Musnad Ahmad

It is narrated from Sayyiduna Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) that I performed the solar eclipse prayer with the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him), but I did not hear a single letter of the Qur'an from him recited aloud during it.

It is narrated from Sayyiduna Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Refrain from attributing any statement to me except that of which you are certain, for whoever attributes a false statement to me should prepare his abode in the Hellfire."

It is narrated from Sayyiduna Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) that when the time of the Prophet’s (peace and blessings be upon him) passing drew near, he (peace be upon him) said: “Bring me a shoulder blade so that I may write something for you after which none of you will ever differ.” The people remained engaged in their talk and noise, and a woman said: Woe to you, the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) is making a bequest.

It is narrated from Sayyiduna Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "There is healing in the urine and milk of the she-camel for those people who are afflicted with stomach illness and whose digestive system is disturbed."

It is narrated from Sayyiduna Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "May Allah curse the Jews, for fat was made unlawful for them, but they melted it and turned it into oil and began to sell it. Whenever Allah prohibits the consumption of something, He also prohibits its price."

Sayyiduna Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) narrates that once I came to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) with my father. At that time, there was a man present with the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) with whom he was whispering. It seemed as if the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) did not pay any attention to my father. When we left from there, my father said to me: "Son! Did you see your cousin, how he did not pay any attention to us?" I said: "Father! There was a man with him with whom he was whispering." We then returned to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him). My father said: "O Messenger of Allah! I said such a thing to Abdullah, and he told me that there was a man with you who was whispering to you. Was there really someone with you?" The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Abdullah! Did you really see him?" I replied: "Yes!" He said: "That was Jibreel, and for that reason I was not able to pay attention to you."

It is narrated from Sayyiduna Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) resided in Makkah Mukarramah for fifteen years: seven or eight years in such a way that he would see light and hear voices, and seven or eight years in such a way that revelation would descend upon him, and he resided in Madinah Munawwarah for ten years.

It is narrated from Sayyiduna Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "The effect of the evil eye is real, and it can bring down even the one who shaves his head."

It is narrated from Sayyiduna Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "The best companions for a journey are four people, the best detachment consists of four hundred individuals, the best army consists of four thousand soldiers, and a group of twelve thousand cannot be overcome due to being few in number."

Hazrat Salim (may Allah have mercy on him) says that once a man came to Sayyiduna Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) and said: O Ibn Abbas! Tell me about the person who has intentionally killed a Muslim? He replied: His punishment is Hell, in which he will abide forever, upon him will be Allah’s wrath and His curse, and Allah has prepared for him a great punishment. The questioner asked: What if he repents, believes, does good deeds, and remains on the path of guidance? He replied: Woe to you, how will he be granted the ability to repent? While the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) has said: “The murdered person will be brought in such a state that he will be holding the killer with one hand and his own head with the other, and blood will be flowing from his wounds, and he will come before the Throne and say: O Lord! Ask him for what sin he killed me?” Benefit: This is the opinion of Sayyiduna Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both), the majority of the Ummah agree that if the killer, after repenting, adorns himself with faith and righteous deeds, then his repentance is accepted. In the case of fulfilling the rights of people or punishment, in any case, due to the blessing of the Kalimah, he will be saved from Hell.

Yazid bin Asam, may Allah have mercy on him, says that once a man invited us. He brought thirteen lizards and presented them on the dining mat. It was evening; some people ate from it and some abstained. When morning came, we went to Sayyiduna Ibn Abbas, may Allah be pleased with them both. I asked him about the lizard. His companions began to speak loudly, to the extent that some people even said that the Prophet (ﷺ) said: "I eat it and I do not declare it unlawful." Upon this, Sayyiduna Ibn Abbas, may Allah be pleased with them both, said: You have spoken incorrectly. The Prophet (ﷺ) was sent only to clarify what is lawful and unlawful. Then he said: In fact, the Prophet (ﷺ) was once at the house of Umm al-Mu'mineen Sayyida Maymunah, may Allah be pleased with her. There were also Sayyiduna Fadl bin Abbas, Sayyiduna Khalid bin Walid, may Allah be pleased with them, and a woman present. A dining mat was presented before the Prophet (ﷺ) on which there was bread and lizard meat. When the Prophet (ﷺ) intended to eat from it, Sayyida Maymunah, may Allah be pleased with her, said: O Messenger of Allah! This is lizard meat. Upon hearing this, the Prophet (ﷺ) withdrew his hand and said: "This is such meat that I do not eat, but you may eat it." So Sayyiduna Fadl, Khalid bin Walid, may Allah be pleased with them, and that woman ate from it, and Sayyida Maymunah, may Allah be pleased with her, said: Whatever food the Prophet (ﷺ) does not eat, I also do not eat.

