المطالب العالية بزوائد المسانيد الثمانية
Al-Matalib al-'Aliyah
كتاب الأدب
Book of Manners
بَابُ إكرام الجار
Honouring the neighbour
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وَقَالَ مُسَدَّدٌ : حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ دَاوُدَ قَالَ : سَمِعْتُ سُفْيَانَ يَقُولُ : إِذَا اشْتَرَيْتَ شَيْئًا لَا تُرِيدُ أَنْ تُفِيدَ جَارَكَ مِنْهُ ، فَوَارِهِ .
It is narrated from Imam Sufyan al-Thawri (may Allah have mercy on him) that he said: "When you buy something (to eat or drink) from which you do not intend to give your neighbour anything or benefit him, then conceal it (from your neighbour's sight)."
Imam Musaddad recorded this saying, and its chain is sahih (authentic).
Imam Musaddad recorded this saying, and its chain is sahih (authentic).
حَدَّثَنَا يَحْيَى ، عَنْ سُفْيَانَ ، حَدَّثَنِي أَبُو مَهَلٍ ، قَالَ عَنْ عَجُوزٍ ، عَنْ عَائِشَةَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهَا ، قَالَتْ : قَالَ : إِذَا دَخَلَ عَلَيْكِ صَبِيُّ جَارِكِ ، فَضَعِي فِي يَدِهِ شَيْئًا ، فَإِنَّهُ يَجُرُّ الْمَوَدَّةَ .
It is narrated from Sayyidah Aishah (may Allah be pleased with her) that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "When your neighbour's child comes to you, place something in his hand (as a gift), for this act draws heartfelt love and affection (between neighbours)."
[Takhrij: Imam Ibn Abi Shaybah recorded this narration in "al-Musannaf" (25390) and Imam al-Bayhaqi in "Shu'ab al-Iman" (9113); however, because a female narrator in its chain, an "old woman", is unknown and unidentified, this narration is academically weak].
[Takhrij: Imam Ibn Abi Shaybah recorded this narration in "al-Musannaf" (25390) and Imam al-Bayhaqi in "Shu'ab al-Iman" (9113); however, because a female narrator in its chain, an "old woman", is unknown and unidentified, this narration is academically weak].
وَقَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ : حَدَّثَنَا الْفَضْلُ بْنُ دُكَيْنٍ ، حَدَّثَنَا بَشِيرُ بْنُ سَلْمَانَ ، عَنْ مُجَاهِدٍ قَالَ : كُنَّا جُلُوسًا عِنْدَ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ عَمْرٍو رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُمَا ، فَقَالَ : إِنِّي سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يُوصِي بِالْجَارِ ، حَتَّى حَسِبْنَا أَوْ رَأَيْنَا أَنَّهُ سَيُوَرِّثُهُ .
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Amr (may Allah be pleased with them both) that he said: "Indeed, I heard the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) giving such continuous emphasis and instruction concerning the rights of the neighbour that we began to think, or we felt, that he (peace and blessings be upon him) would soon make him (the neighbour) a formal heir with a share in inheritance."
The chain of this hadith is hasan (good), and sahih narrations with this meaning are also found in the six books (Kutub al-Sittah).
The chain of this hadith is hasan (good), and sahih narrations with this meaning are also found in the six books (Kutub al-Sittah).
وَقَالَ عَبْدٌ : حَدَّثَنَا يَعْلَى - هُوَ ابْنُ عُبَيْدٍ - ، عَنْ أَبِي بَكْرٍ - هُوَ ابْنُ مُبَشِّرٍ - ، عَنْ جَابِرٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ : جَاءَ رَجُلٌ مِنَ الْعَوَالِي إِلَى رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَرَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَجِبْرِيلُ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ يُصَلِّيَانِ حَيْثُ يُصَلَّى عَلَى الْجَنَائِزِ ، فَلَمَّا انْصَرَفَ قَالَ الرَّجُلُ : يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ ، مَنْ هَذَا الَّذِي رَأَيْتُ مَعَكَ ؟ قَالَ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : وَقَدْ رَأَيْتَهُ ؟ قَالَ : نَعَمْ ، قَالَ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : لَقَدْ رَأَيْتَ خَيْرًا كَثِيرًا ، هَذَا جِبْرِيلُ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ ، مَا زَالَ يُوصِينِي بِالْجَارِ ، حَتَّى ظَنَنْتُ أَنَّهُ سَيُوَرِّثُهُ .
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Jabir (may Allah be pleased with him) that a man from the upper area of Madinah (al-Awali) came to the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him). At that time the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) and Jibril (peace be upon him) were praying at the place where the funeral prayers are offered. When he (peace and blessings be upon him) finished (the prayer), the man said: "O Messenger of Allah! Who was this person whom I saw with you?" He (peace and blessings be upon him) asked: "Did you really see him?" He said: "Yes!" Then he (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "You have certainly witnessed great good and virtue. This was Jibril (peace be upon him); he kept instructing and urging me so much concerning the neighbour (his rights and good treatment) that I began to think he would make him an heir (in inheritance)."
