المطالب العالية بزوائد المسانيد الثمانية
Al-Matalib al-'Aliyah
كتاب البيوع
Book of Sales
بَابُ التَّرْهِيبِ مِنْ سوء التقاضي وَمَنْ المطل
Warning against harshness in claiming debts and against delaying payment
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الْحَارِثُ 1436 : حَدَّثَنَا دَاوُدُ بْنُ الْمُحَبَّرِ ، ثَنَا مَيْسَرَةُ بْنُ عَبْدِ رَبِّهِ ، عَنْ أَبِي عَائِشَةَ السَّعْدِيِّ ، عَنْ يَزِيدَ بْنِ عُمَرَ ، عَنْ أَبِي سَلَمَةَ بْنِ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ ، عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ وَابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ - رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُمْ - قَالَا : خَطَبَنَا رَسُولُ اللهِ - صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - ... فَذَكَرَ حَدِيثًا طَوِيلًا ، فِيهِ : وَمَنْ عَسَّرَ أَخَاهُ الْمُسْلِمَ نَزَعَ اللهُ مِنْهُ رِزْقَهُ ، وَأَفْسَدَ عَلَيْهِ مَعِيشَتَهُ ، وَوَكَلَهُ إِلَى نَفْسِهِ . وَمَنْ ضَارَّ مُسْلِمًا فَلَيْسَ مِنَّا وَلَسْتُ مِنْهُ فِي الدُّنْيَا وَالْآخِرَةِ ، وَمَنْ مَطَلَ طَالِبَهُ وَهُوَ يَقْدِرُ عَلَى قَضَائِهِ فَعَلَيْهِ خَطِيئَةُ عَشَّارٍ . فَقَامَ إِلَيْهِ عَوْفُ بْنُ مَالِكٍ الْأَشْجَعِيُّ ، فَقَالَ : وَمَا خَطِيئَةُ عَشَّارٍ ؟ فَقَالَ : قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - : خَطِيئَةُ الْعَشَّارِ أَنَّ عَلَيْهِ فِي كُلِّ يَوْمٍ لَعْنَةَ اللهِ وَالْمَلَائِكَةِ وَالنَّاسِ أَجْمَعِينَ ، وَمَنْ يَلْعَنِ اللهُ فَلَنْ تَجِدَ لَهُ نَصِيرًا .
هَذَا حَدِيثٌ مَوْضُوعٌ .
هَذَا حَدِيثٌ مَوْضُوعٌ .
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Abu Hurayrah and Sayyiduna Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them) that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) delivered a sermon to us; then the narrator mentioned a long hadith in which there is also this saying: "Whoever makes things difficult for his Muslim brother, Allah Almighty will take away his provision from him, ruin his livelihood and leave him to himself; and whoever harms a Muslim is not one of us, and I am free of him in this world and the Hereafter; and whoever, despite being able, puts off his creditor, upon him is a burden like the sin of a tithe-collector ('ashshar)." Sayyiduna Awf bin Malik al-Ashja'i (may Allah be pleased with him) asked: What is the sin of the tithe-collector? He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "The sin of the tithe-collector is that every day the curse of Allah Almighty, the angels and all the people is upon him; and whomever Allah removes far from His mercy, you will never find for him any helper." Clarification: This hadith is mawdu' (fabricated).
حَدَّثَنَا الْأَسْوَدُ بْنُ عَامِرٍ شَاذَانُ ، ثَنَا أَبُو هِلَالٍ ، ثَنَا بِشْرُ بْنُ نُمَيْرٍ ، عَنِ الْقَاسِمِ ، عَنْ أَبِي أُمَامَةَ - رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ - قَالَ : مَنْ دَايَنَ النَّاسَ بِدَيْنٍ يَعْلَمُ اللهُ تَعَالَى أَنَّهُ يُرِيدُ قَضَاءَهُ ، فَأَتَاهُ أَجَلُهُ دُونَ ذَلِكَ ، أَرْضَى اللهُ تَعَالَى هَذَا مِنْ حَقِّهِ وَتَجَاوَزَ عَنْهُ . وَمَنْ دَايَنَ النَّاسَ بِدَيْنٍ يَعْلَمُ اللهُ تَعَالَى أَنَّهُ لَا يُرِيدُ قَضَاءَهُ ، أَقَصَّ اللهُ مِنْهُ ، وَقَالَ : حَسِبْتَ أَنِّي لَمْ أَقْتَصَّ لَكَ مِنْهُ ! .
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Abu Umamah (may Allah be pleased with him) that he said: "Whoever takes a loan from people while Allah Almighty knows well that he firmly intends to repay it, and then death comes to him before the time of repayment arrives, Allah Almighty will satisfy him (the creditor) in exchange for his right (from His own side) and will pardon him (the debtor). And whoever takes a loan from people while Allah Almighty knows well that he does not intend to repay it, Allah Almighty will exact retribution (qisas) from him, and will say (to the creditor): 'Did you think that I would not take retribution for you from him?'"
أَبُو يَعْلَى : حَدَّثَنَا دَاوُدُ بْنُ رُشَيْدٍ ، ثَنَا الْوَلِيدُ ، عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِ مَوْلَى بَنِي أُمَيَّةَ ، عَنْ أَبِي حَازِمٍ ، وَسَعِيدٍ الْمَقْبُرِيِّ ، عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ - رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ - قَالَ : قَالَ رَجُلٌ : يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ ، عَلَيَّ حَجَّةُ الْإِسْلَامِ ، وَعَلَيَّ دَيْنٌ ؟ قَالَ - صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - : اقْضِ دَيْنَكَ .
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) that he said: A man submitted before the Messenger: "O Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him)! The (obligatory) Hajj of Islam is due upon me, while I also owe a debt?" He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Pay off your debt."
