السنن الكبرى للبيهقي
Sunan al-Kubra al-Bayhaqi
كتاب الديات
Book of Blood Money
باب: من قال: هي أخماس، وجعل أحد أخماسها بني المخاض دون بني اللبون
Those who said: They are in five categories, making one fifth of them one-year-old male camels instead of two-year-old ones
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أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَلِيٍّ الْحَسَنُ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ شَاذَانَ، بِبَغْدَادَ، أنبأ حَمْزَةُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْعَبَّاسِ، ثنا الْعَبَّاسُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ الدُّورِيُّ، ثنا عُبَيْدُ اللهِ بْنُ مُوسَى، أنبأ إِسْرَائِيلُ، عَنْ أَبِي إِسْحَاقَ، عَنْ عَلْقَمَةَ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ مَسْعُودٍ، أَنَّهُ قَالَ: فِي الْخَطَأِ أَخْمَاسٌ: عِشْرُونَ حِقَّةً، وَعِشْرُونَ جَذَعَةً، وَعِشْرُونَ بَنَاتُ لَبُونٍ، وَعِشْرُونَ بَنَاتُ مَخَاضٍ، وَعِشْرُونَ بَنُو مَخَاضٍ وَكَذَلِكَ رَوَاهُ وَكِيعُ بْنُ الْجَرَّاحِ فِي كِتَابِهِ الْمُصَنَّفِ فِي الدِّيَاتِ، عَنْ سُفْيَانَ الثَّوْرِيِّ، عَنْ مَنْصُورٍ، عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ، وَعَنْ سُفْيَانَ، عَنْ أَبِي إِسْحَاقَ، عَنْ عَلْقَمَةَ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ وَكَذَلِكَ رَوَاهُ عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ مَهْدِيٍّ وَعَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ الْوَلِيدِ الْعَدَنِيُّ، عَنِ الثَّوْرِيِّ، عَنْ مَنْصُورٍ، عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ.
It has already passed at number (16127).
وَأَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو الْحُسَيْنِ عَلِيُّ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ بِشْرَانَ بِبَغْدَادَ، أنبأ إِسْمَاعِيلُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ الصَّفَّارُ، ثنا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْمَلِكِ، ثنا يَزِيدُ بْنُ هَارُونَ، أنبأ سُلَيْمَانُ التَّيْمِيُّ، عَنْ أَبِي مِجْلَزٍ، عَنْ أَبِي عُبَيْدَةَ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ، فِي دِيَةِ الْخَطَأِ أَخْمَاسٌ: خُمُسٌ بَنُو مَخَاضٍ، وَخُمُسٌ بَنَاتُ مَخَاضٍ، وَخُمُسٌ بَنَاتُ لَبُونٍ، وَخُمُسٌ حِقَاقٌ، وَخُمُسٌ جِذَاعٌ هَذَا هُوَ الْمَعْرُوفُ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ مَسْعُودٍ بِهَذِهِ الْأَسَانِيدِ وَقَدْ رَوَى بَعْضُ حُفَّاظِنَا، وَهُوَ الشَّيْخُ أَبُو الْحَسَنِ الدَّارَقُطْنِيُّ هَذِهِ الْأَسَانِيدَ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ، وَجَعَلَ مَكَانَ بَنِي الْمَخَاضِ، بَنِي اللَّبُونِ، وَهُوَ غَلَطٌ مِنْهُ وَقَدْ رَأَيْتُهُ أَيْضًا فِي كِتَابِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ إِسْحَاقَ بْنِ خُزَيْمَةَ، وَهُوَ إِمَامٌ فِي رِوَايَةِ وَكِيعٍ عَنْ سُفْيَانَ بِإِسْنَادَيْهِ، كَذَلِكَ بَنِي لَبُونٍ وَفِي رِوَايَةِ سَعِيدِ بْنِ بَشِيرٍ، عَنْ قَتَادَةَ، عَنْ أَبِي مِجْلَزٍ، عَنْ أَبِي عُبَيْدَةَ، عَنِ ابْنِ مَسْعُودٍ، كَذَلِكَ بَنِي لَبُونٍ وَرَوَاهُ مِنْ حَدِيثِ يَحْيَى يَعْنِي ابْنَ أَبِي زَائِدَةَ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ وَغَيْرِهِ، عَنْ أَبِي إِسْحَاقَ، عَنْ ⦗١٣٢⦘ عَلْقَمَةَ، عَنِ ابْنِ مَسْعُودٍ: بَنِي مَخَاضٍ فَإِنْ كَانَ مَا رَوَيَاهُ مَحْفُوظًا فَهُوَ الَّذِي نَمِيلُ إِلَيْهِ، وَصَارَتِ الرِّوَايَاتُ فِيهِ عَنِ ابْنِ مَسْعُودٍ مُتَعَارِضَةً، وَمَذْهَبُ عَبْدِ اللهِ مَشْهُورٌ فِي