السنن الكبرى للبيهقي
Sunan al-Kubra al-Bayhaqi
كتاب العدد
Book of Waiting Periods
باب: عدة الحامل من الوفاة
The waiting period of a pregnant widow
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أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو زَكَرِيَّا يَحْيَى بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ يَحْيَى الْمُزَكِّي أنا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ نا أَبُو أَحْمَدَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْوَهَّابِ أنا جَعْفَرُ بْنُ عَوْنٍ، أنا هِشَامٌ ح وَأنا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ، نا أَبُو الْعَبَّاسِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ، أنبأ الرَّبِيعُ بْنُ سُلَيْمَانَ، أنبأ الشَّافِعِيُّ، أنبأ مَالِكٌ، عَنْ هِشَامِ بْنِ عُرْوَةَ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنِ الْمِسْوَرِ بْنِ مَخْرَمَةَ، أَنَّ سُبَيْعَةَ الْأَسْلَمِيَّةَ نُفِسَتْ بَعْدَ وَفَاةِ زَوْجِهَا بِلَيَالٍ فَجَاءَتْ رَسُولَ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَاسْتَأْذَنَتْهُ فِي أَنْ تُنْكَحَ فَأَذِنَ لَهَا " وَفِي رِوَايَةِ جَعْفَرٍ قَالَ: " تُوُفِّيَ زَوْجُ سُبَيْعَةَ الْأَسْلَمِيَّةِ فَلَمْ تَمْكُثْ إِلَّا لَيَالِيَ يَسِيرَةً حَتَّى نُفِسَتْ، فَلَمَّا تَعَلَّتْ مِنْ نِفَاسِهَا فَذَكَرَتْ ذَلِكَ لِرَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَأَذِنَ لَهَا فِيهِ فَنَكَحَتْ "، رَوَاهُ الْبُخَارِيُّ فِي الصَّحِيحِ، عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ قَزَعَةَ عَنْ مَالِكٍ.
It is narrated from Sayyiduna al-Miswar bin Makhramah (may Allah be pleased with him) that Subay'ah al-Aslamiyyah (may Allah be pleased with her) gave birth a few nights after the death of her husband. She came to the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) and asked the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) for permission to marry, and he (peace and blessings be upon him) gave her permission. And in the narration of Ja'far: The husband of Subay'ah al-Aslamiyyah (may Allah be pleased with her) died; she stayed only a few nights and then gave birth. When she was free of her postnatal bleeding, she mentioned the matter to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), and he (peace and blessings be upon him) permitted her to marry, and she married.
Imam al-Bukhari (may Allah have mercy on him) narrated it.
Imam al-Bukhari (may Allah have mercy on him) narrated it.
أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَمْرٍو مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللهِ الْأَدِيبُ أنا أَبُو بَكْرٍ الْإِسْمَاعِيلِيُّ، أنا الْحَسَنُ هُوَ ابْنُ سُفْيَانَ نا حَرْمَلَةُ بْنُ يَحْيَى، أنا عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ وَهْبٍ، ح وَأَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ، نا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ نا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ سَهْلٍ، وَمُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِسْمَاعِيلَ قَالَا: نا أَبُو الطَّاهِرِ، نا عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ وَهْبٍ، أَخْبَرَنِي يُونُسُ، عَنِ ابْنِ شِهَابٍ، حَدَّثَنِي عُبَيْدُ اللهِ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللهِ، أَنَّ أَبَاهُ عَبْدَ اللهِ بْنَ عُتْبَةَ، كَتَبَ إِلَى عُمَرَ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ الْأَرْقَمِ الزُّهْرِيِّ يَأْمُرُهُ أَنْ يَدْخُلَ عَلَى سُبَيْعَةَ بِنْتِ الْحَارِثِ الْأَسْلَمِيَّةِ فَيَسْأَلَهَا عَنْ حَدِيثِهَا وَعَمَّا قَالَ لَهَا رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ حِينَ اسْتَفْتَتْهُ فَكَتَبَ عُمَرُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللهِ إِلَى عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ عُتْبَةَ يُخْبِرُهُ أَنَّ سُبَيْعَةَ أَخْبَرَتْهُ أَنَّهَا كَانَتْ تَحْتَ سَعْدِ بْنِ خَوْلَةَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ، وَهُوَ مِنْ بَنِي عَامِرِ بْنِ لُؤَيٍّ وَكَانَ مِمَّنْ شَهِدَ بَدْرًا وَتُوُفِّيَ عَنْهَا فِي حَجَّةِ الْوَدَاعِ وَهِيَ حَامِلٌ فَلَمْ تَنْشَبْ أَنْ وَضَعَتْ حَمْلَهَا بَعْدَ وَفَاتِهِ، فَلَمَّا تَعَلَّتْ مِنْ نِفَاسِهَا تَجَمَّلَتْ لِلْخُطَّابِ فَدَخَلَ عَلَيْهَا أَبُو السَّنَابِلِ بْنُ بَعْكَكٍ رَجُلٌ مِنْ بَنِي عَبْدِ الدَّارِ فَقَالَ لَهَا: مَالِي أَرَاكِ مُتَجَمِّلَةً لَعَلَّكِ تُرِيدِينَ النِّكَاحَ إِنَّكِ وَاللهِ مَا أَنْتِ بِنَاكِحٍ حَتَّى يَمُرَّ عَلَيْكِ أَرْبَعَةُ أَشْهُرٍ وَعَشْرٌ قَالَتْ سُبَيْعَةُ: فَلَمَّا قَالَ لِي ذَلِكَ جَمَعْتُ ثِيَابِي حِينَ أَمْسَيْتُ فَأَتَيْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَسَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ ⦗٧٠٤⦘ ذَلِكَ فَأَفْتَانِي " بِأَنِّي قَدْ حَلَلْتُ حِينَ وَضَعْتُ حَمْلِي فَأَمَرَنِي بِالتَّزْوِيجِ إِنْ بَدَا لِي " زَادَ أَبُو عَمْرٍو فِي رِوَايَتِهِ قَالَ ابْنُ شِهَابٍ: فَلَا أَرَى بَأْسًا أَنْ تَتَزَوَّجَ حِينَ وَضَعَتْ وَإِنْ كَانَتْ فِي دَمِهَا غَيْرَ أَنَّهُ لَا يَقْرَبُهَا زَوْجُهَا حَتَّى تَطْهُرَ، لَفْظُ حَدِيثِ حَرْمَلَةَ رَوَاهُ مُسْلِمٌ فِي الصَّحِيحِ، عَنْ أَبِي الطَّاهِرِ وَحَرْمَلَةَ، وَأَخْرَجَهُ الْبُخَارِيُّ، مِنْ حَدِيثِ اللَّيْثِ بْنِ سَعْدٍ عَنْ يُونُسَ، ثُمَّ قَالَ: وَتَابَعَهُ ابْنُ وَهْبٍ عَنْ يُونُسَ.
It is narrated from Ibn Shihab (may Allah have mercy on him) that Ubaydullah (may Allah have mercy on him) narrated to him that his father, Abdullah bin Utbah (may Allah be pleased with him), wrote to Umar bin Abdullah bin al-Arqam al-Zuhri (may Allah have mercy on him), instructing him to go to Subay'ah al-Aslamiyyah (may Allah be pleased with her) and ask her about her account and about what the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said to her when she asked him (peace and blessings be upon him) for a ruling. Umar bin Abdullah (may Allah have mercy on him) wrote to Abdullah bin Utbah (may Allah be pleased with him), informing him that Subay'ah al-Aslamiyyah (may Allah be pleased with her) had told him that she had been married to Sa'd bin Khawlah (may Allah be pleased with him), who was of the tribe of Banu Amir bin Lu'ayy and was among those who were present at Badr. He died during the Farewell Hajj while she was pregnant. Not long after his death she delivered her child. When she was free of her postnatal bleeding, she adorned herself for those seeking marriage. Abu al-Sanabil bin Ba'kak (may Allah be pleased with him), a man of Banu Abd al-Dar, came in to her and said to her: "What is the matter with you? I see that you have adorned yourself; perhaps you intend to marry. By Allah, you cannot marry until four months and ten days have passed over you." Subay'ah (may Allah be pleased with her) said: When he said that to me, I gathered my clothes, and when evening came I went to the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) and asked him (peace and blessings be upon him), and he (peace and blessings be upon him) gave me the ruling "that I had become lawful (for marriage) when I delivered my child," and he (peace and blessings be upon him) instructed me to marry if I saw fit.
