How much is the jizyah

Sayyiduna Mu'adh bin Jabal (may Allah be pleased with him) says that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) sent him to Yemen and said: "From the owners of cattle, for every thirty cattle a one-year-old calf is to be taken, and for every forty cattle a two-year-old, and upon every adult is one dinar or its equivalent in Ma'afiri cloth."

Abu Wa'il narrates from Sayyiduna Mu'adh (may Allah be pleased with him) that when the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) sent him towards Yemen, he said: "From the owners of cattle, collect for every thirty a one-year-old male or female, and for every forty cattle one that has grown two teeth (musinnah), and from every adult one dinar or its equivalent in Ma'afiri cloth woven in Yemen."

Masruq narrates from Sayyiduna Mu'adh (may Allah be pleased with him), from the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), the like of it.
Abu Dawud said in some copies: This hadith is munkar (rejected); it reached me that Ahmad used to reject this hadith strongly.
Al-Shaykh (al-Bayhaqi) said: What is munkar is only the narration of Abu Mu'awiyah from al-A'mash, from Ibrahim, from Masruq, from Mu'adh. As for the narration of al-A'mash from Abu Wa'il, from Masruq, it is mahfuz (preserved); a group narrated it from al-A'mash, among them Sufyan al-Thawri, Shu'bah, Ma'mar, Jarir, Abu Awanah, Yahya bin Sa'id and Hafs bin Ghiyath. Some of them said "from Mu'adh", and some of them said: "When the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) sent Mu'adh to Yemen", or words to that effect. As for the hadith of al-A'mash from Ibrahim, the correct form of it is as (mentioned).

Sayyiduna Mu'adh (may Allah be pleased with him) says: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) sent me to Yemen and commanded: "Collect for forty cattle one thaniyyah, and for every thirty cattle one tabi'ah, male or female, and from every adult one dinar or its equivalent in Ma'afiri cloth."
This is the mahfuz (preserved) version: the hadith of al-A'mash from Abu Wa'il Shaqiq bin Salamah, from Masruq. His hadith from Ibrahim is munqati' (broken), as it does not mention Masruq.

Umar bin Abd al-Aziz (may Allah have mercy on him) says that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) wrote to the people of Yemen: "Upon every adult among you is one dinar each year, or its equivalent in Ma'afiri cloth, meaning the dhimmis (protected non-Muslims)."

Hisham bin Yusuf narrates with his chain that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) fixed one dinar per year on the dhimmis of Yemen. He says: I said to Mutarrif bin Mazin: Is it on women too? He said: That the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) collected it from women is not established with us.

Al-Hakam (may Allah have mercy on him) says that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) wrote to Mu'adh bin Jabal (may Allah be pleased with him) in Yemen: "Upon every adult man and woman is one dinar or its value, and no Jew is to be put to trial because of his Judaism."
This is munqati' (broken). Abu Shaybah Ibrahim bin Uthman narrated it from al-Hakam with a connected chain, and Abu Shaybah is da'if (weak).

Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) says that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) wrote a letter to Sayyiduna Mu'adh bin Jabal (may Allah be pleased with him): "Whoever accepts Islam has the same rights as the Muslims and bears the same obligations as the other Muslims; and whoever is a Jew or a Christian, upon each adult of them is one dinar or its equivalent in Ma'afiri cloth, male or female, free or slave. For every thirty cattle, one tabi'ah (male or female); for every forty cattle, one musinnah; and for every forty camels, one bint labun (a she-camel that has completed two years and entered its third). For crops watered by rain there is a tenth, and for crops irrigated from wells there is a twentieth."
This is not established except through this chain.

