Supplication during and after the prayer

Sayyiduna Abu Umamah (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "When the prayer is established, the gates of the sky are opened and supplication is answered. And when the one who finishes the prayer has finished it and does not say:
'Allahumma ajirni minan-nar, wa adkhilnil-jannah, wa zawwijni minal-huril-'in'
"O Allah, grant me deliverance from Hell, admit me into Paradise and marry me to the wide-eyed maidens of Paradise (hur al-'in)."
then the angels say: "Woe to him! Was he unable to seek refuge with Allah from Hell?" And Paradise says: "Woe to this person! Was he unable to ask Allah Almighty for Paradise?" And the wide-eyed maidens say: "Was this person unable to ask Allah Almighty in supplication that 'Allah Almighty marry him to the wide-eyed maidens'?"
Al-Tabarani recorded it, and it has already passed earlier in the Book of Prayer; its chain contains Muhammad bin Mihsan al-Ukkashi, who is matruk (abandoned).

Sayyiduna Abu Musa (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates: I came to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) with water for ablution. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) performed ablution, offered the prayer and then said:
'Allahumma aslih li dini, wa wassi' li fi dhati, wa barik li fi rizqi'
"O Allah, set my religion right for me, grant me ampleness in my self, and place blessing for me in my provision."
Ahmad and Abu Ya'la recorded it, and the narrators of both are the narrators of the Sahih, except for Abbad bin Abbad al-Mazini, and he is thiqah (trustworthy). Al-Tabarani recorded it in the same way.

Yahya bin Hassan al-Filastini narrates this account from a man of Banu Kinanah: In the year of the Conquest of Makkah I prayed behind the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), and I heard him make this supplication: 'Allahumma la tukhzini yawmal-qiyamah' "O Allah, do not disgrace me on the Day of Resurrection."
Ahmad recorded it, and its narrators are thiqat (trustworthy).

Zadhan narrates from one of the Ansari Companions that he heard the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) say during the prayer: 'Allahummaghfir li, wa tub 'alayya, innaka antat-tawwabul-ghafur'
"O Allah, forgive me and accept my repentance; indeed, You are the Most Accepting of repentance, the Most Forgiving."
(The narrator states:) He recited these words 100 times.
Ahmad recorded it, and its narrators are the narrators of the Sahih.

Ubayd bin al-Qa'qa' narrates: A man was closely observing the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) while the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) was praying, and during the prayer he was reciting:
'Allahummaghfir li dhanbi, wa wassi' li fi dari, wa barik li fima razaqtani'
"O Allah, forgive my sin, make my home spacious for me, and place blessing for me in the provision You grant me."
Ahmad recorded it, and I do not know the narrator named Ubayd bin al-Qa'qa'.

Sayyidah Aishah Siddiqah (may Allah be pleased with her) narrates: Once she found the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) missing from his bed. (In the dark) she felt for the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) with her hand, and her hand touched the body of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him). At that time the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) was in prostration and was reciting:
'Rabbi a'ti nafsi taqwaha, zakkiha anta khayru man zakkaha, anta waliyyuha wa mawlaha'
"O Allah, grant my soul its piety and purify it; only You can purify it; You are its Guardian and its Master."
Ahmad recorded it, and its narrators are the narrators of the Sahih, except for Salih bin Sa'id, the narrator who transmits it from Sayyidah Aishah (may Allah be pleased with her), and he is thiqah (trustworthy).

Sayyidah Aishah Siddiqah (may Allah be pleased with her) narrates: The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) used to recite this after every prayer: 'Allahumma rabba Jibrila wa Mika'ila wa Israfila, a'idhni min harrin-nari wa 'adhabil-qabr'
"O Allah, Lord of Jibril, Mika'il and Israfil, grant me refuge from the heat of Hell and from the punishment of the grave."
(Allamah al-Haythami says:) I say: Imam al-Nasa'i (may Allah have mercy on him) recorded this narration, but these words are not in it: "after every prayer."
Al-Tabarani recorded it in al-Mu'jam al-Awsat from his teacher Ali bin Sa'id al-Razi, about whom there is criticism that is not harmful; the remaining narrators of this narration are thiqat (trustworthy).

Abu al-Malih bin Usamah narrates from his father: The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) offered a prayer, and I heard him recite:
'Rabba Jibrila wa Mika'ila wa Muhammadin, ajirni minan-nar'
"O Lord of Jibril, Mika'il and Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him), save me from Hell."
Al-Bazzar recorded it, and its chain contains a narrator whom I do not know.

Sayyiduna Anas bin Malik (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates: When the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) prayed, after finishing the prayer he would place his right hand on his head and recite:
'Bismillahil-ladhi la ilaha illa huwar-rahmanur-rahim, Allahumma adhhib 'annil-hamma wal-hazan'
"In the name of Allah Almighty, seeking blessing, besides whom there is no deity; He is the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. O Allah, remove anxiety and grief from me."

