The obligation of prayer

Sayyiduna Uthman al-Ghani (may Allah be pleased with him) reports this statement of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him): "Whoever knows that prayer is a truth and an obligation will enter Paradise."
Abdullah bin Ahmad recorded it in his "Ziyadat", and Imam Abu Ya'la also recorded it, but he recorded these words: "It is a truth, it has been prescribed, it is obligatory." Imam al-Bazzar recorded something similar, and its narrators have been declared trustworthy.

Sayyidah Aishah al-Siddiqah (may Allah be pleased with her) narrates that she heard the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) say: "Indeed, Allah Almighty has made five prayers obligatory upon the servants in every day and night."
Imam al-Tabarani recorded it in al-Mu'jam al-Awsat from his teacher Muhammad bin Rashid; I do not know him. The narrator Rawwad bin al-Jarrah was declared "thiqah (trustworthy)" by Imam Ahmad, and Ibn Hibban also declared him "thiqah"; there is weakness in him. Hadiths about the obligation of prayer will come later, in the chapter on the travel prayer.

Sayyiduna Anas bin Malik (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates: The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Indeed, the first thing of their religion that Allah Almighty made obligatory upon the servants is prayer, and the last thing that will remain is prayer, and the first thing for which the servant will be held to account is prayer. Allah Almighty will say (to the angels): Examine My servant's prayer! If it is complete, it will be recorded as complete; and if it is deficient, Allah Almighty will say: Examine whether he has any voluntary prayer. If any voluntary prayer of his is found, his obligatory prayer will be completed by means of the voluntary. Then Allah Almighty will say: Examine whether his zakah is complete. If that servant's zakah is found complete, it will be recorded as complete; and if it is deficient, Allah Almighty will say: Examine whether he gave any charity (sadaqah). If he has any charity, his zakah will be completed by means of the charity."
Imam Abu Ya'la recorded it; its chain contains a narrator, Yazid al-Raqashi, whom Shu'bah and others declared da'if (weak), while Yahya bin Ma'in and Ibn Adi declared him "thiqah (trustworthy)".

Sayyiduna Hanzalah al-Katib (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates: I heard the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) say: "Whoever guards the five prayers, their bowings, their prostrations and their times, and knows that they are a truth from Allah Almighty, that person will enter Paradise (the narrator is in doubt; perhaps the words are:) Paradise will become obligatory for him (the narrator is in doubt; perhaps the words are:) he will be forbidden to the Fire."
Imam Ahmad and Imam al-Tabarani in al-Mu'jam al-Kabir recorded it; the narrators of Imam Ahmad are the narrators of the "Sahih".

Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) narrates: Banu Sa'd bin Bakr sent Dimam bin Tha'labah as a delegate (that is, as a representative) to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him). He came to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), made his camel kneel at the door of the mosque and then tied it, then entered the mosque. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) was at that time seated among his Companions. Dimam was a man with abundant hair, and he wore two braids. He came and stopped beside the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), who was among his Companions, and asked: Which of you is the son of Abd al-Muttalib? The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: I am the son of Abd al-Muttalib. He asked: Are you Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him)? The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) replied: Yes! He said: O son of Abd al-Muttalib! I want to ask you something, and my tone may be harsh while asking, so do not take it ill. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: I will not take it ill; ask whatever seems fitting to you! He said: I ask you, adjuring you by Allah, who is your God, the God of those before you and the God of all who will come after you: Has Allah Almighty sent you to us as a Messenger? The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Allah knows; yes! He said: I ask you, adjuring you by Allah, who is your God and the God of everyone who will come after you: Has Allah Almighty commanded you to command us that we worship Him alone and associate no one with Him, and that we abandon these false deities whom our forefathers used to worship alongside Allah Almighty? The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Allah knows; it is so. He said: I ask you, adjuring you by Allah, who is your God, and the God of those before you and of all who will come after you: Has Allah Almighty commanded you that you must offer these five prayers? The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Allah knows; yes! The narrator says: Then that man mentioned the obligations of Islam one by one; he mentioned zakah, fasting, Hajj and all the basic rulings of the Shari'ah, and while mentioning each obligation he adjured the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) by Allah, just as he had adjured the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) when asking about the obligation before it. When he had finished this, he said: I bear witness that there is no god but Allah, and I bear witness that Sayyiduna Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him) is the Messenger of Allah. I will carry out these obligations from now on, and I will avoid the things you have forbidden me; I will make no reduction or addition in these rulings. The narrator says: Then he turned to go to his camel. The narrator says: When he turned away, the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: If this man with the braids is truthful, he will enter Paradise. The narrator says: That man came to his camel, untied its rope, then set off from there until he came to his people. The people gathered and came to him, and the very first thing he said was: How evil are al-Lat and al-Uzza! Those people said: Stop, O Dimam! Beware of leprosy and elephantiasis! Beware of madness! He said: Woe to you! By Allah, these two can neither cause any harm nor bring any benefit. Allah Almighty has sent a Messenger and revealed a Book to him, so that through that Messenger He may save you from the thing (that is, polytheism) in which you are caught up. I bear witness that there is no god but Allah, He alone, He has no partner, and that Sayyiduna Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him) is His servant and His Messenger. I have brought to you from him what he has commanded you and what he has forbidden you. The narrator says: By Allah! Before evening came that day, every man and woman present there had become Muslim. Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) says: We have not heard of any delegate of a people who was more excellent than Dimam. (Allamah al-Haythami says:) The author of "al-Atraf" attributed this narration to Imam Abu Dawud, but I did not find this narration in Sunan Abi Dawud; I found only its opening part.
Imam Ahmad and Imam al-Tabarani in al-Mu'jam al-Kabir recorded it, and the narrators of Imam Ahmad have been declared trustworthy.

Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) narrates: A Bedouin from Banu Sa'd bin Bakr came to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) and said: "O young man of the descendants of Abd al-Muttalib! Peace be upon you." The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said to him: "And upon you be peace." He said: "I am a man from your maternal relatives, from Banu Sa'd bin Bakr, and I have come to you as the messenger and delegate of my people. I am going to ask you some questions; in the questions put to you my tone may be sharp, and in my exchange with you there may be some severity." The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said to him: "O man from Banu Sa'd! Speak!" He asked: "Who created you, and who created those before you? And who is the Creator of those after you?" The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) replied: "Allah Almighty." He said: "Then I ask you by Him: has He sent you?" The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) replied: "Yes!" He asked: "Who created the seven heavens and the seven earths, and who made provision flow between them?" The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) replied: "Allah Almighty." He said: "Then I ask you by Him: is it He who has sent you?" The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) replied: "Yes!" He said: "We have found this in your letter, and your messengers have commanded us that we offer five prayers in the day and night at their appointed times. I ask you by that Being: has He commanded you with this?" The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) replied: "Yes!" The man said: "We have found this in your letter, and your messengers have commanded us that we fast the month of Ramadan. So I ask you by that Being: has He commanded you with this as well?" The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) replied: "Yes!" He said: "We have found this in your letter, and your messengers have told us that we take a portion of our wealth and distribute it among our poor. I ask you by that Being: has He commanded you with this?" The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) replied: "Yes!" He said: "As for the fifth matter, I will not ask you about it, nor do I have any interest in it." The narrator says: He meant "indecencies (fawahish)." Then he said: "By the One who has sent you with the truth, I will act upon these things, and whoever from my people obeys me will act upon them too." Then the man went back, and the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) smiled until his molar teeth became visible. Then he (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "If he is speaking the truth, he will certainly enter Paradise."
Al-Tabarani recorded it in al-Mu'jam al-Kabir and al-Mu'jam al-Awsat; its chain contains Ata' bin al-Sa'ib, who is thiqah (trustworthy), but his memory became confused (ikhtilat).

Sayyiduna Abu al-Tufayl Amir bin Wathilah (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates: A man passed by some people and greeted them with salam, and the people returned his greeting. When he had gone past them, one man among them said: "By Allah! I dislike this man for the sake of Allah." The people of the gathering said: "By Allah! You have said an evil thing. By Allah! I will certainly inform him about this." Then they said to one of their own: "O so-and-so! Get up and tell him about this!" Their messenger went to the other man and told him what that man had said. So the man turned back and came to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him). He said: "O Messenger of Allah! I passed by a gathering of Muslims among whom was so-and-so. I greeted them and they returned the greeting. When I had gone past them, one of them came to me and told me that so-and-so had said: 'By Allah! I hate this man for the sake of Allah.' O Messenger of Allah! Please summon him and ask him why he hates me." The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) summoned the second man and asked him about what the first man had told him (peace and blessings be upon him). The second man admitted it and said: "O Messenger of Allah! I did say this about him." The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Why do you hate him?" The second man replied: "I am his neighbour and I know about him. By Allah! I have never seen him offer any prayer; he only offers the obligatory prayer, which every righteous and sinful person offers." The first man said: "O Messenger of Allah! Ask him whether he has ever seen me delay the prayer beyond its appointed time, or make a mistake in performing ablution for it, or make a mistake in its bowing (ruku') or prostration (sujud)." The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) asked the second man, and he replied: "No! By Allah! (That is, I have never seen him do that.)" Then the second man said: "By Allah! I have never seen him keep (any voluntary) fast; he only fasts this particular month which every righteous and sinful person fasts." The first man said: "O Messenger of Allah! Ask him whether he has ever seen me neglect it or fall short in any of its due." The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) asked the second man, and he replied: "No! (That is, I have never seen him do that.)" Then the second man said: "By Allah! I have never seen him give anything to a beggar, nor have I ever seen him spend anything from his wealth in the way of Allah, except for this zakah which every righteous and sinful person pays." The first man said: "O Messenger of Allah! Ask him whether I have ever concealed anything of the zakah, or ever haggled with the person who came to collect it." The narrator says: The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) asked the second man about this, and he replied: "No!" Then the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said to him: "Get up! I think he is better than you."
Ahmad and al-Tabarani in al-Mu'jam al-Kabir recorded it, and Ahmad's narrators are thiqat (trustworthy) and thabt (firmly reliable).

