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مستدرکِ حاکم
Mustadrak al-Hakim
كتاب التفسير
Book of Tafsir
شأن آية ومن يتق الله يجعل له مخرجا الآية
The occasion of revelation of the verse "And whoever fears Allah, He will make for him a way out"
Mustadrak al-Hakim — Hadith 3862
اُردوEn
أخبرني أبو القاسم الحسن بن محمد بن الحسين بن عُقْبة بن خالد السَّكُوني بالكوفة، حدثنا عُبيد (1) بن كثير العامري، حدثنا عبَّاد بن يعقوب، حدثنا يحيى بن آدم، حدثنا إسرائيل، حدثنا عمَّار بن أبي معاوية، عن سالم بن أبي الجَعْد، عن جابر بن عبد الله قال: نزلت هذه الآية ﴿وَمَنْ يَتَّقِ اللَّهَ يَجْعَلْ لَهُ مَخْرَجًا (2) وَيَرْزُقْهُ مِنْ حَيْثُ لَا يَحْتَسِبُ﴾ في رجلٍ من أشجَعَ كان فقيرًا خفيفَ ذاتِ اليد كثيرَ العيال، فأَتى رسولَ الله ﷺ فسأَله، فقال له: "اتَّقِ الله واصبِرْ" فرجع إلى أصحابه فقالوا: ما أعطاك رسولُ الله ﷺ؟ فقال: ما أعطاني شيئًا، قال لي: "اتَّقِ الله واصبِرْ". فلم يَلبَثْ إِلَّا يسيرًا حتى جاء ابنٌ له بغَنَم له كان العدوُّ أصابوه، فأَتى رسولَ الله ﷺ فسأله عنها وأخبره خَبَرَها، فقال له رسول الله ﷺ: "كُلْها" فنزلت: ﴿وَمَنْ يَتَّقِ اللَّهَ يَجْعَلْ لَهُ مَخْرَجًا (2) وَيَرْزُقْهُ مِنْ حَيْثُ لَا يَحْتَسِبُ﴾ (2).
هذا حديث صحيح الإسناد، ولم يُخرجاه.
[التعليق - من تلخيص الذهبي] ترقيم العلميه 3820 - بل منكر
هذا حديث صحيح الإسناد، ولم يُخرجاه.
[التعليق - من تلخيص الذهبي] ترقيم العلميه 3820 - بل منكر
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Jabir bin Abdullah (may Allah be pleased with them both) that this verse, "And whoever fears Allah, He will make for him a way out, and will provide for him from where he does not expect", was revealed concerning a man of the tribe of Ashja' who was extremely poor, empty-handed and had many dependants. He came to the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) and presented his need. He (peace and blessings be upon him) said to him: "Fear Allah and be patient." He went back to his companions, and they asked: What did the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) give you? He said: He (peace and blessings be upon him) did not give me anything (in wealth); he only said: "Fear Allah and be patient." Only a short time had passed when his son, whom the enemy had captured, arrived bringing sheep. He came to the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), asked him about the sheep and told him the whole story. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Eat them." Then this verse was revealed: "And whoever fears Allah, He will make for him a way out, and will provide for him from where he does not expect."
This hadith has a sahih (authentic) chain, but the two Shaykhs (Bukhari and Muslim) did not record it.
This hadith has a sahih (authentic) chain, but the two Shaykhs (Bukhari and Muslim) did not record it.
Explanation & Benefits
Shaykh Adil Murshid et al.
(1) تحرَّف في نسخنا الخطية إلى: محمد. وجاء في "تلخيص الذهبي" على الصواب.
Note / Clarification: In our manuscripts this has been corrupted into "Muhammad", whereas in al-Dhahabi's "al-Talkhis" it appears correctly.
(2) إسناده ضعيف جدًّا موصولًا من أجل عبيد بن كثير العامري، فإنه متروك الحديث، وبه أعلَّه الذهبي في "تلخيصه" واستنكره، والصحيح في هذا الخبر أنه مرسل ليس فيه جابر كما سيأتي. وأخرجه الواحدي في "أسباب النزول" (828) عن عبد العزيز بن عبد الله، عن محمد بن عبد الله بن نعيم - وهو أبو عبد الله الحاكم - بهذا الإسناد.
Grading: As a connected (mawsul) chain it is "very weak" (da'if jiddan).
Technical note / Defect ('illah): The reason is Ubayd bin Kathir al-Amiri, who is "matruk al-hadith". For this reason al-Dhahabi declared it defective and munkar in his "al-Talkhis". What is correct about this report is that it is "mursal" and does not mention Jabir (may Allah be pleased with him), as will follow.
Reference / Source: Al-Wahidi recorded it in "Asbab al-Nuzul" (828) from Abd al-Aziz bin Abd Allah, from Muhammad bin Abd Allah bin Nu'aym (who is al-Hakim), with this same chain.