In one narration the words are: "The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) would place his right hand on his forehead and then recite: 'Allahumma adhhib 'annil-hamma wal-hazan'
"O Allah, remove anxiety and grief from me."
Al-Tabarani recorded it in al-Mu'jam al-Awsat, and al-Bazzar recorded something similar through various chains. Its chain contains Zayd al-Ammi, whom more than one scholar declared trustworthy while the majority declared him da'if (weak). The remaining narrators of one of al-Tabarani's two chains are thiqat (trustworthy), and there is disagreement about some of its narrators.

Sayyiduna Anas (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates: Whenever the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) led us in an obligatory prayer, when he turned his face towards us he would recite: 'Allahumma inni a'udhu bika min kulli 'amalin yukhzini, wa a'udhu bika min sahibin yurdini, wa a'udhu bika min kulli amalin yulhini, wa a'udhu bika min kulli faqrin yunsini, wa a'udhu bika min kulli ghinan yutghini'
"O Allah, I seek refuge with You from every deed that would disgrace me; I seek refuge with You from every companion who would bring me harm; I seek refuge with You from every hope that would make me heedless; I seek refuge with You from every poverty that would make me forget; and I seek refuge with You from every affluence that would make me rebellious."
Al-Bazzar recorded it; its chain contains Bakr bin Khunays, who is matruk (abandoned), though he has been declared trustworthy.
Abu Ya'la recorded it; its chain contains Uqbah bin Abdullah al-Asamm, who is extremely da'if (weak).

Sayyiduna Anas bin Malik (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates: My place of standing was directly behind the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), between his two shoulders. When he finished the prayer with the salam, he recited this supplication: 'Allahummaj'al khayra 'umri akhirahu, Allahummaj'al khawatima 'amali ridwanaka, Allahummaj'al khiyara ayyami yawma alqak' "O Allah, make the best part of my life its last part; make the conclusion of my deeds one of Your good pleasure; and O Allah, make the best of my days the day on which I come before You."
Al-Tabarani recorded it in al-Mu'jam al-Awsat; its chain contains Abu Malik al-Nakha'i, who is da'if (weak).

Sayyiduna Abu Ayyub (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates: Whenever I prayed behind your Prophet, I heard him (peace and blessings be upon him) recite this after finishing the prayer: 'Allahummaghfir khatayaya wa dhunubi kullaha, Allahumma wa an'ishni, wajburni, wahdini bisalihil-a'mali wal-akhlaq, la yahdi lisalihiha wa la yasrifu sayyi'aha illa ant' "O Allah, forgive all my errors and sins; grant me resolve and courage, make me strong, and keep me firm upon good deeds and good character; indeed, none can guide to their good (that is, good deeds and character) or turn away their evil (that is, bad character and deeds) except You."
Al-Tabarani recorded it in al-Mu'jam al-Saghir and al-Mu'jam al-Awsat, and its chain is jayyid (good).

Sayyidah Umm Salamah (may Allah be pleased with her) narrates: The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) used to recite this after the Fajr prayer:
'Allahumma inni as'aluka rizqan tayyiban, wa 'ilman nafi'an, wa 'amalan mutaqabbalan'
"O Allah, I ask You for pure provision, beneficial knowledge and accepted deeds."
Al-Tabarani recorded it in al-Mu'jam al-Saghir, and its narrators are thiqat (trustworthy).

Sayyiduna Abu Barzah al-Aslami (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates: When the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) had offered the Fajr prayer, he would recite these words in such a loud voice that his Companions could hear him. He would recite:
'Allahumma aslih li diniyal-ladhi ja'altahu li 'ismah'
"O Allah, keep my religion right for me, which You have made a means of protection for me."
He would recite these words three times:
'Allahumma aslih li dunyayal-lati ja'alta fiha ma'ashi'
"O Allah, keep my worldly life right for me, in which You have placed my livelihood."
He would also recite these words three times:
'Allahumma a'udhu biridaka min sakhatik, wa a'udhu bika mink'
"O Allah, I seek refuge in Your good pleasure from Your displeasure, and I seek refuge with You from You."
He would recite these words three times:
'Allahumma la mani'a lima a'tayta, wa la mu'tiya lima mana'ta, wa la yanfa'u dhal-jaddi minkal-jadd'
"O Allah, there is none who can withhold what You grant, and none who can give what You withhold, and the striving of the one who strives avails nothing against You."
Al-Tabarani recorded it; its chain contains Ishaq bin Yahya bin Talhah, who is da'if (weak).