بَنِي الْمَخَاضِ، وَقَدِ اخْتَارَ أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ الْمُنْذِرِ فِي هَذَا مَذْهَبَهُ، وَاحْتَجَّ بِأَنَّ الشَّافِعِيَّ رَحِمَهُ اللهُ إِنَّمَا صَارَ إِلَى قَوْلِ أَهْلِ الْمَدِينَةِ فِي دِيَةِ الْخَطَأِ؛ لِأَنَّ النَّاسَ قَدِ اخْتَلَفُوا فِيهَا، وَالسُّنَّةُ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، وَرَدَتْ مُطْلَقَةً بِمِائَةٍ مِنَ الْإِبِلِ غَيْرَ مُفَسَّرَةٍ، وَاسْمُ الْإِبِلِ يَتَنَاوَلُ الصِّغَارَ وَالْكِبَارَ، فَأَلْزَمَ الْقَاتِلَ أَقَلَّ مَا قَالُوا إِنَّهُ يَلْزَمُهُ، فَكَانَ عِنْدَهُ قَوْلُ أَهْلِ الْمَدِينَةِ أَقَلَّ مَا قِيلَ فِيهَا، وَكَأَنَّهُ لَمْ يَبْلُغْهُ قَوْلُ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ مَسْعُودٍ، فَوَجَدْنَا قَوْلَ عَبْدِ اللهِ أَقَلَّ مَا قِيلَ فِيهَا؛ لِأَنَّ بَنِي الْمَخَاضِ أَقَلُّ مِنْ بَنِي اللَّبُونِ، وَاسْمُ الْإِبِلِ يَتَنَاوَلُهُ، فَكَانَ هُوَ الْوَاجِبَ دُونَ مَا زَادَ عَلَيْهِ، وَهُوَ قَوْلُ صَحَابِيٍّ فَهُوَ أَوْلَى مِنْ غَيْرِهِ، وَبِاللهِ التَّوْفِيقُ وَقَدْ رُوِيَ حَدِيثُ ابْنُ مَسْعُودٍ مِنْ وَجْهٍ آخَرَ مَرْفُوعًا، وَلَا يَصِحُّ رَفْعُهُ.
Five categories are reported from Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Mas'ud (may Allah be pleased with him) for the diyah of accidental killing: one fifth banu makhad, one fifth banat makhad, one fifth banat labun, one fifth hiqqahs and one fifth jadha'ahs.
This is what is well known from Sayyiduna Ibn Mas'ud (may Allah be pleased with him) with these chains. Imam al-Daraqutni (may Allah have mercy on him) narrated these same chains from Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Mas'ud (may Allah be pleased with him), putting the words "bani labun" in place of "bani makhad"; this is his mistake. I have also seen it in the book of Imam Ibn Khuzaymah (may Allah have mercy on him), in a narration he transmits from Sufyan (may Allah have mercy on him), with the words "bani labun" as well; but Alqamah (may Allah have mercy on him) narrates the words "bani makhad" from Sayyiduna Ibn Mas'ud (may Allah be pleased with him). So the narrations on this are now conflicting, but according to the well-known view, "bani makhad" is what is established from Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Mas'ud (may Allah be pleased with him). Abu Bakr Ibn al-Mundhir (may Allah have mercy on him) chose his view in this matter, and argued that Imam al-Shafi'i (may Allah have mercy on him) adopted the position of the people of Madinah on the diyah of accidental killing only because people differed about it, while the Sunnah from the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) came unqualified as 100 camels, without describing them, and the word "camels" includes young and old; so he obliged the killer with the least that had been said to be binding on him, and in his view the position of the people of Madinah was the least that had been said, as though the view of Abdullah bin Mas'ud had not reached him. We found the view of Abdullah to be the least that has been said, because banu makhad are younger than banu labun and the word "camels" includes them; so that is what is obligatory and nothing beyond it, and it is the view of a Companion, so it is more worthy than others. And success is from Allah.
