السنن الكبرى للبيهقي
Sunan al-Kubra al-Bayhaqi
كتاب الشهادات
Book of Testimonies
باب: : ما جاء في اللعب بالبنات
Reports on playing with dolls
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أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ، وَأَبُو طَاهِرٍ الْفَقِيهُ، وَأَبُو زَكَرِيَّا بْنُ أَبِي إِسْحَاقَ، وَأَبُو سَعِيدِ بْنُ أَبِي عَمْرٍو قَالُوا: ثنا أَبُو الْعَبَّاسِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ، ثنا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْحَكَمِ، أنبأ أَنَسُ بْنُ عِيَاضٍ، عَنْ هِشَامِ بْنِ عُرْوَةَ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنْ عَائِشَةَ، رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهَا أَنَّهَا ⦗٣٧١⦘ قَالَتْ: " كُنْتُ أَلْعَبُ بِالْبَنَاتِ عِنْدَ رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، وَكَانَ يَأْتِينِي صَوَاحِبِي، فَكُنَّ يَنْقَمِعْنَ مِنْ رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، قَالَتْ: وَكَانَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يُسَرِّبُهُنَّ إِلِيَّ، فَيَلْعَبْنَ مَعِي ". قَالَ أَنَسٌ: يَنْقَمِعْنَ: يَفْرُرْنَ، أَخْرَجَهُ الْبُخَارِيُّ، وَمُسْلِمٌ فِي الصَّحِيحِ مِنْ أَوْجُهٍ، عَنْ هِشَامِ بْنِ عُرْوَةَ.
Hisham bin Urwah narrates from his father that Sayyidah Aishah (may Allah be pleased with her) said: I used to play with dolls in the presence of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him). My friends would come, but when the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) came they would hide, and the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) would send them to me so that they could play with me.
أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو زَكَرِيَّا بْنُ أَبِي إِسْحَاقَ الْمُزَكِّي، أنبأ أَبُو الْحَسَنِ أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عُبْدُوسٍ، ثنا عُثْمَانُ بْنُ سَعِيدٍ الدَّارِمِيُّ، ثنا سَعِيدُ بْنُ أَبِي مَرْيَمَ، أنبأ يَحْيَى بْنُ أَيُّوبَ، حَدَّثَنِي عُمَارَةُ بْنُ غَزِيَّةَ، أَنَّ مُحَمَّدَ بْنَ إِبْرَاهِيمَ التَّيْمِيَّ، حَدَّثَهُ، عَنْ أَبِي سَلَمَةَ بْنِ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ، عَنْ عَائِشَةَ، رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهَا قَالَتْ: قَدِمَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ مِنْ غَزْوَةِ تَبُوكَ وَقَدْ نَصَبْتُ عَلَى بَابِ حُجْرَتِي عَبَاءَةً، وَعَلَى عُرْضِ بَيْتِي سِتْرًا أَرْمِنِيًّا، فَدَخَلَ الْبَيْتَ فَلَمَّا رَآهُ قَالَ: " مَا لِي يَا عَائِشَةُ وَالدُّنْيَا؟ "، فَهَتَكَ السِّتْرَ حَتَّى وَقَعَ بِالْأَرْضِ، وَفِي سَهْوَتِهَا سِتْرٌ، فَهَبَّتْ رِيحٌ فَكَشَفَ نَاحِيَةَ السِّتْرِ عَنْ بَنَاتٍ لِعَائِشَةَ لُعَبٍ، فَقَالَ: " مَا هَذَا يَا عَائِشَةُ؟ "، قَالَتْ: بَنَاتِي، قَالَتْ: وَرَأَى بَيْنَ طُوبِهَا فَرَسًا لَهُ جَنَاحَانِ مِنْ رُقَعٍ، قَالَ: " فَمَا هَذَا الَّذِي أَرَى فِي وَسَطِهِنَّ؟ "، قَالَتْ: فَرَسٌ، قَالَ: " مَا هَذَا الَّذِي عَلَيْهِ؟ "، قَالَتْ: جَنَاحَانِ، قَالَ: " فَرَسٌ لَهُ جَنَاحَانِ؟ "، قَالَتْ: أَوَمَا سَمِعْتَ أَنَّ لِسُلَيْمَانَ بْنِ دَاوُدَ خَيْلًا لَهُ أَجْنِحَةٌ؟ قَالَتْ: فَضَحِكَ حَتَّى بَدَتْ نَوَاجِذُهُ " رَوَاهُ أَبُو دَاوُدَ فِي السُّنَنِ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَوْفٍ، عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ أَبِي مَرْيَمَ وَقَالَ فِي الْحَدِيثِ: مِنْ غَزْوَةِ تَبُوكَ أَوْ خَيْبَرَ، وَقَدْ ثَبَتَ عَنْ رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ النَّهْيُ عَنِ التَّصَاوِيرِ وَالتَّمَاثِيلِ مِنْ أَوْجُهٍ كَثِيرَةٍ عَنْهُ، فَيُحْتَمَلُ أَنْ يَكُونَ الْمَحْفُوظُ فِي رِوَايَةِ أَبِي سَلَمَةَ، عَنْ عَائِشَةَ قُدُومَهُ مِنْ غَزْوَةِ خَيْبَرَ، وَأَنَّ ذَلِكَ كَانَ قَبْلَ تَحْرِيمِ الصُّوَرِ وَالتَّمَاثِيلِ، ثُمَّ كَانَ تَحْرِيمُهَا بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ، فَمِنْ جُمْلَةِ مَنْ رَوَى النَّهْيَ عَنْهَا، عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَبُو هُرَيْرَةَ، وَإِسْلَامُهُ كَانَ زَمَنَ خَيْبَرَ، فَيَكُونُ السَّمَاعُ بَعْدَهُ. وَفِي حَدِيثِ جَابِرٍ أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَمَرَ عُمَرَ بْنَ الْخَطَّابِ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ زَمَنَ الْفَتْحِ وَهُوَ بِالْبَطْحَاءِ أَنْ يَأْتِيَ الْكَعْبَةَ فَيَمْحُوَ كُلَّ صُورَةٍ فِيهَا، فَلَمْ يَدْخُلْهَا النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ حَتَّى مُحِيَتْ كُلُّ صُورَةٍ فِيهَا " قَالَ الشَّيْخُ: " زَمَنُ الْفَتْحِ كَانَ بَعْدَ خَيْبَرَ، وَأَيْضًا فَإِنَّهَا كَانَتْ صَغِيرَةً فِي الْوَقْتِ الَّذِي زُفَّتْ فِيهِ إِلَى النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَمَعَهَا اللُّعَبُ، ثَبَتَ:.
