : فَلَمَّا سَمِعُوا بِهِ ، أَقْبَلُوا نَحْوَهُ إِلَى الْمَكَانِ الَّذِي هُوَ فِيهِ ، قَالُوا : كَرِهَ أَنْ يَقْدَمُوا عَلَيْهِ الْمَدِينَةَ أَوْ نَحْوَ ذَلِكَ ، فَأَتَوْهُ فَقَالُوا لَهُ : ادْعُ بِالْمُصْحَفِ ، قَالَ : فَدَعَا بِالْمُصْحَفِ ، فَقَالُوا لَهُ : افْتَحِ السَّابِعَةَ ، وَكَانُوا يُسَمُّونَ سُورَةَ يُونُسَ السَّابِعَةَ ، فَقَرَأَ حَتَّى أَتَى هَذِهِ الْآيَةَ : قُلْ أَرَأَيْتُمْ مَا أَنْـزَلَ اللهُ لَكُمْ مِنْ رِزْقٍ فَجَعَلْتُمْ مِنْهُ حَرَامًا وَحَلالا قُلْ آللهُ أَذِنَ لَكُمْ أَمْ عَلَى اللهِ تَفْتَرُونَ ، فَقَالُوا لَهُ : قِفْ ، أَرَأَيْتَ مَا حُمِيَ مِنْ حِمَى اللهِ تَعَالَى ، آللهُ أَذِنَ لَكَ أَمْ عَلَى اللهِ تَفْتَرِي ؟ فَقَالَ : أَمْضِهِ ، نَزَلَتْ فِي كَذَا وَكَذَا ، وَأَمَّا الْحِمَى ، فَإِنَّ عُمَرَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ حَمَى الْحِمَى قَبْلِي لِإِبِلِ الصَّدَقَةِ ، فَلَمَّا وُلِّيتُ حَمَيْتُ لِإِبِلِ الصَّدَقَةِ ، أَمْضِهِ ، فَجَعَلُوا يَأْخُذُونَهُ بِالْآيَةِ ، فَيَقُولُ : أَمْضِهِ نَزَلَتْ فِي كَذَا وَكَذَا ، قَالَ : وَكَانَ الَّذِي يَلِي عُثْمَانُ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ فِي سِنِّكَ ، قَالَ : يَقُولُ أَبُو نَضْرَةَ ذَلِكَ لِي أَبُو سَعِيدٍ وَأَنَا فِي سِنِّكَ ، قَالَ أَبِي : وَلَمْ يَخْرُجْ وَجْهِي يَوْمَئِذٍ ، لَا أَدْرِي لَعَلَّهُ قَالَ مَرَّةً أُخْرَى : وَأَنَا يَوْمَئِذٍ ابْنُ ثَلَاثِينَ سَنَةً .
قَالَ : ثُمَّ أَخَذُوهُ بِأَشْيَاءَ لَمْ يَكُنْ عِنْدَهُ مِنْهَا مَخْرَجٌ ، فَعَرَفَهَا ، فَقَالَ : أَسْتَغْفِرُ اللهَ وَأَتُوبُ إِلَيْهِ ، ثُمَّ قَالَ لَهُمْ : مَا تُرِيدُونَ ؟ قَالُوا : فَأَخَذُوا مِيثَاقَهُ وَكَتَبَ عَلَيْهِمْ شَرْطًا ، ثُمَّ أَخَذَ عَلَيْهِمْ أَنْ لَا يَشُقُّوا عَصًا ، وَلَا يُفَارِقُوا جَمَاعَةً ، مَا قَامَ لَهُمْ بِشَرْطِهِمْ ، أَوْ كَمَا أَخَذُوا عَلَيْهِ - فَقَالَ لَهُمْ : مَا تُرِيدُونَ ؟ قَالُوا : نُرِيدُ أَنْ لَا يَأْخُذَ أَهْلُ الْمَدِينَةِ عَطَاءً ، فَإِنَّمَا هَذَا الْمَالُ لِمَنْ قَاتَلَ عَلَيْهِ ، وَلِهَذِهِ الشُّيُوخِ مِنْ أَصْحَابِ مُحَمَّدٍ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، فَرَضُوا ، وَأَقْبَلُوا مَعَهُ إِلَى الْمَدِينَةِ رَاضِينَ .
قَالَ فَقَامَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ فَخَطَبَهُمْ ، فَقَالَ : إِنِّي وَاللهِ مَا رَأَيْتُ وَفْدًا فِي الْأَرْضِ هُوَ خَيْرٌ مِنْ هَذَا الْوَفْدِ الَّذِي مِنْ أَهْلِ مِصْرَ ، أَلَا مَنْ كَانَ لَهُ زَرْعٌ فَلْيَلْحَقْ بِزَرْعِهِ ، وَمَنْ كَانَ لَهُ ضَرْعٌ فَيَحْتَلِبْ ، أَلَا إِنَّهُ لَا مَالَ لَكُمْ عِنْدَنَا ، قَالَ : فَغَضِبَ النَّاسُ وَقَالُوا : هَذَا مَكْرُ بَنِي أُمَيَّةَ .
ثُمَّ رَجَعَ الْوَفْدُ الْمِصْرِيُّونَ رَاضِينَ ، فَبَيْنَمَا هُمْ فِي الطَّرِيقِ إِذَا هُمْ بِرَاكِبٍ يَتَعَرَّضُ لَهُمْ وَيُفَارِقُهُمْ ، ثُمَّ يَرْجِعُ إِلَيْهِمْ ، ثُمَّ يُفَارِقُهُمْ وَيَسُبُّهُمْ ، قَالُوا لَهُ : مَا لَكَ ؟ إِنَّ لَكَ لَأَمْرًا ، مَا شَأْنُكَ ؟ فَقَالَ : أَنَا رَسُولُ أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ إِلَى عَامِلِهِ بِمِصْرَ ، فَفَتَّشُوهُ فَإِذَا هُمْ بِالْكِتَابِ مَعَهُ عَلَى لِسَانِ عُثْمَانَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ ، عَلَيْهِ خَاتَمُهُ إِلَى عَامِلِهِ بِمِصْرَ أَنْ يَقْتُلَهُمْ أَوْ يَصْلُبَهُمْ ، أَوْ يَقْطَعَ أَيْدِيَهُمْ وَأَرْجُلَهُمْ مِنْ خِلَافٍ ، فَأَقْبَلُوا حَتَّى قَدِمُوا الْمَدِينَةَ ، فَأَتَوْا عَلِيًّا رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ ، فَقَالُوا : أَلَمْ تَرَ إِلَى عَدُوِّ اللهِ يَكْتُبُ فِينَا كَذَا وَكَذَا ، وَإِنَّ اللهَ قَدْ أَحَلَّ دَمَهُ ، قُمْ مَعَنَا إِلَيْهِ ، قَالَ : وَاللهِ لَا أَقُومُ مَعَكُمْ إِلَيْهِ ، قَالُوا : فَلِمَ كَتَبْتَ إِلَيْنَا ؟ قَالَ : وَاللهِ مَا كَتَبْتُ إِلَيْكُمْ كِتَابًا قَطُّ ، قَالَ : فَنَظَرَ بَعْضُهُمْ إِلَى بَعْضٍ . فَقَالُوا : لِهَذَا تُقَاتِلُونَ أَمْ لِهَذَا تَغْضَبُونَ ؟ فَانْطَلَقَ عَلِيٌّ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ يَخْرُجُ مِنَ الْمَدِينَةِ إِلَى قَرْيَةٍ .
فَانْطَلَقُوا حَتَّى دَخَلُوا عَلَى عُثْمَانَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ ، فَقَالُوا لَهُ : كَتَبْتَ فِينَا كَذَا وَكَذَا ، وَإِنَّ اللهَ قَدْ أَحَلَّ دَمَكَ ، فَقَالَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ : إِنَّهُمَا اثْنَتَانِ : أَنْ تُقِيمُوا عَلَيَّ رَجُلَيْنِ مِنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ ، أَوْ يَمِينِي بِاللهِ الَّذِي لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا هُوَ مَا كَتَبْتُ ، وَلَا أَمْلَيْتُ وَلَا عَلِمْتُ ، وَقَدْ تَعْلَمُونَ أَنَّ الْكِتَابَ يُكْتَبُ عَلَى كِتَابِ الرَّجُلِ ، وَقَدْ يُنْقَشُ الْخَاتَمُ عَلَى الْخَاتَمِ ، قَالُوا : فَوَاللهِ لَقَدْ أَحَلَّ اللهُ دَمَكَ بِنَقْضِ الْعَهْدِ وَالْمِيثَاقِ .
قَالَ : فَحَاصَرُوهُ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ ، فَأَشْرَفَ عَلَيْهِمْ ، وَهُوَ مَحْصُورٌ ذَاتَ يَوْمٍ ، فَقَالَ : السَّلَامُ عَلَيْكُمْ . قَالَ أَبُو سَعِيدٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ : فَوَاللهِ مَا أَسْمَعُ أَحَدًا مِنَ النَّاسِ رَدَّ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامَ ، إِلَّا أَنْ يَرُدَّ الرَّجُلُ فِي نَفْسِهِ ، فَقَالَ : أَنْشُدُكُمْ بِاللهِ الَّذِي لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا هُوَ هَلْ عَلِمْتُمْ ؟ قَالَ : فَذَكَرَ شَيْئًا فِي شَأْنِهِ ، وَذَكَرَ أَيْضًا أُرَى كِتَابَتَهُ الْمُفَصَّلَ فَفَشَا النَّهْيُ ، فَجَعَلَ يَقُولُ النَّاسُ : مَهْلًا عَنْ أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ، فَفَشَا النَّهْيُ فَقَامَ الْأَشْتَرُ ، فَقَالَ : فَلَا أَدْرِي ، أَيَوْمُئِذٍ أَمْ يَوْمٌ آخَرُ ، قَالَ : فَلَعَلَّهُ قَدْ مُكِرَ بِهِ وَبِكُمْ ، قَالَ : فَوَطِئَهُ النَّاسُ حَتَّى لَقِيَ كَذَا وَكَذَا ، ثُمَّ إِنَّهُ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ أَشْرَفَ عَلَيْهِمْ مَرَّةً أُخْرَى ، فَوَعَظَهُمْ وَذَكَّرَهُمْ ، فَلَمْ تَأْخُذْ فِيهِمُ الْمَوْعِظَةُ ، وَكَانَ النَّاسُ تَأْخُذُ فِيهِمُ الْمَوْعِظَةُ أَوَّلَ مَا يَسْمَعُونَ بِهَا ، فَإِذَا أُعِيدَتْ عَلَيْهِمْ لَمْ تَأْخُذْ فِيهِمْ ، قَالَ : ثُمَّ إِنَّهُ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ فَتَحَ الْبَابَ وَوَضَعَ الْمُصْحَفَ بَيْنَ يَدَيْهِ ، وَذَلِكَ أَنَّهُ رَأَى النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، فَقَالَ لَهُ : يَا عُثْمَانُ ، أَفْطِرْ عِنْدَنَا اللَّيْلَةَ .
