السنن الكبرى للبيهقي
Sunan al-Kubra al-Bayhaqi
كتاب الشهادات
Book of Testimonies
باب: : لا يجوز شهادة غير عدل
The testimony of one who is not upright is not valid
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قَالَ اللهُ جَلَّ ثَنَاؤُهُ: {وَأَشْهِدُوا ذَوَيْ عَدْلٍ مِنْكُمْ} [الطلاق: 2] وَقَالَ: {مِمَّنْ تَرْضَوْنَ مِنَ الشُّهَدَاءِ} [البقرة: 282] قَالَ الشَّافِعِيُّ رَحِمَهُ اللهُ: " وَإِنَّا لَا نَرْضَى أَهْلَ الْفِسْقِ مِنَّا، وَإِنَّ الرِّضَا إِنَّمَا يَقَعُ عَلَى الْعُدُولِ مِنَّا "..
Allah, exalted be His praise, says: 'And take as witnesses two just men from among you.' [Surah al-Talaq: 2]
And He said: 'from among those whom you approve of as witnesses.' [Surah al-Baqarah: 282]
Imam al-Shafi'i (may Allah have mercy on him) said: "And we do not approve of the sinful (fasiq) among us; approval applies only to the just among us."
And He said: 'from among those whom you approve of as witnesses.' [Surah al-Baqarah: 282]
Imam al-Shafi'i (may Allah have mercy on him) said: "And we do not approve of the sinful (fasiq) among us; approval applies only to the just among us."
أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو أَحْمَدَ الْمِهْرَجَانِيُّ، ثنا أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ جَعْفَرٍ الْمُزَكِّي، ثنا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، ثنا ابْنُ بُكَيْرٍ، ثنا مَالِكٌ، عَنْ رَبِيعَةَ بْنِ أَبِي عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ، أَنَّهُ قَالَ: قَدِمَ عَلَى عُمَرَ بْنِ الْخَطَّابِ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ رَجُلٌ مِنْ قِبَلِ الْعِرَاقِ، فَقَالَ: جِئْتُكَ لِأَمْرٍ مَا لَهُ رَأْسٌ وَلَا ذَنَبٌ، قَالَ عُمَرُ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ: " وَمَا هُوَ؟ "، قَالَ: شَهَادَاتُ الزُّورِ ظَهَرَتْ بِأَرْضِنَا، قَالَ: " وَقَدْ كَانَ ذَلِكَ؟ "، قَالَ: نَعَمْ، قَالَ عُمَرُ بْنُ الْخَطَّابِ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ: " لَا وَاللهِ، لَا يُؤْسَرُ رَجُلٌ فِي الْإِسْلَامِ بِغَيْرِ الْعُدُولِ ". قَالَ أَبُو عُبَيْدٍ: " لَا يُؤْسَرُ: يَعْنِي: لَا يُحْبَسُ ".
Rabi'ah bin Abi Abd al-Rahman (may Allah have mercy on him) says that a man from Iraq came to Sayyiduna Umar bin al-Khattab (may Allah be pleased with him) and said: I have come to you about a matter that has neither head nor tail. Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) asked: What is it? He said: False testimony has appeared in our land. He said: Has that really happened? He said: Yes. Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) said: No, by Allah! No man in Islam shall be imprisoned except on the testimony of just witnesses.
Abu Ubayd said: 'La yu'sar' means he shall not be imprisoned.
Abu Ubayd said: 'La yu'sar' means he shall not be imprisoned.
أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ، أنبأ أَبُو الْوَلِيدِ الْفَقِيهُ، ثنا الْحَسَنُ بْنُ سُفْيَانَ، عَنْ حِبَّانَ بْنِ مُوسَى، عَنِ ابْنِ الْمُبَارَكِ، عَنِ ابْنِ عَوْنٍ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سِيرِينَ، عَنْ شُرَيْحٍ، قَالَ: " ادْعُ مَا شِئْتَ، وَائْتِ بِشُهُودٍ عُدُولٍ، فَإِنَّا أُمِرْنَا بِالْعُدُولِ، وَائْتِ فَسَلْ عَنْهُ "، قَالَ: وَذَكَرَ الْحَدِيثَ.
Ibn Sirin (may Allah have mercy on him) narrates from Qadi Shurayh (may Allah have mercy on him) that he said: Claim whatever you wish, but bring just witnesses, for our judgment rests only on just witnesses; and go and inquire about him.