Ibn Shihab (may Allah have mercy on him) said: I see no harm in her marrying once she has given birth, even if she is still bleeding, except that her husband should not approach her until she becomes pure.
Ibn Shihab (may Allah have mercy on him) said: I see no harm in her marrying once she has given birth, even if she is still bleeding, except that her husband should not approach her until she becomes pure.
وَأَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو الْحَسَنِ عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ عَبْدَانَ أنا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ عُبَيْدٍ الصَّفَّارُ، أنا عُبَيْدُ بْنُ شَرِيكٍ، نا يَحْيَى بْنُ بُكَيْرٍ، نا اللَّيْثُ، عَنْ يَزِيدَ بْنِ أَبِي حَبِيبٍ، أَنَّ ابْنَ شِهَابٍ كَتَبَ إِلَيْهِ يَذْكُرُ أَنَّ عُبَيْدَ اللهِ بْنَ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ عُتْبَةَ أَخْبَرَهُ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ أَنَّهُ كَتَبَ إِلَى ابْنِ الْأَرْقَمِ: سَلْ سُبَيْعَةَ الْأَسْلَمِيَّةَ كَيْفَ كَانَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَفْتَاهَا حِينَ تُوُفِّيَ زَوْجُهَا؟ قَالَتْ: " أَفْتَانِي إِذَا وَضَعْتُ أَنْ أَنْكِحَ "، رَوَاهُ الْبُخَارِيُّ فِي الصَّحِيحِ، عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ بُكَيْرٍ.
It is narrated from Yazid bin Abi Habib (may Allah have mercy on him) that Ibn Shihab (may Allah have mercy on him) wrote to him that Ubaydullah bin Abdullah bin Utbah (may Allah have mercy on him) informed him from his father that he wrote to Ibn al-Arqam (may Allah be pleased with him): Ask Subay'ah al-Aslamiyyah (may Allah be pleased with her) how the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) gave her a ruling when her husband died. She said: "He gave me the ruling that when I had delivered my child, I could marry."
Imam al-Bukhari (may Allah have mercy on him) narrated it in his Sahih from Yahya bin Bukayr.
Imam al-Bukhari (may Allah have mercy on him) narrated it in his Sahih from Yahya bin Bukayr.
وَأَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو مُحَمَّدٍ عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ يُوسُفَ، أنا أَبُو سَعِيدِ بْنُ الْأَعْرَابِيِّ، ح وَأنا أَبُو الْحُسَيْنِ بْنُ بِشْرَانَ، أنا أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَمْرٍو الرَّزَّازُ قَالَا: نا سَعْدَانُ بْنُ نَصْرٍ، نا سُفْيَانُ بْنُ عُيَيْنَةَ، عَنِ الزُّهْرِيِّ، ح وَأنا أَبُو بَكْرٍ أَحْمَدُ بْنُ الْحَسَنِ الْقَاضِي نا أَبُو الْعَبَّاسِ هُوَ الْأَصَمُّ أنا الرَّبِيعُ، أنا الشَّافِعِيُّ، أنا سُفْيَانُ بْنُ عُيَيْنَةَ، عَنِ ابْنِ شِهَابٍ، عَنْ عُبَيْدِ اللهِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ عُتْبَةَ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، أَنَّ سُبَيْعَةَ بِنْتَ الْحَارِثِ الْأَسْلَمِيَّةَ، وَضَعَتْ بَعْدَ وَفَاةِ زَوْجِهَا بِلَيَالٍ فَمَرَّ بِهَا أَبُو السَّنَابِلِ بْنُ بَعْكَكٍ فَقَالَ: قَدْ تَصَنَّعْتِ لِلْأَزْوَاجِ إِنَّهَا أَرْبَعَةُ أَشْهُرٍ وَعَشْرٌ، فَذَكَرَتْ ذَلِكَ سُبَيْعَةُ لِرَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صلَّى الله عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: " كَذَبَ أَبُو السَّنَابِلِ أَوْ لَيْسَ كَمَا قَالَ أَبُو السَّنَابِلِ قَدْ حَلَلْتِ فَتَزَوَّجِي " هَذَا لَفْظُ حَدِيثِ الشَّافِعِيِّ وَحَدِيثُ سَعْدَانَ مُخْتَصَرٌ أَنَّ سُبَيْعَةَ بِنْتَ الْحَارِثِ وَضَعَتْ بَعْدَ وَفَاةِ زَوْجِهَا بِشَهْرٍ أَوْ أَقَلَّ فَأَمَرَهَا رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَنْ تَنْكِحَ، وَهَذِهِ الرِّوَايَةُ مُرْسَلَةٌ وَفِيمَا قَبْلَهَا مِنَ الْمَوْصُولَةِ كِفَايَةٌ.