قَالَ أَبِي : فَحَدَّثَنِي الْحَسَنُ أَنَّ مُحَمَّدَ بْنَ أَبِي بَكْرٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ دَخَلَ عَلَيْهِ ، فَأَخَذَ بِلِحْيَتِهِ ، فَقَالَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ : لَقَدْ أَخَذْتَ مِنِّي مَأْخَذًا ، أَوْ قَعَدْتَ مِنِّي مَقْعَدًا - مَا كَانَ أَبُوكَ لِيَقْعُدَهُ - أَوْ قَالَ : لِيَأْخُذَهُ - فَخَرَجَ وَتَرَكَهُ ، وَدَخَلَ عَلَيْهِ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ رَجُلٌ يُقَالُ لَهُ : الْمَوْتُ الْأَسْوَدُ ، فَخَنَقَهُ ، ثُمَّ خَنَقَهُ ، ثُمَّ خَرَجَ ، فَقَالَ : وَاللهِ لَقَدْ خَنَقْتُهُ ، فَمَا رَأَيْتُ شَيْئًا قَطُّ أَلْيَنَ مِنْ حَلْقِهِ ، حَتَّى رَأَيْتُ نَفَسَهُ يَتَرَدَّدُ فِي جَسَدِهِ كَنَفَسِ الْجَانِّ ، قَالَ : فَخَرَجَ وَتَرَكَهُ .
قَالَ : وَفِي حَدِيثِ أَبِي سَعِيدٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ : وَدَخَلَ عَلَيْهِ رَجُلٌ ، فَقَالَ : بَيْنِي وَبَيْنَكَ كِتَابُ اللهِ ، فَخَرَجَ وَتَرَكَهُ ، ثُمَّ دَخَلَ عَلَيْهِ آخَرُ ، فَقَالَ : بَيْنِي وَبَيْنَكَ كِتَابُ اللهِ تَعَالَى ، وَالْمُصْحَفُ بَيْنَ يَدَيْهِ ، فَأَهْوَى بِالسَّيْفِ ، فَاتَّقَاهُ عُثْمَانُ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ بِيَدِهِ فَقَطَعَهَا ، فَمَا أَدْرِي أَبَانَهَا ، أَمْ قَطَعَهَا ، وَلَمْ يُبِنْهَا ، قَالَ عُثْمَانُ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ : أَمَا وَاللهِ إِنَّهَا لَأَوَّلُ كَفٍّ خَطَّتِ الْمُفَصَّلَ .
قَالَ : وَقَالَ فِي غَيْرِ حَدِيثِ أَبِي سَعِيدٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ : فَدَخَلَ عَلَيْهِ التُّجِيبِيُّ ، فَأَشْعَرَهُ مِشْقَصًا ، فَانْتَضَحَ الدَّمُ عَلَى هَذِهِ الْآيَةِ : فَسَيَكْفِيكَهُمُ اللهُ وَهُوَ السَّمِيعُ الْعَلِيمُ قَالَ : فَإِنَّهَا فِي الْمُصْحَفِ مَا حُكَّتْ بَعْدُ ، قَالَ : وَأَخَذَتْ بِنْتُ الْفُرَافِصَةِ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهَا حُلِيَّهَا فِي حَدِيثِ أَبِي سَعِيدٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ ، فَوَضَعَتْهُ فِي حَجْرِهَا ، وَذَلِكَ قَبْلَ أَنْ يُقْتَلَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ ، فَلَمَّا أُشْعِرَ - أَوْ قُتِلَ - تَفَاجَّتْ عَلَيْهِ ، فَقَالَ بَعْضُهُمْ : قَاتَلَهَا اللهُ مَا أَعْظَمَ عَجِيزَتَهَا ! فَقَالَ أَبُو سَعِيدٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ : فَعَلِمْتُ أَنَّ أَعْدَاءَ اللهِ لَمْ يُرِيدُوا إِلَّا الدُّنْيَا .
قُلْتُ : رِجَالُهُ ثِقَاتٌ ، سَمِعَ بَعْضُهُمْ مِنْ بَعْضٍ .
قَالَ : ثُمَّ أَخَذُوهُ بِأَشْيَاءَ لَمْ يَكُنْ عِنْدَهُ مِنْهَا مَخْرَجٌ ، فَعَرَفَهَا ، فَقَالَ : أَسْتَغْفِرُ اللهَ وَأَتُوبُ إِلَيْهِ ، ثُمَّ قَالَ لَهُمْ : مَا تُرِيدُونَ ؟ قَالُوا : فَأَخَذُوا مِيثَاقَهُ وَكَتَبَ عَلَيْهِمْ شَرْطًا ، ثُمَّ أَخَذَ عَلَيْهِمْ أَنْ لَا يَشُقُّوا عَصًا ، وَلَا يُفَارِقُوا جَمَاعَةً ، مَا قَامَ لَهُمْ بِشَرْطِهِمْ ، أَوْ كَمَا أَخَذُوا عَلَيْهِ - فَقَالَ لَهُمْ : مَا تُرِيدُونَ ؟ قَالُوا : نُرِيدُ أَنْ لَا يَأْخُذَ أَهْلُ الْمَدِينَةِ عَطَاءً ، فَإِنَّمَا هَذَا الْمَالُ لِمَنْ قَاتَلَ عَلَيْهِ ، وَلِهَذِهِ الشُّيُوخِ مِنْ أَصْحَابِ مُحَمَّدٍ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، فَرَضُوا ، وَأَقْبَلُوا مَعَهُ إِلَى الْمَدِينَةِ رَاضِينَ .
قَالَ فَقَامَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ فَخَطَبَهُمْ ، فَقَالَ : إِنِّي وَاللهِ مَا رَأَيْتُ وَفْدًا فِي الْأَرْضِ هُوَ خَيْرٌ مِنْ هَذَا الْوَفْدِ الَّذِي مِنْ أَهْلِ مِصْرَ ، أَلَا مَنْ كَانَ لَهُ زَرْعٌ فَلْيَلْحَقْ بِزَرْعِهِ ، وَمَنْ كَانَ لَهُ ضَرْعٌ فَيَحْتَلِبْ ، أَلَا إِنَّهُ لَا مَالَ لَكُمْ عِنْدَنَا ، قَالَ : فَغَضِبَ النَّاسُ وَقَالُوا : هَذَا مَكْرُ بَنِي أُمَيَّةَ .
ثُمَّ رَجَعَ الْوَفْدُ الْمِصْرِيُّونَ رَاضِينَ ، فَبَيْنَمَا هُمْ فِي الطَّرِيقِ إِذَا هُمْ بِرَاكِبٍ يَتَعَرَّضُ لَهُمْ وَيُفَارِقُهُمْ ، ثُمَّ يَرْجِعُ إِلَيْهِمْ ، ثُمَّ يُفَارِقُهُمْ وَيَسُبُّهُمْ ، قَالُوا لَهُ : مَا لَكَ ؟ إِنَّ لَكَ لَأَمْرًا ، مَا شَأْنُكَ ؟ فَقَالَ : أَنَا رَسُولُ أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ إِلَى عَامِلِهِ بِمِصْرَ ، فَفَتَّشُوهُ فَإِذَا هُمْ بِالْكِتَابِ مَعَهُ عَلَى لِسَانِ عُثْمَانَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ ، عَلَيْهِ خَاتَمُهُ إِلَى عَامِلِهِ بِمِصْرَ أَنْ يَقْتُلَهُمْ أَوْ يَصْلُبَهُمْ ، أَوْ يَقْطَعَ أَيْدِيَهُمْ وَأَرْجُلَهُمْ مِنْ خِلَافٍ ، فَأَقْبَلُوا حَتَّى قَدِمُوا الْمَدِينَةَ ، فَأَتَوْا عَلِيًّا رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ ، فَقَالُوا : أَلَمْ تَرَ إِلَى عَدُوِّ اللهِ يَكْتُبُ فِينَا كَذَا وَكَذَا ، وَإِنَّ اللهَ قَدْ أَحَلَّ دَمَهُ ، قُمْ مَعَنَا إِلَيْهِ ، قَالَ : وَاللهِ لَا أَقُومُ مَعَكُمْ إِلَيْهِ ، قَالُوا : فَلِمَ كَتَبْتَ إِلَيْنَا ؟ قَالَ : وَاللهِ مَا كَتَبْتُ إِلَيْكُمْ كِتَابًا قَطُّ ، قَالَ : فَنَظَرَ بَعْضُهُمْ إِلَى بَعْضٍ . فَقَالُوا : لِهَذَا تُقَاتِلُونَ أَمْ لِهَذَا تَغْضَبُونَ ؟ فَانْطَلَقَ عَلِيٌّ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ يَخْرُجُ مِنَ الْمَدِينَةِ إِلَى قَرْيَةٍ .
فَانْطَلَقُوا حَتَّى دَخَلُوا عَلَى عُثْمَانَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ ، فَقَالُوا لَهُ : كَتَبْتَ فِينَا كَذَا وَكَذَا ، وَإِنَّ اللهَ قَدْ أَحَلَّ دَمَكَ ، فَقَالَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ : إِنَّهُمَا اثْنَتَانِ : أَنْ تُقِيمُوا عَلَيَّ رَجُلَيْنِ مِنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ ، أَوْ يَمِينِي بِاللهِ الَّذِي لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا هُوَ مَا كَتَبْتُ ، وَلَا أَمْلَيْتُ وَلَا عَلِمْتُ ، وَقَدْ تَعْلَمُونَ أَنَّ الْكِتَابَ يُكْتَبُ عَلَى كِتَابِ الرَّجُلِ ، وَقَدْ يُنْقَشُ الْخَاتَمُ عَلَى الْخَاتَمِ ، قَالُوا : فَوَاللهِ لَقَدْ أَحَلَّ اللهُ دَمَكَ بِنَقْضِ الْعَهْدِ وَالْمِيثَاقِ .
قَالَ : فَحَاصَرُوهُ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ ، فَأَشْرَفَ عَلَيْهِمْ ، وَهُوَ مَحْصُورٌ ذَاتَ يَوْمٍ ، فَقَالَ : السَّلَامُ عَلَيْكُمْ . قَالَ أَبُو سَعِيدٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ : فَوَاللهِ مَا أَسْمَعُ أَحَدًا مِنَ النَّاسِ رَدَّ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامَ ، إِلَّا أَنْ يَرُدَّ الرَّجُلُ فِي نَفْسِهِ ، فَقَالَ : أَنْشُدُكُمْ بِاللهِ الَّذِي لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا هُوَ هَلْ عَلِمْتُمْ ؟ قَالَ : فَذَكَرَ شَيْئًا فِي شَأْنِهِ ، وَذَكَرَ أَيْضًا أُرَى كِتَابَتَهُ الْمُفَصَّلَ فَفَشَا النَّهْيُ ، فَجَعَلَ يَقُولُ النَّاسُ : مَهْلًا عَنْ أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ، فَفَشَا النَّهْيُ فَقَامَ الْأَشْتَرُ ، فَقَالَ : فَلَا أَدْرِي ، أَيَوْمُئِذٍ أَمْ يَوْمٌ آخَرُ ، قَالَ : فَلَعَلَّهُ قَدْ مُكِرَ بِهِ وَبِكُمْ ، قَالَ : فَوَطِئَهُ النَّاسُ حَتَّى لَقِيَ كَذَا وَكَذَا ، ثُمَّ إِنَّهُ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ أَشْرَفَ عَلَيْهِمْ مَرَّةً أُخْرَى ، فَوَعَظَهُمْ وَذَكَّرَهُمْ ، فَلَمْ تَأْخُذْ فِيهِمُ الْمَوْعِظَةُ ، وَكَانَ النَّاسُ تَأْخُذُ فِيهِمُ الْمَوْعِظَةُ أَوَّلَ مَا يَسْمَعُونَ بِهَا ، فَإِذَا أُعِيدَتْ عَلَيْهِمْ لَمْ تَأْخُذْ فِيهِمْ ، قَالَ : ثُمَّ إِنَّهُ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ فَتَحَ الْبَابَ وَوَضَعَ الْمُصْحَفَ بَيْنَ يَدَيْهِ ، وَذَلِكَ أَنَّهُ رَأَى النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، فَقَالَ لَهُ : يَا عُثْمَانُ ، أَفْطِرْ عِنْدَنَا اللَّيْلَةَ .
