Women and others whom it is forbidden to kill

Sayyiduna Ibn Ka'b bin Malik (may Allah be pleased with him) transmits from his paternal uncle: When the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) sent him to Ibn Abi al-Huqayq at Khaybar, he forbade killing women and children.
Ahmad recorded it. Its narrators are the narrators of the Sahih. The report of Tabarani will also come later.

Ayyub narrates: I heard a man from among our people transmitting this from his father; he says: The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) sent out a military expedition in which I too was present, and in it he forbade us to kill hired labourers (or the very aged) and slaves.
Ahmad recorded it. Its chain contains a narrator whose name has not been mentioned.

Sayyiduna al-Sa'b bin Jaththamah (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates: The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said, when I had asked him about the children of the polytheists: "Kill them too along with them." The narrator states: The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) had forbidden this on the occasion of the Battle of Khaybar.
Abdullah bin Ahmad recorded it, and Tabarani also recorded it, but he transmitted these words: He asked the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) about a military expedition that also kills children during a full-scale raid. The narrators of the Musnad are the narrators of the Sahih.

Sayyiduna Ka'b bin Malik (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates: The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) forbade killing women and children.
Tabarani recorded it with various chains, the narrators of one of which are the narrators of the Sahih.

Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) narrates: A man seized a woman and took her captive. The woman struggled with him over the hilt of his sword, so the man killed the woman. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) passed by the woman's body and was told about the matter, and he forbade killing women.
Ahmad and Tabarani recorded it, but he (Tabarani) transmitted these words: The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) passed by a slain woman on the occasion of the Battle of the Trench and asked: "Who killed her?" A man said: "O Messenger of Allah! I did." The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Why?" He said: "She was trying to snatch my sword." So the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) remained silent. The chain of both contains al-Hajjaj bin Artah, who is a mudallis.

Sayyiduna Awf bin Malik (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Do not kill women."
Al-Bazzar recorded it. Its chain contains Muhammad bin Abdullah bin Nimran, who is da'if (weak).

Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Atik (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates: When the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) sent him and his companions to kill Ibn Abi al-Huqayq, who was in Khaybar, he forbade the killing of women and children.
Al-Tabarani recorded it, and its narrators are the narrators of the Sahih, except for Muhammad bin Musaffa; his case is different: he is thiqah (trustworthy), and some criticism has been made of him which does no harm.

Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) narrates: I asked the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him); I said: "Horsemen of the Muslims attack a people of the polytheists and kill them and kill their children as well." The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "They (the children) will be with their fathers and forefathers."
Al-Tabarani recorded it. Its chain contains Ibrahim bin Isma'il bin Abi Habibah, whom Ahmad declared thiqah (trustworthy) while the majority declared him da'if (weak). The remaining narrators of this report are the narrators of the Sahih.

Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) narrates: The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) forbade the killing of women and children.
Al-Bazzar recorded it, and its narrators are the narrators of the Sahih.

Sayyiduna al-Aswad bin Sari' (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates: I came to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) and took part in a battle with him. I obtained a zafar (perhaps a knife is meant). People were killed that day, until they even killed the children (of the enemy) (here the narrator is in doubt about the Arabic word). A man said: "O Messenger of Allah, they were only the children of the polytheists!" Then he said: "The best of you are also the children of polytheists." Then he said: "Beware, do not kill children! Beware, do not kill children! Beware, do not kill children! Every soul is born upon the fitrah (natural disposition) until it is able to speak; then its parents make it a Jew or a Christian."
Ahmad recorded it with various chains. Al-Tabarani recorded it likewise in al-Mu'jam al-Kabir and al-Mu'jam al-Awsat, and he recorded: "News of this reached the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), and he said: 'What is the matter with people who went beyond limits in killing, until they even killed the children?' Then a man said:" and after that the hadith is as before. The narrators of some of Ahmad's various chains are the narrators of the Sahih.

Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) narrates: Whenever the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) dispatched his armies, he would say: "Set out in the name of Allah, and fight in the way of Allah against those who have disbelieved in Allah Almighty. Do not break your covenants, do not embezzle from the spoils of war, do not mutilate anyone, do not kill children, and do not kill those devoted to worship."
Ahmad, Abu Ya'la and al-Bazzar recorded it, and al-Tabarani in al-Mu'jam al-Kabir and al-Mu'jam al-Awsat; however, he recorded these words: "Do not kill any child, woman or old man." Among the narrators of al-Bazzar is one named Ibrahim bin Isma'il bin Abi Habibah, whom Ahmad declared thiqah (trustworthy) while the majority declared him da'if (weak). The remaining narrators of al-Bazzar are the narrators of the Sahih.