Yazid bin Hurmaz says: Once Najdah bin Amir wrote a letter to Sayyiduna Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them) and asked: Who are the close relatives who have a share? When does the term "orphan" cease to apply to an orphan? If a woman and a slave are present at the time of distribution of spoils, what is the ruling? And what is the ruling on killing the children of the polytheists? Sayyiduna Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them) replied: By Allah! If I did not have to save him from the evil in which he could be involved, I would never have pleased him by replying. He wrote in response: You asked me about the share of those close relatives whom Allah has mentioned—who are they? In our opinion, they are the close relatives of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), but our people refused to accept this. You asked about the orphan—when does the term "orphan" cease to apply to him? Remember! When he reaches puberty and his understanding becomes apparent, then his wealth should be given to him, for now his orphanhood has ended. You also asked whether the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) ever killed any child of the polytheists? Remember! The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) did not kill any of their children, and you should not kill anyone either. However, if you come to know about a child in the same way as Khidr (peace be upon him) came to know about the child whom he killed, then that is a different matter (and this is not possible for you). You also asked if a woman and a slave participate in battle, is their share in the spoils of war fixed? Their share is not fixed, but they should be given something from the spoils of war.

It is narrated from Sayyiduna Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) that when the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) reached Makkah with his noble companions (may Allah be pleased with them) on the occasion of ‘Umrat al-Qada’, they had become weak due to the fever of Madinah. The polytheists began to mock, saying, “A people are coming to you whom the fever of Yathrib has made feeble.” Allah informed the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) of their words. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) then ordered the companions to perform raml (brisk walking). The polytheists were sitting at the corner of the Black Stone, watching the Muslims. When the Muslims began to perform raml and walk between the Yemeni Corner and the Black Stone, the polytheists began to say among themselves, “Are these the same people about whom you thought that the fever of Yathrib had made them weak? They seem even stronger than so-and-so.” Sayyiduna Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) says that it was to further strengthen this regret in the hearts of the polytheists that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) ordered raml in the entire circuit.

It is narrated from Sayyiduna Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) that a Bedouin presented a gift to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him). The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) gave him something in return and asked him, "Are you pleased?" He replied, "No." The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) gave him something more and asked, "Are you pleased now?" This happened three times, and on the third time, he became pleased. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said, "Seeing this, I thought that in the future I would not accept a gift from anyone except one who is a Qurayshi, or an Ansari, or a Thaqafi."

It is narrated from Sayyiduna Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) performed Umrah from Ji'ranah with his companions, and in three circuits of Tawaf he performed Ramal, and in the remaining four circuits he walked at his normal pace.

It is narrated from Sayyiduna Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "There is no one among the children of Adam except Prophet Yahya (peace be upon him) who has not made a mistake, that is, committed a sin, or intended to commit a sin."

It is narrated from Sayyiduna Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "The lightest punishment among the people of Hell will be for Abu Talib; he will be wearing two sandals of fire from which his brain will boil like a cauldron."

