السنن الكبرى للبيهقي
Sunan al-Kubra al-Bayhaqi
كتاب الجنائز
Book of Funerals
باب: من رخص في البكاء إلى أن يموت الذي يبكى عليه
Those who permitted weeping until the one wept over dies
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أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو أَحْمَدَ عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْحَسَنِ الْمِهْرَجَانِيُّ، أنبأ أَبُو بَكْرٍ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ جَعْفَرٍ الْمُزَكِّي، ثنا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ الْبُوشَنْجِيُّ، ثنا ابْنُ بُكَيْرٍ، ثنا مَالِكٌ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ جَابِرِ بْنِ عَتِيكٍ، عَنْ عَتِيكِ بْنِ الْحَارِثِ بْنِ عَتِيكٍ، وَهُوَ جَدُّ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللهِ أَبُو أُمِّهِ أَنَّهُ أَخْبَرَهُ، أَنَّ جَابِرَ بْنَ عَتِيكٍ أَخْبَرَهُ، أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ جَاءَ يَعُودُ عَبْدَ اللهِ بْنَ ثَابِتٍ فَوَجَدَهُ قَدْ غُلِبَ فَصَاحَ بِهِ فَلَمْ يُجِبْهُ فَاسْتَرْجَعَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَقَالَ: " غُلِبْنَا عَلَيْكَ يَا أَبَا الرَّبِيعِ "، فَصَاحَ النِّسْوَةُ وَبَكَيْنَ فَجَعَلَ ابْنُ عَتِيكٍ يُسَكِّتُهُنَّ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: " دَعْهُنَّ فَإِذَا وَجَبَ فَلَا تَبْكِيَنَّ بَاكِيَةٌ وَمَا الْوُجُوبُ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ قَالَ: " إِذَا مَاتَ ".
Sayyiduna Jabir bin Atik (may Allah be pleased with him) said: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) came to visit Abdullah bin Thabit (may Allah be pleased with him), and he (peace and blessings be upon him) saw that death had overcome him. He (peace and blessings be upon him) called out to him, but he did not answer. Then the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said 'Inna lillahi wa inna ilayhi raji'un' (Indeed, we belong to Allah and to Him we shall return), and said: "O Abu al-Rabi', we have been overcome concerning you." Then the women cried out and wept, and Ibn Atik (may Allah be pleased with him) began to quieten them. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Leave them; when it becomes due, let no weeping woman weep." They said: O Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him)! What is its becoming due? He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "When he dies."
أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ، أنبأ أَبُو عَمْرٍو عُثْمَانُ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ السَّمَّاكِ، ثنا الْحَسَنُ بْنُ مُكْرَمٍ، ثنا عُثْمَانُ بْنُ عُمَرَ، ثنا أُسَامَةُ بْنُ زَيْدٍ، حَدَّثَنِي الزُّهْرِيُّ، عَنْ أَنَسِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ قَالَ: لَمَّا رَجَعَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ مِنْ أُحُدٍ سَمِعَ نِسَاءَ الْأَنْصَارِ يَبْكِينَ، فَقَالَ: " لَكِنَّ حَمْزَةَ لَا بَوَاكِيَ لَهُ " فَبَلَغَ ذَلِكَ نِسَاءَ الْأَنْصَارِ فَبَكَيْنَ لِحَمْزَةَ فَنَامَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، ثُمَّ اسْتَيْقَظَ وَهُنَّ يَبْكِينَ فَقَالَ: " يَا وَيْحَهُنَّ مَا زِلْنَ يَبْكِينَ مُنْذُ الْيَوْمِ فَلْيَسْكُتْنَ وَلَا يَبْكِينَ عَلَى هَالِكٍ بَعْدَ الْيَوْمِ ". وَقَدْ قِيلَ عَنْ أُسَامَةَ عَنْ نَافِعٍ عَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ.
Sayyiduna Anas bin Malik (may Allah be pleased with him) said: When the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) returned from Uhud, he heard the women of the Ansar weeping, and he (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "But Hamzah (may Allah be pleased with him) has no women to weep for him." This reached the women of the Ansar, and they began weeping for Sayyiduna Hamzah (may Allah be pleased with him). He (peace and blessings be upon him) slept, then woke up while they were still weeping, and he (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Woe to you! Are you still weeping? Let them be silent, and let them not weep over anyone who dies after today."
حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ، أنبأ أَبُو الْعَبَّاسِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ الْمَحْبُوبِيُّ، ثنا سَعِيدُ بْنُ مَسْعُودٍ، ثنا عُبَيْدُ اللهِ بْنُ مُوسَى، أنبأ أُسَامَةُ بْنُ زَيْدٍ، عَنْ نَافِعٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ، قَالَ رَجَعَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَوْمَ أُحُدٍ فَسَمِعَ نِسَاءَ بَنِي عَبْدِ الْأَشْهَلِ يَبْكِينَ عَلَى هَلْكَاهُنَّ فَقَالَ: " لَكِنَّ حَمْزَةَ لَا بَوَاكِيَ لَهُ " فَجِئْنَ نِسَاءُ الْأَنْصَارِ فَبَكَيْنَ عَلَى حَمْزَةَ عِنْدَهُ وَرَقَدَ فَاسْتَيْقَظَ وَهُنَّ يَبْكِينَ فَقَالَ: " وَيْحَهُنَّ إِنَّهُنَّ لَهَاهُنَا حَتَّى الْآنَ مُرُوهُنَّ فَلْيَرْجِعْنَ وَلَا يَبْكِينَ عَلَى هَالِكٍ بَعْدَ الْيَوْمِ ". وَقَوْلُهُ: " وَلَا يَبْكِينَ عَلَى هَالِكٍ بَعْدَ الْيَوْمِ " إِنْ أَرَادَ بِهِ الْعُمُومَ كَانَ كَقَوْلِهِ فِي حَدِيثِ ابْنِ عَتِيكٍ: " فَإِذَا وَجَبَ فَلَا تَبْكِيَنَّ بَاكِيَةٌ " وَيُحْتَمَلُ أَنْ يَكُونَ الْمُرَادُ بِهِ عَلَى هَالِكٍ مِنْ شُهَدَاءِ أُحُدٍ فَكَأَنَّهُ قَالَ حَسْبُكُنَّ مَا بَكَيتُنَّ عَلَيْهِمْ، وَقَدْ وَرَدَتِ الرُّخْصَةُ فِي الْبُكَاءِ بَعْدَ الْمَوْتِ بِدَمْعِ الْعَيْنِ وَحُزْنِ الْقَلْبِ فَيَكُونُ حَدِيثُ جَابِرِ بْنِ عَتِيكٍ مَحْمُولًا عَلَى الِاخْتِيَارِ وَاللهُ أَعْلَمُ.
Sayyiduna Ibn Umar (may Allah be pleased with them both) said: When the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) returned from the Battle of Uhud, he (peace and blessings be upon him) heard the women of Banu Abd al-Ashhal weeping over their dead, and he (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "But Hamzah (may Allah be pleased with him) has no one to weep for him." Then the women of the Ansar came and began to weep over Sayyiduna Hamzah (may Allah be pleased with him). He (peace and blessings be upon him) slept, then woke up while they were still weeping, and he (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Woe to them! They are still weeping. Tell them to go back, and let them not weep over anyone who dies after today."
"And let them not weep over anyone who dies after today": if he meant it in general, it is like what is in the hadith of Ibn Atik (may Allah be pleased with him): "When it becomes due, let no weeping woman weep." It is also possible that what is meant is the martyrs of Uhud, as if he (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "What you have wept over them is enough for you." Permission has been reported for weeping after death with the tears of the eye and the grief of the heart, so the hadith of Sayyiduna Jabir bin Atik (may Allah be pleased with him) is to be understood as referring to what is preferable, and Allah knows best.
"And let them not weep over anyone who dies after today": if he meant it in general, it is like what is in the hadith of Ibn Atik (may Allah be pleased with him): "When it becomes due, let no weeping woman weep." It is also possible that what is meant is the martyrs of Uhud, as if he (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "What you have wept over them is enough for you." Permission has been reported for weeping after death with the tears of the eye and the grief of the heart, so the hadith of Sayyiduna Jabir bin Atik (may Allah be pleased with him) is to be understood as referring to what is preferable, and Allah knows best.