قَالَ أَبِي : فَحَدَّثَنِي الْحَسَنُ أَنَّ مُحَمَّدَ بْنَ أَبِي بَكْرٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ دَخَلَ عَلَيْهِ ، فَأَخَذَ بِلِحْيَتِهِ ، فَقَالَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ : لَقَدْ أَخَذْتَ مِنِّي مَأْخَذًا ، أَوْ قَعَدْتَ مِنِّي مَقْعَدًا - مَا كَانَ أَبُوكَ لِيَقْعُدَهُ - أَوْ قَالَ : لِيَأْخُذَهُ - فَخَرَجَ وَتَرَكَهُ ، وَدَخَلَ عَلَيْهِ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ رَجُلٌ يُقَالُ لَهُ : الْمَوْتُ الْأَسْوَدُ ، فَخَنَقَهُ ، ثُمَّ خَنَقَهُ ، ثُمَّ خَرَجَ ، فَقَالَ : وَاللهِ لَقَدْ خَنَقْتُهُ ، فَمَا رَأَيْتُ شَيْئًا قَطُّ أَلْيَنَ مِنْ حَلْقِهِ ، حَتَّى رَأَيْتُ نَفَسَهُ يَتَرَدَّدُ فِي جَسَدِهِ كَنَفَسِ الْجَانِّ ، قَالَ : فَخَرَجَ وَتَرَكَهُ .
قَالَ : وَفِي حَدِيثِ أَبِي سَعِيدٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ : وَدَخَلَ عَلَيْهِ رَجُلٌ ، فَقَالَ : بَيْنِي وَبَيْنَكَ كِتَابُ اللهِ ، فَخَرَجَ وَتَرَكَهُ ، ثُمَّ دَخَلَ عَلَيْهِ آخَرُ ، فَقَالَ : بَيْنِي وَبَيْنَكَ كِتَابُ اللهِ تَعَالَى ، وَالْمُصْحَفُ بَيْنَ يَدَيْهِ ، فَأَهْوَى بِالسَّيْفِ ، فَاتَّقَاهُ عُثْمَانُ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ بِيَدِهِ فَقَطَعَهَا ، فَمَا أَدْرِي أَبَانَهَا ، أَمْ قَطَعَهَا ، وَلَمْ يُبِنْهَا ، قَالَ عُثْمَانُ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ : أَمَا وَاللهِ إِنَّهَا لَأَوَّلُ كَفٍّ خَطَّتِ الْمُفَصَّلَ .
قَالَ : وَقَالَ فِي غَيْرِ حَدِيثِ أَبِي سَعِيدٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ : فَدَخَلَ عَلَيْهِ التُّجِيبِيُّ ، فَأَشْعَرَهُ مِشْقَصًا ، فَانْتَضَحَ الدَّمُ عَلَى هَذِهِ الْآيَةِ : فَسَيَكْفِيكَهُمُ اللهُ وَهُوَ السَّمِيعُ الْعَلِيمُ قَالَ : فَإِنَّهَا فِي الْمُصْحَفِ مَا حُكَّتْ بَعْدُ ، قَالَ : وَأَخَذَتْ بِنْتُ الْفُرَافِصَةِ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهَا حُلِيَّهَا فِي حَدِيثِ أَبِي سَعِيدٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ ، فَوَضَعَتْهُ فِي حَجْرِهَا ، وَذَلِكَ قَبْلَ أَنْ يُقْتَلَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ ، فَلَمَّا أُشْعِرَ - أَوْ قُتِلَ - تَفَاجَّتْ عَلَيْهِ ، فَقَالَ بَعْضُهُمْ : قَاتَلَهَا اللهُ مَا أَعْظَمَ عَجِيزَتَهَا ! فَقَالَ أَبُو سَعِيدٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ : فَعَلِمْتُ أَنَّ أَعْدَاءَ اللهِ لَمْ يُرِيدُوا إِلَّا الدُّنْيَا .
قُلْتُ : رِجَالُهُ ثِقَاتٌ ، سَمِعَ بَعْضُهُمْ مِنْ بَعْضٍ .
It is narrated from Abu Sa'id (may Allah have mercy on him), the freed slave of Sayyiduna Abu Usayd al-Ansari (may Allah be pleased with him), that the Commander of the Believers, Sayyiduna Uthman bin Affan (may Allah be pleased with him), received news that a delegation of the people of Egypt was coming, so he went out of Madinah to a village to receive them. When the delegation heard of his coming, they came to the very place where he was staying; people thought that he disliked their coming into Madinah. They asked him to bring the Qur'an; he sent for the mushaf, and they said: "Open the seventh surah (which they called Surah Yunus)." He began reciting until he reached this verse: "Say: Have you considered what Allah has sent down for you of provision, and you have made some of it unlawful and some lawful? Say: Has Allah permitted you, or do you invent lies against Allah?" [Surah Yunus: 59]. They said: "Stop! Tell us: the state pastures (hima) that have been reserved, has Allah permitted this, or are you inventing lies against Allah?" He said: "Proceed further; this verse was revealed about such-and-such a matter. As for the pastures, Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) reserved pastures before me for the camels of charity (sadaqah), and when I became caliph I too reserved a pasture for the camels of charity. Proceed further." They kept taking him to task with various verses, and he would say: "Go on; this verse was revealed in such-and-such a context." The narrator says that at that time a young man was sitting with Uthman (may Allah be pleased with him) who was of (Abu Nadrah's) age. Abu Nadrah says that Abu Sa'id said this to me when I was of your age. (Mu'tamir says:) My father said: My face had not yet grown (a beard) at that time; and I do not know, perhaps he said on another occasion: And I was thirty years old that day. Then they took him to task over matters for which he had no answer, so he acknowledged those mistakes and said: 'Astaghfirullaha wa atubu ilayh' (I seek forgiveness from Allah and repent to Him). Then he asked them: "What do you want?" They took a covenant and pledge from him, and he wrote a condition upon them that as long as he kept fulfilling their demands, they would neither rebel nor separate from the Jama'ah. They demanded: "The people of Madinah should not receive stipends from the public treasury, for this wealth belongs to those who fought for it and is the right of these elderly Companions of Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him)." They were satisfied with this and happily returned with him to Madinah. Then Uthman (may Allah be pleased with him) delivered a sermon and said: "By Allah! I have not seen on the face of the earth a delegation better than this delegation of the people of Egypt. Beware! Whoever has crops, let him attend to his crops, and whoever has livestock, let him milk them. Remember! We now have no wealth (stipend) for you." At this the people became angry and said: "This is a scheme of Banu Umayyah." Then the delegation of Egypt set off back, satisfied. On the way they met a rider who kept coming in front of them, sometimes disappearing and sometimes reviling them. They asked him: "What is the matter with you? There seems to be something particular; what is your affair?" He said: "I am the messenger of the Commander of the Believers, going to the governor of Egypt." They searched him and a letter was found bearing the seal of Uthman (may Allah be pleased with him), in which the governor was ordered: "Kill these people, or crucify them, or cut off their hands and feet from opposite sides." Seeing this, they went back to Madinah, went to Sayyiduna Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) and said: "Have you not seen this enemy of Allah who wrote such a thing about us? Allah has made his blood lawful; come with us to him." Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) said: "By Allah! I will not go with you." They said: "Then why did you write to us?" He said: "By Allah! I never wrote you any letter." They looked at one another in astonishment and said: "Is it for this that you are fighting, or for this that you are angry?" Then Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) left Madinah for a village. They went to Uthman (may Allah be pleased with him) and said: "You wrote such a thing about us, and Allah has made your blood lawful." He said: "There are only two ways: either you produce two Muslim witnesses against me, or else I swear by Allah, besides whom there is no god worthy of worship, that I neither wrote this letter, nor dictated it, nor had any knowledge of it. You know that a letter can be written in imitation of a man's handwriting, and a seal can be engraved like another seal." They said: "By Allah! By breaking the covenant you have made your blood lawful." So they besieged him. One day during the siege he looked down from above and greeted them: 'Assalamu alaykum' (Peace be upon you). Abu Sa'id (may Allah have mercy on him) says: By Allah! I did not hear anyone return his greeting, except that someone may have answered within himself. He said: "I adjure you by Allah, besides whom there is no god worthy of worship: do you know?" Then he mentioned his virtues and other matters, and also mentioned the writing of the Qur'an which had been set out in detail. Then talk spread among the people of restraining these rebels, and people began to say: "Do not be hasty in the matter of the Commander of the Believers." When these calls to hold back became widespread, al-Ashtar stood up (the narrator says: I do not know whether this was on that day or on another day) and said: "Perhaps a scheme has been played against you and against him." The narrator says that then the people trampled him. After that Uthman (may Allah be pleased with him) again looked down from the upper room and admonished and exhorted them, but it had no effect on them; for at first they would be affected on hearing the admonition, but through repeated reiteration its effect had worn off. He opened the door of the house and placed the Qur'an before him, because he had seen the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) in a dream saying: "O Uthman! Break your fast with us tonight." The narrator says: Al-Hasan told me that Muhammad bin Abi Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) came in to him and seized his beard. Uthman (may Allah be pleased with him) said: "The way you have seized me, or the place where you are sitting, your father would never have sat there." On hearing this he left. Then a man entered who was called "al-Mawt al-Aswad" (the Black Death); he throttled him, then throttled him again, and coming out he said: "By Allah! I throttled him, and I have never seen anything softer than his throat, until I saw his soul writhing in his body like a jinn." Then he left him and went away. In the hadith of Abu Sa'id (may Allah have mercy on him) it is stated that another man entered and said: "The Book of Allah will judge between me and you," and he too left him and went away. Then yet another man came and said the same thing: "Between me and you is the Book of Allah," while the mushaf was placed before him. He attacked with his sword, and Uthman (may Allah be pleased with him) protected himself with his hand, and his hand was cut; I do not know whether the hand was severed or merely cut. Uthman (may Allah be pleased with him) said: "By Allah! This is the first hand that wrote the Mufassal surahs." In narrations other than that of Abu Sa'id (may Allah have mercy on him) it is stated that a man named al-Tujibi entered and wounded him with a short spear (mishqas), and drops of blood fell upon this verse: "So Allah will suffice you against them, and He is the All-Hearing, the All-Knowing." [Surah al-Baqarah: 137]. The narrator says that the trace of that blood has not been erased from the mushaf to this day. In the hadith of Abu Sa'id (may Allah have mercy on him) it is stated that Sayyidah Bint al-Furafisah (may Allah be pleased with her) took her jewellery and placed it in her lap; this was before the martyrdom of Uthman (may Allah be pleased with him). When he was wounded or martyred, she threw herself over him, and someone said (shamelessly): "May Allah destroy her, how large her hips are!" Abu Sa'id (may Allah have mercy on him) says: Then I realised that the aim of these enemies of Allah was nothing but the world.
I (Ibn Hajar) say: All the narrators of this narration are thiqat (trustworthy), and their hearing from one another is established.
I (Ibn Hajar) say: All the narrators of this narration are thiqat (trustworthy), and their hearing from one another is established.