The hadith of Ibn Mas'ud has also been narrated through another chain as marfu' (attributed to the Prophet), but its being marfu' is not authentic.
This is what is well known from Sayyiduna Ibn Mas'ud (may Allah be pleased with him) with these chains. Imam al-Daraqutni (may Allah have mercy on him) narrated these same chains from Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Mas'ud (may Allah be pleased with him), putting the words "bani labun" in place of "bani makhad"; this is his mistake. I have also seen it in the book of Imam Ibn Khuzaymah (may Allah have mercy on him), in a narration he transmits from Sufyan (may Allah have mercy on him), with the words "bani labun" as well; but Alqamah (may Allah have mercy on him) narrates the words "bani makhad" from Sayyiduna Ibn Mas'ud (may Allah be pleased with him). So the narrations on this are now conflicting, but according to the well-known view, "bani makhad" is what is established from Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Mas'ud (may Allah be pleased with him). Abu Bakr Ibn al-Mundhir (may Allah have mercy on him) chose his view in this matter, and argued that Imam al-Shafi'i (may Allah have mercy on him) adopted the position of the people of Madinah on the diyah of accidental killing only because people differed about it, while the Sunnah from the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) came unqualified as 100 camels, without describing them, and the word "camels" includes young and old; so he obliged the killer with the least that had been said to be binding on him, and in his view the position of the people of Madinah was the least that had been said, as though the view of Abdullah bin Mas'ud had not reached him. We found the view of Abdullah to be the least that has been said, because banu makhad are younger than banu labun and the word "camels" includes them; so that is what is obligatory and nothing beyond it, and it is the view of a Companion, so it is more worthy than others. And success is from Allah.
The hadith of Ibn Mas'ud has also been narrated through another chain as marfu' (attributed to the Prophet), but its being marfu' is not authentic.
حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو مُحَمَّدٍ عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ يُوسُفَ الْأَصْبَهَانِيُّ، أنبأ أَبُو سَعِيدِ بْنُ الْأَعْرَابِيِّ، ح وَأَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَلِيٍّ الرُّوذْبَارِيُّ، وَأَبُو الْحُسَيْنِ بْنُ بِشْرَانَ، قَالَا: أنبأ إِسْمَاعِيلُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ الصَّفَّارُ، قَالَا: ثنا سَعْدَانُ بْنُ نَصْرٍ، ثنا أَبُو مُعَاوِيَةَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ خَازِمٍ، عَنِ الْحَجَّاجِ، عَنْ زَيْدِ بْنِ جُبَيْرٍ، عَنْ خِشْفِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ مَسْعُودٍ، أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: جَعَلَ الدِّيَةَ فِي الْخَطَأِ أَخْمَاسًا لَمْ يَزِدْ عَلَى هَذَا.
Abdullah bin Mas'ud (may Allah be pleased with him) said that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) "made the diyah for accidental killing of five categories." (The narrator) did not add anything beyond this.
أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَلِيٍّ الرُّوذْبَارِيُّ، أنبأ أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ دَاسَةَ، ثنا أَبُو دَاوُدَ، ثنا مُسَدَّدٌ، ثنا عَبْدُ الْوَاحِدِ، ثنا الْحَجَّاجُ، عَنْ زَيْدِ بْنِ جُبَيْرٍ، عَنْ خِشْفِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ الطَّائِيِّ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ مَسْعُودٍ، قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: " فِي دِيَةِ الْخَطَأِ عِشْرُونَ حِقَّةً، وَعِشْرُونَ جَذَعَةً، وَعِشْرُونَ ابْنَةَ مَخَاضٍ، وَعِشْرُونَ ابْنَةَ لَبُونٍ، وَعِشْرُونَ ابْنَ مَخَاضٍ ذُكُرٌ " قَالَ أَبُو دَاوُدَ: وَهُوَ قَوْلُ عَبْدِ اللهِ، يَعْنِي إِنَّمَا رُوِيَ مِنْ قَوْلِ عَبْدِ اللهِ مَوْقُوفًا غَيْرَ مَرْفُوعٍ ⦗١٣٣⦘.
