السنن الكبرى للبيهقي
Sunan al-Kubra al-Bayhaqi
كتاب الحج
Book of Hajj
باب: ما يفعل من فاته الحج
What one who misses the Hajj does
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أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو نَصْرِ بْنُ قَتَادَةَ، أنبأ عَلِيُّ بْنُ الْفَضْلِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَقِيلٍ، أنبأ إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ هَاشِمٍ الْبَغَوِيُّ، ثنا عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَسْمَاءَ، حَدَّثَنِي عَمِّي جُوَيْرِيَةُ بْنُ ⦗٢٨٤⦘ أَسْمَاءَ، عَنْ نَافِعٍ أَنَّ عَبْدَ اللهِ كَانَ يَقُولُ، ح وَأَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو زَكَرِيَّا يَحْيَى بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ يَحْيَى قَالَا: ثنا أَبُو الْعَبَّاسِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ، أنبأ الرَّبِيعُ بْنُ سُلَيْمَانَ، أنبأ الشَّافِعِيُّ، ثنا أَنَسُ بْنُ عِيَاضٍ، عَنْ مُوسَى بْنِ عُقْبَةَ، عَنْ نَافِعٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ أَنَّهُ قَالَ: " مَنْ أَدْرَكَ لَيْلَةَ النَّحْرِ مِنَ الْحَاجِّ فَوَقَفَ بِجِبَالِ عَرَفَةَ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَطْلُعَ الْفَجْرُ فَقَدْ أَدْرَكَ الْحَجَّ، وَمَنْ لَمْ يُدْرِكْ عَرَفَةَ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَطْلُعَ الْفَجْرُ فَقَدْ فَاتَهُ الْحَجُّ، فَلْيَأْتِ الْبَيْتَ فَلْيَطُفْ بِهِ سَبْعًا وَيَطُفْ بَيْنَ الصَّفَا وَالْمَرْوَةِ سَبْعًا، ثُمَّ لِيَحْلِقْ أَوْ يُقَصِّرْ إِنْ شَاءَ، وَإِنْ كَانَ مَعَهُ هَدْيُهُ فَلْيَنْحَرْهُ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَحْلِقَ، فَإِذَا فَرَغَ مِنْ طَوَافِهِ وَسَعْيِهِ فَلْيَحْلِقْ أَوْ يُقَصِّرْ، ثُمَّ لِيَرْجِعْ إِلَى أَهْلِهِ فَإِنْ أَدْرَكَهُ الْحَجُّ مِنْ قَابِلٍ فَلْيَحُجَّ إِنِ اسْتَطَاعَ وَلْيُهْدِ فِي حَجِّهِ فَإِنْ لَمْ يَجِدْ هَدْيًا فَلْيَصُمْ عَنْهُ ثَلَاثَةَ أَيَّامٍ فِي الْحَجِّ وَسَبْعَةً إِذَا رَجَعَ إِلَى أَهْلِهِ ".
Nafi' narrates from Ibn Umar (may Allah be pleased with them both): Whoever among the pilgrims reaches the Night of Sacrifice and stands on the mountains of Arafah before the dawn rises has attained the Hajj, and whoever does not reach the standing at Arafah before the dawn rises has missed the Hajj. He should come to the House and perform seven circuits, and perform sa'y between Safa and Marwah seven times, then shave his head or shorten his hair if he wishes. If he has his sacrificial animal with him, he should slaughter it before shaving; then when he has finished his tawaf and sa'y, he should shave or shorten his hair, and then return to his family. If the days of Hajj reach him the following year and he has the ability, that is, provision for the journey, he should perform Hajj and offer a sacrifice. If a sacrificial animal is not available, he should fast three days during the days of Hajj and seven days after returning home.
وَأَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو زَكَرِيَّا، وَأَبُوبَكْرٍ قَالَا: ثنا أَبُو الْعَبَّاسِ، أنبأ الرَّبِيعُ، أنبأ الشَّافِعِيُّ، أنبأ مَالِكٌ، ح وَأَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو أَحْمَدَ عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْحَسَنِ الْعَدْلُ، أنبأ أَبُو بَكْرٍ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ جَعْفَرٍ الْمُزَكِّي، ثنا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ الْعَبْدِيُّ، ثنا ابْنُ بُكَيْرٍ، ثنا مَالِكٌ، عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ سَعِيدٍ أَنَّهُ قَالَ: أَخْبَرَنِي سُلَيْمَانُ بْنُ يَسَارٍ أَنَّ أَبَا أَيُّوبَ الْأَنْصَارِيَّ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ خَرَجَ حَاجًّا حَتَّى إِذَا كَانَ بِالْبَادِيَةِ مِنْ طَرِيقِ مَكَّةَ أَضَلَّ رَوَاحِلَهُ، ثُمَّ إِنَّهُ قَدِمَ عَلَى عُمَرَ بْنِ الْخَطَّابِ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ يَوْمَ النَّحْرِ فَذَكَرَ ذَلِكَ لَهُ، فَقَالَ لَهُ عُمَرُ: " اصْنَعْ كَمَا يَصْنَعُ الْمُعْتَمِرُ، ثُمَّ قَدْ حَلَلْتَ فَإِذَا أَدْرَكَكَ الْحَجُّ مِنْ قَابِلٍ فَاحْجُجْ وَأَهْدِ مَا اسْتَيْسَرَ مِنَ الْهَدْيِ ".
