السنن الكبرى للبيهقي
Sunan al-Kubra al-Bayhaqi
كتاب العدد
Book of Waiting Periods
باب: ما جاء في قول الله عز وجل: إلا أن يأتين بفاحشة مبينة وأن لها الخروج في الموضع الذي استثنى الله تعالى من أن تأتي بفاحشة مبينة وفي العذر
The words of Allah, the Mighty and Majestic: "Unless they commit a clear immorality", and that she may go out in the case Allah excepted, of committing a clear immorality, and for a valid excuse
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أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ، وَأَبُو بَكْرٍ أَحْمَدُ بْنُ الْحَسَنِ الْقَاضِي قَالَا: نا أَبُو الْعَبَّاسِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ، أنبأ الرَّبِيعُ بْنُ سُلَيْمَانَ، أنبأ الشَّافِعِيُّ، نا عَبْدُ الْعَزِيزِ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ الدَّرَاوَرْدِيُّ، ح وَأنبأ أَبُو نَصْرِ بْنُ قَتَادَةَ، أنبأ أَبُو مَنْصُورٍ النَّضْرَوِيُّ، نا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ نَجْدَةَ، نا سَعِيدُ بْنُ مَنْصُورٍ، نا سُفْيَانُ، عَنْ عَبْدِ الْعَزِيزِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَمْرِو بْنِ عَلْقَمَةَ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ التَّيْمِيِّ، عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ، فِي قَوْلِهِ تَعَالَى: {إِلَّا أَنْ يَأْتِينَ بِفَاحِشَةٍ مُبَيِّنَةٍ} [النساء: ١٩] قَالَ: " إِنْ تَبْذُو عَلَى أَهْلِهَا فَإِذَا بَذَتْ عَلَيْهِمْ فَقَدْ حَلَّ لَهُمْ إِخْرَاجُهَا ".
It is narrated from Abdullah bin Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) concerning the saying of Allah Almighty, 'unless they commit an immorality' [Surah al-Nisa: 19], that if she uses foul language against her family, then once she uses foul language against them, it becomes lawful for them to turn her out.
وَأَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ، وَأَبُو سَعِيدِ بْنُ أَبِي عَمْرٍو قَالَا: ثنا أَبُو الْعَبَّاسِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ ثنا الرَّبِيعُ بْنُ سُلَيْمَانَ، ثنا عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ وَهْبٍ، عَنْ سُلَيْمَانَ بْنِ بِلَالٍ، عَنْ ⦗٧٠٩⦘ عَمْرٍو مَوْلَى الْمُطَّلِبِ عَنْ عِكْرِمَةَ، عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُمَا أَنَّهُ سُئِلَ عَنْ هَذِهِ الْآيَةِ، {لَا تُخْرِجُوهُنَّ مِنْ بُيُوتِهِنَّ وَلَا يَخْرُجْنَ إِلَّا أَنْ يَأْتِينَ بِفَاحِشَةٍ مُبَيِّنَةٍ} [الطلاق: ١] فَقَالَ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُمَا: " الْفَاحِشَةُ الْمُبَيِّنَةُ أَنْ تَفْحَشَ الْمَرْأَةُ عَلَى أَهْلِ الرَّجُلِ وَتُؤْذِيَهُمْ " قَالَ الشَّافِعِيُّ رَحِمَهُ اللهُ: سُنَّةُ رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فِي حَدِيثِ فَاطِمَةَ بِنْتِ قَيْسٍ تَدُلُّ عَلَى أَنَّ مَا تَأَوَّلَ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُمَا فِي قَوْلِ اللهِ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ {إِلَّا أَنْ يَأْتِينَ بِفَاحِشَةٍ مُبَيِّنَةٍ} [النساء: ١٩] هُوَ الْبَذَاءُ عَلَى أَهْلِ زَوْجِهَا كَمَا تَأَوَّلَ إِنْ شَاءَ اللهُ تَعَالَى.
Abdullah bin Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) was asked about this verse: 'nor should they leave, unless they commit a clear immorality' [Surah al-Talaq: 1], and he said: 'A clear immorality' means that the woman uses foul language against the man's family and harms them.