Ubaydullah bin Abdullah bin Utbah (may Allah have mercy on him) narrates from his father that Subay'ah bint al-Harith al-Aslamiyyah (may Allah be pleased with her) gave birth a few nights after the death of her husband. Abu al-Sanabil bin Ba'kak (may Allah be pleased with him) passed by her and said: You have adorned yourself for those who would propose marriage; the waiting period is four months and ten days. Subay'ah (may Allah be pleased with her) mentioned this to the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), and the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Abu al-Sanabil has spoken falsely," or he said: "It is not as Abu al-Sanabil says; you have become lawful, so you may marry." These are the words of the hadith of Imam al-Shafi'i (may Allah have mercy on him).
The hadith of Sa'dan is abridged: Subay'ah bint al-Harith (may Allah be pleased with her) gave birth a month or less after the death of her husband, and the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) ordered her: "Marry." [Sahih]
This narration is mursal, and the connected (mawsul) narrations before it suffice.
The hadith of Sa'dan is abridged: Subay'ah bint al-Harith (may Allah be pleased with her) gave birth a month or less after the death of her husband, and the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) ordered her: "Marry." [Sahih]
This narration is mursal, and the connected (mawsul) narrations before it suffice.
أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ، أنا أَبُو بَكْرٍ أَحْمَدُ بْنُ سُلَيْمَانَ بْنِ الْحَسَنِ الْفَقِيهُ بِبَغْدَادَ نا الْحَسَنُ بْنُ مُكْرَمٍ، نا يَزِيدُ بْنُ هَارُونَ، ح قَالَ: وَأَخْبَرَنِي أَبُو عَمْرِو بْنُ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ، نا الْحَسَنُ بْنُ سُفْيَانَ، ثنا أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ أَبِي شَيْبَةَ، نا يَزِيدُ بْنُ هَارُونَ، أنا يَحْيَى بْنُ سَعِيدٍ، عَنْ سُلَيْمَانَ بْنِ يَسَارٍ، عَنْ أَبِي سَلَمَةَ قَالَ: كُنْتُ أَنَا وَابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ وَأَبُو هُرَيْرَةَ فَتَذَاكَرْنَا الرَّجُلَ يَمُوتُ عَنِ الْمَرْأَةِ فَتَضَعُ بَعْدَ وَفَاتِهِ بِيَسِيرٍ فَقُلْتُ: " إِذَا وَضَعَتْ فَقَدْ حَلَّتْ "، وَقَالَ ابْنُ ⦗٧٠٥⦘ عَبَّاسٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُمَا: " أَجَلُهَا آخِرُ الْأَجَلَيْنِ فَتَرَاجَعَا بِذَلِكَ " فَقَالَ أَبُو هُرَيْرَةَ " أَنَا مَعَ ابْنِ أَخِي يَعْنِي أَبَا سَلَمَةَ " فَبَعَثُوا كُرَيْبًا مَوْلَى ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ إِلَى أُمِّ سَلَمَةَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهَا فَقَالَتْ: " إِنَّ سُبَيْعَةَ وَضَعَتْ بَعْدَ وَفَاةِ زَوْجِهَا بِأَرْبَعِينَ لَيْلَةً وَأَنَّ رَجُلًا مِنْ بَنِي عَبْدِ الدَّارِ يُكَنَّى أَبَا السَّنَابِلِ خَطَبَهَا وَأَخْبَرَنَا أَنَّهَا قَدْ حَلَّتْ فَأَرَادَتْ أَنْ تَتَزَوَّجَ غَيْرَهُ فَقَالَ لَهَا أَبُو السَّنَابِلِ: إِنَّكِ لَمْ تَحِلِّينَ فَذَكَرَتْ ذَلِكَ سُبَيْعَةُ لِرَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ " فَأَمَرَهَا أَنْ تُزَوَّجَ " رَوَاهُ مُسْلِمٌ فِي الصَّحِيحِ، عَنْ أَبِي بَكْرِ بْنِ أَبِي شَيْبَةَ، وَأَخْرَجَهُ الْبُخَارِيُّ، مِنْ وَجْهٍ آخَرَ عَنْ أُمِّ سَلَمَةَ.