Imam al-Shafi'i (may Allah have mercy on him) says: I asked Muhammad bin Khalid, Abdullah bin Amr bin Muslim and a number of the scholars of Yemen, and all of them reported to me from a number of people who had passed before them, who in turn reported from a number who had passed before them, all of them trustworthy, that the peace settlement of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) with the dhimmis of Yemen was on one dinar each year, and they do not affirm that women were among those from whom the jizyah was taken. Most of them said: Nothing was taken from their crops, although they had crops, nor anything from their livestock as far as we know. Some of them told me: One of the governors came to us and took a fifth of their crops, or intended to, and that was rejected against him. All whom I have described informed me that most of the dhimmis of Yemen were from Himyar. He says: And I asked a great number of the dhimmis of Yemen, scattered in the different towns of Yemen, and all of them affirmed to me, without differing in what they said, that Sayyiduna Mu'adh (may Allah be pleased with him) took one dinar from every adult among them, and they called the adult "halim". They said: And in the letter of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) that was with Sayyiduna Mu'adh (may Allah be pleased with him) it was written: "Upon every adult is one dinar."

Amr bin Shu'ayb narrates from his father, and he from his grandfather (may Allah be pleased with him), that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) fixed a jizyah of one dinar each on every adult of the people of Yemen.

Abdullah bin Abi Bakr bin Muhammad bin Amr bin Hazm (may Allah have mercy on him) says that at the end of the letter which the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) wrote to Amr bin Hazm (may Allah be pleased with him) when he sent him to Yemen, it states: "Whichever Jew or Christian accepts the religion of Islam with a sincere intention shall have the rights of the believers and shall bear the obligations that are upon the Muslims; and whoever remains upon Christianity or Judaism shall not be put to trial (over it). Upon every adult, male or female, free or slave, is one dinar or its equivalent in cloth. Whoever pays this has the protection of Allah and of His Messenger, and whoever withholds it is an enemy of Allah, His Messenger and the believers."
This is munqati' (broken), and it is not in the connected narration.

Abu al-Aswad (may Allah have mercy on him) narrates from Urwah (may Allah have mercy on him): "This is a letter from Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him) to the people of Yemen," then he narrated a hadith like the hadith of Ibn Hazm (may Allah be pleased with him).
This has been narrated through another route as munqati' (with a broken chain).

Zur'ah bin Sayf bin Dhi Yazan (may Allah be pleased with him) says that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) wrote me a letter in which it was stated: "Whoever remains upon Judaism or Christianity shall not be made to change it; rather, upon them is the jizyah: upon every adult, male or female, free or slave, is one dinar or its equivalent in Ma'afiri cloth."
Among the narrators of this narration are some who are unknown, and no hadith is established by the like of it among the people of knowledge. So whatever in its wording, and in the wording of what preceded it, agrees with the narration of Masruq is acted upon, and whatever goes beyond it must be suspended; and success is from Allah.

Abu al-Huwayrith (may Allah have mercy on him) says that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) fixed one dinar per year on the Christians in Makkah.

Abu al-Huwayrith says that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) fixed one dinar per year on a Christian of Makkah (who was called Mawhab), and the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) fixed 300 dinars per year on the Christians of Aylah, and he stipulated "hosting for three days" the Muslims who passed by them, and that "they would not cheat any Muslim."

Ishaq bin Abdullah says that they were three hundred people, so the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) fixed three hundred dinars per year on them. Al-Shafi'i (may Allah have mercy on him) says: Then he made peace with the people of Najran on suits of garments (hullahs) which they paid to him; his making peace with them on something other than dinars shows that whatever they make peace upon is permissible.

Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) says that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) made peace with the people of Najran in exchange for two thousand suits of garments, half of which they would pay to the Muslims in Safar and half in Rajab, and, as a loan, thirty coats of mail, thirty horses, thirty camels and thirty of every type of weapon used in battle; the Muslims are guarantors for them until they return them, if there is a plot (hostilities) in Yemen.

Imam al-Shafi'i (may Allah have mercy on him) says: I heard some of the people of knowledge among the Muslims and some of the dhimmis of the people of Najran mention that what was taken from each one of them was worth more than one dinar.