This hadith has already passed under number (16157).
Abu Dawud said: It is the saying of Abdullah, meaning that it is narrated only as the saying of Abdullah, mawquf (stopping at him), not marfu' (attributed to the Prophet).
Abu Dawud said: It is the saying of Abdullah, meaning that it is narrated only as the saying of Abdullah, mawquf (stopping at him), not marfu' (attributed to the Prophet).
أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ السُّلَمِيُّ، وَأَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ الْحَارِثِ الْفَقِيهُ، قَالَا: قَالَ أَبُو الْحَسَنِ الدَّارَقُطْنِيُّ الْحَافِظُ فِي تَعْلِيلِ هَذَا الْحَدِيثِ: لَا نَعْلَمُ رَوَاهُ إِلَّا خِشْفُ بْنُ مَالِكٍ، وَهُوَ رَجُلٌ مَجْهُولٌ لَمْ يَرْوِ عَنْهُ إِلَّا زَيْدُ بْنُ جُبَيْرِ بْنِ حَرْمَلٍ الْجُشَمِيُّ، وَلَا نَعْلَمُ أَحَدًا رَوَاهُ عَنْ زَيْدِ بْنِ جُبَيْرٍ إِلَّا حَجَّاجُ بْنُ أَرْطَاةَ، وَالْحَجَّاجُ فرَجُلٌ مَشْهُورٌ بِالتَّدْلِيسِ، وَبِأَنَّهُ يُحَدِّثُ عَمَّنْ لَمْ يَلْقَهُ وَلَمْ يَسْمَعْ مِنْهُ قَالَ: وَرَوَاهُ جَمَاعَةٌ مِنَ الثِّقَاتِ عَنِ الْحَجَّاجِ فَاخْتَلَفُوا عَلَيْهِ فِيهِ، فَرَوَاهُ عَبْدُ الرَّحِيمِ بْنُ سُلَيْمَانَ، وَعَبْدُ الْوَاحِدِ بْنُ زِيَادٍ عَلَى اللَّفْظِ الَّذِي ذَكَرْنَاهُ عَنْهُ، وَرَوَاهُ يَحْيَى بْنُ سَعِيدٍ الْأُمَوِيُّ عَنِ الْحَجَّاجِ فَجَعَلَ مَكَانَ الْحِقَاقِ بَنِي اللَّبُونِ، وَرَوَاهُ إِسْمَاعِيلُ بْنُ عَيَّاشٍ عَنِ الْحَجَّاجِ فَجَعَلَ مَكَانَ بَنِي الْمَخَاضِ بَنِي اللَّبُونِ، وَرَوَاهُ أَبُو مُعَاوِيَةَ الضَّرِيرُ وَحَفْصُ بْنُ غِيَاثٍ وَجَمَاعَةٌ عَنِ الْحَجَّاجِ بِهَذَا الْإِسْنَادِ، قَالَ: جَعَلَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ دِيَةَ الْخَطَأِ أَخْمَاسًا لَمْ يَزِيدُوا عَلَى هَذَا وَلَمْ يَذْكُرُوا فِيهِ تَفْسِيرَ الْأَخْمَاسِ، فَيُشْبِهُ أَنْ يَكُونَ الْحَجَّاجُ رُبَّمَا كَانَ يُفَسِّرُ الْأَخْمَاسَ بِرَأْيِهِ بَعْدَ فَرَاغِهِ مِنَ الْحَدِيثِ، فَيَتَوَّهَمُ السَّامِعُ أَنَّ ذَلِكَ فِي الْحَدِيثِ، وَلَيْسَ كَذَلِكَ قَالَ الشَّيْخُ: وَكَيْفَمَا كَانَ، فَالْحَجَّاجُ بْنُ أَرْطَاةَ غَيْرُ مُحْتَجٍّ بِهِ، وَخِشْفُ بْنُ مَالِكٍ مَجْهُولٌ، وَالصَّحِيحُ أَنَّهُ مَوْقُوفٌ عَلَى عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ مَسْعُودٍ، وَالصَّحِيحُ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ أَنَّهُ جَعَلَ أَحَدَ أَخْمَاسِهَا بَنِي الْمَخَاضِ فِي الْأَسَانِيدِ الَّتِي تَقَدَّمَ ذِكْرُهَا، لَا كَمَا تَوَّهَمَ شَيْخُنَا أَبُو الْحَسَنِ الدَّارَقُطْنِيُّ، رَحِمَنَا اللهُ وَإِيَّاهُ وَقَدِ اعْتَذَرَ مَنْ رَغِبَ عَنْ قَوْلِ عَبْدِ اللهِ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ فِي هَذَا بِشَيْئَيْنِ: أَحَدُهُمَا ضَعْفُ رِوَايَةِ خِشْفِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ مَسْعُودٍ بِمَا ذَكَرْنَا، وَانْقِطَاعُ رِوَايَةِ مَنْ رَوَاهُ عَنْهُ مَوْقُوفًا، فَإِنَّهُ إِنَّمَا رَوَاهُ إِبْرَاهِيمُ النَّخَعِيُّ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ وَأَبُو عُبَيْدَةَ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ مَسْعُودٍ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ وَأَبُو إِسْحَاقَ، عَنْ عَلْقَمَةَ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ وَرِوَايَةُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ مُنْقَطِعَةٌ لَا شَكَّ فِيهَا، وَرِوَايَةُ أَبِي عُبَيْدَةَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ؛ لِأَنَّ أَبَا عُبَيْدَةَ لَمْ يُدْرِكْ أَبَاهُ، وَكَذَلِكَ رِوَايَةُ أَبِي إِسْحَاقَ السَّبِيعِيِّ عَنْ عَلْقَمَةَ مُنْقَطِعَةٌ؛ لِأَنَّ أَبَا إِسْحَاقَ رَأَى عَلْقَمَةَ لَكِنْ لَمْ يَسْمَعْ مِنْهُ شَيْئًا،.
