Going out to the open ground for Eid

It is reported about Sayyiduna Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) that he said: On the two Eids, going out to an open area (to offer the Eid prayer) is the Sunnah.
Al-Tabarani recorded it in al-Mu'jam al-Awsat; its chain contains a narrator, al-Harith, and he is da'if (weak).

In a narration from him it is also reported that he said: The Sunnah is that the Eid prayer be offered in an open area.

Sayyiduna Abd al-Rahman bin Uthman al-Taymi (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates: I saw the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) standing in the marketplace on the day of Eid, watching the people pass by.
Ahmad, Abu Ya'la, and al-Tabarani in al-Mu'jam al-Kabir and al-Mu'jam al-Awsat recorded it. In both of these he recorded these words: "I saw the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him): when he finished the Eid prayer, he came to the middle of the Eid prayer ground, stood and began watching the people, how they were leaving and what their bearing was. He stood for a while, then he too departed."
The narrators of al-Tabarani have been declared trustworthy, even though among them is a narrator, al-Munkadir bin Muhammad bin al-Munkadir; Ahmad, Abu Dawud and, according to one report, Yahya bin Ma'in declared him thiqah (trustworthy), whereas others declared him da'if (weak).

Sayyidah Umm Salamah (may Allah be pleased with her) narrates: A slave girl of Hassan bin Thabit came to us on the day of Eid. Her hair was let loose, she had a daf (hand drum) with her, and she was singing. Sayyidah Umm Salamah (may Allah be pleased with her) scolded her, and the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: O Umm Salamah! Leave her, for every people has an Eid, and this is our Eid.
Al-Tabarani recorded it in al-Mu'jam al-Kabir; its chain contains a narrator, al-Wazi' bin Nafi', and he is matruk (abandoned).

Sayyidah Zaynab (may Allah be pleased with her), the daughter of Sayyidah Umm Salamah (may Allah be pleased with her), narrates: The players would be playing while the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) was present in the mosque. The narrator says: After that, he mentioned the full hadith. I say:
Al-Tabarani recorded it in this way in al-Mu'jam al-Kabir from Amr bin Atiyyah, from his father, from Sayyidah Zaynab (may Allah be pleased with her); neither Amr nor his father could be identified.

Sayyiduna Abu Shurayh al-Khuza'i (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates: In the blessed era of Sayyiduna Uthman Ghani (may Allah be pleased with him) the sun was eclipsed, and at that time Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Mas'ud (may Allah be pleased with him) was also present in Madinah. The narrator says: Sayyiduna Uthman (may Allah be pleased with him) came out and led the people in prayer, in which he bowed twice in each rak'ah and prostrated twice. The narrator says: When Sayyiduna Uthman (may Allah be pleased with him) finished the prayer, he went into his house, while Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Mas'ud (may Allah be pleased with him) sat down by the chamber of Sayyidah Aishah (may Allah be pleased with her), and we sat with him. He told us: The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) used to command that prayer be offered at the eclipse of the sun and the moon. When you see that they have been eclipsed, hasten to the prayer, for if this turns out to be what you fear, you will not be in a state of heedlessness, and if it does not turn out so, you will have attained good and earned it.
Ahmad, Abu Ya'la, al-Tabarani in al-Mu'jam al-Kabir and al-Bazzar recorded it, and its narrators have been declared trustworthy.

It is reported about Sayyiduna Ali (may Allah be pleased with him): The narrator says: The sun was eclipsed, so Sayyiduna Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) led the people in prayer and recited Surah Ya-Sin and a surah like it. Then he went into ruku' and remained in ruku' as long as he had recited. Then he raised his head and said: 'Sami' Allahu liman hamidah' (Allah hears the one who praises Him). Then he remained standing, supplicating and saying takbir, for as long as he had recited that surah. Then he went into ruku', and that ruku' too was as long as his recitation. Then he said: 'Sami' Allahu liman hamidah'. Then he stood for as long as it takes to recite that surah, then he went into ruku' for that long as well, until he had bowed four times. Then he said: 'Sami' Allahu liman hamidah' and went into prostration. Then he stood up for the second rak'ah and offered it in the same way as he had offered the first rak'ah. Then he sat, supplicating and expressing earnest longing, until the sun became bright again. Then he told the people that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) had done the same.
Ahmad recorded it, and its narrators are thiqat (trustworthy).

