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مستدرکِ حاکم
Mustadrak al-Hakim
كتاب النكاح
Book of Marriage
التَّشْدِيدُ فِي الْعَدْلِ بَيْنَ النِّسَاءِ
Stern emphasis on justice between wives
Mustadrak al-Hakim — Hadith 2799
اُردوEn
أخبرنا أبو النضر محمد بن محمد بن يوسف الفقيه، حدثنا عثمان بن سعيد الدارمي، حدثنا موسى بن إسماعيل، حدثنا حمّاد بن سَلَمة، حدثنا أبو قَزَعة سُوَيد بن حُجَير الباهِلي، عن حَكيم بن معاوية القُشَيري، عن أبيه، قال: قلتُ: يا رسول الله، ما حَقُّ زوجةِ أحدِنا عليه؟ قال: "أن يُطعِمَها إذا طَعِمَ، وَيَكْسوها إذا اكتَسَى، ولا يضربَ الوجهَ، ولا يُقبِّحَ، ولا يَهجُرَ إلّا في البيت (1) " (2). صحيحُ الإسناد، ولم يُخرجاه.
[التعليق - من تلخيص الذهبي] ترقيم العلميه 2764 - صحيح
[التعليق - من تلخيص الذهبي] ترقيم العلميه 2764 - صحيح
Hakim bin Mu'awiyah al-Qushayri narrates from his father that he said: I said: "O Messenger of Allah, what is the right of the wife of one of us over him?" He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "That you feed her when you eat, clothe her when you clothe yourself, do not strike her on the face, do not revile her (that is, do not call her ugly), and do not cut off from her except within the house (that is, if you must keep apart, do so inside the house)."
The chain of this hadith is sahih (authentic), but the two Shaykhs (Bukhari and Muslim) did not record it.
The chain of this hadith is sahih (authentic), but the two Shaykhs (Bukhari and Muslim) did not record it.
Explanation & Benefits
Shaykh Adil Murshid et al.
(1) جاء في (ز) و (ص) و (ع): الثلاث، بدل: البيت، والمثبت من (ب) و"تلخيص الذهبي" ومن نسخة أشار إليها في (ص)، وكذلك رواه البيهقي في "السنن الكبرى" 7/ 305 عن أبي عبد الله الحاكم، وهو المعروف في رواية الحديث عند غير المصنف. وقد يكون المقصود بالثلاث إن صحَّ الأيامَ، يعني عدم الهجر أكثر من ثلاثة أيام، ويكون بمعنى الحديث الآخر: "لا يحل لمسلم أن يهجر فوق ثلاث"، والله تعالى أعلم.
Note / Clarification: In manuscripts (Z), (S) and ('A) the word "الثلاث" appears in place of "البيت", whereas the text we have established is taken from manuscript (B), al-Dhahabi's "Talkhis", and a manuscript referred to in (S). Likewise al-Bayhaqi narrated it in "al-Sunan al-Kubra" (7/ 305) from Abu 'Abdullah al-Hakim, and this (the word "البيت") is what is well known in the narration of the hadith by those other than the author (al-Hakim). If the word "الثلاث" is correct, it may mean "three days", i.e. not to keep up estrangement (hajr) for more than three days, and it would then have the same meaning as the other hadith: "It is not lawful for a Muslim to shun (his brother) for more than three (days)". And Allah knows best.
(2) إسناده حسن من أجل حكيم بن معاوية. ¤ ¤ وأخرجه أبو داود (2142) عن موسى بن إسماعيل، بهذا الإسناد.
Grading: The chain of this hadith is "hasan" because of "Hakim bin Mu'awiyah".
Reference / Source: And Abu Dawud (2142) narrated it from Musa bin Isma'il with this same chain.
وأخرجه أحمد 33/ (20022) عن عفان بن مسلم، عن حماد بن سلمة، به.
Reference / Source: Ahmad (33/ 20022) narrated it likewise from 'Affan bin Muslim, from Hammad bin Salamah.
وأخرجه أحمد (20011) و (20013)، وابن ماجه (1850)، والنسائي (9126) و (9136)، و (11038)، وابن حبان (4175) من طرق عن أبي قزعة سويد بن حُجير، به.
Reference / Source: Ahmad (20011, 20013), Ibn Majah (1850), al-Nasa'i (9126, 9136, 11038) and Ibn Hibban (4175) narrated it likewise through various routes from Abu Qaza'ah Suwayd bin Hujayr.
وأخرجه أبو داود (2144)، والنسائي (9106) من طريق داود الورّاق، عن سعيد بن حكيم بن معاوية، عن أبيه، به. وداود روى عنه جمع، لكن لم يؤثر توثيقه عن أحد، ولم يروه عن سعيد بن حكيم غيره، والمعروف أنه من رواية أبي قزعة، والله أعلم.
Reference / Source: Abu Dawud (2144) and al-Nasa'i (9106) narrated it likewise through the route of Dawud al-Warraq, from Sa'id bin Hakim bin Mu'awiyah, from his father.