Abu Salamah bin Abd al-Rahman says that Sayyidah Aishah (may Allah be pleased with her) said: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) returned from the expedition of Tabuk, and I had hung a cloak over the door of my chamber, and there was a curtain across the width of my house. He (peace and blessings be upon him) entered the house, saw the curtain and said: "O Aishah! What have I to do with the world?" He (peace and blessings be upon him) tore the curtain down until it fell to the ground. Inside that alcove were my dolls; because of the wind blowing, they became visible. He (peace and blessings be upon him) asked: "O Aishah! What is this?" I said: "My toys." He (peace and blessings be upon him) saw that among them was a horse with wings of cloth, and he (peace and blessings be upon him) asked: "What is this in the middle?" She said: "A horse." He (peace and blessings be upon him) asked: "What is on top of it?" She says: "Its two wings." He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Does a horse have wings?" She said: "Have you not heard that Sayyiduna Sulayman (peace be upon him) had a horse that had wings?" He (peace and blessings be upon him) laughed until his molar teeth became visible.
(b) In one narration it is that he (peace and blessings be upon him) returned from the expedition of Tabuk or Khaybar. The prohibition of images is established from him (peace and blessings be upon him); it is possible that this incident was before the prohibition. Sayyiduna Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) is among the narrators of the hadith of prohibition, and he accepted Islam at the time of the expedition of Khaybar, so it is possible that his hearing (of it) was after that.
In the hadith of Sayyiduna Jabir (may Allah be pleased with him) it is that at the time of the conquest of Makkah, when he was at al-Batha, he (peace and blessings be upon him) ordered Sayyiduna Umar bin al-Khattab (may Allah be pleased with him) to remove all the images from the Ka'bah, and the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) entered the Ka'bah only when all the images had been removed.
The Shaykh (may Allah have mercy on him) says: The time of the conquest was after Khaybar. Moreover, she was young at the time she was sent to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) as a bride, and she had her toys with her.
(b) In one narration it is that he (peace and blessings be upon him) returned from the expedition of Tabuk or Khaybar. The prohibition of images is established from him (peace and blessings be upon him); it is possible that this incident was before the prohibition. Sayyiduna Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) is among the narrators of the hadith of prohibition, and he accepted Islam at the time of the expedition of Khaybar, so it is possible that his hearing (of it) was after that.
In the hadith of Sayyiduna Jabir (may Allah be pleased with him) it is that at the time of the conquest of Makkah, when he was at al-Batha, he (peace and blessings be upon him) ordered Sayyiduna Umar bin al-Khattab (may Allah be pleased with him) to remove all the images from the Ka'bah, and the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) entered the Ka'bah only when all the images had been removed.
The Shaykh (may Allah have mercy on him) says: The time of the conquest was after Khaybar. Moreover, she was young at the time she was sent to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) as a bride, and she had her toys with her.