أَخْبَرَنَا عَبْدُ الرَّزَّاقِ ، أَنَا مَعْمَرٌ ، عَنِ الزُّهْرِيِّ ، عَنْ كَثِيرِ بْنِ أَفْلَحَ مَوْلَى أَبِي أَيُّوبَ الْأَنْصَارِيِّ عَنْ أَبِيهِ قَالَ : كَانَ عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ سَلَامٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَأْتِيَ أَهْلُ مِصْرَ يَدْخُلُ عَلَى رُؤُوسِ قُرَيْشٍ ، فَيَقُولُ لَهُمْ : لَا تَقْتُلُوا هَذَا الرَّجُلَ ، يَعْنِي : عُثْمَانَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ ، فَيَقُولُونَ : وَاللهِ مَا نُرِيدُ قَتْلَهُ ، فَيَخْرُجُ وَهُوَ مُتَّكِئٌ عَلَى يَدَيَّ ، يَقُولُ : وَاللهِ لَيَقْتُلُنَّهُ ، ثُمَّ قَالَ لَهُمْ : لَا تَقْتُلُوهُ ، فَوَاللهِ لَيَمُوتَنَّ إِلَى أَرْبَعِينَ يَوْمًا ، فَأَبَوْا ، فَخَرَجَ عَلَيْهِمْ بَعْدَ أَيَّامٍ فَقَالَ لَهُمْ : لَا تَقْتُلُوهُ ، فَوَاللهِ لَيَمُوتَنَّ إِلَى خَمْسَ عَشْرَةَ لَيْلَةً .
هَذَا إِسْنَادٌ حَسَنٌ .
هَذَا إِسْنَادٌ حَسَنٌ .
Kathir bin Aflah, the mawla of Sayyiduna Abu Ayyub al-Ansari (may Allah be pleased with him), narrates from his father that Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Salam (may Allah be pleased with him), before the people of Egypt came to Madinah, used to go to the great chiefs of Quraysh and say to them: "Do not kill this man," meaning Sayyiduna Uthman (may Allah be pleased with him). They would reply: "By Allah! We have no intention of killing him." Then, when he came out from there leaning on my hands, he would say: "By Allah! These people will certainly kill him." Then he said to those people again: "Do not kill him, for by Allah! he will pass away within forty days," but those people refused to accept. Then after some days he came before them again and said: "Do not kill him, for by Allah! he will pass away within fifteen nights."
This chain is hasan (good).
This chain is hasan (good).
أَخْبَرَنَا عَبْدُ الرَّزَّاقِ ، أَنَا مَعْمَرٌ ، عَنْ أَيُّوبَ ، عَنْ حُمَيْدِ بْنِ هِلَالٍ عَنِ ابْنِ سَلَامٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ أَنَّهُ قَالَ لَهُمْ : إِنَّ الْمَلَائِكَةَ لَمْ تَزَلْ مُحِيطَةً بِمَدِينَتِكُمْ هَذِهِ مُنْذُ قَدِمَهَا رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ إِلَى الْيَوْمِ ، وَاللهِ لَئِنْ قَتَلْتُمُوهُ لَيَذْهَبُنَّ ثُمَّ لَا يَعُودُ إِلَيْكُمْ أَبَدًا ، وَإِنَّ السَّيْفَ لَمْ يَزَلْ مَغْمُودًا فِيكُمْ ، فَوَاللهِ لَئِنْ قَتَلْتُمُوهُ لَيَسُلَّنَّهُ اللهُ عَلَيْكُمْ ، ثُمَّ لَا يُغْمَدُ عَنْكُمْ أَبَدًا - أَوْ قَالَ : إِلَى يَوْمِ الْقِيَامَةِ - وَمَا قُتِلَ نَبِيٌّ إِلَّا قُتِلَ بِهِ سَبْعُونَ أَلْفًا ، وَلَا قُتِلَ خَلِيفَةٌ إِلَّا قُتِلَ بِهِ خَمْسَةٌ وَثَلَاثُونَ أَلْفًا ، وَذَكَرَ أَنَّهُ قُتِلَ عَلَى دَمِ يَحْيَى بْنِ زَكَرِيَّا سَبْعُونَ أَلْفًا .
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Salam (may Allah be pleased with him) that he addressed the people and said: "Indeed, the angels have been continuously surrounding this city of yours (Madinah) from the time the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) came here, and this has continued until this day. By Allah! If you martyr him (Sayyiduna Uthman, may Allah be pleased with him), these angels will depart from here and will never return to you. And surely the sword has until now remained in its sheath among you; so by Allah! if you kill him, Allah Almighty will draw the sword against you, and then it will never be sheathed for you again (or he said: until the Day of Resurrection). And no prophet was ever killed but seventy thousand people were killed in retaliation for him, and no caliph was ever killed but thirty-five thousand people were killed in return for him. And he also mentioned that seventy thousand people were killed in return for the blood of Sayyiduna Yahya bin Zakariyya (peace be upon them both)."
أَخْبَرَنَا مُعَاذُ بْنُ هِشَامٍ ، حَدَّثَنِي أَبِي ، عَنْ أَيُّوبَ الْأَحْمَرِ ، وَهُوَ أَيُّوبُ بْنُ عَايِدٍ ، عَنْ حُمَيْدِ بْنِ هِلَالٍ ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ مُغَفَّلٍ قَالَ : كَانَ عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ سَلَامٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ يَأْتِي عَلَى أَتَانٍ مِنْ أَرْضٍ لَهُ يَوْمَ الْجُمُعَةِ ، فَذَكَرَ الْحَدِيثَ نَحْوَ حَدِيثِ مَعْمَرٍ .
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Mughaffal (may Allah be pleased with him): "Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Salam (may Allah be pleased with him) used to come on Friday from his land riding a she-donkey," and then the narrator related the complete hadith like the narration of Ma'mar.
Imam al-Nasa'i (may Allah have mercy on him) narrated this hadith, and its chain is sahih (authentic).
Imam al-Nasa'i (may Allah have mercy on him) narrated this hadith, and its chain is sahih (authentic).
حَدَّثَنَا النَّضْرُ بْنُ شُمَيْلٍ ، ثَنَا سُلَيْمَانُ - وَهُوَ ابْنُ الْمُغِيرَةِ - ثَنَا حُمَيْدٌ - وَهُوَ ابْنُ هِلَالٍ الْعَدَوِيُّ - ثَنَا عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ مُغَفَّلٍ قَالَ : كَانَ عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ سَلَامٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ يَجِيءُ مِنْ أَرْضٍ لَهُ عَلَى أَتَانٍ أَوْ حِمَارٍ يَوْمَ الْجُمُعَةِ ، فَيُبَكِّرُ ، فَإِذَا قَضَى الصَّلَاةَ أَتَى أَرْضَهُ ، فَلَمَّا هَاجَ النَّاسُ بِعُثْمَانَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ لَهُمْ عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ سَلَامٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ : لَا تَقْتُلُوهُ ، وَاسْتَعْتِبُوهُ ، فَوَالَّذِي نَفْسِي بِيَدِهِ ، مَا قَتَلَتْ أُمَّةٌ نَبِيَّهَا ، فَأَصْلَحَ اللهُ ذَاتَ بَيْنِهِمْ حَتَّى يُهَرِيقُوا دَمَ سَبْعِينَ أَلْفًا ، وَمَا قَتَلَتْ أُمَّةٌ خَلِيفَةً ، فَأَصْلَحَ اللهُ ذَاتَ بَيْنِهِمْ حَتَّى يُهَرِيقُوا دَمَ أَرْبَعِينَ أَلْفًا ، وَمَا هَلَكَتْ أُمَّةٌ قَطُّ حَتَّى يَرْفَعُوا الْقُرْآنَ عَلَى السُّلْطَانِ ، ثُمَّ قَالَ لَهُمْ : لَا تَقْتُلُوهُ وَاسْتَعْتِبُوهُ ، قَالَ : فَمَا نَظَرُوا فِيمَا قَالَ فَقَتَلُوهُ .
قَالَ : فَجَلَسَ عَلَى طَرِيقِ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ حَتَّى أَتَاهُ عَلِيٌّ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ ، فَقَالَ لَهُ : أَيْنَ تُرِيدُ ؟ فَقَالَ : الْعِرَاقَ ، فَقَالَ : لَا تَأْتِ الْعِرَاقَ ، وَعَلَيْكَ بِمِنْبَرِ رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، فَالْزَمْهُ ، وَلَا أَدْرِي هَلْ يُنْجِيكَ ، فَوَاللهِ لَئِنْ تَرَكْتَهُ لَا تَرَاهُ أَبَدًا ، فَقَالَ مَنْ حَوْلَهُ : دَعْنَا فَلْنَقْتُلْهُ ، قَالَ عَلِيٌّ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ : إِنَّ عَبْدَ اللهِ بْنَ سَلَامٍ مِنَّا رَجُلٌ صَالِحٌ .
قَالَ ابْنُ مُغَفَّلٍ : وَكُنْتُ اسْتَأْذَنْتُ ابْنَ سَلَامٍ فِي أَرْضٍ إِلَى جَنْبِ أَرْضِهِ أَنْ أَشْتَرِيَهَا ، فَقَالَ لِي بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ : هَذَا رَأْسُ أَرْبَعِينَ سَنَةً ، وَسَيَكُونُ بَعْدَهَا صُلْحٌ ، فَاشْتَرِهَا ، قَالَ سُلَيْمَانُ : فَقُلْتُ لِحُمَيْدٍ : كَيْفَ يَرْفَعُونَ الْقُرْآنَ عَلَى السُّلْطَانِ ؟ فَقَالَ : أَلَمْ تَرَ إِلَى الْخَوَارِجِ كَيْفَ يَتَأَوَّلُونَ الْقُرْآنَ عَلَى السُّلْطَانِ .
قَالَ : فَجَلَسَ عَلَى طَرِيقِ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ حَتَّى أَتَاهُ عَلِيٌّ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ ، فَقَالَ لَهُ : أَيْنَ تُرِيدُ ؟ فَقَالَ : الْعِرَاقَ ، فَقَالَ : لَا تَأْتِ الْعِرَاقَ ، وَعَلَيْكَ بِمِنْبَرِ رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، فَالْزَمْهُ ، وَلَا أَدْرِي هَلْ يُنْجِيكَ ، فَوَاللهِ لَئِنْ تَرَكْتَهُ لَا تَرَاهُ أَبَدًا ، فَقَالَ مَنْ حَوْلَهُ : دَعْنَا فَلْنَقْتُلْهُ ، قَالَ عَلِيٌّ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ : إِنَّ عَبْدَ اللهِ بْنَ سَلَامٍ مِنَّا رَجُلٌ صَالِحٌ .
قَالَ ابْنُ مُغَفَّلٍ : وَكُنْتُ اسْتَأْذَنْتُ ابْنَ سَلَامٍ فِي أَرْضٍ إِلَى جَنْبِ أَرْضِهِ أَنْ أَشْتَرِيَهَا ، فَقَالَ لِي بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ : هَذَا رَأْسُ أَرْبَعِينَ سَنَةً ، وَسَيَكُونُ بَعْدَهَا صُلْحٌ ، فَاشْتَرِهَا ، قَالَ سُلَيْمَانُ : فَقُلْتُ لِحُمَيْدٍ : كَيْفَ يَرْفَعُونَ الْقُرْآنَ عَلَى السُّلْطَانِ ؟ فَقَالَ : أَلَمْ تَرَ إِلَى الْخَوَارِجِ كَيْفَ يَتَأَوَّلُونَ الْقُرْآنَ عَلَى السُّلْطَانِ .