It is narrated from Sayyiduna Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) that when the command regarding the prohibition of wine was revealed, the noble Companions (may Allah be pleased with them) said: O Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him)! What will happen to our brothers who passed away before this prohibition and used to drink it? Upon this, the following verse was revealed: « ﴿لَيْسَ عَلَى الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا وَعَمِلُوا الصَّالِحَاتِ جُنَاحٌ فِيمَا طَعِمُوا﴾ [المائدة : 93]» "There is no blame upon those who believe and do righteous deeds for what they consumed (or drank) before." And when the command regarding the change of Qiblah was revealed, the people said: O Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him)! What will become of our companions who used to pray facing Bayt al-Maqdis and passed away in that state? Upon this, the following verse was revealed: «﴿وَمَا كَانَ اللّٰهُ لِيُضِيعَ إِيمَانَكُمْ﴾ [البقرة : 143]» "Allah is not one to waste your prayers."

Abu Nadrah (may Allah have mercy on him) says that once, while delivering a sermon from the pulpit of the central mosque of Basra, Sayyiduna Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) said that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: “Every prophet had at least one supplication that was certainly fulfilled for him in this world, but I have reserved my supplication for intercession for my Ummah on the Day of Resurrection. I will be the leader of all the children of Adam on the Day of Resurrection, and I do not boast about it. I will be the first person for whom the earth will be split open, and I do not boast about it. The banner of praise (Liwa’ al-Hamd) will be in my hand, and I do not boast about it. Adam (peace be upon him) and everyone else will be under my banner, and I do not boast about it.

The Day of Resurrection will seem very long to the people. They will say to one another, ‘Come, let us go to Adam (peace be upon him), he is the father of mankind, so that he may intercede for us before our Lord so that He may begin our reckoning.’ So all the people will come to Adam (peace be upon him) and say, ‘O Adam! Are you not the one whom Allah created with His own blessed hand, settled in His Paradise, commanded His angels to prostrate to you? Intercede for us before your Lord so that He may begin our reckoning.’ He will say, ‘I am not fit for this task. Because of one mistake, I was expelled from Paradise. Today, I am only concerned about myself. However, go to Noah (peace be upon him), who is the root of all the prophets.’

So all creation and all mankind will come to Noah (peace be upon him) and say, ‘O Noah! Intercede for us before our Lord so that He may begin our reckoning.’ He will say, ‘I am not fit for this task. I made a supplication because of which the people of the earth were drowned. Today, I am only concerned about myself. However, go to Khalilullah, Ibrahim (peace be upon him).’

So all the people will come to Ibrahim (peace be upon him) and say, ‘O Ibrahim! Intercede for us before our Lord so that He may begin our reckoning.’ He will say, ‘I am not fit for this task. During the time of Islam, I spoke three ambiguous words, by Allah, I only intended the religion (by them): (one was when he said he was sick, the second was when he said that their big idol had broken the others, and the third was when he called his wife his sister before the king). Today, I am only concerned about myself. However, go to Musa (peace be upon him), whom Allah chose for His message and to speak to Him.’

Now all the people will come to Musa (peace be upon him) and say, ‘O Musa! Are you not the one whom Allah chose for His message and spoke to directly? Intercede for us before your Lord so that He may begin our reckoning.’ He will say, ‘I am not fit for this task. I killed a person without any soul being taken in exchange. Therefore, today I am only concerned about myself. However, go to Isa (peace be upon him), who is the Spirit of Allah and His Word.’

So all the people will come to Isa (peace be upon him) and say, ‘Intercede for us before your Lord so that He may begin our reckoning.’ He will say, ‘I am not fit for this task. People took me as a deity besides Allah. Therefore, today I am only concerned about myself. But tell me, if something is in a vessel that is sealed, can it be obtained without breaking the seal?’ The people will say, ‘No.’ Upon this, Isa (peace be upon him) will say, ‘Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him) is the seal of all the prophets. Today, he is present here, and all his past and future sins have been forgiven (so go to him).’”

The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: “Then they will all come to me and say, ‘O Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him)! Intercede for us before your Lord so that He may begin our reckoning.’ The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) will say: ‘Yes! I am fit for this task, until Allah permits whomever He wills and is pleased with.’ When Allah intends to decide among His creation, a caller will announce, ‘Where is Ahmad (peace and blessings be upon him) and his Ummah?’ We came last but will be first. We are the last Ummah, but our reckoning will be the first, and all the other nations will make way for us, and we will proceed with radiant foreheads due to the effects of ablution. The other nations, seeing this, will say, ‘All the people of this Ummah seem to be prophets.’