Sayyiduna Nu'man bin Qawqal (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates that he came to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) and said: "O Messenger of Allah! What is your view: if I offer the obligatory prayer, fast Ramadan, regard the unlawful as unlawful and the lawful as lawful, and do not add anything to that, will I enter Paradise?" The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Yes!" The man said: "By Allah! I will not add anything to that."
Al-Tabarani recorded it in al-Mu'jam al-Kabir; its chain contains Ibn Lahi'ah, who is da'if (weak). This narration is found in the Sahih as a hadith of Sayyiduna Jabir (may Allah be pleased with him).

Sayyiduna Abu al-Darda' (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates: A man from the Ansar swore an oath that he would never do any voluntary deed, and that he would not abandon anything Allah Almighty had made obligatory upon him. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Do you find fault with a man who, if he were to swear an oath by Allah, Allah Almighty would fulfil it?"
Al-Tabarani recorded it in al-Mu'jam al-Kabir; its chain contains Sadaqah bin Abdullah al-Samin, whom Ahmad and a group declared da'if (weak), while Duhaym and Abu Hatim declared him thiqah (trustworthy).

Abd al-Rahman bin Mu'awiyah bin Khadij narrates: I heard a man from Kindah say: I heard a Companion from the Ansar narrate this hadith; he said that he heard the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) say: "Whoever falls short in anything of his prayer, Allah Almighty will complete that shortfall from his voluntary prayers."
Ahmad recorded it; its chain contains a narrator who is not named.

Yahya bin Ya'mar narrates from a Companion this saying of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him): "The first thing for which a servant will be called to account is his prayer. If it is complete, it will be recorded for him as complete. If it is not complete, Allah Almighty will say (to the angels): 'Do you find any voluntary prayer of My servant with which you may complete his obligatory prayer?' Then the matter of zakah will be likewise, and then all other deeds will be dealt with in the same way."
Allamah al-Haythami says: I say: Al-Nasa'i (may Allah have mercy on him) recorded something similar through Yahya bin Ya'mar from Sayyiduna Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him). I do not know whether it is this same hadith or another. Ahmad recorded this narration under a person other than Sayyiduna Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him), and its narrators are the narrators of the Sahih.

Sayyiduna A'idh bin Qurt (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates: The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Whoever offers a prayer and does not complete it, (his prayer) will be supplemented from his voluntary prayers until it (the obligatory prayer) is complete."
Al-Tabarani recorded it in al-Mu'jam al-Kabir, and its narrators are thiqat (trustworthy).

Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Qurt (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates: The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Whoever offers a prayer and does not offer it completely, it (the obligatory prayer) will be supplemented from his voluntary prayers."
Al-Tabarani recorded it in al-Mu'jam al-Kabir, and its narrators are thiqat (trustworthy).

Sayyiduna Anas (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates this saying of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him): "On the Day of Resurrection, the first thing for which a servant will be called to account is the prayer. If it is sound, all his other deeds will be sound; and if it is corrupt, all his other deeds will be corrupt."
Al-Tabarani recorded it in al-Mu'jam al-Awsat; its chain contains al-Qasim bin Uthman. Al-Bukhari (may Allah have mercy on him) said: "He has hadiths in which he is not corroborated." Ibn Hibban mentioned this narrator in al-Thiqat and said: "He sometimes made mistakes."

Sayyiduna Anas (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates: The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "On the Day of Resurrection, the first thing a servant will be asked about is that his prayer will be examined. If it is sound, that servant will be successful; and if it is corrupt, that servant will be disgraced and suffer loss."
Al-Tabarani recorded it in al-Mu'jam al-Awsat; its chain contains Khulayd bin Da'laj, whom Ahmad, al-Nasa'i (may Allah have mercy on him) and al-Daraqutni (may Allah have mercy on him) declared da'if (weak). Ibn Adi (may Allah have mercy on him) said: "Most of his hadiths are corroborated by other narrators."

