السنن الكبرى للبيهقي
Sunan al-Kubra al-Bayhaqi
كتاب الجنائز
Book of Funerals
باب: الرخصة في البكاء بلا ندب ولا نياحة
The concession to weep without lamenting or wailing
Toggle above to switch between keyword search and direct hadith lookup
أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو مُحَمَّدٍ عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ يَحْيَى بْنِ عَبْدِ الْجَبَّارِ السُّكَّرِيُّ، بِبَغْدَادَ، أنبأ إِسْمَاعِيلُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ الصَّفَّارُ، ثنا سَعْدَانُ بْنُ نَصْرٍ، ثنا أَبُو مُعَاوِيَةَ، عَنْ عَاصِمٍ الْأَحْوَلِ، عَنْ أَبِي عُثْمَانَ النَّهْدِيِّ، عَنْ أُسَامَةَ بْنِ زَيْدٍ، رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُمَا قَالَ: أَتَى النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ بِابْنَةِ ابْنَتِهِ وَنَفْسُهَا تَقَعْقَعُ كَأَنَّهَا فِي شَنٍّ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: " لِلَّهِ مَا أَخَذَ وَلِلَّهِ مَا أَعْطَى وَكُلٌّ إِلَى أَجَلٍ مُسَمًّى "، قَالَ: وَبَكَى، فَقَالَ لَهُ سَعْدُ بْنُ عُبَادَةَ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ أَتَبْكِي وَقَدْ نَهَيْتَ عَنِ الْبُكَاءِ؟ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: " إِنَّمَا هِيَ رَحْمَةٌ جَعَلَهَا اللهُ فِي قُلُوبِ عِبَادِهِ وَإِنَّمَا يَرْحَمُ اللهُ مِنْ عِبَادِهِ الرُّحَمَاءَ ". رَوَاهُ مُسْلِمٌ فِي الصَّحِيحِ عَنْ أَبِي بَكْرِ بْنِ أَبِي شَيْبَةَ عَنْ أَبِي مُعَاوِيَةَ وَأَخْرَجَهُ الْبُخَارِيُّ مِنْ أَوْجُهٍ عَنْ عَاصِمٍ الْأَحْوَلِ.
Usamah bin Zayd (may Allah be pleased with him) said: The granddaughter of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) was brought to him while her breath was rattling, as if it were in a water-skin. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "To Allah belongs what He has taken and what He has given, and everyone is moving towards his appointed time." Usamah (may Allah be pleased with him) said: And he (peace and blessings be upon him) wept. Sa'd bin Ubadah (may Allah be pleased with him) said to him (peace and blessings be upon him): O Messenger of Allah! Do you weep, when it was you (peace and blessings be upon him) who forbade weeping? He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "This is only mercy, which Allah Almighty has placed in the hearts of His servants, and Allah shows mercy only to those of His servants who are merciful."
أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ، وَأَبُو بَكْرٍ أَحْمَدُ بْنُ الْحَسَنِ الْقَاضِي، وَأَبُو سَعِيدِ بْنُ أَبِي عَمْرٍو قَالُوا: ثنا أَبُو الْعَبَّاسِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ، ثنا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِسْحَاقَ الصَّغَانِيُّ، ثنا أَبُو النَّضْرِ، ثنا سُلَيْمَانُ بْنُ الْمُغِيرَةِ، عَنْ ثَابِتٍ، عَنْ أَنَسِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ، قَالَ: قَالَ ⦗١١٥⦘ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: " وُلِدَ لِيَ اللَّيْلَةَ غُلَامٌ فَسَمَّيْتُهُ بِأَبِي إِبْرَاهِيمَ "، ثُمَّ دَفَعَهُ إِلَى أُمِّ سَيْفٍ امْرَأَةِ قَيْنٍ بِالْمَدِينَةِ يُقَالُ لَهُ أَبُو سَيْفٍ فَانْطَلَقَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَزُورُهُ وَانْطَلَقْتُ مَعَهُ فَانْتَهَيْنَا إِلَى أَبِي سَيْفٍ وَهُوَ يَنْفُخُ بِكِيرِهِ قَالَ: وَالْبَيْتُ مُمْتَلِئٌ دُخَانًا قَالَ فَأَسْرَعْتُ الْمَشْيَ بَيْنَ يَدَيْ رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَأَتَيْتُ أَبَا