Technical note / Defect ('illah): A group narrated from Dawud, but no declaration of his trustworthiness is reported from anyone, and no one other than him narrated this from Sa'id bin Hakim. What is well known is that it is from the narration of "Abu Qaza'ah". And Allah knows best.
قوله: "ولا يُقبِّح" معناه: لا يقول: قبَّح الله وجهك، كما جاء مفسَّرًا في حديث أبي هريرة الذي أخرجه أحمد 12/ (7420)، قال: قال رسول الله ﷺ: "إذا ضرب أحدُكم فليجتنب الوجه، ولا يقل: قبّح الله وجهك ووجه من أشبه وجهك، فإنَّ الله خلق آدم على صورته". وإسناده قوي.
Note / Clarification: His (peace and blessings be upon him) words: "ولا يقبح" mean: he should not say "May Allah make your face ugly" (qabbaha Allahu wajhak), as this meaning comes explained in the hadith of Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) recorded by Ahmad (12/ 7420), who said that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "When one of you strikes, let him avoid the face, and let him not say: May Allah make your face ugly and the face of whoever resembles your face, for Allah created Adam (peace be upon him) in His image." The chain of this hadith is "qawi".
Note / Clarification: In manuscripts (Z), (S) and ('A) the word "الثلاث" appears in place of "البيت", whereas the text we have established is taken from manuscript (B), al-Dhahabi's "Talkhis", and a manuscript referred to in (S). Likewise al-Bayhaqi narrated it in "al-Sunan al-Kubra" (7/ 305) from Abu 'Abdullah al-Hakim, and this (the word "البيت") is what is well known in the narration of the hadith by those other than the author (al-Hakim). If the word "الثلاث" is correct, it may mean "three days", i.e. not to keep up estrangement (hajr) for more than three days, and it would then have the same meaning as the other hadith: "It is not lawful for a Muslim to shun (his brother) for more than three (days)". And Allah knows best.
(2) إسناده حسن من أجل حكيم بن معاوية. ¤ ¤ وأخرجه أبو داود (2142) عن موسى بن إسماعيل، بهذا الإسناد.
Grading: The chain of this hadith is "hasan" because of "Hakim bin Mu'awiyah".
Reference / Source: And Abu Dawud (2142) narrated it from Musa bin Isma'il with this same chain.
وأخرجه أحمد 33/ (20022) عن عفان بن مسلم، عن حماد بن سلمة، به.
Reference / Source: Ahmad (33/ 20022) narrated it likewise from 'Affan bin Muslim, from Hammad bin Salamah.
وأخرجه أحمد (20011) و (20013)، وابن ماجه (1850)، والنسائي (9126) و (9136)، و (11038)، وابن حبان (4175) من طرق عن أبي قزعة سويد بن حُجير، به.
Reference / Source: Ahmad (20011, 20013), Ibn Majah (1850), al-Nasa'i (9126, 9136, 11038) and Ibn Hibban (4175) narrated it likewise through various routes from Abu Qaza'ah Suwayd bin Hujayr.
وأخرجه أبو داود (2144)، والنسائي (9106) من طريق داود الورّاق، عن سعيد بن حكيم بن معاوية، عن أبيه، به. وداود روى عنه جمع، لكن لم يؤثر توثيقه عن أحد، ولم يروه عن سعيد بن حكيم غيره، والمعروف أنه من رواية أبي قزعة، والله أعلم.
Reference / Source: Abu Dawud (2144) and al-Nasa'i (9106) narrated it likewise through the route of Dawud al-Warraq, from Sa'id bin Hakim bin Mu'awiyah, from his father.
Technical note / Defect ('illah): A group narrated from Dawud, but no declaration of his trustworthiness is reported from anyone, and no one other than him narrated this from Sa'id bin Hakim. What is well known is that it is from the narration of "Abu Qaza'ah". And Allah knows best.
قوله: "ولا يُقبِّح" معناه: لا يقول: قبَّح الله وجهك، كما جاء مفسَّرًا في حديث أبي هريرة الذي أخرجه أحمد 12/ (7420)، قال: قال رسول الله ﷺ: "إذا ضرب أحدُكم فليجتنب الوجه، ولا يقل: قبّح الله وجهك ووجه من أشبه وجهك، فإنَّ الله خلق آدم على صورته". وإسناده قوي.
Note / Clarification: His (peace and blessings be upon him) words: "ولا يقبح" mean: he should not say "May Allah make your face ugly" (qabbaha Allahu wajhak), as this meaning comes explained in the hadith of Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) recorded by Ahmad (12/ 7420), who said that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "When one of you strikes, let him avoid the face, and let him not say: May Allah make your face ugly and the face of whoever resembles your face, for Allah created Adam (peace be upon him) in His image." The chain of this hadith is "qawi".
Source: Al-Mustadrak ala al-Sahihayn (Takhrij & Tahqiq: Shaykh Adil Murshid et al.), Page: 2799
