No one's opinion stands alongside the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him)

It is reported from Sayyiduna Umar bin al-Khattab (may Allah be pleased with him) that he related a whole incident, in which he said: I copied part of a book of the People of the Book, and I brought it written on leather. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) asked: O Umar, what is this in your hand? I said: O Messenger of Allah, it is a text that I have copied so that our knowledge may increase through it. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) became angry, until his cheeks turned red. Then it was announced: "The prayer is gathering" (that is, everyone should assemble). The Ansar said: Has your Prophet been angered? To arms! To arms! They came and sat around the pulpit of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), and the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "O people, I have been given comprehensive and concluding words, and things have been made concise for me. I have brought it to you in a clear and pure state, so do not indulge in hair-splitting, and do not let those who indulge in hair-splitting deceive you." Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) said: I stood up and said: I am pleased with Allah Almighty as Lord, with Islam as religion, and with you as Messenger (that is, I believe in these matters). Then the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) came down (from the pulpit).
Abu Ya'la recorded it; its chain contains a narrator, Abd al-Rahman bin Ishaq, whom Ahmad and a group declared da'if (weak). This complete hadith, with the whole incident, will come later in the chapter on following the predecessors (Salaf).

Abdullah bin Thabit narrates: Sayyiduna Umar bin al-Khattab (may Allah be pleased with him) came to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) and said: O Messenger of Allah, I passed by a friend of mine from Banu Qurayzah, and he wrote out for me some comprehensive passages from the Torah. Shall I present them to you? The narrator says: The colour of the blessed face of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) changed, and Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Thabit (may Allah be pleased with him) said (to Sayyiduna Umar): Do you not see the blessed face of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him)? Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) said: We are pleased with Allah Almighty as Lord, with Islam as religion, and with Sayyiduna Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him) as Messenger (that is, we believe in these matters). Then the anger of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) subsided, and he (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "By the One in whose Hand is the soul of Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him), if Sayyiduna Musa (peace be upon him) were present among you, and you followed him and abandoned me, you would go astray. Among the nations, you are my share, and among the prophets, I am your share."
Ahmad and al-Tabarani recorded it. Its narrators are the narrators of the Sahih, except that its chain contains a narrator, Jabir al-Ju'fi, who is da'if (weak).

Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Thabit al-Ansari (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates: Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) copied (the text of) a scroll from the Torah, whereupon the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Do not ask the People of the Book about anything!
Al-Bazzar recorded it. Its narrators are the narrators of the Sahih, except for Jabir al-Ju'fi, who is da'if (weak) and has been accused of lying.

Sayyiduna Jabir bin Abdullah (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates: Sayyiduna Umar bin al-Khattab came to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) with a book (that is, a piece of writing) which he had obtained from one of the People of the Book. He began to read it before the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), and the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) became angry. He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "O Ibn al-Khattab, is this being pondered over? By the One in whose Hand is my soul, I have brought you clear and pure teachings. Do not ask them (that is, the People of the Book) about anything, for they may tell you something true and you deny it, or they may tell you something false and you affirm it. By the One in whose Hand is my soul, even if Sayyiduna Musa (peace be upon him) were alive among you, he too would have no option but to follow me."
Ahmad, Abu Ya'la and al-Bazzar recorded it; its chain contains a narrator, Mujalid bin Sa'id, whom Ahmad, Yahya bin Sa'id and others declared da'if (weak).

This report is also narrated from Sayyiduna Jabir (may Allah be pleased with him). He narrates: Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) copied a text from the Torah in Arabic and brought it to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him). He began to read it, and the blessed face of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) began to change. A man from the Ansar said: O Ibn al-Khattab, woe to you! Do you not see the face of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him)? The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Do not ask the People of the Book about anything, for they will not be able to guide you; they themselves have gone astray. And you will either deny something true or affirm something false. By Allah, if Sayyiduna Musa (peace be upon him) were present among you, nothing would be lawful for him either except to follow me."
Al-Bazzar recorded it, and Ahmad recorded part of it; its chain contains a narrator, Jabir al-Ju'fi, who is da'if (weak) and has been accused of lying.

Sayyiduna Abu al-Darda' (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates: Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) came to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) with some comprehensive passages from the Torah and said: O Messenger of Allah, these are comprehensive passages of the Torah which I obtained from a brother of mine from Banu Zurayq. The face of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) changed. Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Zayd (may Allah be pleased with him), who had been shown the method of the adhan in a dream, said: Has Allah Almighty deformed your intellect? Do you not see (the signs of displeasure on) the face of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him)? Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) said: We are pleased with Allah Almighty as Lord, with Islam as religion, with Sayyiduna Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him) as Prophet, and with the Qur'an as guide. Then the anger of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) subsided, and he (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "By the One in whose Hand is the soul of Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him), if Sayyiduna Musa (peace be upon him) were present among you, and you followed him and abandoned me, you would fall into extreme misguidance. Among all the nations, you are my share, and among the prophets, I am your share."
Al-Tabarani recorded it in al-Mu'jam al-Kabir; its chain contains a narrator, Abu Amir al-Qasim bin Muhammad al-Asadi, and I have not seen anyone who has written a biography of him. The rest of its narrators have been declared trustworthy.