سَيْفٍ فَقُلْتُ: جَاءَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَمْسِكْ أَمْسِكْ، فَأَمْسَكَ، فَجَاءَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَدَعَا بِالصَّبِيِّ فَضَمَّهُ إِلَيْهِ وَقَالَ مَا شَاءَ اللهُ أَنْ يَقُولَ قَالَ أَنَسٌ فَلَقَدْ رَأَيْتُهُ بَيْنَ يَدَيْ رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَهُوَ يَكِيدُ بِنَفْسِهِ فَدَمَعَتْ عَيْنَا رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: " تَدْمَعُ الْعَيْنُ وَيَحْزَنُ الْقَلْبُ وَلَا نَقُولُ إِلَّا مَا يُرْضِي رَبَّنَا، وَاللهِ يَا إِبْرَاهِيمُ إِنَّا بِكَ لَمَحْزُونُونَ " رَوَاهُ مُسْلِمٌ فِي الصَّحِيحِ عَنْ هُدْبَةَ وَشَيْبَانُ عَنْ سُلَيْمَانَ، وَأَخْرَجَهُ الْبُخَارِيُّ مِنْ وَجْهٍ آخَرَ عَنْ ثَابِتٍ قَالَ: وَرَوَاهُ مُوسَى عَنْ سُلَيْمَانَ.
Anas bin Malik (may Allah be pleased with him) said that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Tonight a boy was born to me, and I have named him after my father, Ibrahim." Then he handed him over to Umm Sayf, the wife of a blacksmith in Madinah who was called Abu Sayf. Then he (peace and blessings be upon him) set out to visit him, and I went with him (peace and blessings be upon him). We came to Abu Sayf while he was blowing on his furnace, and his house was full of smoke. He said: I hurried ahead of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), came to Abu Sayf and said: Stop, stop! The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) has come. So he stopped. Then he (peace and blessings be upon him) came, called for the child, held him close to himself, and said whatever Allah willed him to say. Anas (may Allah be pleased with him) said: I saw him before him, breathing his last, and the eyes of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) shed tears, and he (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "The eye sheds tears and the heart grieves, and we say only what pleases our Lord. By Allah, O Ibrahim, we are deeply grieved by you."
أَخْبَرَنَا عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ عَبْدَانَ، أنبأ أَحْمَدُ بْنُ عُبَيْدٍ الصَّفَّارُ، ثنا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْفَضْلِ بْنِ جَابِرٍ، ثنا شَيْبَانُ، ثنا أَبُو عَوَانَةَ، عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي لَيْلَى، عَنْ عَطَاءٍ، عَنْ جَابِرِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللهِ، قَالَ: خَرَجَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ بِعَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ عَوْفٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ إِلَى النَّخْلِ فَإِذَا ابْنُهُ إِبْرَاهِيمُ يَجُودُ بِنَفْسِهِ فَوَضَعَهُ فِي حِجْرِهِ فَفَاضَتْ عَيْنَاهُ، فَقَالَ عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ عَوْفٍ: أَتَبْكِي وَأَنْتَ تَنْهَى النَّاسَ؟ قَالَ: " إِنِّي لَمْ أَنْهَ عَنِ الْبُكَاءِ إِنَّمَا نَهَيْتُ عَنِ النَّوْحِ صَوْتَيْنِ أَحْمَقَيْنِ فَاجِرَيْنِ صَوْتٌ عِنْدَ نَغَمَةِ لَهْوٍ وَلَعِبٍ وَمَزَامِيرِ شَيْطَانٍ، وَصَوْتٌ عِنْدَ مُصِيبَةٍ خَمْشُ وُجُوهٍ وَشَقُّ جُيُوبٍ وَرَنَّةٌ وَهَذَا هُوَ رَحْمَةٌ وَمَنْ لَا يَرْحَمُ لَا يُرْحَمُ، يَا إِبْرَاهِيمُ لَوْلَا أَنَّهُ أَمْرٌ حَقٌّ، وَوَعْدٌ صِدْقٌ وَأَنَّ آخِرَنَا سَيَلْحَقُ بِأَوَّلِنَا لَحَزِنَّا عَلَيْكَ حُزْنًا هُوَ أَشَدُّ مِنْ هَذَا، وَإِنَّا بِكَ لَمَحْزُونُونَ تَبْكِي الْعَيْنُ وَيَحْزَنُ الْقَلْبُ وَلَا نَقُولُ مَا يُسْخِطُ الرَّبَّ ".