Al-Hasan al-Basri narrates from Sayyiduna Abu Hurayrah - (the narrator says:) I think he mentioned it from the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) (that is, the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said): "The slave servant will be called to account for his prayer. When there is a shortfall in it, it will be said to him: 'Why did you fall short in it?' He will say: 'O my Lord! You placed over me a master who kept me busy from my prayer.' Allah Almighty will say: 'I saw you steal from his (that is, your master's) wealth for yourself; could you not have stolen from your work for yourself?' (The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said:) So the proof of Allah Almighty will be established against him."
Ahmad recorded it; its chain contains Mubarak bin Fadalah, whom Uthman, Ahmad and a group declared thiqah (trustworthy), and there is a difference of opinion about using him as evidence.

Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Amr narrates: One day the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) mentioned the prayer and said: "Whoever guards it, it will be a light, a proof and a means of salvation for him on the Day of Resurrection. And whoever does not guard it will have no light, no proof and no salvation, and on the Day of Resurrection such a person will be with Pharaoh, Haman and Ubayy bin Khalaf."
Ahmad, and al-Tabarani in al-Mu'jam al-Kabir and al-Mu'jam al-Awsat, recorded it, and Ahmad's narrators are thiqat (trustworthy).

Sayyiduna Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates: The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "The one who has no prayer has no share in Islam, and the one who has no ablution has no prayer."
Al-Bazzar recorded it; its chain contains Abdullah bin Sa'id bin Abi Sa'id, and the hadith scholars are agreed that he is da'if (weak).

Sayyiduna Hudhayfah (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates this saying of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him): "Islam has eight shares: Islam (that is, the verbal declaration of faith) is one share, and the prayer is one share." This hadith has already passed in full earlier, and other hadiths have also passed in the chapter on faith (Iman).
The hadith narrated by Sayyiduna Hudhayfah (may Allah be pleased with him) is hasan (good).

Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Umar (may Allah be pleased with them both) narrates: The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "The one who has no trustworthiness has no faith; the one who has no purification has no prayer; and the one who has no prayer has no religion. The position of the prayer in the religion is the same as the position of the head in the body."
Al-Tabarani recorded it in al-Mu'jam al-Awsat and al-Mu'jam al-Saghir, and he said: The narrator al-Husayn bin al-Hakam al-Hibari is alone in narrating it.

Abu Salamah narrates from Sayyiduna Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) this saying of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him): "Whoever has not offered the witr, he has no prayer." The narrator says: When Sayyidah Aishah (may Allah be pleased with her) came to know of this narration, she said: "Who heard this from Abu al-Qasim (peace and blessings be upon him)? By Allah! Not much time has passed, nor have I forgotten. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: 'Whoever comes on the Day of Resurrection with the five prayers, having guarded their ablution, their times, their bowing and their prostrations, without falling short in anything of them, when that person comes he will have a covenant from Allah Almighty that Allah Almighty will not punish him. And whoever comes in such a state that he has fallen short in any respect in these prayers, that person will have no covenant with Allah Almighty: if Allah Almighty wills, He will have mercy on him, and if He wills, He will punish him.'"
Al-Tabarani recorded it in al-Mu'jam al-Awsat, and he said: From the narrator Muhammad bin Amr, only Isa bin Waqid narrated this. (Allamah al-Haythami says:) I say: I have not found anyone who mentions him.

Sayyiduna Anas (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates this saying of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him): "There are three things: whoever guards them is truly a friend (wali), and whoever neglects them is truly an enemy: the prayer, fasting and janabah."
Al-Tabarani recorded it in al-Mu'jam al-Awsat; its chain contains Adi bin al-Fadl, who is da'if (weak).

Sayyiduna Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates: Once the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said to the members of his Ummah who were around him: "Guarantee six things to me, and I guarantee Paradise to you." The narrator says: I said: "O Messenger of Allah! What are they?" The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "The prayer, zakah, trustworthiness, the private parts, the stomach and the tongue."
Al-Tabarani recorded it in al-Mu'jam al-Awsat, and he said: This narration is reported from Sayyiduna Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) only with this chain. (Allamah al-Haythami says:) I say: Its chain is hasan (good).

Sayyiduna Abu Malik al-Ashja'i (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates from his father: When a man accepted Islam, the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) would first of all teach us the prayer. The narrator is unsure; perhaps the words are: he would teach him the prayer.
Al-Bazzar, and al-Tabarani in al-Mu'jam al-Kabir, recorded it, and its narrators are the narrators of the Sahih.