Sulayman bin Yasar (may Allah have mercy on him) says that Abu Ayyub al-Ansari (may Allah be pleased with him) set out for Hajj, and when he was in the desert on the road to Makkah, his mount went missing. Then he came to Sayyiduna Umar bin al-Khattab (may Allah be pleased with him) on the Day of Sacrifice and mentioned what had happened to him. Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) said: Do as the one performing Umrah does, then you will have left ihram. If the Hajj reaches you the following year, then perform Hajj and offer whatever sacrificial animal is easily available.
وَأَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو بَكْرٍ أَحْمَدُ بْنُ الْحَسَنِ، وَأَبُو زَكَرِيَّا بْنُ أَبِي إِسْحَاقَ قَالَا: ثنا أَبُو الْعَبَّاسِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ، أنبأ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْحَكَمِ، أنبأ ابْنُ وَهْبٍ، أَخْبَرَنِي مَالِكُ بْنُ أَنَسٍ، وَعَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ عُمَرَ، وَغَيْرُهُمَا أَنَّ نَافِعًا حَدَّثَهُمْ عَنْ سُلَيْمَانَ بْنِ يَسَارٍ أَنَّ هَبَّارَ بْنَ الْأَسْوَدِ، جَاءَ يَوْمَ النَّحْرِ وَعُمَرُ رَضِيَ اللهُ تَعَالَى عَنْهُ يَنْحَرُ، فَقَالَ: يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ أَخْطَأْنَا، كُنَّا نَرَى أَنَّ هَذَا الْيَوْمَ يَوْمُ عَرَفَةَ، فَقَالَ لَهُ عُمَرُ بْنُ الْخَطَّابِ رَضِيَ اللهُ تَعَالَى عَنْهُ: " اذْهَبْ إِلَى مَكَّةَ فَطُفْ بِالْبَيْتِ سَبْعًا وَبَيْنَ الصَّفَا وَالْمَرْوَةِ أَنْتَ وَمَنْ مَعَكَ، ثُمَّ انْحَرْ هَدْيًا إِنْ كَانَ مَعَكَ، ثُمَّ احْلِقُوا أَوْ قَصِّرُوا وَارْجِعُوا فَإِذَا كَانَ حَجُّ قَابِلٍ فَحُجُّوا وَأَهْدُوا فَمَنْ لَمْ يَجِدْ فَصِيَامُ ثَلَاثَةِ أَيَّامٍ فِي الْحَجِّ وَسَبْعَةٍ إِذَا رَجَعَ إِلَى أَهْلِهِ " وَكَذَلِكَ رَوَاهُ جُوَيْرِيَةُ بْنُ أَسْمَاءَ، عَنْ نَافِعٍ.
Sulayman bin Yasar (may Allah have mercy on him) says that Habbar bin al-Aswad (may Allah be pleased with him) came on the Day of Sacrifice while Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) was slaughtering his sacrifice. He said: O Commander of the Believers! We made a mistake; we thought today was the Day of Arafah. Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) said: Go to Makkah, you and those with you, and perform seven circuits of tawaf around the House, and perform sa'y between Safa and Marwah. Then slaughter a sacrifice if you have one with you, then shave your heads or shorten your hair, and return. When the Hajj of the following year comes, perform Hajj and offer a sacrifice; and whoever does not have a sacrificial animal should fast three days during the days of Hajj and seven days after returning.
أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو مُحَمَّدٍ عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ يُوسُفَ الْأَصْبَهَانِيُّ، أنبأ أَبُو سَعِيدِ بْنُ الْأَعْرَابِيِّ، ثنا سَعْدَانُ بْنُ نَصْرٍ، ثنا أَبُو مُعَاوِيَةَ، عَنِ الْأَعْمَشِ، عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، عَنِ الْأَسْوَدِ، قَالَ: ⦗٢٨٥⦘ سَأَلْتُ عُمَرَ عَنْ رَجُلٍ فَاتَهُ الْحَجُّ، قَالَ: " يُهِلُّ بِعُمْرَةٍ وَعَلَيْهِ الْحَجُّ مِنْ قَابِلٍ " ثُمَّ خَرَجْتُ الْعَامَ الْمُقْبِلَ فَلَقِيتُ زَيْدَ بْنَ ثَابِتٍ فَسَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ رَجُلٍ فَاتَهُ الْحَجُّ، قَالَ: " يُهِلُّ بِعُمْرَةٍ وَعَلَيْهِ الْحَجُّ مِنْ قَابِلٍ " كَذَا رَوَاهُ أَبُو مُعَاوِيَةَ وَكَذَلِكَ رُوِيَ عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ الْأَسْوَدِ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْهُ وَرُوِيَ عَنْ إِدْرِيسَ الْأَوْدِيِّ عَنْهُ، فَقَالَ: وَيُهَرِيقُ دَمًا، وَرَوَاهُ سُفْيَانُ الثَّوْرِيُّ، عَنِ الْأَعْمَشِ بِإِسْنَادِهِ وَقَالَ: " يُهِلُّ بِعُمْرَةٍ وَيَحُجُّ مِنْ قَابِلٍ وَلَيْسَ عَلَيْهِ هَدْيٌ "، قَالَ: فَلَقِيتُ زَيْدَ بْنَ ثَابِتٍ بَعْدَ عِشْرِينَ سَنَةً، فَقَالَ مِثْلَ قَوْلِ عُمَرَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ وَكَذَلِكَ رَوَاهُ سُفْيَانُ عَنِ الْمُغِيرَةِ، عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ وَرَوَاهُ شُعْبَةُ.
(a) Ibrahim (may Allah have mercy on him) narrates from al-Aswad (may Allah have mercy on him): I asked Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) about a man who had missed the Hajj. He said: He should enter ihram for Umrah, and Hajj is due from him the following year. Then the following year I set out and met Sayyiduna Zayd bin Thabit (may Allah be pleased with him). I asked him about a person who misses the Hajj. He said: He should enter ihram for Umrah and perform Hajj the following year.
(b) Al-A'mash (may Allah have mercy on him) narrates through his chain that he should come out of ihram with an Umrah and perform Hajj the following year, and no sacrifice is due from him.
(c) Idris al-Awdi (may Allah have mercy on him) narrates from him that he should offer a sacrifice.
(b) Al-A'mash (may Allah have mercy on him) narrates through his chain that he should come out of ihram with an Umrah and perform Hajj the following year, and no sacrifice is due from him.
(c) Idris al-Awdi (may Allah have mercy on him) narrates from him that he should offer a sacrifice.
كَمَا أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ، أنبأ أَبُو عَمْرِو بْنُ مَطَرٍ، ثنا يَحْيَى بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ، ثنا عُبَيْدُ اللهِ بْنُ مُعَاذٍ، ثنا أَبِي، ثنا شُعْبَةُ، عَنْ مُغِيرَةَ الضَّبِّيِّ، عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ النَّخَعِيِّ، عَنِ الْأَسْوَدِ، قَالَ: جَاءَ رَجُلٌ إِلَى عُمَرَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ قَدْ فَاتَهُ الْحَجُّ، قَالَ عُمَرُ: " اجْعَلْهَا عُمْرَةً، وَعَلَيْكَ الْحَجُّ مِنْ قَابِلٍ "، قَالَ الْأَسْوَدُ: مَكَثْتُ عِشْرِينَ سَنَةً ثُمَّ سَأَلْتُ زَيْدَ بْنَ ثَابِتٍ عَنْ ذَلِكَ، فَقَالَ مِثْلَ قَوْلِ عُمَرَ.
Ibrahim al-Nakha'i narrates from al-Aswad (may Allah have mercy on him) that a man who had missed the Hajj came to Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him). Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) said: Make it an Umrah, and Hajj is due from you the following year. Al-Aswad said: I waited for 20 years, then I asked Sayyiduna Zayd bin Thabit (may Allah be pleased with him) about it, and he said the same as Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him).
وَأَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو الْحُسَيْنِ بْنُ الْفَضْلِ الْقَطَّانُ، بِبَغْدَادَ، أنبأ أَبُو سَهْلِ بْنُ زِيَادٍ الْقَطَّانُ، ثنا إِسْحَاقُ بْنُ الْحَسَنِ الْحَرْبِيُّ، ثنا عَفَّانُ، ثنا وُهَيْبٌ، ثنا أَيُّوبُ، عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ جُبَيْرٍ، عَنِ الْحَارِثِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ أَبِي رَبِيعَةَ، قَالَ: سَمِعْتُ عُمَرَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ وَجَاءَهُ رَجُلٌ فِي وَسَطِ أَيَّامِ التَّشْرِيقِ وَقَدْ فَاتَهُ الْحَجُّ، فَقَالَ لَهُ عُمَرُ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ: " طُفْ بِالْبَيْتِ وَبَيْنَ الصَّفَا، وَالْمَرْوَةِ وَعَلَيْكَ الْحَجُّ مِنْ قَابِلٍ " وَلَمْ يَذْكُرْ هَدْيًا، هَذِهِ الرِّوَايَةُ وَمَا قَبْلَهَا عَنِ الْأَسْوَدِ، عَنْ عُمَرَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ مُتَّصِلَتَانِ، رِوَايَةُ سُلَيْمَانَ بْنِ يَسَارٍ عَنْهُ مُنْقَطِعَةٌ، قَالَ الشَّافِعِيُّ رَحِمَهُ اللهُ: الْحَدِيثُ الْمُتَّصِلُ عَنْ عُمَرَ يُوَافِقُ حَدِيثَنَا عَنْ عُمَرَ وَيَزِيدُ حَدِيثُنَا " عَلَيْهِ الْهَدْيُ " وَالَّذِي يَزِيدُ فِي الْحَدِيثِ أَوْلَى بِالْحِفْظِ مِنَ الَّذِي لَمْ يَأْتِ بِالزِّيَادَةِ، وَرَوَيْنَا عَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ كَمَا قُلْنَا مُتَّصِلًا وَفِي رِوَايَةِ إِدْرِيسَ الْأَوْدِيِّ إِنْ صَحَّتْ " وَيُهَرِيقُ دَمًا " وَهِيَ تَشْهَدُ لِرِوَايَةِ سُلَيْمَانَ بْنِ يَسَارٍ بِالصِّحَّةِ، وَرَوَى إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ طَهْمَانَ، عَنْ مُوسَى بْنِ عُقْبَةَ، عَنْ نَافِعٍ، عَنْ سُلَيْمَانَ بْنَ يَسَارٍ، عَنْ هَبَّارِ بْنِ الْأَسْوَدِ أَنَّهُ حَدَّثَهُ أَنَّهُ فَاتَهُ الْحَجُّ فَذَكَرَهُ مَوْصُولًا، وَرُوِّينَا فِي قِصَّةِ حُزَابَةَ، عَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ، وَابْنِ الزُّبَيْرِ مَا دَلَّ عَلَى وُجُوبِ الْهَدْيِ، ⦗٢٨٦⦘ وَرُوِّينَا عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ أَنَّهُ قَالَ: " مَنْ نَسِيَ شَيْئًا مِنْ نُسُكِهِ أَوْ تَرَكَهُ فَلْيُهْرِقْ دَمًا ".
Al-Harith bin Abdullah bin Abi Rabi'ah (may Allah have mercy on him) relates: I heard Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) when a man who had missed the Hajj came to him in the middle of the days of Tashriq. Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) said: Perform tawaf of the House and sa'y between Safa and Marwah, and Hajj will be due from you the following year. But he did not mention a sacrifice.
(b) In the narration of Idris al-Awdi, if that narration is authentic, he should offer a sacrifice, and this indicates the authenticity of the narration of Sulayman bin Yasar (may Allah have mercy on him).
(c) Sulayman bin Yasar (may Allah have mercy on him) narrates from Sayyiduna Habbar bin al-Aswad (may Allah be pleased with him) that he missed the Hajj. He mentions it with a connected chain (mawsul).
(d) The story of Huzabah, which is reported from Sayyiduna Ibn Umar (may Allah be pleased with them both) and Sayyiduna Ibn al-Zubayr (may Allah be pleased with them both), indicates that the sacrifice is obligatory.
(e) Sayyiduna Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) says: Whoever forgets or leaves out any of the rites of Hajj should offer a sacrifice.
This narration and the one before it, from al-Aswad from Umar, are muttasil (connected), while the narration of Sulayman bin Yasar from him is munqati' (broken).
(b) In the narration of Idris al-Awdi, if that narration is authentic, he should offer a sacrifice, and this indicates the authenticity of the narration of Sulayman bin Yasar (may Allah have mercy on him).
(c) Sulayman bin Yasar (may Allah have mercy on him) narrates from Sayyiduna Habbar bin al-Aswad (may Allah be pleased with him) that he missed the Hajj. He mentions it with a connected chain (mawsul).
(d) The story of Huzabah, which is reported from Sayyiduna Ibn Umar (may Allah be pleased with them both) and Sayyiduna Ibn al-Zubayr (may Allah be pleased with them both), indicates that the sacrifice is obligatory.
(e) Sayyiduna Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) says: Whoever forgets or leaves out any of the rites of Hajj should offer a sacrifice.
This narration and the one before it, from al-Aswad from Umar, are muttasil (connected), while the narration of Sulayman bin Yasar from him is munqati' (broken).