It is narrated from Abu Salamah (may Allah have mercy on him) that he, Ibn Abbas and Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with them both) discussed the man who dies (leaving his wife) and she gives birth a few days after his death. Abu Salamah (may Allah have mercy on him) said: I said: When she has given birth, she has become lawful (for marriage). And Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) said: Her waiting period is the later of the two terms. The two of them argued back and forth over it. Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) said: I am with my nephew, Abu Salamah. They sent Kurayb, the freed slave of Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both), to Umm Salamah (may Allah be pleased with her). Umm Salamah (may Allah be pleased with her) said that Subay'ah al-Aslamiyyah (may Allah be pleased with her) gave birth forty nights after the death of her husband, and a man of Banu Abd al-Dar whose kunyah was Abu al-Sanabil proposed to her and informed her that she had become lawful, and she intended to marry another man. Abu al-Sanabil said to her: You have not become lawful. Subay'ah (may Allah be pleased with her) mentioned this to the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), and he (peace and blessings be upon him) ordered her: "Marry."
أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو الْحَسَنِ عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ عَبْدَانَ أنا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ عُبَيْدٍ الصَّفَّارُ، أنبأ أَحْمَدُ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ مِلْحَانَ، نا يَحْيَى بْنُ بُكَيْرٍ، حَدَّثَنِي اللَّيْثُ، حَدَّثَنِي جَعْفَرٌ، عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ الْأَعْرَجِ، نا أَبُو سَلَمَةَ بْنُ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ، أَنَّ زَيْنَبَ بِنْتَ أُمِّ سَلَمَةَ أَخْبَرَتْ، عَنْ أُمِّهَا أُمِّ سَلَمَةَ زَوْجِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَنَّ امْرَأَةً يُقَالُ لَهَا سُبَيْعَةُ كَانَتْ تَحْتَ زَوْجِهَا فَتُوُفِّيَ عَنْهَا وَهِيَ حُبْلَى فَخَطَبَهَا أَبُو السَّنَابِلِ بْنُ بَعْكَكٍ فَأَبَتْ أَنْ تُنْكِحَ فَقَالَ وَاللهِ لَا يَصْلُحُ أَنْ تَنْكِحِي حَتَّى تَعْتَدِّي آخِرَ الْأَجَلَيْنِ، فَمَكَثَتْ قَرِيبًا مِنْ عِشْرِينَ لَيْلَةً ثُمَّ نُفِسَتْ فَجَاءَتْ رَسُولَ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَقَالَ: " انْكِحِي " فَكَانَتْ فَاطِمَةُ بِنْتُ قَيْسٍ تُحَدِّثُ عَنْ رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ حِينَ طُلِّقَتِ الْبَتَّةَ أَنَّهُ أَمَرَهَا أَنْ تَنْتَقِلَ إِلَى ابْنِ أُمِّ مَكْتُومٍ فَإِنَّهُ أَعْمَى تَضَعِينَ ثِيَابَكِ عِنْدَهُ قَبْلَ أَنْ تَنْقَضِيَ عِدَّتُهَا فَكَانَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ أُسَامَةَ بْنِ زَيْدٍ يَقُولُ: كَانَ أُسَامَةُ بْنُ زَيْدٍ إِذَا ذَكَرَتْ فَاطِمَةُ شَيْئًا مِنْ ذَلِكَ رَمَاهَا بِمَا كَانَ فِي يَدِهِ، رَوَاهُ الْبُخَارِيُّ فِي الصَّحِيحِ، عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ بُكَيْرٍ.
