Toggle above to switch between keyword search and direct hadith lookup
مستدرکِ حاکم
Mustadrak al-Hakim
كتاب النكاح
Book of Marriage
إِذَا تَزَوَّجَ الْعَبْدُ بِغَيْرِ إِذَنِ سَيِّدِهِ كَانَ عَاهِرًا
If a slave marries without his master's permission he is a fornicator
Mustadrak al-Hakim — Hadith 2825
اُردوEn
أخبرنا أبو النضر محمد بن محمد بن يوسف الفقيه، حدثنا عثمان بن سعيد الدارمي، حدثنا عبد الله بن محمد النُّفَيلي، حدثنا مِسكين بن بُكير، حدثنا شعبة، عن يزيد بن خُمَير، عن عبد الرحمن بن جُبير بن نُفير، عن أبيه، عن أبي الدرداء: أنَّ رسول الله ﷺ كان في غزوة، فرأى امرأةً مُجِحَّة (1)، فقال: "لعلَّ صاحبَها ألَمَّ بها؟ " قالوا: نعم، قال: "لقد هَمَمتُ أن أَلْعنَه لعنةً تدخلُ معه في قبرِه، كيف يُورِّثه وهو لا يَحِلُّ له، وكيف يَستخدِمُه وهو لا يَحِلُّ له" (2).
هذا حديث صحيح على شرط الشيخين، ولم يُخرجاه.
[التعليق - من تلخيص الذهبي] ترقيم العلميه 2789 - على شرط مسلم
هذا حديث صحيح على شرط الشيخين، ولم يُخرجاه.
[التعليق - من تلخيص الذهبي] ترقيم العلميه 2789 - على شرط مسلم
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Abu al-Darda' (may Allah be pleased with him) that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) was on a military expedition, and he (peace and blessings be upon him) saw a woman who was pregnant (close to giving birth). He (peace and blessings be upon him) asked: "Perhaps her owner has had relations with her?" The people said: "Yes." He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "I was minded to curse him with a curse that would enter his grave with him. How can he make him (the child) his heir when that is not lawful for him, and how can he take service from him when that is not lawful for him? (That is, because of intimacy before the waiting period of istibra', doubt has arisen over the lineage of the child born.)"
This hadith is sahih (authentic) on the condition of the two Shaykhs (Bukhari and Muslim), but they did not record it.
This hadith is sahih (authentic) on the condition of the two Shaykhs (Bukhari and Muslim), but they did not record it.
Explanation & Benefits
Shaykh Adil Murshid et al.
(1) تصحف في بعض النسخ الخطية إلى: مجخة، بالخاء المعجمة بعد الجيم، بدل الحاء المهملة. وهو من: أجَحَّت الحامل، إذا ظهر حملها.
Note / Clarification: In some manuscripts the word (mujihhah) has been corrupted into "mujikhkhah", i.e. with the dotted "kha'" after the jim instead of the undotted "ha'". The word comes from "ajahhat al-hamil", meaning: when a pregnant woman's pregnancy becomes visible.
(2) حديث صحيح، وهذا إسناد حسن من أجل مسكين بن بُكير، وقد توبع.
Grading: This hadith is "sahih", and this chain is "hasan" because of Miskin bin Bukayr, and he has been corroborated.
وأخرجه أبو داود (2156) عن عبد الله بن محمد النُّفَيلي، بهذا الإسناد.
Reference / Source: Abu Dawud (2156) narrated it from Abd Allah bin Muhammad al-Nufayli, with this chain.
وأخرجه أحمد 36/ (21703) عن يحيى بن سعيد القطان، وأحمد 45/ (27519)، ومسلم (1441) من طريق محمد بن جعفر، ومسلم (1441) من طريق يزيد بن هارون ومن طريق أبي داود الطيالسي، أربعتهم عن شعبة، به. فاستدراك الحاكم له ذهولٌ منه.
Reference / Source: Imam Ahmad (36/ 21703) narrated it from Yahya bin Sa'id al-Qattan; Ahmad (45/ 27519) and Muslim (1441) via Muhammad bin Ja'far; and Muslim (1441) via Yazid bin Harun and via Abu Dawud al-Tayalisi. All four narrate it from Shu'bah, likewise.