[Its chain is hasan (good). Ahmad recorded it in his Musnad: 14751, Abu Ya'la: 1819, and al-Bazzar: 3125].
[Its chain is hasan (good). Ahmad recorded it in his Musnad: 14751, Abu Ya'la: 1819, and al-Bazzar: 3125].
قَالَ أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مَنِيعٍ : حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو نَصْرٍ ، حَدَّثَنَا شَرِيكٌ عَنْ سِمَاكٍ ، عَنْ عِكْرِمَةَ ، عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُمَا قَالَ : مَنْ سَأَلَهُ جَارُهُ أَنْ يَدْعَمَ عَلَى حَائِطِهِ ، فَلْيَفْعَلْ .
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) that he said: "Whoever is asked by his neighbour for permission to support (a piece of wood or a beam) on his wall, let him do so (that is, let him not refuse him)."
Imam Ahmad bin Mani' recorded it. Its chain contains Sharik al-Qadi, whose memory has been criticised, but the text of this hadith is established and supported by the marfu' hadith of Sayyiduna Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) found in Sahih al-Bukhari and Muslim.
Imam Ahmad bin Mani' recorded it. Its chain contains Sharik al-Qadi, whose memory has been criticised, but the text of this hadith is established and supported by the marfu' hadith of Sayyiduna Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) found in Sahih al-Bukhari and Muslim.
وَقَالَ الْحَارِثُ : حَدَّثَنَا يَحْيَى بْنُ إِسْحَاقَ ، حَدَّثَنَا ابْنُ لَهِيعَةَ ، عَنْ حُنَيْنِ بْنِ أَبِي حَكِيمٍ ، عَنْ عِرَاكِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ : جَاءَ رَجُلٌ إِلَى النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَقَالَ : يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ ، إِنَّ فُلَانًا جَارِي يُؤْذِينِي ، فَقَالَ : كُفَّ أَذَاكَ عَنْهُ وَاصْبِرْ عَلَى أَذَاهُ ، فَلَمْ يَلْبَثْ إِلَّا يَسِيرًا ، حَتَّى جَاءَ ، فَقَالَ : يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ إِنَّ فُلَانًا جَارِي الَّذِي كَانَ يُؤْذِينِي قَدْ مَاتَ ، قَالَ : فَقَالَ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : كَفَى بِالدَّهْرِ وَاعِظًا ، وَكَفَى بِالْمَوْتِ مُفَرِّقًا .
It is narrated from Irak bin Malik (may Allah have mercy on him) that a man came to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) and said: "O Messenger of Allah! My neighbour so-and-so troubles me greatly." He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Do not cause him any harm from your side, and be patient with the harm that reaches you from him." Only a short time had passed when that man came again and said: "O Messenger of Allah! That neighbour of mine who used to trouble me has now died." He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Time is sufficient as an admonisher, and death is sufficient as a separator."
This narration is found in Musnad al-Harith (Bughyat al-Bahith); it has been declared weak because of the memory of the narrator Ibn Lahi'ah in its chain; however, death being the best admonisher is established by other sahih hadith and reports.
This narration is found in Musnad al-Harith (Bughyat al-Bahith); it has been declared weak because of the memory of the narrator Ibn Lahi'ah in its chain; however, death being the best admonisher is established by other sahih hadith and reports.
وَقَالَ أَبُو يَعْلَى : حَدَّثَنَا الْمُغِيرَةُ بْنُ مَعْمَرٍ أَبُو الْفَضْلِ الْبَصْرِيُّ ، حَدَّثَنَا مَسْعَدَةُ بْنُ الْيَسَعِ ، عَنْ بَهْزٍ ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ ، عَنْ جَدِّهِ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ : قُلْتُ : يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ ، إِنَّ لِي جَارَيْنِ ، فَإِلَى أَيِّهِمَا أُهْدِي ؟ قَالَ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : أَقْرَبِهِمَا .
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Mu'awiyah bin Haydah al-Qushayri (may Allah be pleased with him) that he said: "O Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him)! I have two neighbours; to which of them should I give preference (when giving a gift)?" The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "The one of the two who is nearest to you (in terms of the door of his house)."
Imam Abu Ya'la recorded it in his Musnad; however, the narrator in its chain, Mas'adah bin al-Yasa', is weak.
Imam Abu Ya'la recorded it in his Musnad; however, the narrator in its chain, Mas'adah bin al-Yasa', is weak.
حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو مُوسَى ، وَالْقَوَارِيرِيُّ ، فَرَّقَهُمَا ، قَالَا : حَدَّثَنَا ابْنُ مَهْدِيٍّ ، حَدَّثَنَا سُفْيَانُ ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ ، عَنْ عَبَايَةَ بْنِ رِفَاعَةَ ، عَنْ عُمَرَ بْنِ الْخَطَّابِ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ : سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَقُولُ : لَا يَشْبَعِ الرَّجُلُ دُونَ جَارِهِ .
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Umar bin al-Khattab (may Allah be pleased with him) that he heard the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) say: "A man should not eat his fill alone while leaving his neighbour hungry (despite his own means and ability)."
[Al-Hakim recorded it in al-Mustadrak: 7307, and al-Bayhaqi in al-Sunan al-Kubra: 18108, and al-Albani declared it sahih (authentic) in Sahih al-Jami': 7619].
[Al-Hakim recorded it in al-Mustadrak: 7307, and al-Bayhaqi in al-Sunan al-Kubra: 18108, and al-Albani declared it sahih (authentic) in Sahih al-Jami': 7619].
حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو مُوسَى ، حَدَّثَنَا عَبَّادُ بْنُ مُوسَى أَبُو أَيُّوبَ ، حَدَّثَنَا يُونُسُ ، عَنِ الْحَسَنِ ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مَسْلَمَةَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ : مَرَرْتُ فَإِذَا رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ عَلَى الصَّفَا وَاضِعٌ خَدَّهُ عَلَى خَدِّ رَجُلٍ ، فَذَهَبَ ، فَلَمْ أَلْبَثْ أَنْ نَادَانِي رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَقَصَدْتُ لَهُ فَقَالَ : يَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنَ مَسْلَمَةَ ، مَا مَنَعَكَ أَنْ تُسَلِّمَ ؟ قُلْتُ : يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ ، رَأَيْتُكَ فَعَلْتَ بِهَذَا الرَّجُلِ شَيْئًا ، مَا فَعَلْتَهُ بِأَحَدٍ مِنَ النَّاسِ ، فَكَرِهْتُ أَنْ أَقْطَعَ عَلَيْكَ حَدِيثَكَ ، فَمَنْ ذَلِكَ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ ؟ قَالَ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : جِبْرِيلُ ، أَمَا إِنَّهُ لَوْ سَلَّمْتَ لَرَدَدْنَا عَلَيْكَ ، قَالَ : وَمَا قَالَ لَكَ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ ؟ قَالَ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : لَمْ يَزَلْ يُوصِينِي بِالْجَارِ ، حَتَّى كُنْتُ أَنْتَظِرُ أَنَّهُ يَأْمُرُنِي أَنْ يُوَرِّثَهُ .
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Muhammad bin Maslamah (may Allah be pleased with him) that he said: I passed by and saw the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) seated on (Mount) al-Safa with his (peace and blessings be upon him) blessed cheek placed against the cheek of a man. Then that man departed. Only a little time had passed when the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) called me, so I turned towards him (peace and blessings be upon him) and came, and he (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "O Muhammad bin Maslamah! What prevented you from giving the greeting of salam?" I said: "O Messenger of Allah! I saw you treat this man in a way you have never treated anyone among the people, so I disliked interrupting and cutting short your conversation. So, O Messenger of Allah, who was he?" He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "That was Jibril (peace be upon him); and remember, had you given the greeting, we would certainly have returned it to you." He said: "O Messenger of Allah! What did he say to you?" He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "He kept urging and instructing me so much concerning the rights of the neighbour that I began to think he would soon order me to make him an heir (in inheritance)."
Takhrij: The chain of this hadith is hasan (good), and its supporting narrations are found in the two Sahihs.
Takhrij: The chain of this hadith is hasan (good), and its supporting narrations are found in the two Sahihs.
حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ جَامِعٍ الْعَطَّارُ ، حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عُثْمَانَ ، حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ السَّلَامِ بْنُ أَبِي الْجَنُوبِ ، عَنْ أَبِي سَلَمَةَ ، عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ : قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : حَقُّ الْجَارِ أَرْبَعُونَ ذِرَاعًا ، هَكَذَا ، وَهَكَذَا ، وَهَكَذَا ، وَهَكَذَا ، يَمِينًا ، وَشِمَالًا ، وَقُدَّامًا ، وَخَلْفًا .
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "The right of the neighbour (that is, the extent of neighbourliness) is up to forty cubits, this way, this way, this way and this way; that is, in all four directions: right, left, front and back."
This hadith has been declared weak because of the presence in its chain of the narrator named Abd al-Salam bin Abi al-Janub.
This hadith has been declared weak because of the presence in its chain of the narrator named Abd al-Salam bin Abi al-Janub.