Anyway, I will reach the gate of Paradise and take hold of its ring and knock. From inside, it will be asked, ‘Who are you?’ I will say, ‘I am Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him).’ So the door will be opened. I will present myself before my Lord, Who will be seated on His Throne. I will fall in prostration before Him and praise Him in such a way that no one before me has praised Him like that, nor will anyone after me. Then it will be said to me, ‘O Muhammad! Raise your head, ask and you will be given, speak and you will be heard, intercede and your intercession will be accepted.’ I will raise my head and say, ‘My Lord! My Ummah, my Ummah.’ It will be said, ‘Whoever has faith in his heart equal to a certain weight (the narrator could not remember the exact amount), take him out of Hell.’ After doing so, I will return again and prostrate before Allah and praise Him as before, and after the same question and answer, it will be said to me, ‘Whoever has faith in his heart equal to a lesser weight than before, take him out of Hell.’ The third time, it will be the same.”

The previous hadith is also narrated from Sayyiduna Anas (may Allah be pleased with him) through this second chain, however, the difference is that here, in the first instance, faith equal to a barley grain is mentioned, in the second instance, faith equal to a wheat grain is mentioned, and in the third instance, faith equal to a particle is mentioned.

It is narrated from Sayyiduna Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Once Jibreel (peace be upon him) said to me that love for prayer has been granted to you, so observe it as much as you wish."

It is narrated from Sayyiduna Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) that two men brought their dispute to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him). The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) asked the claimant for witnesses, but he had no witnesses. Therefore, the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) demanded an oath from the defendant. He swore, "By Allah, besides whom there is no deity, I do not have anything." Meanwhile, Hazrat Jibreel (peace be upon him) came and said, "This person is lying; he does have the right of the other. Therefore, order him to give that right, and the expiation for his false oath is the recognition and testimony of 'La ilaha illallah' (There is no god but Allah)."

It is narrated from Sayyidah Aisha (may Allah be pleased with her) and Sayyiduna Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) stayed in Makkah Mukarramah for ten years during which the Qur'an was being revealed to him, and he also stayed in Madinah Munawwarah for ten years.

It is narrated from Sayyiduna Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "I have seen Jesus, Moses, and Abraham (peace be upon them). Jesus (peace be upon him) is a man of reddish-white complexion, with curly hair and a broad chest, and Moses (peace be upon him) is strong and healthy in body." The companions (may Allah be pleased with them) asked, "What about Abraham (peace be upon him)?" He replied: "Look at your Prophet."

It is narrated from Sayyiduna Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "A good path, good character, and moderation are one twenty-fifth part of the parts of Prophethood."

The previous hadith is also narrated through this second chain of transmission.

It is narrated from Sayyiduna Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with both of them) that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) offered five prayers in Mina.

It is narrated from Sayyiduna Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) that on the 8th of Dhul-Hijjah, the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) performed the Zuhr prayer, and on the 9th of Dhul-Hijjah, he performed the Fajr prayer in the plain of Mina.

It is narrated from Sayyiduna Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Whoever sees something he dislikes in his ruler should be patient, for whoever separates from the congregation even by a handspan and dies in that state, dies the death of ignorance."

It is narrated from Sayyiduna Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) that once Sayyiduna Umar Farooq (may Allah be pleased with him) came to the service of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) and said: "O Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him)! I am ruined." The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) asked: "What has ruined you?" He replied: "Last night I turned my mount (approached my wife from behind in the front passage)." The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) did not give any answer to this. After a short while, Allah revealed this verse to His Prophet: «﴿نِسَاؤُكُمْ حَرْثٌ لَكُمْ فَأْتُوا حَرْثَكُمْ أَنَّى شِئْتُمْ﴾ [البقرة : 223]» "Your wives are your tilth, so come to your tilth as you wish." Whether from the front or from behind, but avoid the back passage and during menstruation.