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Mughaffal (may Allah be pleased with him) that Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Salam (may Allah be pleased with him) used to come (to the city) on Friday from his land riding a she-donkey or a donkey, and would arrive early for the Friday prayer; then, when the prayer was finished, he would return to his land. When the people rose up against Sayyiduna Uthman (may Allah be pleased with him) and stirred up unrest, Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Salam (may Allah be pleased with him) said to them: "Do not kill him; rather, ask him to reconsider and make amends. By the One in whose Hand is my soul! Whenever any nation killed its prophet, Allah did not set their mutual affairs right until they had shed the blood of seventy thousand souls; and whenever a nation killed its caliph, Allah did not bring peace and reconciliation among them until they had shed the blood of forty thousand souls. And no nation is ever destroyed until they raise the Qur'an (with false interpretations) against the ruler of the time." Then he again said to them emphatically: "Do not kill him; rather, ask him to reconsider." The narrator says that those wrongdoers paid no attention to his words and martyred Sayyiduna Uthman (may Allah be pleased with him).
The narrator states that then Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Salam (may Allah be pleased with him) sat on the road of Sayyiduna Ali bin Abi Talib (may Allah be pleased with him) until, when Sayyiduna Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) reached there, he asked him: "Where do you intend to go?" Sayyiduna Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) said: "To Iraq." He submitted: "Do not go to Iraq; rather, hold fast to the pulpit of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) (in Madinah) and stay there. I do not know whether this will save you (from the fitnahs) or not, but by Allah! if you leave it, you will never see it again (as the seat of the caliphate)." Hearing this, the people around Sayyiduna Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) said: "Let us kill him (who is saying such things)." Sayyiduna Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) said: "Leave him; indeed Abdullah bin Salam is a righteous and good man from among us."
Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Mughaffal (may Allah be pleased with him) states: I had sought permission from Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Salam (may Allah be pleased with him) to buy a piece of land adjoining his land, and after this incident he said to me: "This is the beginning of forty years (an era of fitnahs); after it there will soon be peace and reconciliation, so now buy that land." Sulayman says: I asked Humayd: "How do they raise the Qur'an against the ruler?" He replied: "Have you not seen how the Khawarij (wrongly) interpret the Qur'an and use it against the ruler?"
The narrator states that then Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Salam (may Allah be pleased with him) sat on the road of Sayyiduna Ali bin Abi Talib (may Allah be pleased with him) until, when Sayyiduna Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) reached there, he asked him: "Where do you intend to go?" Sayyiduna Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) said: "To Iraq." He submitted: "Do not go to Iraq; rather, hold fast to the pulpit of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) (in Madinah) and stay there. I do not know whether this will save you (from the fitnahs) or not, but by Allah! if you leave it, you will never see it again (as the seat of the caliphate)." Hearing this, the people around Sayyiduna Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) said: "Let us kill him (who is saying such things)." Sayyiduna Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) said: "Leave him; indeed Abdullah bin Salam is a righteous and good man from among us."
Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Mughaffal (may Allah be pleased with him) states: I had sought permission from Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Salam (may Allah be pleased with him) to buy a piece of land adjoining his land, and after this incident he said to me: "This is the beginning of forty years (an era of fitnahs); after it there will soon be peace and reconciliation, so now buy that land." Sulayman says: I asked Humayd: "How do they raise the Qur'an against the ruler?" He replied: "Have you not seen how the Khawarij (wrongly) interpret the Qur'an and use it against the ruler?"
وَقَالَ مُسَدَّدٌ : حَدَّثَنَا خَالِدُ بْنُ زِيَادٍ الزَّيَّاتُ ، حَدَّثَنِي زُرْعَةُ بْنُ عَمْرٍو ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ قَالَ : كَانَ أَبِي رَابِعَ أَرْبَعَةٍ فِيمَنْ دَفَنَ عُثْمَانَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ يَوْمَ الدَّارِ بَعْدَ الْعِشَاءِ الْآخِرَةِ بِالْبَقِيعِ .
Zur'ah bin Amr narrates from his father that he said: "My father (that is, Zur'ah's grandfather) was the fourth of the four persons who buried him (may Allah be pleased with him) in Jannat al-Baqi' after the Isha prayer on Yawm al-Dar (the day of the siege of the house of Sayyiduna Uthman (may Allah be pleased with him) and his martyrdom)."
Imam Musaddad narrated it. This narration provides reliable historical information about the time of the burial of Sayyiduna Uthman al-Ghani (may Allah be pleased with him) after his martyrdom as one wronged, and about the people who took part in it.
Imam Musaddad narrated it. This narration provides reliable historical information about the time of the burial of Sayyiduna Uthman al-Ghani (may Allah be pleased with him) after his martyrdom as one wronged, and about the people who took part in it.
وَقَالَ أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مَنِيعٍ : حَدَّثَنَا شَبَابَةُ بْنُ سَوَّارٍ ، ثَنَا يَحْيَى بْنُ أَبِي رَاشِدٍ مَوْلَى عَمْرِو بْنِ حُرَيْثٍ ، عَنْ عُقْبَةَ بْنِ أُسَيْدٍ ، وَرَجُلٍ آخَرَ سَمَّاهُ ، كِلَاهُمَا عَنِ النُّعْمَانِ بْنِ بَشِيرٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ : حَدَّثَتْنِي نَائِلَةُ بِنْتُ الْفُرَافِصَةِ الْكَلْبِيَّةُ امْرَأَةُ عُثْمَانَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُمَا قَالَتْ : لَمَّا حُوصِرَ عُثْمَانُ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ ظَلَّ يَوْمَهُ صَائِمًا ، فَلَمَّا كَانَ عِنْدَ الْإِفْطَارِ سَأَلَهُمُ الْمَاءَ الْعَذْبَ ، فَقَالُوا : دُونَكَ هَذَا الرَّكِيَّ ، وَإِذَا رَكِيٌّ يُلْقَى فِيهَا النَّتَنُ ، فَبَاتَ تِلْكَ اللَّيْلَةَ عَلَى حَالِهِ لَمْ يَطْعَمْ ، فَلَمَّا كَانَ مِنَ السَّحَرِ ، أَتَيْتُ جَارَةً لَنَا عَلَى أَحَاجِينَ يَعْنِي : أَسْطِحَةً مُتَوَاصِلَةً ، فَسَأَلْتُهُمُ الْمَاءَ الْعَذْبَ ، فَجِئْتُهُ بِكُوزٍ مِنْ مَاءٍ ، فَلَمَّا نَزَلْتُ إِذَا هُوَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ نَائِمٌ فِي أَسْفَلِ الدَّرَجَةِ يَغِطُّ ، فَأَيْقَظْتُهُ ، فَقُلْتُ : هَذَا مَاءٌ عَذْبٌ قَدْ أَتَيْتُكَ بِهِ ، فَرَفَعَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ رَأْسَهُ ، فَنَظَرَ إِلَى الْفَجْرِ ، فَقَالَ : إِنِّي صَائِمٌ أَصْبَحْتُ صَائِمًا ، فَقُلْتُ : وَمِنْ أَيْنَ ، وَلَمْ أَرَ أَحَدًا أَتَاكَ بِطَعَامٍ وَلَا شَرَابٍ ؟ قَالَ : إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ اطَّلَعَ عَلَيَّ مِنْ هَذَا السَّقْفِ ، وَمَعَهُ دَلْوٌ مِنْ مَاءٍ ، فَقَالَ : اشْرَبْ يَا عُثْمَانُ ، فَشَرِبْتُ ، فَرَوِيتُ ، ثُمَّ قَالَ : ازْدَدْ ، فَشَرِبْتُ حَتَّى تَمَلَّأْتُ ، فَقَالَ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : إِنَّ الْقَوْمَ سَيُنْكِرُونَ عَلَيْكَ ، فَإِنْ تَرَكْتَهُمْ أَفْطَرْتَ عِنْدَنَا ، قَالَتْ : فَدَخَلُوا عَلَيْهِ مِنْ يَوْمِهِ ، فَقَتَلُوهُ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ .
It is narrated from Sayyiduna al-Nu'man bin Bashir (may Allah be pleased with him) that the honoured wife of Sayyiduna Uthman bin Affan (may Allah be pleased with him), Sayyidah Na'ilah bint al-Furafisah al-Kalbiyyah (may Allah be pleased with her), stated: When Sayyiduna Uthman (may Allah be pleased with him) was besieged, he spent the whole day fasting. When the time of iftar came, he asked them (the besiegers) for sweet, pleasant water to drink, but, showing hard-heartedness, they replied: "This well is for you," and it was a well into which filth and foul-smelling things were thrown. So he spent that entire night in that painful state and ate nothing. When it was the time of sahar, I went over the roofs that were joined to one another to a neighbour of ours and asked them for sweet water. Then I came to him with water in a jug. When I came down, I saw that he (may Allah be pleased with him) was in deep sleep at the lower part of the stairs and the sound of his snoring could be heard. I woke him and said: "This is sweet water that I have brought for you." He (may Allah be pleased with him) raised his head, looked towards the break of dawn and said: "I am fasting; I have made the intention to fast." I asked in astonishment: "How so? I did not see anyone bring you food or drink." He said: "The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) appeared to me from this roof, and he (peace and blessings be upon him) had a bucket of water. He (peace and blessings be upon him) said to me: 'O Uthman! Drink.' So I drank until I was quenched. Then he (peace and blessings be upon him) said: 'Drink more.' So I drank again until I was full. Then he (peace and blessings be upon him) said: 'These people will attack you and reject you; so if you endure their aggression (and are martyred), you will break your fast with us.'" Sayyidah Na'ilah (may Allah be pleased with her) says: Then that very day the rebels forcibly entered upon him and martyred him.
Imam Ahmad bin Mani' narrated this narration in his Musnad. There is criticism of a narrator in its chain named Yahya bin Abi Rashid; however, other supporting evidence for this true dream before the martyrdom of Sayyiduna Uthman (may Allah be pleased with him) exists in the books of sirah and history.
Imam Ahmad bin Mani' narrated this narration in his Musnad. There is criticism of a narrator in its chain named Yahya bin Abi Rashid; however, other supporting evidence for this true dream before the martyrdom of Sayyiduna Uthman (may Allah be pleased with him) exists in the books of sirah and history.
وَقَالَ أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مَنِيعٍ : حَدَّثَنَا يَزِيدُ بْنُ هَارُونَ ، ثَنَا عَبْدُ الْمَلِكِ بْنُ أَبِي سُلَيْمَانَ ، عَنْ أَبِي لَيْلَى الْكِنْدِيِّ قَالَ : أَشْرَفَ عَلَيْنَا عُثْمَانُ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ يَوْمَ الدَّارِ ، فَقَالَ : يَا أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ ، لَا تَقْتُلُونِي فَإِنَّكُمْ إِنْ قَتَلْتُمُونِي كُنْتُمْ هَكَذَا ، وَشَبَّكَ بَيْنَ أَصَابِعِهِ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ .
It is narrated from Abu Layla al-Kindi (may Allah have mercy on him) that on Yawm al-Dar (the day of the siege), Sayyiduna Uthman (may Allah be pleased with him) addressed us and said: "O people! Do not kill me, for if you kill me you will become like this (entangled in mutual fitnah, corruption and severe discord)," and he (may Allah be pleased with him) interlaced the fingers of one hand with the fingers of the other hand (to make this chaotic situation clear).
Imam Ahmad bin Mani' narrated this narration.
Imam Ahmad bin Mani' narrated this narration.