Abu Salamah bin Abd al-Rahman (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated to us that Zaynab bint Umm Salamah (may Allah be pleased with her) informed him from her mother, Umm Salamah (may Allah be pleased with her), the wife of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), that a woman called Subay'ah was married to her husband. Her husband died while she was pregnant. Abu al-Sanabil (may Allah be pleased with him) proposed marriage to her, but she refused. Abu al-Sanabil (may Allah be pleased with him) said: "By Allah, it is not proper for you to marry until you observe the later of the two terms." She stayed about twenty nights, then she gave birth. She came to the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), and the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Marry." Fatimah bint Qays (may Allah be pleased with her) spoke of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) from when she was divorced: he (peace and blessings be upon him) ordered her to move to the house of Abdullah bin Umm Maktum (may Allah be pleased with him), because he is a blind man, so she could even change her clothes in his presence before her waiting period ended. Muhammad bin Usamah bin Zayd (may Allah have mercy on him) said: Whenever Fatimah bint Qays (may Allah be pleased with her) mentioned anything of that to Usamah bin Zayd (may Allah be pleased with them both), he would throw at her whatever was in his hand.
أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو الْحُسَيْنِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْفَضْلِ الْقَطَّانُ بِبَغْدَادَ أنا عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ دُرُسْتَوَيْهِ، نا يَعْقُوبُ بْنُ سُفْيَانَ، نا سُلَيْمَانُ بْنُ حَرْبٍ، نا حَمَّادٌ، عَنْ أَيُّوبَ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سِيرِينَ قَالَ: جَلَسْتُ إِلَى عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ أَبِي لَيْلَى وَأَصْحَابُهُ يُعَظِّمُونَهُ كَأَنَّهُ أَمِيرٌ فَذَكَرُوا آخِرَ الْأَجَلَيْنِ فَذَكَرْتُ حَدِيثَ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ عُتْبَةَ فِي سُبَيْعَةَ بِنْتِ الْحَارِثِ قَالَ: فَغَمَزَ إِلِيَّ بَعْضُ أَصْحَابِهِ فَفَطِنْتُ فَقُلْتُ: إِنِّي لَحَرِيصٌ عَلَى الْكَذِبِ إِنْ كَذَبْتُ عَلَى عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ عُتْبَةَ وَهُوَ بِنَاحِيَةِ الْكُوفَةِ قَالَ: فَاسْتَحَى وَقَالَ: وَلَكِنَّ عَمَّهُ لَمْ يَكُنْ يَقُولُ ذَلِكَ قَالَ: وَلَمْ أَكُنْ سَمِعْتُ فِيهِ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ شَيْئًا قَالَ: فَقُمْتُ فَلَقِيتُ أَبَا عَطِيَّةَ مَالِكَ بْنَ الْحَارِثِ فَسَأَلْتُهُ فَذَهَبَ يُحَدِّثُنِي حَدِيثَ سُبَيْعَةَ قُلْتُ: إِنِّي لَسْتُ عَنْ هَذَا أَسْأَلُكَ وَلَكِنْ هَلْ سَمِعْتَ فِيهِ مِنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ شَيْئًا؟ قَالَ: نَعَمْ كُنَّا مَعَ عَبْدِ اللهِ فَسَأَلْنَا عَنْهَا فَقَالَ: أَرَأَيْتُمْ إِنْ وَضَعَتْ مِنْ قَبْلِ الْأَرْبَعَةِ الْأَشْهُرِ ⦗٧٠٦⦘ وَعَشْرٍ قُلْنَا حَتَّى تَمْضِيَ قَالَ: أَرَأَيْتُمْ إِنْ مَضَتِ الْأَرْبَعَةُ الْأَشْهُرُ وَعَشْرٌ قَبْلَ أَنْ تَضَعَ قَالَ: قُلْنَا حَتَّى تَضَعَ قَالَ: فَقَالَ: تَجْعَلُونَ عَلَيْهَا التَّغْلِيظَ وَلَا تَجْعَلُونَ لَهَا الرُّخْصَةَ لَنَزَلَتْ سُورَةُ النِّسَاءِ الْقُصْرَى بَعْدَ الطُّولَى وَأُولَاتُ الْأَحْمَالِ أَجَلُهُنَّ أَنْ يَضَعْنَ حَمْلَهُنَّ " أَخْرَجَهُ الْبُخَارِيُّ فِي الصَّحِيحِ، فَقَالَ وَقَالَ سُلَيْمَانُ بْنُ حَرْبٍ وَأَبُو النُّعْمَانِ فَذَكَرَهُ.