عَنِ الزُّهْرِيِّ، عَنْ عُرْوَةَ، عَنْ عَائِشَةَ، أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ تَزَوَّجَهَا وَهِيَ ابْنَةُ سَبْعِ سِنِينَ، وَزُفَّتْ إِلَيْهِ وَهِيَ ابْنَةُ تِسْعِ سِنِينَ وَلُعَبُهَا مَعَهَا، وَمَاتَ عَنْهَا وَهِيَ ابْنَةُ ثَمَانِيَ عَشْرَةَ. أَخْبَرَنَاهُ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ، أَخْبَرَنِي أَبُو عَمْرِو بْنُ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ، أنبأ الْحَسَنُ بْنُ سُفْيَانَ، ثنا ⦗٣٧٢⦘ فَيَّاضُ بْنُ زُهَيْرٍ، ثنا عَبْدُ الرَّزَّاقِ، أنبأ مَعْمَرٌ، عَنِ الزُّهْرِيِّ فَذَكَرَهُ رَوَاهُ مُسْلِمٌ فِي الصَّحِيحِ، عَنْ عَبْدِ بْنِ حُمَيْدٍ، عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّزَّاقِ وَلَيْسَ فِي شَيْءٍ مِنَ الرِّوَايَاتِ أَنَّهَا كَانَتْ بَلَغَتْ مَبْلَغَ النِّسَاءِ بِغَيْرِ السِّنِّ فِي وَقْتِ زِفَافِهَا، فَيُحْتَمَلُ إِنْ كَانَ انْشِغَالُهَا بِلُعِبِهَا وَتَقْرِيرُ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ إِيَّاهَا عَلَى ذَلِكَ إِلَى وَقْتِ بُلُوغِهَا، وَاللهُ أَعْلَمُ، وَعَلَى هَذَا حَمَلَهُ أَبُو عُبَيْدٍ فَقَالَ: " وَلَيْسَ وَجْهُ ذَلِكَ عِنْدَنَا إِلَّا مِنْ أَجْلِ أَنَّهَا لَهْوٌ لِلصِّبْيَانِ، فَلَوْ كَانَ لِلْكِبَارِ لَكَانَ مَكْرُوهًا " وَذَكَرَ الْحَلِيمِيُّ أَنَّهُ: إِنْ عُمِلَ مِنْ خَشَبٍ أَوْ حَجَرٍ أَوْ صُفْرٍ أَوْ نُحَاسٍ شَبَهَ آدَمَيٍّ تَامِّ الْأَطْرَافِ كَالْوَثَنِ وَجَبَ كَسْرُهُ، وَلَمْ يَجُزْ إِطْلَاقُ إِمْسَاكِهِ لَهُنَّ، فَأَمَّا إِذَا كَانَتِ الْوَاحِدَةُ مِنْهُنَّ تَأْخُذُ خِرْقَةً فَتَلُفُّهَا ثُمَّ تُشَكِّلُهَا بِشَكْلٍ مِنْ أَشْكَالِ الصَّبَايَا وَتُسَمِّيهَا بِنْتًا أَوْ أُمَّا، وَتَلْعَبُ بِهَا فَلَا تُمْنَعُ مِنْهَا "، وَذَكَرَ مَا فِي ذَلِكَ مِنَ انْبِسَاطِ قَلْبِهَا وَحُسْنِ نَشْوِهَا، وَمُمَارَسِتِهَا مُعَالَجَةَ الصِّبْيَانِ ".
Urwah narrates from Sayyidah Aishah (may Allah be pleased with her) that her marriage to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) took place at the age of 7, and she was sent to him as a bride at the age of 9. Her toys were with her, and when the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) passed away, she was 18 years old.
(b) There is nothing in any of the narrations stating that, at the time of her wedding, she had reached the maturity of women other than by age. So it is possible that her being occupied with her toys, and the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) letting her continue with that, lasted until the time she reached puberty, and Allah knows best. Abu Ubayd also understood it this way and said: "In our view the reason for this is only that it is an amusement for children; if it were for adults, it would be disliked." Al-Halimi mentioned that if a figure in the likeness of a human being with complete limbs is made of wood, stone, brass or copper, like an idol, it must be broken, and they may not be allowed to keep it. But if one of the girls takes a piece of cloth, wraps it, shapes it in the form of a little girl, calls it a daughter or a mother and plays with it, she is not to be prevented from it. And he mentioned the cheerfulness of heart, the good upbringing and the practice in caring for children that this brings her.
(b) There is nothing in any of the narrations stating that, at the time of her wedding, she had reached the maturity of women other than by age. So it is possible that her being occupied with her toys, and the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) letting her continue with that, lasted until the time she reached puberty, and Allah knows best. Abu Ubayd also understood it this way and said: "In our view the reason for this is only that it is an amusement for children; if it were for adults, it would be disliked." Al-Halimi mentioned that if a figure in the likeness of a human being with complete limbs is made of wood, stone, brass or copper, like an idol, it must be broken, and they may not be allowed to keep it. But if one of the girls takes a piece of cloth, wraps it, shapes it in the form of a little girl, calls it a daughter or a mother and plays with it, she is not to be prevented from it. And he mentioned the cheerfulness of heart, the good upbringing and the practice in caring for children that this brings her.