وَقَالَ الْحَارِثُ : حَدَّثَنَا دَاوُدُ بْنُ الْمُحَبَّرِ ، ثَنَا أَبُو الْمِقْدَامِ هِشَامُ بْنُ زِيَادٍ ، عَنْ هِشَامِ بْنِ عُرْوَةَ ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ عَائِشَةَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهَا قَالَتْ : إِنَّ عُثْمَانَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ اسْتَأْذَنَ عَلَى النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَأَذِنَ لَهُ ، فَدَخَلَ وَإِزَارُهُ مَحْلُولٌ ، فَقَالَ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : ادْنُ مِنِّي يَا عُثْمَانُ ، فَدَنَا مِنْهُ ، ثُمَّ قَالَ : ادْنُ مِنِّي يَا عُثْمَانُ ، فَدَنَا مِنْهُ حَتَّى أَصَابَتْ رُكْبَتُهُ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ رُكْبَةَ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، فَزَرَّرَ عَلَيْهِ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ بِيَدِهِ ، ثُمَّ قَالَ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : يَا عُثْمَانُ ، إِنَّكَ تَأْتِي يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ وَأَوْدَاجُكَ تَشْخَبُ دَمًا ، فَأَقُولُ : مَنْ فَعَلَ بِكَ هَذَا ؟ فَتُسَمِّي وَتَشْتَكِي ، بَيْنَ آمِرٍ وَمَاكِرٍ وَخَاذِلٍ ، فَبَيْنَمَا أَنْتَ كَذَلِكَ ، إِذْ تَسْمَعُ هَاتِفًا يَهْتِفُ مِنَ السَّمَاءِ : أَلَا إِنَّ عُثْمَانَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ فِي حُكْمِ أَعْدَائِهِ وَلِيٌّ فَكَيْفَ أَنْتَ يَا عُثْمَانُ عِنْدَ ذَلِكَ ؟ قَالَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ : لَا حَوْلَ وَلَا قُوَّةَ إِلَّا بِاللهِ ، ثَلَاثًا .
It is narrated from Sayyidah Aishah (may Allah be pleased with her) that Sayyiduna Uthman (may Allah be pleased with him) sought permission to come into the presence of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), and he (peace and blessings be upon him) granted him permission. He entered with the fastenings of his garment (lower wrap) undone. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "O Uthman! Come close to me." He came close. Then he (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "O Uthman! Come closer still," until his knees touched the blessed knees of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him). Then the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) himself fastened the buttons of his garment with his blessed hand. After that he (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "O Uthman! You will surely come on the Day of Resurrection in such a state that fountains of blood will be gushing from your veins. I will ask: Who did this wrong to you? Then you will name them and complain; among them will be one who incited and commanded, one who was cunning and conspiring, and one who disloyally abandoned you. While you are in this state, suddenly the voice of a caller will be heard from the heavens: Know well! Surely Uthman, despite the (unjust) judgements of his enemies, is a wali (friend) of Allah and a servant close to Him. O Uthman! What will your state be at that time?" He said these words three times: 'La hawla wa la quwwata illa billah' (There is no ability to avoid (evil) nor strength (to do good) except by the will and help of Allah).
This narration is in the Musnad of al-Harith (Bughyat al-Bahith), but because of the presence of narrators such as Dawud bin al-Muhabbar and Hisham bin Ziyad in its chain, it is da'if (weak) in terms of its chain.
This narration is in the Musnad of al-Harith (Bughyat al-Bahith), but because of the presence of narrators such as Dawud bin al-Muhabbar and Hisham bin Ziyad in its chain, it is da'if (weak) in terms of its chain.
حَدَّثَنَا الْحَسَنُ بْنُ قُتَيْبَةَ ، ثَنَا حُسَيْنٌ الْمُعَلِّمُ ، عَنْ نَافِعٍ ، قَالَ : لَبِسَ ابْنُ عُمَرَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُمَا الدِّرْعَ يَوْمَ الدَّارِ دَارِ عُثْمَانَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُمَا ، مَرَّتَيْنِ ، فَدَخَلَ عَلَيْهِ ، فَقَالَ : صَحِبْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، فَكُنْتُ أَعْرِفُ لَهُ حَقَّ النُّبُوَّةِ ، وَحَقَّ الْوِلَايَةِ ، وَصَحِبْتُ أَبَا بَكْرٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ ، فَكُنْتُ أَعْرِفُ لَهُ حَقَّ الْوِلَايَةِ ، ثُمَّ صَحِبْتُ عُمَرَ بْنَ الْخَطَّابِ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ ، فَكُنْتُ أَعْرِفُ لَهُ حَقَّ الْوِلَايَةِ ، وَحَقَّ الْوَالِدِ ، وَأَنَا أَعْرِفُ لَكَ مِثْلَ ذَلِكَ ، فَقَالَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ : جَزَاكُمُ اللهُ خَيْرًا يَا آلَ عُمَرَ ، اقْعُدْ فِي بَيْتِكَ حَتَّى يَأْتِيَكَ أَمْرِي .
It is narrated from Nafi' that on Yawm al-Dar (the day of the siege of the house of Sayyiduna Uthman al-Ghani (may Allah be pleased with him)), Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Umar (may Allah be pleased with them both) put on armour twice and, presenting himself before him, submitted: "I remained in the company and companionship of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), and I recognised and acknowledged for him (peace and blessings be upon him) the office of Prophethood and the right of authority and guardianship. Then I was in the company of Sayyiduna Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him), and I acknowledged his right of authority. Then I had the companionship of Sayyiduna Umar bin al-Khattab (may Allah be pleased with him), and I recognised his right of authority and his right as a father. And I recognise the same rights for you as well." At this Sayyiduna Uthman al-Ghani (may Allah be pleased with him) said: "O family of Umar! May Allah Almighty grant you the best reward. Stay in your house until my order reaches you."
In the chain of this hadith, al-Hasan bin Qutaybah is a da'if (weak) narrator; however, the coming out of Sayyiduna Ibn Umar (may Allah be pleased with them both) in defence of Sayyiduna Uthman (may Allah be pleased with him) is established by other authentic narrations.
In the chain of this hadith, al-Hasan bin Qutaybah is a da'if (weak) narrator; however, the coming out of Sayyiduna Ibn Umar (may Allah be pleased with them both) in defence of Sayyiduna Uthman (may Allah be pleased with him) is established by other authentic narrations.
حَدَّثَنَا خَالِدُ بْنُ الْقَاسِمِ ، ثَنَا أَبُو مَعْشَرٍ ، قَالَ : سَمِعْتُ أَبَا سَعِيدٍ الْمَقْبُرِيَّ ، يُحَدِّثُ عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ : كُنْتُ مَحْصُورًا فِي الدَّارِ مَعَ عُثْمَانَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ ، فَرَمَوْا رَجُلًا مِنَّا فَقَتَلُوهُ ، فَقُلْتُ : يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ! طَابَ الضِّرَابُ ، قَتَلُوا مِنَّا رَجُلًا ، فَقَالَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ : عَزَمْتُ عَلَيْكَ يَا أَبَا هُرَيْرَةَ لَمَا رَمَيْتَ بِسَيْفِكَ ، فَإِنَّمَا تُرَادُ نَفْسِي ، وَسَأَقِي الْمُسْلِمِينَ بِنَفْسِي ، قَالَ أَبُو هُرَيْرَةَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ : فَرَمَيْتُ بِسَيْفِي ، فَمَا أَدْرِي أَيْنَ هُوَ حَتَّى السَّاعَةِ .
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) that he said: "I was besieged (in the days of fitnah) with Sayyiduna Uthman bin Affan (may Allah be pleased with him) in his house. Meanwhile, the rebels shot an arrow at one of our companions and martyred him. So I submitted: O Commander of the Believers! Now the time for fighting has come (that is, it is now permissible to fight them); they have killed one of our men. At this Sayyiduna Uthman (may Allah be pleased with him) said: 'O Abu Hurayrah! I emphatically order you to throw down your sword, for their real aim is only to take my life, and I will protect the blood of the Muslims by offering my own self.' Sayyiduna Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) says: So I threw down my sword (at his order), and to this day I do not know where it went."
In the chain of this hadith, Khalid bin al-Qasim and Abu Ma'shar Najih bin Abd al-Rahman al-Madani are da'if (weak); however, Sayyiduna Uthman's (may Allah be pleased with him) forbidding the Companions from fighting in his defence is established by other reliable and authentic evidence.
In the chain of this hadith, Khalid bin al-Qasim and Abu Ma'shar Najih bin Abd al-Rahman al-Madani are da'if (weak); however, Sayyiduna Uthman's (may Allah be pleased with him) forbidding the Companions from fighting in his defence is established by other reliable and authentic evidence.
حَدَّثَنَا الْحَسَنُ بْنُ قُتَيْبَةَ ، ثَنَا ابْنُ فَضَالَةَ ، عَنْ مُهَاجِرِ بْنِ حَبِيبٍ ، وَإِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ مَصْقَلَةَ قَالَا : بَعَثَ عُثْمَانُ بْنُ عَفَّانَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ إِلَى عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ سَلَامٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ وَهُوَ مَحْصُورٌ ، فَدَخَلَ عَلَيْهِ ، فَقَالَ لَهُ : ارْفَعْ رَأْسَكَ ، تَرَى هَذِهِ الْكُوَّةَ ، فَإِنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَشْرَفَ مِنْهَا اللَّيْلَةَ ، فَقَالَ : يَا عُثْمَانُ ، أَحَصَرُوكَ ؟ قُلْتُ : نَعَمْ ، فَأَدْلَى لِي دَلْوًا شَرِبْتُ مِنْهُ ، وَإِنِّي أَجِدُ بَرْدَهُ عَلَى كَبِدِي ، ثُمَّ قَالَ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : إِنْ شِئْتَ دَعَوْتُ اللهَ تَعَالَى فَنَصَرَكَ عَلَيْهِمْ ، وَإِنْ شِئْتَ أَفْطَرْتَ عِنْدَنَا ، قَالَ عَبْدُ اللهِ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ : فَقُلْتُ لَهُ : مَا الَّذِي اخْتَرْتَ ؟ قَالَ : الْفِطْرَ عِنْدَهُ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، فَانْصَرَفَ عَبْدُ اللهِ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ إِلَى مَنْزِلِهِ ، فَلَمَّا ارْتَفَعَ النَّهَارُ ، قَالَ لِابْنِهِ : اخْرُجْ ، فَانْظُرْ مَا صَنَعَ عُثْمَانُ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ ، فَإِنَّهُ لَا يَنْبَغِي أَنْ يَكُونَ هَذِهِ السَّاعَةَ حَيًّا ، فَانْصَرَفَ إِلَيْهِ ، فَقَالَ : قَدْ قُتِلَ الرَّجُلُ .
It is narrated from Muhajir bin Habib and Ibrahim bin Masqalah (may Allah have mercy on them both) that when Sayyiduna Uthman bin Affan (may Allah be pleased with him) was besieged, he sent for Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Salam (may Allah be pleased with him). When he came to him, Sayyiduna Uthman (may Allah be pleased with him) said to him: "Raise your head; do you see this skylight? Indeed, the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) looked down at me through this very skylight last night and asked: O Uthman! Have these people besieged you? I submitted: Yes. Then he (peace and blessings be upon him) lowered a bucket of water for me, from which I drank my fill, and even now I feel its coolness in my liver. Then he (peace and blessings be upon him) said: If you wish, I will supplicate to Allah Almighty and He will grant you victory over them; and if you wish, come and break your fast with us." Sayyiduna Abdullah (may Allah be pleased with him) asked: What did you choose? He replied: "I preferred to break my fast with him (peace and blessings be upon him)." After that Sayyiduna Abdullah (may Allah be pleased with him) returned to his house. Then, when the sun was high, he said to his son: Go out and see what has happened to Sayyiduna Uthman (may Allah be pleased with him), for it no longer seems possible that he is alive. So he came back and reported that he had been martyred.