Sayyidah Aishah Siddiqah (may Allah be pleased with her) narrates that she heard the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) say: "Indeed, Allah Almighty has made five prayers obligatory upon the servants in every day and night."
Al-Tabarani recorded it in al-Mu'jam al-Awsat, and its chain is hasan (good).

Sayyiduna Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) and Sayyiduna Abu Sa'id al-Khudri (may Allah be pleased with him) say: "The first prayer made obligatory upon the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) was the Zuhr prayer."
Al-Tabarani recorded it in al-Mu'jam al-Awsat; its chain contains Yasin al-Zayyat, who is matruk (abandoned).

Sayyiduna Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) says: The first prayer we offered was the Asr prayer (or perhaps the translation is: the first prayer in which we performed bowing was the Asr prayer). I said: "O Messenger of Allah! What is this?" He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "I have been commanded with this."
Al-Bazzar, and al-Tabarani in al-Mu'jam al-Awsat, recorded it; its chain contains a narrator Abu Abd al-Rahim. If he is Khalid bin Yazid, then he is thiqah (trustworthy) and one of the narrators of the Sahih. I have not found Abu Abd al-Rahim mentioned in Mizan al-I'tidal; this person is majhul (unknown).

Sayyiduna Abu Rafi' (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates: When the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) passed away, his blessed head was in the lap of Sayyiduna Ali bin Abi Talib (may Allah be pleased with him), and he said to Sayyiduna Ali (may Allah be pleased with him): "Keep fearing Allah Almighty regarding those under your ownership, and (keep to the command of) Allah Almighty regarding the prayer." The narrator says: This was the last speech the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) uttered.
Al-Bazzar recorded it; its chain contains Ghassan bin Abdullah, and I have not found anyone who has given his biography; the rest of its narrators are thiqat (trustworthy).

Wasil narrates: I met one of the Companions of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) whose name was Sayyiduna Najiyah al-Tufawi (may Allah be pleased with him); he used to write copies of the Qur'an. A woman came to him and said: "I have come to ask you about the prayer." He said: "You are a sinful woman, or you have come from a sinful man." The woman said: "No! Rather, I have come from a sinful man. My family married me off while I was a virgin girl. A man from Banu Tamim married me; several days pass over him in which he does not use water and does not pray. Then, after three days have passed, he comes, performs ablution with water, then pecks twice, and says: '(Allah Almighty has said:) "Guard the prayers, and the middle prayer, and stand before Allah in humility."'" Sayyiduna Najiyah al-Tufawi (may Allah be pleased with him) said to the woman: "The Messenger of Allah offered five prayers: Zuhr, Asr, Maghrib, Isha and Subh (that is, the Fajr prayer)." The woman went to her family and said: "Separate me from my husband, for he is a sinful man!"
Al-Tabarani recorded it in al-Mu'jam al-Kabir; its chain contains al-Bara' bin Abdullah al-Ghanawi, whom Ahmad and others declared da'if (weak). Ibn Adi said: "In my view he is closer to being truthful than to being weak." (Allamah al-Haythami says:) I say: The criticism of those who declared him weak is itself mild.

Sayyiduna Bayjarah bin Amir narrates: We came to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) and accepted Islam, and we requested him (peace and blessings be upon him) to excuse us from the Isha prayer. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) asked: "Why the Isha prayer?" We said: "At that time we are busy milking our camels." The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "If Allah wills, you will both milk the camels and offer the prayer."
Al-Tabarani recorded it in al-Mu'jam al-Kabir through al-Rahhal bin al-Mundhir, from his father, from his grandfather Sayyiduna Bayjarah (may Allah be pleased with him). I have not found anyone who mentions al-Rahhal or his father; and Allah knows best.

Abu al-Bakhtari narrates: Sayyiduna Salman (may Allah be pleased with him) acquired a slave girl, and he said to her in Persian: "Pray!" She replied: "No!" Sayyiduna Salman (may Allah be pleased with him) said: "Make one prostration!" She replied: "No!" It was said to Sayyiduna Salman al-Farisi (may Allah be pleased with him): "O Abu Abdullah! Of what use will one prostration be to this woman?" Sayyiduna Salman al-Farisi (may Allah be pleased with him) said: "If she prayed, she would pray. The one who has a share in Islam is not like the one who has no share."
Al-Tabarani recorded it in al-Mu'jam al-Kabir; its chain contains Dirar bin Surad Abu Nu'aym, who is extremely da'if (weak).