Sayyiduna Mahmud bin Labid (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates: On the day that Sayyiduna Ibrahim (may Allah be pleased with him), the son of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), passed away, the sun was eclipsed. People said: The sun has been eclipsed because of the death of Sayyiduna Ibrahim (may Allah be pleased with him), the son of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him). The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Indeed, the sun and the moon are two signs among the signs of Allah Almighty. Beware! They are not eclipsed because of anyone's death or life. When you see them in a state of eclipse, come to the mosques!" Then the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) stood and recited part of Surah al-Dhariyat, then he went into ruku', then he stood up straight, then he prostrated twice, then he stood and did just as he had done in the first rak'ah.
Ahmad recorded it, and its narrators are the narrators of the Sahih.

Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) narrates: I offered the eclipse prayer (salat al-khusuf) behind the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), and while behind him I did not hear a single letter from the tongue of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him). (Allamah Haythami says:) I say: From him a hadith is recorded in the Sahih without these words: "I did not hear a single letter from him (peace and blessings be upon him)."
Ahmad, Abu Ya'la, and al-Tabarani in al-Mu'jam al-Awsat recorded it; its chain contains a narrator, Ibn Lahi'ah, about whom there has been criticism.

It is reported about Sayyiduna Ali (may Allah be pleased with him): The sun was eclipsed. Sayyiduna Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) stood up, bowed five times and prostrated twice; then he offered the second rak'ah in the same way. Then he said: After the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), no one besides me has offered this prayer.
Al-Bazzar recorded it. The hadith of Sayyiduna Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) from Musnad Ahmad has already passed before this. The narrators of this report are the narrators of the Sahih.

Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Mas'ud (may Allah be pleased with him) says: On the day that Sayyiduna Ibrahim (may Allah be pleased with him) passed away, the sun was eclipsed, and the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Indeed, the moon and the sun are both signs." After that the narrator mentioned the hadith as before, which has passed at the beginning of the chapter.
Al-Bazzar recorded it, and al-Tabarani recorded it in al-Mu'jam al-Kabir; its chain contains a narrator, Habib bin Hassan, and he is da'if (weak).

Sayyiduna Bilal (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates: In the blessed time of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) the sun was eclipsed, and he said: "Indeed, the sun and the moon are not eclipsed because of anyone's death or life; rather, they are two signs among the signs of Allah Almighty. When you see them (in a state of eclipse), offer a prayer like the most recent prayer you have offered."
Al-Bazzar, and al-Tabarani in al-Mu'jam al-Awsat and al-Mu'jam al-Kabir, recorded it. The narrator Abd al-Rahman bin Abi Layla did not live in the time of Sayyiduna Bilal (may Allah be pleased with him); the remaining narrators of this report are thiqat (trustworthy).

Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Umar (may Allah be pleased with them both) narrates: The sun was eclipsed on account of the death of a great personage. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) came out and led the people in prayer. He stood for a long time, so much so that because of his long standing it was said that perhaps he would not go into ruku'. Then he went into ruku' and made a long ruku', so much so that because of his long ruku' it was said that he would not rise from ruku'. Then he rose and stood for a long time, as long as his first standing. Then he bowed and made a long ruku', as long as his first ruku'. Then he raised his head and went into prostration. Then he did the same in the second rak'ah. Thus he performed four bowings and four prostrations. Then he turned to the people and said: "O people! Indeed, the sun and the moon are not eclipsed because of anyone's death or life; rather, they are two signs among the signs of Allah Almighty. When you see them (in a state of eclipse), turn to the prayer!"
Al-Bazzar recorded it by two routes. One of the chains contains a narrator named Muslim bin Khalid, who is da'if (weak), though he has also been declared trustworthy; the other chain contains Adi bin al-Fadl, who is matruk (abandoned). Bukhari (may Allah have mercy on him), Muslim and al-Nasa'i (may Allah have mercy on him) recorded the part of this narration that al-Qasim bin Muhammad narrated from Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Umar (may Allah be pleased with them both), from the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him): "Indeed, the sun and the moon are not eclipsed because of anyone's death or life; rather, they are signs of Allah Almighty. When you see them, offer prayer!"

Sayyiduna Hudhayfah (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates: The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) offered prayer at the eclipse of the sun. He stood and said the takbir, then he recited, then he went into ruku' and remained in it as long as he had recited, then he rose and remained standing as long as he had been in ruku', then he went into ruku' and remained in it as long as he had recited. He did this four times, before going into prostration. Then he stood for the second rak'ah and offered that rak'ah in the same way, and he did not recite between the bowings.
Al-Bazzar recorded it; its chain contains a narrator, Muhammad bin Abi Layla, about whom there has been criticism.

