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مجمع الزوائد ومنبع الفوائد
Majma' al-Zawa'id
كتاب الجهاد
Book of Jihad
بَابُ مَا نُهِيَ عَنْ قَتْلِهِ مِنَ النِّسَاءِ وَغَيْرِ ذَلِكَ
Women and others whom it is forbidden to kill
Majma al-Zawaid — Hadith 9615
اُردوEn
وَعَنْ عَطَاءِ بْنِ أَبِي رَبَاحٍ قَالَ : كُنَّا مَعَ ابْنِ عُمَرَ فَجَاءَ فَتًى مِنْ أَهْلِ الْبَصْرَةِ فَسَأَلَهُ عَنْ شَيْءٍ فَقَالَ : سَأُخْبِرُكَ عَنْ ذَلِكَ قَالَ : كُنْتُ عِنْدَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - عَاشِرَ عَشَرَةٍ فِي مَسْجِدِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - أَبُو بَكْرٍ وَعُمَرُ وَعُثْمَانُ وَعَلِيٌّ وَابْنُ مَسْعُودٍ وَحُذَيْفَةُ وَأَبُو سَعِيدٍ الْخُدْرِيُّ وَرَجُلٌ آخَرُ سَمَّاهُ وَأَنَا ، فَجَاءَ فَتًى مِنَ الْأَنْصَارِ فَسَلَّمَ عَلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - ثُمَّ جَلَسَ فَقَالَ : يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ أَيُّ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ أَفْضَلُ ؟ قَالَ : " أَحْسَنُهُمْ خُلُقًا " . قَالَ : أَيُّ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ أَكْيَسُ ؟ قَالَ : " أَكْثَرُهُمْ لِلْمَوْتِ ذِكْرًا وَأَكْثَرُهُمْ لَهُ اسْتِعْدَادًا قَبْلَ أَنْ يَنْزِلَ بِهِمْ - أَوْ قَالَ : يَنْزِلَ بِهِ - أُولَئِكَ الْأَكْيَاسُ " . ثُمَّ سَكَتَ وَأَقْبَلَ عَلَيْنَا النَّبِيُّ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - فَقَالَ : " لَمْ تَظْهَرِ الْفَاحِشَةُ فِي قَوْمٍ قَطُّ إِلَّا ظَهَرَ فِيهِمُ الطَّاعُونُ وَالْأَوْجَاعُ الَّتِي لَمْ تَكُنْ فِي أَسْلَافِهِمْ ، وَلَا نَقَصُوا الْمِكْيَالَ وَالْمِيزَانَ إِلَّا أُخِذُوا بِالسِّنِينَ وَشِدَّةِ الْمَئُونَةِ وَجَوْرِ السُّلْطَانِ عَلَيْهِمْ ، وَلَمْ يَمْنَعُوا زَكَاةَ أَمْوَالِهِمْ إِلَّا مُنِعُوا الْقَطْرَ مِنَ السَّمَاءِ وَلَوْلَا الْبَهَائِمُ لَمْ يُمْطَرُوا ، وَلَمْ يَنْقُضُوا عَهْدَ اللَّهِ وَعَهْدَ رَسُولِهِ إِلَّا سَلَّطَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِمْ عَدُوَّهُمْ فَأَخَذَ بَعْضَ مَا كَانَ فِي أَيْدِيهِمْ ، وَإِذَا لَمْ يَحْكُمْ أَئِمَّتُهُمْ بِكِتَابِ اللَّهِ إِلَّا جَعَلَ اللَّهُ بَأْسَهُمْ بَيْنَهُمْ " .
قَالَ : ثُمَّ أَمَرَ عَبْدَ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنَ عَوْفٍ يَتَجَهَّزُ لِسَرِيَّةٍ أَمَّرَهُ عَلَيْهَا ، فَأَصْبَحَ قَدِ اعْتَمَّ بِعِمَامَةٍ كَرَابِيسَ سَوْدَاءَ فَدَعَاهُ النَّبِيُّ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - فَنَقَضَهَا وَعَمَّمَهُ وَأَرْسَلَ مِنْ خَلْفِهِ أَرْبَعَ أَصَابِعَ ثُمَّ قَالَ : " هَكَذَا يَا ابْنَ عَوْفٍ فَاعْتَمَّ فَإِنَّهُ أَعْرَبُ وَأَحْسَنُ " . ثُمَّ أَمَرَ النَّبِيُّ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - بِلَالًا أَنْ يَدْفَعَ إِلَيْهِ اللِّوَاءَ فَحَمِدَ اللَّهَ ثُمَّ قَالَ : " اغْزُوا جَمِيعًا فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ فَقَاتِلُوا مَنْ كَفَرَ بِاللَّهِ ، لَا تَغُلُّوا وَلَا تَغْدِرُوا وَلَا تُمَثِّلُوا وَلَا تَقْتُلُوا وَلِيدًا " .