[Mustadrak al-Hakim: 4408; Imam al-Hakim declared it sahih al-isnad (authentic in chain)]
[Mustadrak al-Hakim: 4408; Imam al-Hakim declared it sahih al-isnad (authentic in chain)]
وَقَالَ أَبُو يَعْلَى : حَدَّثَنَا عُبَيْدُ اللهِ بْنُ عُمَرَ ، ثَنَا عَفَّانُ ، ثَنَا وُهَيْبٌ ، عَنْ مُوسَى بْنِ عُقْبَةَ ، عَنْ أَبِي عَلْقَمَةَ مَوْلَى عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ عَوْفٍ ، عَنْ كَثِيرِ بْنِ الصَّلْتِ قَالَ : نَامَ عُثْمَانُ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ فِي ذَلِكَ الْيَوْمِ الَّذِي قُتِلَ فِيهِ ، وَهُوَ يَوْمُ الْجُمُعَةِ ، فَلَمَّا اسْتَيْقَظَ قَالَ : لَوْلَا أَنْ يَقُولَ النَّاسُ : تَمَنَّى عُثْمَانُ ( رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ ) أُمْنِيَةً ، لَحَدَّثْتُكُمْ حَدِيثًا ، قَالَ : قُلْنَا : حَدِّثْنَا أَصْلَحَكَ اللهُ ، فَلَسْنَا نَقُولُ كَمَا يَقُولُ النَّاسُ ، قَالَ ( رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ ) : رَأَيْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فِي مَنَامِي هَذَا ، فَقَالَ : إِنَّكَ شَاهِدٌ مَعَنَا الْجُمُعَةَ .
4384 \ 2 - وَقَالَ الْبَزَّارُ : حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْمُثَنَّى ، ثَنَا الْمُغِيرَةُ بْنُ مَسْلَمَةَ ، ثَنَا وُهَيْبٌ ، عَنْ مُوسَى ، حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو عَلْقَمَةَ بِهِ .
4384 \ 3 - وَأَخْرَجَهُ الْحَاكِمُ .
4384 \ 2 - وَقَالَ الْبَزَّارُ : حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْمُثَنَّى ، ثَنَا الْمُغِيرَةُ بْنُ مَسْلَمَةَ ، ثَنَا وُهَيْبٌ ، عَنْ مُوسَى ، حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو عَلْقَمَةَ بِهِ .
4384 \ 3 - وَأَخْرَجَهُ الْحَاكِمُ .
It is narrated from Kathir bin al-Salt that Sayyiduna Uthman (may Allah be pleased with him) slept on the day on which he was martyred, and it was a Friday. When he woke up, he said: "Were it not that I fear people would say that Uthman merely related a wish or a fancy of dreams, I would certainly tell you a hadith." We submitted: "May Allah set your affairs right! Tell us that matter; we will never say what people say." He said: "Just now, in this sleep of mine, I saw the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), and he (peace and blessings be upon him) said to me: 'Indeed, you will be present with us at the Friday (prayer) today.'"
Imam Abu Ya'la narrated it in his Musnad; Imam al-Bazzar also recorded it through Muhammad bin al-Muthanna, al-Mughirah bin Maslamah, Wuhayb, Musa and Abu Alqamah, and Imam al-Hakim also recorded it.
Imam Abu Ya'la narrated it in his Musnad; Imam al-Bazzar also recorded it through Muhammad bin al-Muthanna, al-Mughirah bin Maslamah, Wuhayb, Musa and Abu Alqamah, and Imam al-Hakim also recorded it.
وَقَالَ أَبُو يَعْلَى أَيْضًا : ثَنَا إِسْحَاقُ بْنُ إِسْمَاعِيلَ ، ثَنَا إِسْحَاقُ بْنُ سُلَيْمَانَ الرَّازِيُّ قَالَ : سَمِعْتُ أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ الرَّازِيَّ يَذْكُرُ عَنْ أَيُّوبَ السَّخْتِيَانِيِّ ، عَنْ نَافِعٍ ، عَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُمَا قَالَ : إِنَّ عُثْمَانَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ أَصْبَحَ يُحَدِّثُ النَّاسَ قَالَ : رَأَيْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فِي الْمَنَامِ ، فَقَالَ : يَا عُثْمَانُ ، أَفْطِرْ عِنْدَنَا ، فَأَصْبَحَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ صَائِمًا ، وَقُتِلَ مِنْ يَوْمِهِ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ .
4385 \ 2 - رَوَاهُ الْبَزَّارُ ، عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ زِيَادٍ ، عَنْ إِسْحَاقَ بْنِ سُلَيْمَانَ بِهِ .
4385 \ 3 - وَأَخْرَجَهُ الْحَاكِمُ مِنْ طَرِيقِ إِسْحَاقَ بْنِ سُلَيْمَانَ ، أَيْضًا وَصَحَّحَهُ .
4385 \ 2 - رَوَاهُ الْبَزَّارُ ، عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ زِيَادٍ ، عَنْ إِسْحَاقَ بْنِ سُلَيْمَانَ بِهِ .
4385 \ 3 - وَأَخْرَجَهُ الْحَاكِمُ مِنْ طَرِيقِ إِسْحَاقَ بْنِ سُلَيْمَانَ ، أَيْضًا وَصَحَّحَهُ .
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Ibn Umar (may Allah be pleased with them both) that in the morning Sayyiduna Uthman (may Allah be pleased with him), relating to the people, said: "I saw the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) in a dream, and he (peace and blessings be upon him) said to me: 'O Uthman! Break your fast with us.'" So Sayyiduna Uthman (may Allah be pleased with him) was fasting that day, and on that very day he was martyred.
Imam al-Bazzar narrated it through Ibrahim bin Ziyad from Ishaq bin Sulayman; Imam al-Hakim also recorded it via Ishaq bin Sulayman and declared it sahih (authentic).
Imam al-Bazzar narrated it through Ibrahim bin Ziyad from Ishaq bin Sulayman; Imam al-Hakim also recorded it via Ishaq bin Sulayman and declared it sahih (authentic).
وَقَالَ أَبُو يَعْلَى : حَدَّثَنَا إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَرْعَرَةَ ، ثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبَّادٍ الْهُنَائِيُّ ، حَدَّثَنَا ابْنُ أَبِي فَضَالَةَ ، أَنَا الْحَضْرَمِيُّ ، عَنْ أَبِي مَرْيَمَ بْنِ رَضِيعٍ الْجَارُودِ قَالَ : كُنْتُ بِالْكُوفَةِ ، فَقَامَ الْحَسَنُ بْنُ عَلِيٍّ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُمَا خَطِيبًا ، فَقَالَ : يَا أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ ، رَأَيْتُ الْبَارِحَةَ فِي مَنَامِي عَجَبًا ! رَأَيْتُ الرَّبَّ تَبَارَكَ وَتَعَالَى فَوْقَ عَرْشِهِ ، فَجَاءَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ حَتَّى قَامَ عِنْدَ قَائِمَةٍ مِنْ قَوَائِمِ الْعَرْشِ ، فَجَاءَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ فَوَضَعَ يَدَهُ عَلَى مَنْكِبِ رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، ثُمَّ جَاءَ عُمَرُ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ فَوَضَعَ يَدَهُ عَلَى مَنْكِبِ أَبِي بَكْرٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ ، ثُمَّ جَاءَ عُثْمَانُ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ فَكَانَ نَبْذَةً ، فَقَالَ : يَا رَبِّ ، سَلْ عِبَادَكَ فِيمَ قَتَلُونِي ؟ قَالَ : فَانْبَعَثَ مِنَ السَّمَاءِ مِيزَابَانِ مِنْ دَمٍ فِي الْأَرْضِ ، قَالَ : فَقِيلَ لِعَلِيٍّ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ : أَلَا تَرَى مَا يُحَدِّثُ بِهِ الْحَسَنُ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ ؟ قَالَ رِضْوَانُ اللهِ تَعَالَى عَلَيْهِ : يُحَدِّثُ بِمَا رَأَى .
It is narrated from Abu Maryam bin Radi' al-Jarud (may Allah have mercy on him) that he said: I was in Kufah when Sayyiduna al-Hasan bin Ali (may Allah be pleased with them both) stood up to deliver a sermon and said: "O people! Last night I saw a strange thing in my dream! I saw the Lord, the Blessed and Exalted, above His Throne. Then the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) came until he stood beside one of the pillars of the Throne. Then Sayyiduna Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) came and placed his hand on the shoulder of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him). Then Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) came and placed his hand on the shoulder of Sayyiduna Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him). Then Sayyiduna Uthman (may Allah be pleased with him) came, and he was standing to one side at a little distance (from them all). He submitted: 'O my Lord! Ask Your servants for what crime they killed me.'" The narrator stated that then two spouts of blood began to flow from the heavens to the earth. The narrator says: Then it was said to Sayyiduna Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) (by way of objection): Do you not see what al-Hasan is relating? He said: "He is relating what he saw (in his dream)."
This narration is in the Musnad of Abu Ya'la (al-Matalib al-'Aliyah: 4386). There is criticism of its chain because of Ibn Abi Fadalah (Mubarak bin Fadalah); moreover, beliefs or shar'i rulings are not established on the basis of dreams; rather, these are reported merely as glad tidings or warnings.
This narration is in the Musnad of Abu Ya'la (al-Matalib al-'Aliyah: 4386). There is criticism of its chain because of Ibn Abi Fadalah (Mubarak bin Fadalah); moreover, beliefs or shar'i rulings are not established on the basis of dreams; rather, these are reported merely as glad tidings or warnings.
حَدَّثَنَا سُفْيَانُ بْنُ وَكِيعٍ ، ثَنَا جُمَيْعُ بْنُ عُمَيْرٍ الْعِجْلِيُّ ، عَنْ مُجَاهِدٍ أَوْ مُجَالِدٍ ، عَنْ طُحْرُبٍ الْعِجْلِيِّ ، عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُمَا قَالَ : لَا أُقَاتِلُ بَعْدَ رُؤْيَا رَأَيْتُهَا ، رَأَيْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَاضِعًا يَدَهُ عَلَى الْعَرْشِ ، وَرَأَيْتُ أَبَا بَكْرٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ وَاضِعًا يَدَهُ عَلَى النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، وَرَأَيْتُ عُمَرَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ وَاضِعًا يَدَهُ عَلَى أَبِي بَكْرٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ ، وَرَأَيْتُ عُثْمَانَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ وَاضِعًا يَدَهُ عَلَى عُمَرَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ ، وَرَأَيْتُ دَمًا بَيْنَهُمْ ، فَقُلْتُ : مَا هَذَا الدَّمُ ؟ قِيلَ : دَمُ عُثْمَانَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ ، يَطْلُبُ اللهَ تَعَالَى بِهِ .
It is narrated from Sayyiduna al-Hasan bin Ali (may Allah be pleased with them both) that he said: "After the dream that I have seen, I will never fight. I saw the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) in a dream placing his blessed hand on the Throne of Allah; and I saw Sayyiduna Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) with his hand placed on the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him); and I saw Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) with his hand placed on Sayyiduna Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him); and I saw Sayyiduna Uthman (may Allah be pleased with him) with his hand placed on Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him); and I saw blood between them. I asked: 'What blood is this?' It was answered: 'This is the blood of Sayyiduna Uthman (may Allah be pleased with him), which Allah Almighty is demanding (for justice and retribution).'"
This narration is reported in the Musnad of Abu Ya'la and in al-Mu'jam al-Kabir of al-Tabarani (2712); there is weakness in its chain because of Jumay' bin Umayr.
This narration is reported in the Musnad of Abu Ya'la and in al-Mu'jam al-Kabir of al-Tabarani (2712); there is weakness in its chain because of Jumay' bin Umayr.