وأخرجه بنحوه بقيُّ بن مخلد في "تفسيره" - كما ذكر ابن بَشكُوال في "غوامض الأسماء المبهمة" 2/ 707 - من طريق شريك النخعي، والطبري في "تفسيره" 28/ 138 - 139، وابن بشكوال 2/ 707 من طريق سفيان الثوري، والطبري أيضًا 28/ 139 من طريق عمرو بن أبي قيس، ثلاثتهم عن عمار بن أبي معاوية الدُّهني، عن سالم بن أبي الجعد مرسلًا لم يذكروا فيه جابرًا. وهو المحفوظ. وقد سقط سفيان من مطبوعة ابن بشكوال.
Reference / Source: Baqi bin Makhlad recorded it in his Tafsir (as Ibn Bashkuwal mentioned in "Ghawamid al-Asma' al-Mubhamah" 2/707) via Sharik al-Nakha'i; al-Tabari in his Tafsir (28/138-139) and Ibn Bashkuwal (2/707) via Sufyan al-Thawri; and al-Tabari also (28/139) via Amr bin Abi Qays. All three (Sharik, Sufyan and Amr) narrate it from Ammar bin Abi Mu'awiyah al-Duhni, from Salim bin Abi al-Ja'd as "mursal", and none of them mentioned Jabir in it; this is the "mahfuz" (preserved) version. The name of Sufyan has dropped out of the printed edition of Ibn Bashkuwal.
ويشهد له حديث عبد الله بن مسعود المتقدم عند المصنف برقم (2016).
Corroborating chains and supporting reports: As a shahid for it there is the hadith of Abd Allah bin Mas'ud (may Allah be pleased with him), which has already passed with the author (al-Hakim) at number (2016).
Note / Clarification: In our manuscripts this has been corrupted into "Muhammad", whereas in al-Dhahabi's "al-Talkhis" it appears correctly.
(2) إسناده ضعيف جدًّا موصولًا من أجل عبيد بن كثير العامري، فإنه متروك الحديث، وبه أعلَّه الذهبي في "تلخيصه" واستنكره، والصحيح في هذا الخبر أنه مرسل ليس فيه جابر كما سيأتي. وأخرجه الواحدي في "أسباب النزول" (828) عن عبد العزيز بن عبد الله، عن محمد بن عبد الله بن نعيم - وهو أبو عبد الله الحاكم - بهذا الإسناد.
Grading: As a connected (mawsul) chain it is "very weak" (da'if jiddan).
Technical note / Defect ('illah): The reason is Ubayd bin Kathir al-Amiri, who is "matruk al-hadith". For this reason al-Dhahabi declared it defective and munkar in his "al-Talkhis". What is correct about this report is that it is "mursal" and does not mention Jabir (may Allah be pleased with him), as will follow.
Reference / Source: Al-Wahidi recorded it in "Asbab al-Nuzul" (828) from Abd al-Aziz bin Abd Allah, from Muhammad bin Abd Allah bin Nu'aym (who is al-Hakim), with this same chain.
وأخرجه بنحوه بقيُّ بن مخلد في "تفسيره" - كما ذكر ابن بَشكُوال في "غوامض الأسماء المبهمة" 2/ 707 - من طريق شريك النخعي، والطبري في "تفسيره" 28/ 138 - 139، وابن بشكوال 2/ 707 من طريق سفيان الثوري، والطبري أيضًا 28/ 139 من طريق عمرو بن أبي قيس، ثلاثتهم عن عمار بن أبي معاوية الدُّهني، عن سالم بن أبي الجعد مرسلًا لم يذكروا فيه جابرًا. وهو المحفوظ. وقد سقط سفيان من مطبوعة ابن بشكوال.
Reference / Source: Baqi bin Makhlad recorded it in his Tafsir (as Ibn Bashkuwal mentioned in "Ghawamid al-Asma' al-Mubhamah" 2/707) via Sharik al-Nakha'i; al-Tabari in his Tafsir (28/138-139) and Ibn Bashkuwal (2/707) via Sufyan al-Thawri; and al-Tabari also (28/139) via Amr bin Abi Qays. All three (Sharik, Sufyan and Amr) narrate it from Ammar bin Abi Mu'awiyah al-Duhni, from Salim bin Abi al-Ja'd as "mursal", and none of them mentioned Jabir in it; this is the "mahfuz" (preserved) version. The name of Sufyan has dropped out of the printed edition of Ibn Bashkuwal.
ويشهد له حديث عبد الله بن مسعود المتقدم عند المصنف برقم (2016).
Corroborating chains and supporting reports: As a shahid for it there is the hadith of Abd Allah bin Mas'ud (may Allah be pleased with him), which has already passed with the author (al-Hakim) at number (2016).
Source: Al-Mustadrak ala al-Sahihayn (Takhrij & Tahqiq: Shaykh Adil Murshid et al.), Page: 3862
