السنن الكبرى للبيهقي
Sunan al-Kubra al-Bayhaqi
كتاب المرتد
Book of the Apostate
باب: من قال: يحبس ثلاثة أيام
Those who said: He is held for three days
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أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو بَكْرٍ أَحْمَدُ بْنُ الْحَسَنِ الْقَاضِي، ثنا أَبُو الْعَبَّاسِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ، أنبأ الرَّبِيعُ بْنُ سُلَيْمَانَ، أنبأ الشَّافِعِيُّ، أنبأ مَالِكٌ، عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْقَارِيِّ، ح وَأَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو أَحْمَدَ الْمِهْرَجَانِيُّ، أنبأ أَبُو بَكْرٍ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ جَعْفَرٍ الْمُزَكِّي، ثنا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ الْبُوشَنْجِيُّ، ثنا ابْنُ بُكَيْرٍ، ثنا مَالِكٌ، عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْقَارِيِّ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، أَنَّهُ قَالَ: قَدِمَ عَلَى عُمَرَ بْنِ الْخَطَّابِ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ رَجُلٌ مِنْ قِبَلِ أَبِي مُوسَى، فَسَأَلَهُ عَنِ النَّاسِ فَأَخْبَرَهُ، ثُمَّ قَالَ: هَلْ كَانَ فِيكُمْ مِنْ مُغَرِّبَةِ خَبَرٍ؟ فَقَالَ: نَعَمْ، رَجُلٌ كَفَرَ بَعْدَ إِسْلَامِهِ، قَالَ: فَمَا فَعَلْتُمْ بِهِ؟ قَالَ: قَرَّبْنَاهُ فَضَرَبْنَا عُنُقَهُ، قَالَ عُمَرُ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ: " فَهَلَّا حَبَسْتُمُوهُ ثَلَاثًا، وَأَطْعَمْتُمُوهُ كُلَّ يَوْمٍ رَغِيفًا، وَاسْتَتَبْتُمُوهُ، لَعَلَّهُ أَنْ يَتُوبَ أَوْ يُرَاجِعَ أَمْرَ اللهِ، اللهُمَّ إِنِّي لَمْ أَحْضُرْ وَلَمْ آمُرْ وَلَمْ أَرْضَ إِذْ بَلَغَنِي " قَالَ الشَّافِعِيُّ فِي الْكِتَابِ: مَنْ قَالَ: لَا يُتَأَنَّى بِهِ زَعَمَ أَنَّ الْحَدِيثَ الَّذِي رُوِيَ عَنْ عُمَرَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ: لَوْ حَبَسْتُمُوهُ ثَلَاثًا، لَيْسَ بِثَابِتٍ؛ لِأَنَّهُ لَا يُعْلَمُ مُتَّصِلًا، وَإِنْ كَانَ ثَابِتًا كَانَ لَمْ يُجْعَلْ عَلَى مَنْ قَتَلَهُ قَبْلَ ثَلَاثٍ شَيْئًا قَالَ الشَّيْخُ رَحِمَهُ اللهُ: قَدْ رُوِيَ فِي التَّأَنِّي بِهِ حَدِيثٌ آخَرُ، عَنْ عُمَرَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ بِإِسْنَادٍ مُتَّصِلٍ.
Muhammad bin Abd al-Qari said: A man came to Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) from Sayyiduna Abu Musa (may Allah be pleased with him). He asked him about the people, then said: Is there any strange news among you? He said: Yes, a man disbelieved after accepting Islam. He asked: Then what did you do with him? He said: We killed him. Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) said: Why did you not imprison him for three days, feed him and give him drink, and present Islam to him? Perhaps he would have returned to the command of Allah. O Allah, I was not present, I did not order it, and I am not pleased with it.
Imam al-Shafi'i (may Allah have mercy on him) said in the Book: Whoever says that he is not to be given time claims that the hadith narrated from Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him), "Why did you not imprison him for three days," is not established, because it is not known to be connected; and even if it were established, he did not impose anything on the one who killed him before the three days. The Shaykh (may Allah have mercy on him) said: Another hadith about giving him time has been narrated from Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) with a connected chain.
Imam al-Shafi'i (may Allah have mercy on him) said in the Book: Whoever says that he is not to be given time claims that the hadith narrated from Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him), "Why did you not imprison him for three days," is not established, because it is not known to be connected; and even if it were established, he did not impose anything on the one who killed him before the three days. The Shaykh (may Allah have mercy on him) said: Another hadith about giving him time has been narrated from Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) with a connected chain.
أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو الْحُسَيْنِ بْنُ بِشْرَانَ، بِبَغْدَادَ، أنبأ أَبُو الْحَسَنِ عَلِيُّ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ الْمِصْرِيُّ، ثنا مَالِكُ بْنُ يَحْيَى، ثنا عَلِيُّ بْنُ عَاصِمٍ، عَنْ دَاوُدَ بْنِ أَبِي هِنْدٍ، عَنْ عَامِرٍ، عَنْ أَنَسِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ، قَالَ: لَمَّا نَزَلْنَا عَلَى تُسْتَرَ، فَذَكَرَ الْحَدِيثَ فِي الْفَتْحِ، وَفِي قُدُومِهِ عَلَى عُمَرَ بْنِ الْخَطَّابِ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ عُمَرُ: " يَا أَنَسُ مَا فَعَلَ الرَّهْطُ السِّتَّةُ مِنْ بَكْرِ بْنِ وَائِلٍ ⦗٣٦٠⦘ الَّذِينَ ارْتَدُّوا عَنِ الْإِسْلَامِ فَلَحِقُوا بِالْمُشْرِكِينَ؟ قَالَ: فَأَخَذْتُ بِهِ فِي حَدِيثٍ آخَرَ لِيَشْغَلَهُ عَنْهُمْ، قَالَ: مَا فَعَلَ الرَّهْطُ السِّتَّةُ الَّذِينَ ارْتَدُّوا عَنِ الْإِسْلَامِ فَلَحِقُوا بِالْمُشْرِكِينَ مِنْ بَكْرِ بْنِ وَائِلٍ؟ قَالَ: يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ قُتِلُوا فِي الْمَعْرَكَةِ، قَالَ: إِنَّا لِلَّهِ وَإِنَّا إِلَيْهِ رَاجِعُونَ، قُلْتُ: يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ وَهَلْ كَانَ سَبِيلُهُمْ إِلَّا الْقَتْلَ؟ قَالَ: نَعَمْ، كُنْتُ أَعْرِضُ عَلَيْهِمْ أَنْ يَدْخُلُوا فِي الْإِسْلَامِ، فَإِنْ أَبَوَا اسْتَوْدَعْتُهُمُ السِّجْنَ " وَبِمَعْنَاهُ رَوَاهُ أَيْضًا سُفْيَانُ الثَّوْرِيُّ عَنْ دَاوُدَ بْنِ أَبِي هِنْدٍ.
Sayyiduna Anas (may Allah be pleased with him) said: When we camped at Tustar; then he mentioned the long hadith about the conquest and said: We came to Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) and he asked: O Anas, what became of those six men of Bakr bin Wa'il who apostatised? He said: I wanted to occupy him with another matter, but he asked the same question again, so I said: They were killed in the battle. He said: "Inna lillahi wa inna ilayhi raji'un (We belong to Allah and to Him we return)." I said: O Commander of the Believers, was there any other way for them? He said: Yes, I would have presented Islam to them so that they might accept it; if they refused, I would have put them in prison.