Note / Clarification: Therefore al-Hakim's including it as a supplement (istidrak) is an oversight on his part.
قوله: "ألمَّ بها" أي: وَطِئها.
Note / Clarification: His (peace and blessings be upon him) words "alamma biha" mean: he had intercourse with her.
وقوله: "كيف يُورِّثه وهو لا يحل له، وكيف يستخدمه وهو لا يحل له": يريد أنَّ ذلك الحَمل قد يكون من زوجها المشرك، فلا يحلّ له استلحاقه ولا توريثه، وقد يكون منه إذا وطئها أن ينفشَّ ما كان في الظاهر حملًا وتَعلَق من وطئه، فلا يجوز نفيُه ولا استخدامه. قاله الخطابي في "معالم السنن" 3/ 224.
Note / Clarification: And his (peace and blessings be upon him) words: "How can he make him an heir when that is not lawful for him, and how can he take him as a servant when that is not lawful for him?" mean: that pregnancy may be from her idolater husband, so it is not lawful for the (Muslim) man to claim the child as his own or make him an heir. And if he has intercourse with her, it may be that what outwardly appeared to be a pregnancy dissipates and she conceives from his intercourse, in which case it would not be permissible to disown the child or to use him as a slave in service. Al-Khattabi said this in "Ma'alim al-Sunan" (3/ 224).
Note / Clarification: In some manuscripts the word (mujihhah) has been corrupted into "mujikhkhah", i.e. with the dotted "kha'" after the jim instead of the undotted "ha'". The word comes from "ajahhat al-hamil", meaning: when a pregnant woman's pregnancy becomes visible.
(2) حديث صحيح، وهذا إسناد حسن من أجل مسكين بن بُكير، وقد توبع.
Grading: This hadith is "sahih", and this chain is "hasan" because of Miskin bin Bukayr, and he has been corroborated.
وأخرجه أبو داود (2156) عن عبد الله بن محمد النُّفَيلي، بهذا الإسناد.
Reference / Source: Abu Dawud (2156) narrated it from Abd Allah bin Muhammad al-Nufayli, with this chain.
وأخرجه أحمد 36/ (21703) عن يحيى بن سعيد القطان، وأحمد 45/ (27519)، ومسلم (1441) من طريق محمد بن جعفر، ومسلم (1441) من طريق يزيد بن هارون ومن طريق أبي داود الطيالسي، أربعتهم عن شعبة، به. فاستدراك الحاكم له ذهولٌ منه.
Reference / Source: Imam Ahmad (36/ 21703) narrated it from Yahya bin Sa'id al-Qattan; Ahmad (45/ 27519) and Muslim (1441) via Muhammad bin Ja'far; and Muslim (1441) via Yazid bin Harun and via Abu Dawud al-Tayalisi. All four narrate it from Shu'bah, likewise.
Note / Clarification: Therefore al-Hakim's including it as a supplement (istidrak) is an oversight on his part.
قوله: "ألمَّ بها" أي: وَطِئها.
Note / Clarification: His (peace and blessings be upon him) words "alamma biha" mean: he had intercourse with her.
وقوله: "كيف يُورِّثه وهو لا يحل له، وكيف يستخدمه وهو لا يحل له": يريد أنَّ ذلك الحَمل قد يكون من زوجها المشرك، فلا يحلّ له استلحاقه ولا توريثه، وقد يكون منه إذا وطئها أن ينفشَّ ما كان في الظاهر حملًا وتَعلَق من وطئه، فلا يجوز نفيُه ولا استخدامه. قاله الخطابي في "معالم السنن" 3/ 224.
Note / Clarification: And his (peace and blessings be upon him) words: "How can he make him an heir when that is not lawful for him, and how can he take him as a servant when that is not lawful for him?" mean: that pregnancy may be from her idolater husband, so it is not lawful for the (Muslim) man to claim the child as his own or make him an heir. And if he has intercourse with her, it may be that what outwardly appeared to be a pregnancy dissipates and she conceives from his intercourse, in which case it would not be permissible to disown the child or to use him as a slave in service. Al-Khattabi said this in "Ma'alim al-Sunan" (3/ 224).
Source: Al-Mustadrak ala al-Sahihayn (Takhrij & Tahqiq: Shaykh Adil Murshid et al.), Page: 2825