Sayyiduna Jabir bin Abdullah (may Allah be pleased with them both) said: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) went out with Sayyiduna Abd al-Rahman bin Awf (may Allah be pleased with him) to the date-palms, while his (peace and blessings be upon him) son Ibrahim was surrendering his soul to Allah. He (peace and blessings be upon him) placed him in his lap, and his (peace and blessings be upon him) eyes began to flow. Sayyiduna Abd al-Rahman bin Awf (may Allah be pleased with him) said: You (peace and blessings be upon him) forbid people, yet you yourself are weeping! He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "I did not forbid weeping; rather, I forbid wailing and making sounds like fools, the sounds that wicked people make: with songs, with idle amusement and play, and with the tunes of Satan; and, at the time of calamity, the sound that comes with scratching the face and tearing the collar. This weeping is mercy, and whoever does not show mercy is not shown mercy. O Ibrahim! Were it not that this is the truth and a true promise, and that everyone who comes later will join those who went before, we would grieve far more than the grief we feel at being parted from you. The eyes are weeping and the heart is grieved, and we will not say anything that angers our Lord."
أَخْبَرَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ، ثنا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ، ثنا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِسْمَاعِيلَ، ثنا عَمْرُو بْنُ سَوَّادٍ، ثنا ابْنُ وَهْبٍ، أنبأ عَمْرُو بْنُ الْحَارِثِ، عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ الْحَارِثِ بْنِ الْمُعَلَّى الْأَنْصَارِيِّ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ عُمَرَ، أَنَّهُ قَالَ: اشْتَكَى سَعْدُ بْنُ عُبَادَةَ شَكْوَى لَهُ فَأَتَاهُ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَعُودُهُ مَعَ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ عَوْفٍ وَسَعْدِ بْنِ أَبِي وَقَّاصٍ وَعَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ مَسْعُودٍ فَلَمَّا دَخَلَ عَلَيْهِ وَجَدَهُ فِي غَشْيَةٍ فَقَالَ: " أَقَدْ قَضَى؟ " فَقَالُوا: لَا يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ، فَبَكَى رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَلَمَّا رَأَى الْقَوْمُ بُكَاءَ رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ بَكَوْا فَقَالَ: " أَلَا تَسْمَعُونَ أَنَّ اللهَ لَا يُعَذِّبُ بِدَمْعِ الْعَيْنِ وَلَا بِحُزْنِ الْقَلْبِ وَلَكِنْ يُعَذِّبُ بِهَذَا وَأَشَارَ إِلَى لِسَانِهِ أَوْ يَرْحَمُ ". ⦗١١٦⦘ رَوَاهُ الْبُخَارِيُّ فِي الصَّحِيحِ عَنْ أَصْبَغَ عَنِ ابْنِ وَهْبٍ. وَرَوَاهُ مُسْلِمٌ عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ سَوَّادٍ.
Abdullah bin Umar (may Allah be pleased with them both) said: Sa'd bin Ubadah (may Allah be pleased with him) fell ill, and the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) came to visit him, and Abd al-Rahman bin Awf (may Allah be pleased with him) was with him (peace and blessings be upon him), as were Sa'd bin Abi Waqqas and Abdullah bin Mas'ud (may Allah be pleased with them both). When he (peace and blessings be upon him) came to him, he was in a faint, and he (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Has he died?" It was said: No. Then the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) wept. When the people saw him (peace and blessings be upon him) weeping, they wept too, and he (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Do you not hear? Allah Almighty does not punish for the tears of the eye nor for the grief of the heart; rather, punishment comes because of this," and he (peace and blessings be upon him) pointed to his tongue, "or mercy is shown."