It is narrated from Sayyiduna Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) that once the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) came to one of his daughters (his daughter's daughter, i.e., his granddaughter), who was in the throes of death. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) took her and placed her in his lap, and in that state her soul departed. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) raised his head and said, "All praise is due to Allah," and said: "There is only good for the believer, and when the soul of the believer departs from both his sides, he is praising Allah."

Sayyiduna Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) narrates that once the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) passed by some people of the Ansar who had caught a pigeon and were aiming at it to practice their marksmanship. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Do not tie any living creature and use it as a target."

It is narrated from Sayyiduna Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) that once the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) seated me behind him, and Qutham was seated in front of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him).

Abu Tufail says: I once asked Sayyiduna Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both), “Your people think that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) performed ramal (walking briskly) during tawaf and that it is a Sunnah?” He replied, “These people say some things correctly and some things incorrectly.” I asked, “What is correct and what is incorrect?” He said, “The correct thing is that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) did perform ramal while circumambulating the House of Allah, but to consider it a Sunnah is incorrect. The reason is that during the Treaty of Hudaybiyyah, the Quraysh said, ‘Leave Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him) and his companions (may Allah be pleased with them) alone, so that they may perish just as a camel dies when a worm comes out of its nose.’ When they made peace with the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) on the condition, among other conditions, that he and his companions could come to Makkah the following year and stay for three days, the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) came the next year. The polytheists were sitting towards Mount Qaiqan. Seeing them, the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) ordered the companions to perform ramal in three circuits. This is not a Sunnah.”

I asked, “Your people also think that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) performed sa’i between Safa and Marwah while riding a camel and that this is a Sunnah?” Sayyiduna Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) replied, “These people say some things correctly and some things incorrectly.” I asked, “What is correct and what is incorrect?” He said, “It is correct that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) performed sa’i while riding a camel, but to consider it a Sunnah is incorrect. In reality, people would not move away from the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), nor could they be moved away, so the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) performed sa’i on a camel so that people could hear his words and their hands would not reach him.”

I asked, “Your people also think that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) performed sa’i between Safa and Marwah and that performing sa’i is a Sunnah?” He replied, “They speak the truth. When Prophet Ibrahim (peace be upon him) was commanded to perform the rites of Hajj, Satan appeared before him near the place of sa’i and tried to compete with him, but Prophet Ibrahim (peace be upon him) moved ahead. Then Jibreel (peace be upon him) took him towards Jamrah Aqabah, and on the way, Satan appeared before him again. Prophet Ibrahim (peace be upon him) threw seven pebbles at him, and he went away. Near the middle Jamrah, he appeared again, and Prophet Ibrahim (peace be upon him) again threw seven pebbles at him. This is the place where Prophet Ibrahim (peace be upon him) laid Prophet Ismail (peace be upon him) down on his forehead. At that time, Prophet Ismail (peace be upon him) was wearing a white shirt. He said, ‘Father! I have no other clothes except these in which you can shroud me, so please remove these clothes from my body so that you can use them as my shroud.’ When Prophet Ibrahim (peace be upon him) moved forward to remove his clothes, a voice called out from behind, ‘O Ibrahim! You have fulfilled your dream.’ Prophet Ibrahim (peace be upon him) turned around and saw a white ram with horns and large eyes standing there. Sayyiduna Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) says, ‘We have seen ourselves searching for the marks of that blow.’ Then Jibreel (peace be upon him) took him towards the last Jamrah, and on the way, Satan appeared again. Prophet Ibrahim (peace be upon him) again threw seven pebbles at him until he went away. Then Jibreel (peace be upon him) brought him to the plain of Mina and said, ‘This is Mina.’ Then he brought him to Muzdalifah and said, ‘This is Mash’ar al-Haram.’ Then he brought him to Arafat. Do you know why it is called ‘Arafah’?” I said, “No.” He said, “When Jibreel (peace be upon him) brought Prophet Ibrahim (peace be upon him) here, he asked, ‘Do you recognize (this place)?’ He replied, ‘Yes!’ Sayyiduna Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) says, ‘From here, this place was named Arafah.’ Then he said, ‘Do you know how the talbiyah (Labbaik) began?’ I asked, ‘How?’ He said, ‘When Prophet Ibrahim (peace be upon him) was commanded to proclaim Hajj among the people, the mountains lowered their heads before him, and the settlements were raised up and presented before him, and Prophet Ibrahim (peace be upon him) announced Hajj among the people.’”