It is narrated from Muhammad bin Sirin (may Allah have mercy on him) that he said: I was sitting with Abd al-Rahman bin Abi Layla (may Allah have mercy on him), and his companions were honouring him as though he were their leader. They mentioned the later of the two terms, and I mentioned the hadith of Abdullah bin Utbah (may Allah be pleased with him) about Subay'ah bint al-Harith (may Allah be pleased with her). Ibn Sirin (may Allah have mercy on him) said: One of his companions winked at me, and I understood, and I said: I am not eager to lie; if I were to lie about Abdullah bin Utbah (may Allah be pleased with him), Abdullah bin Utbah (may Allah be pleased with him) is right there on the outskirts of Kufah. Ibn Sirin (may Allah have mercy on him) said: He felt somewhat ashamed and said: But his uncle did not say that. Ibn Sirin (may Allah have mercy on him) said: And I had not heard anything about it from Abdullah (may Allah be pleased with him). So I got up and met Abu Atiyyah Malik bin al-Harith (may Allah have mercy on him) and asked him, and he began narrating to me the hadith of Subay'ah (may Allah be pleased with her). I said: I am not asking you about this; have you heard anything about it from Abdullah (may Allah be pleased with him)? He said: Yes. We were with Abdullah (may Allah be pleased with him) and asked him about her, and he said: What do you think if she gives birth before four months and ten days? We said: (She waits) until they pass. He said: What do you think if four months and ten days pass before she gives birth? We said: Until she gives birth. Abdullah (may Allah be pleased with him) said: You impose hardship on her and do not grant her the concession! The shorter Surah al-Nisa was revealed after the longer one: 'And for those who are pregnant, their term is until they deliver their burden.' [Surah al-Talaq: 4]
Al-Bukhari (may Allah have mercy on him) recorded it.
Al-Bukhari (may Allah have mercy on him) recorded it.
أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو مُحَمَّدٍ عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ يَحْيَى بْنِ عَبْدِ اللهِ الْجَبَّارُ السُّكَّرِيُّ، بِبَغْدَادَ نا إِسْمَاعِيلُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ الصَّفَّارُ، نا سَعْدَانُ بْنُ نَصْرٍ، نا أَبُو مُعَاوِيَةَ، عَنِ الْأَعْمَشِ، عَنْ مُسْلِمٍ، عَنْ مَسْرُوقٍ قَالَ: قَالَ عَبْدُ اللهِ " وَاللهِ مَنْ شَاءَ لَاعَنْتُهُ لَأُنْزِلَتْ سُورَةُ النِّسَاءِ الْقُصْرَى بَعْدَ أَرْبَعَةِ أَشْهُرٍ وَعَشْرًا " وَعَنْ مُسْلِمٍ أَبِي الضُّحَى قَالَ: كَانَ عَلِيٌّ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ يَقُولُ: آخِرَ الْأَجَلَيْنِ.