وَقَالَ مُسَدَّدٌ : حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنُ الْأَعْرَابِيِّ ، ثَنَا سَعِيدُ بْنُ مُسْلِمٍ ، عَنِ ابْنِ عَوْنٍ قَالَ : سَمِعْتُ الْقَاسِمَ بْنَ مُحَمَّدٍ يَقُولُ : اللَّهُمَّ اغْفِرْ لِأَبِي ذَنْبَهُ فِي عُثْمَانَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ .
It is narrated from Ibn Awn that he said: I heard al-Qasim bin Muhammad making this supplication: 'Allahumma-ghfir li-abi dhanbahu fi Uthman' (O Allah, forgive my father the sin that he committed in the matter of Sayyiduna Uthman (may Allah be pleased with him)).
Imam Musaddad bin Musarhad narrated this athar, in which al-Qasim bin Muhammad is beseeching forgiveness for his father, Muhammad bin Abi Bakr.
Imam Musaddad bin Musarhad narrated this athar, in which al-Qasim bin Muhammad is beseeching forgiveness for his father, Muhammad bin Abi Bakr.
وَقَالَ ابْنُ أَبِي عُمَرَ : حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الْوَهَّابِ ، عَنْ أَيُّوبَ ، عَنْ أَبِي قِلَابَةَ قَالَ : إِنَّ رَجُلًا مِنْ قُرَيْشٍ يُقَالُ لَهُ ثُمَامَةُ ، كَانَ عَلَى صَنْعَاءَ ، فَلَمَّا قُتِلَ عُثْمَانُ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ خَطَبَ ، فَبَكَى بُكَاءً شَدِيدًا ، فَلَمَّا أَفَاقَ قَالَ : الْيَوْمَ انْتُزِعَتْ خِلَافَةُ النُّبُوَّةِ مِنْ أُمَّةِ مُحَمَّدٍ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، وَصَارَتْ مُلْكًا وَجَبْرِيَّةً ، مَنْ غَلَبَ عَلَى شَيْءٍ أَكَلَهُ .
It is narrated from Abu Qilabah that a man from Quraysh called Thumamah, who was the governor of San'a, related that when Sayyiduna Uthman (may Allah be pleased with him) was martyred, he delivered a sermon and wept bitterly during it. Then, when he had composed himself somewhat, he said: "Today the caliphate of prophethood has been snatched away from the Ummah of Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him), and it has now turned into kingship and tyranny; (such that) whoever gains the upper hand over something will devour it."
Ibn Abi Umar recorded this report (athar) in his Musnad, and its narrators are thiqat (trustworthy).
Ibn Abi Umar recorded this report (athar) in his Musnad, and its narrators are thiqat (trustworthy).
وَقَالَ أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مَنِيعٍ : حَدَّثَنَا يَزِيدُ - هُوَ ابْنُ هَارُونَ - أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو الْأَشْهَبِ ، عَنِ الْحَسَنِ أَنَّهُ سَمِعَهُ يَقُولُ : لَقَدْ رَأَيْتُ الَّذِينَ تَكَلَّمُوا فِي عُثْمَانَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ وَتَخَاصَمُوا فِي الْمَسْجِدِ ، حَتَّى مَا أَرَى أَدِيمَ السَّمَاءِ ، وَإِنَّ إِنْسَانًا مِنْ حُجَرِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَشَارَ بِمُصْحَفٍ ، وَقَالَ : أَلَمْ تَعْلَمُوا أَنَّ مُحَمَّدًا صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ بَرِيءٌ مِمَّنْ فَارَقَ دِينَهُ وَكَانُوا شِيَعًا : إِنَّ الَّذِينَ فَرَّقُوا دِينَهُمْ وَكَانُوا شِيَعًا لَسْتَ مِنْهُمْ فِي شَيْءٍ .... الْآيَةَ .
It is narrated from Imam al-Hasan al-Basri (may Allah have mercy on him) that he said: "I saw the people who were speaking improperly against Sayyiduna Uthman (may Allah be pleased with him) and grappling and quarrelling in the mosque to such an extent that (because of the dense crowd) I could not even see the expanse of the sky. Meanwhile a man from the blessed chambers of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) called out, pointing to the Qur'an: 'Do you not know that Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him) is completely free of and unconnected with whoever creates division in his religion and splits into sects?' Then he recited this verse: 'Indeed, those who have divided their religion and become sects, you have nothing to do with them' [Surah al-An'am: 159]."
Imam Ahmad bin Mani' recorded it in his Musnad, and this report is an authentic reflection of the conditions in the period of the trial (fitnah) of Uthman (may Allah be pleased with him).
Imam Ahmad bin Mani' recorded it in his Musnad, and this report is an authentic reflection of the conditions in the period of the trial (fitnah) of Uthman (may Allah be pleased with him).
حَدَّثَنَا ابْنُ عُلَيَّةَ ، عَنْ أَيُّوبَ ، عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي مُلَيْكَةَ ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ الزُّبَيْرِ قَالَ : قُلْتُ لِعُثْمَانَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ : إِنَّ مَعَكَ فِي الدَّارِ عُصْبَةً مُسْتَنْصَرَةً ، يَنْصُرُ اللهُ تَعَالَى بِأَقَلَّ مِنْهَا ، فَأْذَنْ لِي فَلْأُقَاتِلْ ، فَقَالَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ : أَنْشُدُ اللهَ رَجُلًا أَهَرَاقَ فِيَّ دَمَهُ ، أَوْ قَالَ : أَهَرَاقَ فِيَّ دَمًا .
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Abdullah bin al-Zubayr (may Allah be pleased with him) that he said to Sayyiduna Uthman (may Allah be pleased with him) (during the siege of his house): "Indeed, there is with you in the house a group ready to support and defend you, and Allah, the Blessed and Exalted, grants help and victory through far fewer than them; so grant me permission so that I may fight (these rebels)." At this Sayyiduna Uthman (may Allah be pleased with him) said: "I adjure by Allah any man who sheds his own blood for my sake," or (the narrator is in doubt whether) he said these words: "who sheds any blood for my sake (meaning: I do not want bloodshed on my account)."
[Takhrij: The chain of this hadith is sahih (authentic); Imam Ahmad recorded it in his 'Musnad' (no. 532) and Ibn Abi Shaybah in 'al-Musannaf' (no. 32103).]
[Takhrij: The chain of this hadith is sahih (authentic); Imam Ahmad recorded it in his 'Musnad' (no. 532) and Ibn Abi Shaybah in 'al-Musannaf' (no. 32103).]
قَالَ إِسْحَاقُ : ثَنَا أَبُو عَامِرٍ الْعَقَدِيُّ ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدٍ وَهُوَ ابْنُ طَلْحَةَ بْنِ مُصَرِّفٍ ، حَدَّثَنِي كِنَانَةُ مَوْلَى صَفِيَّةَ بِنْتِ حُيَيٍّ أَنَّهُ شَهِدَ مَقْتَلَ عُثْمَانَ قَالَ : أَنَا يَوْمَئِذٍ ابْنُ أَرْبَعَ عَشْرَةَ سَنَةً ، قَالَ : أَمَرَتْنَا صَفِيَّةُ أَنْ نُرَحِّلَ بَغْلَةً بِهَوْدَجٍ ، فَرَحَّلْنَاهَا ثُمَّ مَشَيْنَا حَوْلَهَا إِلَى الْبَابِ ، فَإِذَا الْأَشْتَرُ وَنَاسٌ مَعَهُ ، فَقَالَ لَهَا الْأَشْتَرُ : ارْجِعِي إِلَى بَيْتِكِ فَأَبَتْ ، فَرَفَعَ قَنَاةً مَعَهُ ، أَوْ رُمْحًا ، فَضَرَبَ عَجُزَ الْبَغْلَةِ ، فَثَبَّتَ الْبَغْلَةَ وَمَالَ الْهَوْدَجُ حَتَّى كَادَ أَنْ يَقَعَ ، فَلَمَّا رَأَتْ ذَلِكَ قَالَتْ : رُدُّونِي ، رُدُّونِي ، قَالَ : قَدْ خَرَجَ مِنَ الدَّارِ أَرْبَعَةُ نَفَرٍ مِنْ قُرَيْشٍ ، مَضْرُوبِينَ مَحْمُولِينَ ، كَانُوا يَدْرَؤُونَ عَنْ عُثْمَانَ ، فَذَكَرَ الْحَسَنَ بْنَ عَلِيٍّ وَعَبْدَ اللهِ بْنَ الزُّبَيْرِ وَابْنَ خَاطِبٍ وَمَرْوَانَ بْنَ الْحَكَمِ ، قُلْتُ : فَهَلْ تَدَمَّى مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ أَبِي بَكْرٍ مِنْ دَمِهِ بِشَيْءٍ ؟ قَالَ : مَعَاذَ اللهِ ، دَخَلَ عَلَيْهِ ، فَقَالَ لَهُ عُثْمَانُ : لَسْتُ بِصَاحِبِهِ وَكَلَّمَهُ بِكَلَامٍ ، فَخَرَجَ وَلَمْ يَدْرِ مِنْ دَمِهِ بِشَيْءٍ ، قُلْتُ : فَمَنْ قَتَلَهُ ؟ قَالَ : رَجُلٌ مِنْ أَهْلِ مِصْرَ يُقَالُ لَهُ : جَبَلَةُ ، فَجَعَلَ يَقُولُ : أَنَا قَاتِلُ نَعْثَلٍ ، قُلْتُ : فَأَيْنَ عُثْمَانُ يَوْمَئِذٍ ؟ قَالَ : فِي الدَّارِ .
It is narrated from Kinanah, the freed slave of Sayyidah Safiyyah bint Huyayy (may Allah be pleased with her), that he was present at the heart-rending event of the martyrdom of Sayyiduna Uthman (may Allah be pleased with him). He related: I was a boy of fourteen years at that time. He said: The Mother of the Believers, Sayyidah Safiyyah (may Allah be pleased with her), ordered us to saddle a mule fitted with a howdah, so we prepared the mount and then walked alongside her until we reached the door of the house (of Sayyiduna Uthman, may Allah be pleased with him), and there were Malik al-Ashtar and his companions. Al-Ashtar said to her: "Go back to your house," but she refused. At this he raised his spear or lance and struck the mule on its rump, at which the mule shied and the howdah tilted so much that Sayyidah Safiyyah was about to fall to the ground. When she saw this she said: "Take me back, take me back." The narrator relates that meanwhile four young men of Quraysh, who had been defending Sayyiduna Uthman (may Allah be pleased with him), were carried out of the house wounded; among them were Sayyiduna al-Hasan bin Ali, Sayyiduna Abdullah bin al-Zubayr, Ibn Khatib and Marwan bin al-Hakam (may Allah be pleased with them). I asked: "Was Muhammad bin Abi Bakr stained in the least with the blood of Sayyiduna Uthman?" He replied: "Ma'adh Allah (I seek refuge in Allah)! He went in to him, and Sayyiduna Uthman (may Allah be pleased with him) said to him: 'You are not my killer,' and spoke some words with him; then he came out, and there was not even a trace of blood on him." I asked: "Then who martyred him?" He said: "A man from the people of Egypt called Jabalah; he was shouting: 'I have killed Na'thal' (an insulting word used by the rebels for Sayyiduna Uthman, may Allah be pleased with him)." I asked: "Where was Sayyiduna Uthman (may Allah be pleased with him) at that time?" He said: "He was inside the house."
Imam Ishaq bin Rahwayh recorded this hadith in his Musnad, and its chain is of hasan (good) grade.
Imam Ishaq bin Rahwayh recorded this hadith in his Musnad, and its chain is of hasan (good) grade.