The previous hadith is also narrated through this second chain of transmission.

It is narrated from Sayyiduna Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) used to teach him this supplication just as he would teach a surah from the Noble Qur'an, and he would say: "Say like this: «اَللّٰهُمَّ إِنِّي أَعُوذُ بِكَ مِنْ عَذَابِ جَهَنَّمَ وَأَعُوذُ بِكَ مِنْ عَذَابِ الْقَبْرِ وَأَعُوذُ بِكَ مِنْ فِتْنَةِ الْمَسِيحِ الدَّجَّالِ وَأَعُوذُ بِكَ مِنْ فِتْنَةِ الْمَحْيَا وَالْمَمَاتِ» 'O Allah! I seek refuge in You from the punishment of Hell, from the punishment of the grave, from the trial of the False Messiah (Dajjal), and from the trials of life and death.'"

It is narrated from Sayyiduna Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) that when the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) would wake up in the middle of the night to pray, he would recite this supplication: «اَللّٰهُمَّ لَكَ الْحَمْدُ أَنْتَ نُورُ السَّمَوَاتِ وَالْأَرْضِ وَلَكَ الْحَمْدُ أَنْتَ قَيَّامُ السَّمَوَاتِ وَالْأَرْضِ وَلَكَ الْحَمْدُ أَنْتَ رَبُّ السَّمَوَاتِ وَالْأَرْضِ وَمَنْ فِيهِنَّ أَنْتَ الْحَقُّ وَقَوْلُكَ الْحَقُّ وَوَعْدُكَ الْحَقُّ وَلِقَاؤُكَ حَقٌّ وَالْجَنَّةُ حَقٌّ وَالنَّارُ حَقٌّ وَالسَّاعَةُ حَقٌّ اَللّٰهُمَّ لَكَ أَسْلَمْتُ وَبِكَ آمَنْتُ وَعَلَيْكَ تَوَكَّلْتُ وَإِلَيْكَ أَنَبْتُ وَبِكَ خَاصَمْتُ وَإِلَيْكَ حَاكَمْتُ فَاغْفِرْ لِي مَا قَدَّمْتُ وَمَا أَخَّرْتُ وَمَا أَسْرَرْتُ وَأَعْلَنْتُ أَنْتَ الَّذِي لَا إِلٰهَ إِلَّا أَنْتَ» "O Allah! All praise is for You, You are the Light of the heavens and the earth, and all praise is for You, You are the Sustainer of the heavens and the earth, and all praise is for You, You are the Lord of the heavens and the earth and all that is within them. You are the Truth, Your word is the truth, Your promise is the truth, meeting You is the truth, Paradise is the truth, Hell is the truth, and the Hour is the truth. O Allah! I submit to You, I believe in You, I rely upon You, I turn to You, I argue by Your power, and I make You my judge. So forgive me my past and future sins, those I have done in secret and those I have done openly. You are the One besides whom there is no deity."