Sayyiduna Samurah (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates: The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Indeed, the sun and the moon are not eclipsed because of the death of any one of you; rather, they are two signs among the signs of Allah Almighty, by which Allah Almighty calls His servants to attention, so that He may make evident who fears Him and remembers Him. When you see this happen, turn to the remembrance of Allah and remember Him!"
Al-Bazzar recorded it; its chain contains a narrator, Yusuf bin Khalid al-Samti, and he is da'if (weak).

Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) narrates: In the blessed time of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) the sun was eclipsed. People said: The sun has been bewitched. So the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) recited this verse: "The Hour has drawn near and the moon has split. And if they see a sign, they turn away and say: This is continuing magic."
Al-Tabarani recorded it in al-Mu'jam al-Awsat; its chain contains a narrator, Musa bin Zakariyya, who is a teacher of al-Tabarani. If he is al-Tustari, then al-Daraqutni (may Allah have mercy on him) criticised him; and if he is someone else, then I do not know him. The remaining narrators of this report are the narrators of the Sahih.

Sayyiduna Samurah bin Jundub (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates: The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Indeed, the sun and the moon are not eclipsed because of anyone's death, or because of any other event taking place; rather, these are signs of Allah Almighty through which the servants of Allah take heed: whoever fears Allah Almighty, gives thanks and remembers Him. When you see a sign of Allah Almighty, turn to the remembrance of Allah Almighty, remember Him and fear Him!" The narrator says: When the sun was eclipsed, the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) led us in prayer, then he (peace and blessings be upon him) admonished and exhorted us, then he said: "Whatever thing you have seen in this world that has a colour, or about Paradise, or about Hell, or whatever you have been told about, was presented to me in the form of an image on this wall, since I was leading you in prayer; I saw its image on the wall of the mosque."
Al-Tabarani recorded it in al-Mu'jam al-Kabir, and it contains a weak narrator.

Tha'labah bin Abbad al-Abdi, who was from the people of Basrah, narrates: Once I was present at a sermon of Sayyiduna Samurah bin Jundub (may Allah be pleased with him). During that sermon he mentioned a hadith from the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him). He narrated: "In the time of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), once a boy from the Ansar and I were shooting at targets, until, when the sun was the height of two or three spears in the eye of the beholder, it turned black and looked like a mu'matah (here in Musnad Ahmad the word written is tannumah, which refers to a particular plant). He said: One of us said to the other: Let us go to the mosque; by Allah, this matter of the sun will surely bring about some new event concerning the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) in his Ummah. Sayyiduna Samurah (may Allah be pleased with him) says: We went towards the mosque, and we found that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) had come out to the people. Then the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) stepped forward and led us in prayer. It was the longest prayer; the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) had never before led us in so long a prayer, and we could not hear his voice. Then he went into prostration, and it was the longest prostration the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) had ever had us make in any prayer, and we could not hear his voice. Then he did the same in the second rak'ah. While the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) was sitting after the second rak'ah, the sun became bright. The narrator Zuhayr says: I think he also said: Then the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) ended the prayer with the salam, praised and extolled Allah Almighty, and bore witness that he is the servant of Allah and His Messenger. Then he said: 'O people! I adjure you by Allah and ask you: do you know that I have fallen short in any way in conveying the message of my Lord? Then tell me what it is. I have conveyed the message of my Lord just as it ought to have been conveyed; and if you know that I have conveyed the message of my Lord, then tell me about it!' The narrator says: Some men stood up and said: We bear witness that you have conveyed the message of your Lord, sincerely wished your Ummah well, and fulfilled the duty incumbent upon you. Then those people fell silent. Then the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: 'Amma ba'd (to proceed): Some people think that the eclipse of this sun, or the eclipse of the moon, or the stars departing from their places, happens because of the death of great people on the earth. Such people are wrong; rather, these things are some of the signs of Allah Almighty, through which the servants of Allah Almighty take heed, and Allah Almighty sees which of these servants repents. By Allah! While I stood here praying, I saw everything that you will face in this world and in the Hereafter. By Allah! The Hour will not be established until thirty liars come forth, the last of whom will be the one-eyed Dajjal, whose left eye will be wiped out; it will be like the eye of Abu Yahya.' He said this about an elderly man from the Ansar who at that time was between him (peace and blessings be upon him) and the chamber of Sayyidah Aishah (may Allah be pleased with her). (The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said:) 'When he comes forth, he will claim that he is Allah. Whoever believes in him, affirms him and follows him, none of his earlier deeds will benefit him; and whoever disbelieves in him and denies him will not be taken to account for any of his deeds.' Here the narrator named Hasan reported one word differently. 'He will soon appear (the narrator is uncertain about one word here); he will gain dominance over the entire earth, except that he will not be able to gain it over the Haram and Bayt al-Maqdis. At that time the believers will be gathered in Bayt al-Maqdis, and a tremendous earthquake will strike there. Then Allah Almighty will destroy him (the Dajjal), until the root of a wall (here one narrator reported these words:) the root of a tree, will call out, saying: O believer! (The narrator is uncertain; perhaps the words are:) O Muslim! This is a Jew (the narrator is uncertain; perhaps the words are:) this is a disbeliever; come forward and kill him!' The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: 'That will not happen until you see certain other matters which will trouble your minds, and you will ask one another about them: Did your Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) mention any of these? And until the mountains move from their places; then after that will come the seizing.'" The narrator says: After that he once again attended a sermon of Samurah (may Allah be pleased with him) in which he related this, and he neither put any word forward nor moved any statement back from its place.
(Allamah Haythami says:) I say: Part of it, concerning the solar eclipse, is mentioned in the Sunan.
Ahmad, and al-Tabarani in al-Mu'jam al-Kabir, recorded it, except that he added these words: "He will soon gain dominance over the entire earth except the Haram and Bayt al-Maqdis." He also related that al-Aswad bin Qays said: I think he said: "Then Sayyiduna Isa bin Maryam (peace be upon him) will come among those people, and he will put an end to the Dajjal and his army." The rest of the hadith is as before. Al-Tirmidhi said about the part of it that he recorded: This hadith is hasan sahih.