Imam al-Shafi'i (may Allah have mercy on him) said: The Sunnah of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) in the hadith of Fatimah bint Qays (may Allah be pleased with her) indicates that what Abdullah bin Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) interpreted regarding the saying of Allah Almighty, 'unless they commit a clear immorality' [Surah al-Nisa: 19], is foul language against her husband's family, as he interpreted it, if Allah Almighty wills.
Imam al-Shafi'i (may Allah have mercy on him) said: The Sunnah of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) in the hadith of Fatimah bint Qays (may Allah be pleased with her) indicates that what Abdullah bin Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) interpreted regarding the saying of Allah Almighty, 'unless they commit a clear immorality' [Surah al-Nisa: 19], is foul language against her husband's family, as he interpreted it, if Allah Almighty wills.
أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو بَكْرٍ أَحْمَدُ بْنُ الْحَسَنِ الْقَاضِي ثنا أَبُو الْعَبَّاسِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ، أنبأ الرَّبِيعُ بْنُ سُلَيْمَانَ، أنبأ الشَّافِعِيُّ، أنبأ مَالِكٌ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ يَزِيدَ مَوْلَى الْأَسْوَدِ بْنِ سُفْيَانَ، عَنْ أَبِي سَلَمَةَ بْنِ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ، عَنْ فَاطِمَةَ بِنْتِ قَيْسٍ، أَنَّ أَبَا عَمْرِو بْنَ حَفْصٍ، طَلَّقَهَا الْبَتَّةَ وَهُوَ غَائِبٌ بِالشَّامِ فَأَرْسَلَ إِلَيْهَا وَكِيلَهُ بِشَعِيرٍ فَسَخِطَتْهُ فَقَالَ: وَاللهِ مَا لَكِ عَلَيْنَا مِنْ شَيْءٍ، فَجَاءَتْ رَسُولَ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَذَكَرَتْ ذَلِكَ لَهُ فَقَالَ: " لَيْسَ لَكِ عَلَيْهِ نَفَقَةٌ "، وَأَمَرَهَا أَنْ تَعْتَدَّ فِي بَيْتِ أُمِّ شَرِيكٍ ثُمَّ قَالَ: " تِلْكَ امْرَأَةٌ يَغْشَاهَا أَصْحَابِي، فَاعْتَدِّي عِنْدَ ابْنِ أُمِّ مَكْتُومٍ فَإِنَّهُ رَجُلٌ أَعْمَى تَضَعِينَ ثِيَابَكِ " ⦗٧١٠⦘ رَوَاهُ مُسْلِمٌ فِي الصَّحِيحِ، عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ يَحْيَى عَنْ مَالِكٍ.
It is narrated from Sayyidah Fatimah bint Qays (may Allah be pleased with her) that Abu Amr bin Hafs (may Allah be pleased with him) gave her an irrevocable divorce while he was away in Sham. His agent sent her barley, and she was very displeased with it. The agent said: "By Allah, you have no claim on us at all." She came to the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) and mentioned the whole matter to the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him). He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "You have no maintenance due from him." And he ordered her to observe her waiting period in the house of Umm Sharik (may Allah be pleased with her). Then he said: "She is a woman whom my Companions visit often; so observe your waiting period with Ibn Umm Maktum (may Allah be pleased with him), for he is a blind man, and you can put off your (outer) garments."
Imam Muslim (may Allah have mercy on him) narrated this hadith.
Imam Muslim (may Allah have mercy on him) narrated this hadith.
أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ، ثنا أَبُو الْعَبَّاسِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ ثنا الْعَبَّاسُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ الدُّورِيُّ، ثنا يَعْقُوبُ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ سَعْدٍ، حَدَّثَنِي أَبِي، عَنْ صَالِحٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ شِهَابٍ، أَنَّ أَبَا سَلَمَةَ بْنَ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ أَخْبَرَهُ، أَنَّ فَاطِمَةَ بِنْتَ قَيْسٍ أَخْبَرَتْهُ أَنَّهَا كَانَتْ عِنْدَ أَبِي عَمْرِو بْنِ حَفْصِ بْنِ الْمُغِيرَةِ فَطَلَّقَهَا آخِرَ ثَلَاثَ تَطْلِيقَاتٍ فَزَعَمَتْ أَنَّهَا جَاءَتْ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فِي خُرُوجِهَا مِنْ بَيْتِهَا " فَأَمَرَهَا أَنْ تَنْتَقِلَ إِلَى ابْنِ أُمِّ مَكْتُومٍ الْأَعْمَى " فَأَبَى مَرْوَانُ أَنْ يُصْدِقَ فَاطِمَةَ فِي خُرُوجِ الْمُطَلَّقَةِ مِنْ بَيْتِهَا، وَقَالَ عُرْوَةُ: إِنَّ عَائِشَةَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهَا أَنْكَرَتْ ذَلِكَ عَلَى فَاطِمَةَ بِنْتِ قَيْسٍ، رَوَاهُ مُسْلِمٌ فِي الصَّحِيحِ، عَنِ الْحُلْوَانِيِّ وَعَبْدُ بْنُ حُمَيْدٍ عَنْ يَعْقُوبَ.
It is narrated from Ibn Shihab (may Allah have mercy on him) that Abu Salamah bin Abd al-Rahman (may Allah have mercy on him) informed him that Fatimah bint Qays (may Allah be pleased with her) informed him that she was married to Abu Amr bin Hafs bin al-Mughirah, and he gave her the last of three divorces. She stated that she came to the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) and asked about leaving her house, and he (peace and blessings be upon him) ordered her: "Move to Ibn Umm Maktum, the blind man." Marwan refused to believe Fatimah (may Allah be pleased with her) concerning the divorced woman leaving her house. And Urwah said: Aishah (may Allah be pleased with her) objected to this from Fatimah bint Qays (may Allah be pleased with her).
Muslim narrated it.
Muslim narrated it.
أَخْبَرَنَا عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ عَبْدَانَ، أنا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ عُبَيْدٍ الصَّفَّارُ، نا عُبَيْدُ بْنُ شَرِيكٍ، نا يَحْيَى هُوَ ابْنُ بُكَيْرٍ نا اللَّيْثُ، عَنْ عُقَيْلِ بْنِ خَالِدٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ شِهَابٍ، عَنْ أَبِي سَلَمَةَ بْنِ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ، عَنْ فَاطِمَةَ بِنْتِ قَيْسٍ أَنَّهَا أَخْبَرَتْهُ أَنَّهَا كَانَتْ تَحْتَ أَبِي عَمْرِو بْنِ حَفْصِ بْنِ الْمُغِيرَةِ فَطَلَّقَهَا آخِرَ ثَلَاثِ تَطْلِيقَاتٍ فَزَعَمَتْ أَنَّهَا جَاءَتْ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَاسْتَفْتَتْهُ فِي خُرُوجِهَا مِنْ بَيْتِهَا " فَأَمَرَهَا أَنْ تَنْتَقِلَ إِلَى ابْنِ أُمِّ مَكْتُومٍ الْأَعْمَى " وَأَبَى مَرْوَانُ أَنْ يُصَدِّقَ حَدِيثَ فَاطِمَةَ فِي خُرُوجِ الْمُطَلَّقَةِ وَقَالَ عُرْوَةُ: وَأَنْكَرَتْ عَائِشَةُ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهَا عَلَى فَاطِمَةَ بِنْتِ قَيْسٍ، أَخْرَجَهُ مُسْلِمٌ فِي الصَّحِيحِ، مِنْ حَدِيثِ اللَّيْثِ.
It is narrated from Abu Salamah bin Abd al-Rahman that Fatimah bint Qays (may Allah be pleased with her) informed him that she was married to Abu Amr bin Hafs bin al-Mughirah, and he gave her the last of three divorces. She stated that she came to the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) and asked him for a ruling about leaving her house, and he (peace and blessings be upon him) ordered her: "Move to Ibn Umm Maktum (may Allah be pleased with him)." And Marwan refused to believe the hadith of Fatimah (may Allah be pleased with her) concerning the divorced woman leaving (her house). And Urwah said: Aishah (may Allah be pleased with her) objected to the hadith of Fatimah bint Qays (may Allah be pleased with her).
وَأَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو الْحَسَنِ عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ عَبْدَانَ أنا أَبُو الْقَاسِمِ سُلَيْمَانُ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ ثنا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ كَيْسَانَ، ثنا أَبُو حُذَيْفَةَ، ح قَالَ: وَأنبأ سُلَيْمَانُ، نا مُعَاذُ بْنُ الْمُثَنَّى، وَيُوسُفُ الْقَاضِي قَالَا: نا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ كَثِيرٍ قَالَا: نا سُفْيَانُ، عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ الْقَاسِمِ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنْ عُرْوَةَ بْنِ الزُّبَيْرِ أَنَّهُ قَالَ لِعَائِشَةَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهَا: أَلَا تَرَيْنَ إِلَّا فُلَانَةَ بِنْتَ الْحَكَمِ طُلِّقَتِ الْبَتَّةَ ثُمَّ خَرَجَتْ قَالَتْ: " بِئْسَ مَا صَنَعَتْ قُلْتُ ": أَلَا تَرَيْنَ إِلَى قَوْلِ فَاطِمَةَ بِنْتِ قَيْسٍ؟ قَالَتْ: " أَمَا إِنَّهُ لَا خَيْرَ لَهَا فِي ذِكْرِ ذَلِكَ " أَخْرَجَهُ الْبُخَارِيُّ، وَمُسْلِمٌ فِي الصَّحِيحِ مِنْ حَدِيثِ الثَّوْرِيِّ.
It is narrated from Urwah bin al-Zubayr (may Allah have mercy on him) that he said to Sayyidah Aishah (may Allah be pleased with her): What is your view about so-and-so, the daughter of al-Hakam? She was given an irrevocable divorce and then she left (her house). Sayyidah Aishah (may Allah be pleased with her) said: What she did was evil. I said: Do you not consider the statement of Fatimah bint Qays (may Allah be pleased with her)? She said: There is no good for her in mentioning that.
أنبأ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ، أنا عَلِيُّ بْنُ عِيسَى بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، نا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِسْحَاقَ بْنِ خُزَيْمَةَ، وَعَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ شِيرَوَيْهِ قَالَا: نا أَبُو كُرَيْبٍ، نا أَبُو أُسَامَةَ، عَنْ هِشَامٍ، حَدَّثَنِي أَبِي قَالَ: تَزَوَّجَ يَحْيَى بْنُ سَعِيدِ بْنِ الْعَاصِ ابْنَةَ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ الْحَكَمِ وَطَلَّقَهَا فَأَخْرَجَهَا مِنْ عِنْدِهِ فَعَابَ ذَلِكَ عَلَيْهِمْ عُرْوَةُ فَقَالُوا: إِنَّ فَاطِمَةَ قَدْ خَرَجَتْ قَالَ عُرْوَةُ: فَأَتَيْتُ عَائِشَةَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهَا فَأَخْبَرْتُهَا بِذَلِكَ فَقَالَتْ: " مَا لِفَاطِمَةَ بِنْتِ قَيْسٍ خَيْرٌ فِي أَنْ تَذْكُرَ هَذَا الْحَدِيثَ " رَوَاهُ مُسْلِمٌ فِي الصَّحِيحِ، عَنْ أَبِي كُرَيْبٍ.
It is narrated from Hisham (may Allah have mercy on him) that he said: My father narrated to me that Yahya bin Sa'id bin al-As married the daughter of Abd al-Rahman bin al-Hakam, then divorced her and sent her out of his house. Urwah (may Allah have mercy on him) criticised them over this matter. They said: Fatimah did indeed leave (her house). Urwah (may Allah have mercy on him) said: I came to Sayyidah Aishah (may Allah be pleased with her) and informed her of that, and she said: There is no good for Fatimah bint Qays in mentioning this hadith.
Muslim narrated it.
Muslim narrated it.
أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ الْحَسَنِ الْقَاضِي، أنا أَبُو الْعَبَّاسِ، أنا الرَّبِيعُ، أنا الشَّافِعِيُّ أنا مَالِكٌ، عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ سَعِيدٍ، عَنِ الْقَاسِمِ، وَسُلَيْمَانَ بْنِ يَسَارٍ، أَنَّهُ سَمِعَهُمَا يَذْكُرَانِ أَنَّ يَحْيَى بْنَ سَعِيدِ بْنِ الْعَاصِ طَلَّقَ ابْنَةَ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ الْحَكَمِ الْبَتَّةَ فَانْتَقَلَهَا عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ الْحَكَمِ فَأَرْسَلَتْ عَائِشَةُ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهَا إِلَى مَرْوَانَ بْنِ الْحَكَمِ وَهُوَ أَمِيرُ الْمَدِينَةِ فَقَالَتْ: " اتَّقِ اللهَ يَا مَرْوَانُ فَارْدُدِ الْمَرْأَةَ إِلَى بَيْتِهَا " فَقَالَ مَرْوَانُ فِي حَدِيثِ سُلَيْمَانَ: إِنَّ عَبْدَ الرَّحْمَنِ غَلَبَنِي وَقَالَ مَرْوَانُ فِي حَدِيثِ الْقَاسِمِ: أَوْ مَا بَلَغَكِ شَأْنُ فَاطِمَةَ بِنْتِ قَيْسٍ؟ فَقَالَتْ عَائِشَةُ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهَا: " لَا عَلَيْكَ أَنْ لَا تَذْكُرَ فِي شَأْنِ فَاطِمَةَ "، فَقَالَ: إِنْ كَانَ إِنَّمَا بِكِ الشَّرُّ فَحَسْبُكِ مَا بَيْنَ هَذَيْنِ مِنَ الشَّرِّ رَوَاهُ الْبُخَارِيُّ فِي الصَّحِيحِ، عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي أُوَيْسٍ عَنْ مَالِكٍ.
It is narrated from Yahya bin Sa'id, from al-Qasim and Sulayman bin Yasar, that he heard them both mentioning that Yahya bin Sa'id bin al-As gave the daughter of Abd al-Rahman bin al-Hakam an irrevocable divorce (al-talaq al-battah), and Abd al-Rahman bin al-Hakam moved her (to his own house). Sayyidah Aishah (may Allah be pleased with her) went to Marwan bin al-Hakam, who was the governor of Madinah. Sayyidah Aishah (may Allah be pleased with her) said: O Marwan, fear Allah and return this woman. Marwan said, according to the hadith of Sulayman: Abd al-Rahman overpowered me; and according to the hadith of al-Qasim he said: Has the case of Fatimah bint Qays (may Allah be pleased with her) not reached you? Aishah (may Allah be pleased with her) said: There is no harm to you if you do not mention the case of Fatimah bint Qays. Marwan said: If there is any harm in it for you, then the harm between these two suffices you.
Al-Bukhari narrated it.
Al-Bukhari narrated it.
وَأَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو زَكَرِيَّا بْنُ أَبِي إِسْحَاقَ، وَأَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ الْحَسَنِ قَالَا: ثنا أَبُو الْعَبَّاسِ الْأَصَمُّ، أنا الرَّبِيعُ بْنُ سُلَيْمَانَ، أَخْبَرَنَا الشَّافِعِيُّ، أَخْبَرَنِي عَبْدُ الْعَزِيزِ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَمْرٍو، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، أَنَّ عَائِشَةَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهَا كَانَتْ تَقُولُ: " اتَّقِي اللهَ يَا فَاطِمَةُ فَقَدْ عَلِمْتِ فِي أِيِّ شَيْءٍ كَانَ ذَلِكَ ".
It is narrated from Muhammad bin Ibrahim that Aishah (may Allah be pleased with her) used to say: "O Fatimah, fear Allah! You know what that was about."
أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو الْحُسَيْنِ بْنُ بِشْرَانَ الْعَدْلُ، بِبَغْدَادَ أنا إِسْمَاعِيلُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ الصَّفَّارُ، نا سَعْدَانُ بْنُ نَصْرٍ، نا أَبُو مُعَاوِيَةَ، عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ مَيْمُونٍ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ قَالَ: قُلْتُ لِسَعِيدِ بْنِ الْمُسَيِّبِ أَيْنَ تَعْتَدُّ الْمُطَلَّقَةُ ثَلَاثًا؟ قَالَ: " تَعْتَدُّ فِي بَيْتِهَا "، قَالَ: قُلْتُ: أَلَيْسَ قَدْ أَمَرَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَاطِمَةَ بِنْتَ قَيْسٍ أَنْ تَعْتَدَّ فِي بَيْتِ ابْنِ أُمِّ مَكْتُومٍ؟ قَالَ: " تِلْكَ الْمَرْأَةُ الَّتِي فَتَنَتِ النَّاسَ إِنَّهَا اسْتَطَالَتْ عَلَى أَحْمَائِهَا بِلِسَانِهَا فَأَمَرَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَنْ تَعْتَدَّ فِي بَيْتِ ابْنِ أُمِّ مَكْتُومٍ، وَكَانَ رَجُلًا مَكْفُوفَ الْبَصَرِ " ⦗٧١٢⦘ قَالَ الشَّافِعِيُّ رَحِمَهُ اللهُ: فَعَائِشَةُ وَمَرْوَانُ وَابْنُ الْمُسَيِّبِ يَعْرِفُونَ أَنَّ حَدِيثَ فَاطِمَةَ فِي أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَمَرَهَا أَنْ تَعْتَدَّ فِي بَيْتِ ابْنِ أُمِّ مَكْتُومٍ كَمَا حَدَّثْتُ، وَيَذْهَبُونَ إِلَى أَنَّ ذَلِكَ إِنَّمَا كَانَ لِلشَّرِّ وَيَزِيدُ ابْنُ الْمُسَيِّبِ تَبْيِينَ اسْتِطَالَتِهَا عَلَى أَحْمَائِهَا وَيَكْرَهُ لَهَا ابْنُ الْمُسَيِّبِ وَغَيْرُهُ أَنَّهَا كَتَمَتْ فِي حَدِيثِهَا السَّبَبَ الَّذِي بِهِ أَمَرَهَا رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَنْ تَعْتَدَّ فِي غَيْرِ بَيْتِ زَوْجِهَا خَوْفًا أَنْ يَسْمَعَ ذَلِكَ سَامِعٌ فَيَرَى أَنَّ لِلْمَبْتُوتَةِ أَنْ تَعْتَدَّ حَيْثُ شَاءَتْ.
Amr bin Maymun (may Allah have mercy on him) narrates from his father that he said: I said to Sa'id bin al-Musayyib (may Allah have mercy on him): Where should a woman divorced three times observe her waiting period? He said: She should observe her waiting period in her house. I said: Did the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) not order Fatimah bint Qays (may Allah be pleased with her) to observe her waiting period in the house of Ibn Umm Maktum (may Allah be pleased with him)? He said: That is the woman who put people to trial; she used to be abusive with her tongue towards her in-laws. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) ordered: "Observe your waiting period in the house of Ibn Umm Maktum; he is a blind man."
Imam al-Shafi'i (may Allah have mercy on him) said: Sayyidah Aishah (may Allah be pleased with her), Marwan (may Allah have mercy on him) and Ibn al-Musayyib (may Allah have mercy on him) knew that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) had ordered Fatimah (may Allah be pleased with her) to observe her waiting period in the house of Ibn Umm Maktum (may Allah be pleased with him), but their view is that this was done only because of the harm (she caused). Ibn al-Musayyib (may Allah have mercy on him) adds the explanation that she was abusive towards her in-laws, and Ibn al-Musayyib (may Allah have mercy on him) and others disliked that she concealed in her hadith the reason for which the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) ordered her to observe her waiting period outside her husband's house, fearing that someone hearing it might think that an irrevocably divorced woman may observe her waiting period wherever she wishes.
Imam al-Shafi'i (may Allah have mercy on him) said: Sayyidah Aishah (may Allah be pleased with her), Marwan (may Allah have mercy on him) and Ibn al-Musayyib (may Allah have mercy on him) knew that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) had ordered Fatimah (may Allah be pleased with her) to observe her waiting period in the house of Ibn Umm Maktum (may Allah be pleased with him), but their view is that this was done only because of the harm (she caused). Ibn al-Musayyib (may Allah have mercy on him) adds the explanation that she was abusive towards her in-laws, and Ibn al-Musayyib (may Allah have mercy on him) and others disliked that she concealed in her hadith the reason for which the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) ordered her to observe her waiting period outside her husband's house, fearing that someone hearing it might think that an irrevocably divorced woman may observe her waiting period wherever she wishes.
أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَلِيٍّ الرُّوذْبَارِيُّ، أنا أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ دَاسَةَ، نا أَبُو دَاوُدَ، نا هَارُونُ بْنُ زَيْدٍ، نا أَبِي، عَنْ سُفْيَانَ، عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ سَعِيدٍ، عَنْ سُلَيْمَانَ بْنِ يَسَارٍ فِي خُرُوجِ فَاطِمَةَ قَالَ: " إِنَّمَا كَانَ ذَلِكَ مِنْ سُوءِ الْخُلُقِ ".
Sulayman bin Yasar (may Allah have mercy on him) said concerning the leaving of Fatimah (may Allah be pleased with her): That was out of bad character.
وَأَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَلِيٍّ الرُّوذْبَارِيُّ، أنا أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ دَاسَةَ، نا أَبُو دَاوُدَ، نا ابْنُ وَهْبٍ، أَخْبَرَنِي عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ أَبِي الزِّنَادِ، عَنْ هِشَامِ بْنِ عُرْوَةَ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ قَالَ: لَقَدْ عَابَتْ ذَلِكَ عَائِشَةُ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهَا أَشَدَّ الْعَيْبِ يَعْنِي حَدِيثَ فَاطِمَةَ بِنْتِ قَيْسٍ وَقَالَتْ: " إِنَّ فَاطِمَةَ كَانَتْ فِي مَكَانٍ وَحْشٍ فَخِيفَ عَلَى نَاحِيَتِهَا فَلِذَلِكَ أَرْخَصَ لَهَا رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ " أَخْرَجَهُ الْبُخَارِيُّ فِي الصَّحِيحِ، فَقَالَ: وَقَالَ ابْنُ أَبِي الزِّنَادِ عَنْ هِشَامٍ.
Hisham bin Urwah narrates from his father: Aishah (may Allah be pleased with her) severely criticised the hadith of Fatimah bint Qays (may Allah be pleased with her) and said: Fatimah was in a desolate place, and there was fear for her surroundings; that is why the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) granted her a concession.
Al-Bukhari narrated it in his Sahih.
Al-Bukhari narrated it in his Sahih.
أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ، أنا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ نا أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ إِسْحَاقَ، وَعَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ قَالَا: نا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْمُثَنَّى، نا حَفْصُ بْنُ غِيَاثٍ، نا هِشَامُ بْنُ عُرْوَةَ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنْ فَاطِمَةَ بِنْتِ قَيْسٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهَا قَالَتْ: لَقَدْ قُلْتُ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ زَوْجِي طَلَّقَنِي ثَلَاثًا فَأَخَافُ أَنْ يَقْتَحِمَ عَلَيَّ قَالَ: " فَأَمَرَهَا فَتَحَوَّلَتْ " رَوَاهُ مُسْلِمٌ فِي الصَّحِيحِ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْمُثَنَّى قَالَ الشَّيْخُ: قَدْ يَكُونُ الْعُذْرُ فِي نَقْلِهَا كِلَاهُمَا، هَذَا وَاسْتِطَالَتُهَا عَلَى أَحْمَائِهَا جَمِيعًا فَاقْتَصَرَ كُلُّ وَاحِدٍ مِنْ نَاقِلِيهِمَا عَلَى نَقْلِ أَحَدِهِمَا دُونَ الْآخَرِ لِتَعَلُّقِ الْحُكْمِ بِكُلِّ وَاحِدٍ مِنْهُمَا عَلَى الِانْفِرَادِ، قَالَ الشَّافِعِيُّ رَحِمَهُ اللهُ: وَلَمْ يَقُلْ لَهَا النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ اعْتَدِّي حَيْثُ شِئْتِ لَكِنَّهُ حَصَنَهَا حَيْثُ رَضِيَ إِذَا كَانَ زَوْجُهَا غَائِبًا وَلَمْ يَكُنْ لَهُ وَكِيلٌ بِتَحْصِينِهَا وَاللهُ أَعْلَمُ.
Sayyidah Fatimah bint Qays (may Allah be pleased with her) said: I said: O Messenger of Allah, my husband has divorced me three times, and I fear that someone may break in on me. He (peace and blessings be upon him) gave her the order, and she moved.