Sayyiduna Abu Musa (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates: When the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) had offered the Fajr prayer, he would recite these words in a loud voice, so that his Companions would hear them. He would recite:
'Allahumma aslih li diniyal-ladhi ja'altahu li 'ismah'
"O Allah, keep my religion right for me, which You have made a means of protection for me."
He would recite these words three times:
'Allahumma aslih li dunyayal-lati ja'alta fiha ma'ashi'
"O Allah, keep my worldly life right for me, in which You have placed my livelihood."
He would recite these words three times.
'Allahumma aslih li akhiratiyal-lati ja'alta ilayha marji'i'
"O Allah, keep my Hereafter right for me, to which You have made my return."
He would recite these words three times.
'Allahumma a'udhu biridaka min sakhatik'
"O Allah, I seek refuge in Your good pleasure from Your displeasure."
He would recite this three times.
'Allahumma a'udhu bi'afwika min 'uqubatik'
"O Allah, I seek refuge in Your pardon from Your punishment."
He would recite this three times.
'Allahumma la mani'a lima a'tayta, wa la mu'tiya lima mana'ta, wa la yanfa'u dhal-jaddi minkal-jadd'
"O Allah, there is none who can withhold what You grant, and none who can give what You withhold, and the striving of anyone who strives avails nothing against You."
Al-Tabarani recorded it in al-Mu'jam al-Awsat; its chain contains Yahya bin Ishaq bin Talhah, who is da'if (weak).

Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) narrates: Sayyiduna Qabisah bin al-Mukhariq al-Hilali (may Allah be pleased with him) came to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) and greeted him with salam. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) returned his greeting and welcomed him, then he asked him: "O Qabisah, why have you come?" He said: "O Messenger of Allah, I have grown old, my skin has become weak, my strength has diminished, I have become weak for my family, and now I cannot do many of the things I used to do. So teach me some words through which Allah Almighty will benefit me, and let them be brief." The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "O Qabisah, when you have offered the Fajr prayer, recite these words three times: 'Subhan Allahi wa bihamdihi, Subhan Allahil-'azimi wa bihamdihi, wa la hawla wa la quwwata illa billah' (Allah is free of every imperfection and to Him alone belongs all praise; Allah, the Magnificent, is free of every imperfection and to Him alone belongs all praise; and nothing can happen without the help of Allah Almighty)."
(The Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, said:) "When you recite these words, you will be safe, by the command of Allah, from blindness, leprosy and vitiligo. And also recite: 'Allahummahdini min 'indik, wa afid 'alayya min fadlik, wanshur 'alayya min rahmatik, wa anzil 'alayya min barakatik' (O Allah, keep me firm upon guidance from Yourself, pour Your bounty upon me, spread Your mercy over me, and send down Your blessings upon me)."
The narrator states: The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) was reciting these words while Sayyiduna Qabisah (may Allah be pleased with him) was counting them on his fingers.
Al-Tabarani recorded it; its chain contains Nafi' Abu Hurmuz, who is da'if (weak).

Sayyiduna Abu Umamah (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates: I heard the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) say: "Indeed, a man stands in prayer and makes a supplication, and he is forgiven, along with the Muslims who are behind him."
Al-Tabarani recorded it; its chain contains Ufayr bin Ma'dan, who is da'if (weak).

Sayyiduna Abu Umamah (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates this saying of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him): "Whoever supplicates with these words after every obligatory prayer, my intercession will become due for him on the Day of Resurrection:
'Allahumma a'ti Muhammadanil-wasilah, waj'alhu fil-mustafayna mahabbatahu, wa fil-'alamina darajatahu, wa fil-muqarrabina darahu' "O Allah, grant Sayyiduna Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him) the Wasilah, place love for him among the chosen servants, his rank among the worlds, and his abode among those brought near."
Al-Tabarani recorded it; its chain contains Mutarrih bin Yazid, who is da'if (weak).

Sayyiduna Abu Umamah (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates: Whenever I came close to your Prophet (peace be upon him) in any obligatory or voluntary prayer, I heard him (peace and blessings be upon him) supplicate with these words; he would neither add anything to them nor leave anything out of them:
'Allahummaghfir li dhunubi wa khatayaya kullaha, Allahumma an'ishni, wajburni, wahdini lisalihil-a'mali wal-akhlaq, fa innahu la yahdi lisalihiha, wa la yasrifu sayyi'aha illa ant'
"O Allah, forgive all my sins and errors. O Allah, grant me resolve and courage, keep me strong, and keep me firm upon good deeds and good character, for none can guide to good character or turn away from bad character except You."
Al-Tabarani recorded it, and its narrators are the narrators of the Sahih, except for the narrator named al-Zubayr bin Khurayq, and he is thiqah (trustworthy).
(Allamah al-Haythami says:) I say: Some hadiths related to this subject will come in the chapter on supplications.