Sayyiduna Uqbah bin Amir (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates: When Sayyiduna Ibrahim (may Allah be pleased with him), the son of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), passed away, the sun was eclipsed. People said: The sun has been eclipsed because of the death of Sayyiduna Ibrahim (may Allah be pleased with him). The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Indeed, the sun and the moon are two signs among the signs of Allah Almighty; they are not eclipsed at anyone's death or life. When you see them (in a state of eclipse), turn to the prayer!"
Al-Tabarani recorded it in al-Mu'jam al-Kabir. The narrator Sa'id bin Asad bin Musa was mentioned by Ibn Hibban (may Allah have mercy on him) in the book al-Thiqat, and the remaining narrators of this report are the narrators of the Sahih.

Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Abbas (may Allah be pleased with him) says: In the blessed time of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) the moon was eclipsed. After that the narrator related a narration similar to the hadith reported by Ibn Jurayj.
Al-Tabarani recorded it in al-Mu'jam al-Kabir. I say: His hadith is the one that Ibn Jurayj reported concerning the solar eclipse,
whereas this narration concerns the lunar eclipse; he did not complete it, but referred it back to that one. Its chain contains a narrator, Ibrahim bin Yazid al-Khuzi, and he is matruk (abandoned).

Musa bin Abd al-Rahman reports from Umm Sufyan: A Jewish woman came to Sayyidah Aishah (may Allah be pleased with her) and began conversing with her. When she got up to leave, she said: May Allah Almighty protect you from the punishment of the grave. When the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) came, Sayyidah Aishah (may Allah be pleased with her) told the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) about this, and he (peace and blessings be upon him) said: She has spoken falsely; that is for the People of the Book (that is, they will suffer the punishment of the grave). Then the sun was eclipsed, and the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: I seek refuge in Allah Almighty from the punishment of the grave. Then he said the takbir and stood, and stood for a long time; then he went into ruku' and made a long ruku'. Then he raised his head and stood, and stood for a long time; then he went into ruku' and made a long ruku', but it was shorter than the first ruku'. Then he offered two rak'ahs with two bowings and two prostrations; in both of them his standing was just as long, and his ruku' was as long as his ruku'.
Al-Tabarani recorded it in al-Mu'jam al-Kabir. The narrator Musa bin Abd al-Rahman is a Tabi'i; I have not found anyone who mentions him. The remaining narrators of this report are thiqat (trustworthy).

Sayyiduna Abu al-Darda' (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates: When there was a night of strong wind, the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) would come to the mosque until the wind died down; and when something occurred in the sky, such as an eclipse of the sun or the moon, the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) would pray until it ended.
Al-Tabarani recorded it in al-Mu'jam al-Kabir as a narration of Ziyad bin Sakhr from Sayyiduna Abu al-Darda' (may Allah be pleased with him); I have not found anyone who has given an account of him. The remaining narrators of this report are thiqat (trustworthy).