It is narrated from Masruq (may Allah have mercy on him) that Abdullah (may Allah be pleased with him) said: By Allah, I am ready to invoke a mutual curse (mubahalah) with whoever wishes, that the shorter Surah al-Nisa was revealed after 'four months and ten days' [Surah al-Baqarah: 234]. And it is narrated from Muslim Abu al-Duha (may Allah have mercy on him) that Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) used to say: The later of the two terms.
أَخْبَرَنَا عَلِيُّ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ بِشْرَانَ، بِبَغْدَادَ أنا أَبُو الْحَسَنِ عَلِيُّ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ الْمِصْرِيُّ نا يَحْيَى بْنُ أَيُّوبَ، نا سَعِيدُ بْنُ الْحَكَمِ بْنِ أَبِي مَرْيَمَ، نا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ أَبِي كَثِيرٍ، حَدَّثَنِي ابْنُ شُبْرُمَةَ الْكُوفِيُّ، عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ النَّخَعِيِّ، عَنْ عَلْقَمَةَ بْنِ قَيْسٍ، أَنَّ ابْنَ مَسْعُودٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ: " مَنْ شَاءَ لَاعَنْتُهُ قَالَ: مَا نَزَلَتْ {وَأُولَاتُ الْأَحْمَالِ أَجَلُهُنَّ أَنْ يَضَعْنَ حَمْلَهُنَّ} [الطلاق: ٤] إِلَّا بَعْدَ آيَةِ الْمُتَوَفَّى عَنْهَا زَوْجُهَا إِذَا وَضَعَتِ الْمُتَوَفَّى عَنْهَا زَوْجُهَا فَقَدْ حَلَّتْ " يُرِيدُ بِآيَةِ الْمُتَوَفَّى عَنْهَا زَوْجُهَا {وَالَّذِينَ يُتَوَفَّوْنَ مِنْكُمْ وَيَذَرُونَ أَزْوَاجًا يَتَرَبَّصْنَ بِأَنْفُسِهِنَّ أَرْبَعَةَ أَشْهُرٍ وَعَشْرًا} [البقرة: ٢٣٤].
It is narrated from Alqamah bin Qays that Abdullah bin Mas'ud (may Allah be pleased with him) said: "Whoever wishes, I am ready to invoke a mutual curse (mubahalah) with him that the verse 'And for those who are pregnant, their term is until they deliver their burden' [Surah al-Talaq: 4] was not revealed except after the verse in which the husband's death is mentioned; so when the woman whose husband has died gives birth, her waiting period has ended." By the verse of 'the woman whose husband has died' he meant this verse: 'And those of you who die and leave behind wives, they shall wait concerning themselves for four months and ten days.' [Surah al-Baqarah: 234]
أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو بَكْرٍ أَحْمَدُ بْنُ الْحَسَنِ الْقَاضِي نا أَبُو الْعَبَّاسِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ أنا الرَّبِيعُ بْنُ سُلَيْمَانَ، أنا الشَّافِعِيُّ، أنا مَالِكٌ، عَنْ نَافِعٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ سُئِلَ عَنِ الْمَرْأَةِ يُتَوَفَّى عَنْهَا زَوْجُهَا وَهِيَ حَامِلٌ فَقَالَ ابْنُ عُمَرَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ: " إِذَا وَضَعَتْ حَمْلَهَا فَقَدْ حَلَّتْ " فَأَخْبَرَهُ رَجُلٌ مِنَ الْأَنْصَارِ أَنَّ عُمَرَ بْنَ الْخَطَّابِ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ: لَوْ وَلَدَتْ وَزَوْجُهَا عَلَى السَّرِيرِ لَمْ يُدْفَنْ لَحَلَّتْ وَاللهُ أَعْلَمُ.
Nafi' narrates from Abdullah bin Umar (may Allah be pleased with them both) that Ibn Umar (may Allah be pleased with them both) was asked about the woman who is pregnant and whose husband dies. Abdullah bin Umar (may Allah be pleased with them both) said: When she delivers her child, she has become lawful. A man of the Ansar informed him that Umar bin al-Khattab (may Allah be pleased with him) said: If she gives birth while her husband is still lying on the bed and has not been buried, she has become lawful, that is, her waiting period has ended; and Allah knows best.