It is narrated from Sayyiduna Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) that once during the Prophetic era, there was a solar eclipse. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) led the people in prayer. In this prayer, the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) stood for a long time, probably as long as it takes to recite Surah Al-Baqarah. Then he performed a long bowing (ruku‘), then after raising his head from ruku‘, he stood for a long time, but this standing was shorter than the first. Then he performed a long ruku‘, which was also shorter than the previous ruku‘. Then after prostrating, he stood up and in the second rak‘ah also stood for a long time, which was shorter than the first rak‘ah. Then he performed a long ruku‘, but that too was somewhat shorter. After raising his head from ruku‘, he again stood and bowed as before, then prostrated, and after saying salam, he finished the prayer. When the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) finished the prayer, the solar eclipse had ended. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: “The sun and the moon are two signs among the signs of Allah. They are not eclipsed due to anyone’s death or life. Therefore, when you see such a situation, remember Allah.” The Companions (may Allah be pleased with them) said: O Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him)! We felt as if you tried to grasp something while standing in your place, then you stepped back? He said: “I saw Paradise and I tried to take a bunch of its grapes. If I had taken it, you would have eaten from it as long as the world remained. And I also saw Hell. I have never seen a scene more terrifying than what I saw today, and I saw that the majority of its inhabitants were women.” The Companions (may Allah be pleased with them) asked the reason for this, so the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: “Because of their ingratitude.” The Companions (may Allah be pleased with them) asked: Do they disbelieve in Allah? He said: “(That is not what is meant, rather what is meant is that) they are ungrateful to their husbands and do not acknowledge favors. If you do good to one of them all your life and then she sees something in you that displeases her, she will immediately say: ‘I have never seen any good from you.’”

Once Marwan said to his doorkeeper: O Rafi! Go to Abdullah bin Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them) and ask him, "If each of us—who rejoices over the blessings he receives and wishes to be praised for deeds he has not done—will be punished, then will we all be afflicted with punishment?" Abdullah bin Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them) replied, "What connection do you have with this verse? This verse was revealed concerning the People of the Book." Then Abdullah bin Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them) recited this verse: « ﴿وَإِذْ أَخَذَ اللّٰهُ مِيثَاقَ الَّذِينَ أُوتُوا الْكِتَابَ لَتُبَيِّنُنَّهُ لِلنَّاسِ﴾ [آل عمران : 187]» "And [mention] when Allah took a covenant from those who were given the Scripture, [saying], 'You must make it clear to the people and not conceal it.'" Then he recited this verse: «﴿لَا تَحْسَبَنَّ الَّذِينَ يَفْرَحُونَ بِمَا أَتَوْا وَيُحِبُّونَ أَنْ يُحْمَدُوا بِمَا لَمْ يَفْعَلُوا فَلَا تَحْسَبَنَّهُمْ . . . . .﴾ [آل عمران : 188]» "Those who rejoice for what they have done and love to be praised for what they did not do, do not think they will escape the punishment..." And he said that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) had asked the People of the Book about something, but they concealed it from the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) and told others. When they left the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), they thought they had answered his question and wanted to be praised for it, and they boasted that they had carefully concealed what the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) had asked them.

It is narrated from Sayyiduna Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: “The first to deny something out of forgetfulness and unawareness was Adam (peace be upon him), and its detail is as follows: When Allah Almighty created Adam (peace be upon him), after some time He passed His hand over his back and brought forth all his progeny that would be born until the Day of Resurrection, and began to present his offspring before him. Adam (peace be upon him) saw among them a man whose complexion was radiant. He asked: ‘O Lord! Who is this?’ Allah said: ‘This is your son Dawud (David).’ He asked: ‘O Lord! How long is his lifespan?’ Allah said: ‘Sixty years.’ He said: ‘O Lord! Increase his lifespan.’ Allah said: ‘This cannot be, but it is possible that I reduce some years from your lifespan and add them to his.’ The lifespan of Adam (peace be upon him) was one thousand years. Allah took forty years from it and added forty years to the lifespan of Dawud (peace be upon him), and wrote down this matter and made the angels witnesses to it.

When the time of Adam’s (peace be upon him) death approached and the angels came to seize his soul, Adam (peace be upon him) said: ‘But I still have forty years of life remaining?’ It was said to him: ‘You have already given those forty years to your son Dawud.’ But he said: ‘I did not do so.’ Thereupon, Allah presented that written document before him and the angels bore witness to it. Thus, the lifespan of Dawud (peace be upon him) became a full hundred years, and the lifespan of Adam (peace be upon him) became a full thousand years.”