فَهَذَا عَهْدُ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - وَسُنَّتُهُ فِيكُمْ .
قُلْتُ : رَوَى ابْنُ مَاجَهْ بَعْضَهُ .
رَوَاهُ الْبَزَّارُ وَرِجَالُهُ ثِقَاتٌ .
قَالَ : ثُمَّ أَمَرَ عَبْدَ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنَ عَوْفٍ يَتَجَهَّزُ لِسَرِيَّةٍ أَمَّرَهُ عَلَيْهَا ، فَأَصْبَحَ قَدِ اعْتَمَّ بِعِمَامَةٍ كَرَابِيسَ سَوْدَاءَ فَدَعَاهُ النَّبِيُّ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - فَنَقَضَهَا وَعَمَّمَهُ وَأَرْسَلَ مِنْ خَلْفِهِ أَرْبَعَ أَصَابِعَ ثُمَّ قَالَ : " هَكَذَا يَا ابْنَ عَوْفٍ فَاعْتَمَّ فَإِنَّهُ أَعْرَبُ وَأَحْسَنُ " . ثُمَّ أَمَرَ النَّبِيُّ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - بِلَالًا أَنْ يَدْفَعَ إِلَيْهِ اللِّوَاءَ فَحَمِدَ اللَّهَ ثُمَّ قَالَ : " اغْزُوا جَمِيعًا فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ فَقَاتِلُوا مَنْ كَفَرَ بِاللَّهِ ، لَا تَغُلُّوا وَلَا تَغْدِرُوا وَلَا تُمَثِّلُوا وَلَا تَقْتُلُوا وَلِيدًا " .
فَهَذَا عَهْدُ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - وَسُنَّتُهُ فِيكُمْ .
قُلْتُ : رَوَى ابْنُ مَاجَهْ بَعْضَهُ .
رَوَاهُ الْبَزَّارُ وَرِجَالُهُ ثِقَاتٌ .
Ata' bin Abi Rabah narrates: We were with Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Umar (may Allah be pleased with them both) when a young man from the people of Basrah came and asked Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Umar (may Allah be pleased with them both) about something. He said: "I will tell you about that. Once I was with the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him); we were ten people including me, and we were in the Prophet's Mosque: Sayyiduna Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) was there, Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) was there, Sayyiduna Uthman (may Allah be pleased with him) was there, Sayyiduna Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) was there, Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Mas'ud (may Allah be pleased with him) was there, Sayyiduna Hudhayfah (may Allah be pleased with him) was there, Sayyiduna Abu Sa'id al-Khudri (may Allah be pleased with him) was there (the narrator says: he named one more person), and I was there. A young man from the Ansar came, greeted the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) with salam and then sat down. He said: 'O Messenger of Allah, which of the believers is most excellent?' The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: 'The one whose character is best.' He said: 'Which of the believers is the most sensible?' The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: 'The one who remembers death the most and prepares for it the most before it descends upon him; these are the sensible ones.' Then he fell silent. Then the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) turned towards us and said: 'Whenever indecency becomes manifest among a people, plague and various kinds of diseases appear among them which did not exist among those before them. Whenever a people give short measure and weight, they are seized by years of famine, hardship in their circumstances and the oppression of rulers over them. Those who do not give the zakah of their wealth are withheld rain from the sky, so much so that were it not for the animals, no rain would fall on them at all. Those who break the covenant made in the name of Allah Almighty or the covenant made in the name of His Messenger, Allah Almighty sets their enemy over them, until he seizes some of what they possess. And when the rulers of a people do not judge according to the Book of Allah, Allah Almighty places hardship (or disputes) among them.'" The narrator says: Then the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) ordered Sayyiduna Abd al-Rahman bin Awf (may Allah be pleased with him) to prepare for a military expedition, of which the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) had appointed Sayyiduna Abd al-Rahman (may Allah be pleased with him) as commander. The next morning, when he came, he had tied a black turban of coarse cloth. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) called him, undid his turban, tied the turban on him again, and let a tail of four fingers' length hang down at the back. Then he said: "O Ibn Awf, tie your turban like this, for it is in keeping with the custom of the Arabs and is better." Then the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) ordered Sayyiduna Bilal (may Allah be pleased with him) to hand him the flag. He praised Allah Almighty and then said: "All of you, take part in the battle in the way of Allah, and fight those who disbelieve in Allah Almighty. Do not embezzle, do not break covenants, do not mutilate, and do not kill any child. This is the covenant of the Messenger of Allah and his Sunnah among you." (Allamah Haythami says:) I say: Ibn Majah recorded part of this report.
Al-Bazzar recorded it, and its narrators are thiqat (trustworthy).
Al-Bazzar recorded it, and its narrators are thiqat (trustworthy).