Sayyiduna Thawban (may Allah be pleased with him), the freed slave of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), narrates that he heard the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) say: "Whoever kills a young child or an older person, or burns a date palm, or cuts down a fruit-bearing tree, or slaughters a goat to obtain its hide, will not return on an equal footing (without loss)."
Ahmad recorded it. Its chain contains a narrator who is not named, and a narrator Ibn Lahi'ah, in whom there is weakness.

Sayyiduna Jarir bin Abdullah al-Bajali (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates: Whenever the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) dispatched a military expedition, he would say: "Seeking blessing with the name of Allah Almighty, in the way of Allah Almighty, upon the religion of the Messenger of Allah Almighty (take part in this battle). Do not embezzle, do not break covenants, do not mutilate, and do not kill children."
Abu Ya'la recorded it, and al-Tabarani in all three books. Its chain contains Ibn Lahi'ah; the hadith he narrates is hasan (good), and there is weakness in him. The remaining narrators of this report are thiqat (trustworthy). In al-Mu'jam al-Kabir it has another route, which is da'if (weak).

Sayyiduna Abu Musa al-Ash'ari (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates: Whenever the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) dispatched a military expedition, he would say: "Seeking blessing with the name of Allah Almighty, take part in the battle, and fight those who disbelieve in Allah Almighty. Do not mutilate, do not embezzle, do not break covenants, and do not kill any child or aged old man."
Al-Bazzar recorded it, and al-Tabarani in al-Mu'jam al-Saghir and al-Mu'jam al-Kabir. The narrators of al-Bazzar are the narrators of the Sahih, except for Uthman bin Sa'id al-Murri; his case is different, and he is thiqah (trustworthy).

Ata' bin Abi Rabah narrates: We were with Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Umar (may Allah be pleased with them both) when a young man from the people of Basrah came and asked Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Umar (may Allah be pleased with them both) about something. He said: "I will tell you about that. Once I was with the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him); we were ten people including me, and we were in the Prophet's Mosque: Sayyiduna Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) was there, Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) was there, Sayyiduna Uthman (may Allah be pleased with him) was there, Sayyiduna Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) was there, Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Mas'ud (may Allah be pleased with him) was there, Sayyiduna Hudhayfah (may Allah be pleased with him) was there, Sayyiduna Abu Sa'id al-Khudri (may Allah be pleased with him) was there (the narrator says: he named one more person), and I was there. A young man from the Ansar came, greeted the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) with salam and then sat down. He said: 'O Messenger of Allah, which of the believers is most excellent?' The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: 'The one whose character is best.' He said: 'Which of the believers is the most sensible?' The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: 'The one who remembers death the most and prepares for it the most before it descends upon him; these are the sensible ones.' Then he fell silent. Then the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) turned towards us and said: 'Whenever indecency becomes manifest among a people, plague and various kinds of diseases appear among them which did not exist among those before them. Whenever a people give short measure and weight, they are seized by years of famine, hardship in their circumstances and the oppression of rulers over them. Those who do not give the zakah of their wealth are withheld rain from the sky, so much so that were it not for the animals, no rain would fall on them at all. Those who break the covenant made in the name of Allah Almighty or the covenant made in the name of His Messenger, Allah Almighty sets their enemy over them, until he seizes some of what they possess. And when the rulers of a people do not judge according to the Book of Allah, Allah Almighty places hardship (or disputes) among them.'" The narrator says: Then the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) ordered Sayyiduna Abd al-Rahman bin Awf (may Allah be pleased with him) to prepare for a military expedition, of which the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) had appointed Sayyiduna Abd al-Rahman (may Allah be pleased with him) as commander. The next morning, when he came, he had tied a black turban of coarse cloth. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) called him, undid his turban, tied the turban on him again, and let a tail of four fingers' length hang down at the back. Then he said: "O Ibn Awf, tie your turban like this, for it is in keeping with the custom of the Arabs and is better." Then the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) ordered Sayyiduna Bilal (may Allah be pleased with him) to hand him the flag. He praised Allah Almighty and then said: "All of you, take part in the battle in the way of Allah, and fight those who disbelieve in Allah Almighty. Do not embezzle, do not break covenants, do not mutilate, and do not kill any child. This is the covenant of the Messenger of Allah and his Sunnah among you." (Allamah Haythami says:) I say: Ibn Majah recorded part of this report.
Al-Bazzar recorded it, and its narrators are thiqat (trustworthy).

Sayyiduna Abu Tha'labah al-Khushani (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates: The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) forbade the killing of women and children.
Al-Tabarani recorded it in al-Mu'jam al-Awsat. Its chain contains Salm bin Maymun al-Khawwas, and he is da'if (weak).

Sayyiduna Abu Sa'id al-Khudri (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates: The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) forbade the killing of women and children, and he said: "These two will go to whoever prevails."
Al-Tabarani recorded it in al-Mu'jam al-Awsat. Its chain contains Atiyyah al-Awfi, and he is da'if (weak).