Imam al-Daraqutni (may Allah have mercy on him), in pointing out the hidden defect of the hadith of Sayyiduna Ibn Mas'ud (may Allah be pleased with him), said: We know it only through Khishf bin Malik, and he is majhul (unknown); only Zayd bin Jubayr narrated from him, and only Hajjaj bin Artah narrated it from Zayd, and Hajjaj is well known for tadlis, and he used to narrate from people he had not heard from. Yahya bin Sa'id al-Umawi narrated from Hajjaj the words "ibn labun" in place of "hiqqah", and Isma'il bin Ayyash narrated from Hajjaj the words "ibn labun" in place of "bani makhad", and a group narrated from Hajjaj only that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) made it "five categories". It seems that Hajjaj would sometimes explain these categories by his own opinion after finishing the hadith, so that the listener supposed this to be part of the hadith, while it is not so.
The Shaykh said: However it may be, Hajjaj bin Artah is not used as evidence and Khishf is majhul (unknown). What is correct is that it is mawquf (stopping) at Sayyiduna Ibn Mas'ud (may Allah be pleased with him), and what is correct from him is that Sayyiduna Ibn Mas'ud (may Allah be pleased with him) made one of the five categories "bani makhad", not as al-Daraqutni (may Allah have mercy on him) supposed.
Those who turn away from the view of Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Mas'ud (may Allah be pleased with him) offer two excuses: first, that this narration is weak because of Khishf bin Malik; and second, that the mawquf narration is also disconnected, because it was narrated only by Ibrahim al-Nakha'i from Abdullah, by Abu Ubaydah bin Abdullah bin Mas'ud from his father, and by Abu Ishaq from Alqamah from Abdullah. The narration of Ibrahim from Abdullah is undoubtedly disconnected, and so is that of Abu Ubaydah from his father, because Abu Ubaydah did not meet his father; likewise the narration of Abu Ishaq al-Sabi'i from Alqamah is disconnected, because Abu Ishaq saw Alqamah but did not hear anything from him.
The Shaykh said: However it may be, Hajjaj bin Artah is not used as evidence and Khishf is majhul (unknown). What is correct is that it is mawquf (stopping) at Sayyiduna Ibn Mas'ud (may Allah be pleased with him), and what is correct from him is that Sayyiduna Ibn Mas'ud (may Allah be pleased with him) made one of the five categories "bani makhad", not as al-Daraqutni (may Allah have mercy on him) supposed.
Those who turn away from the view of Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Mas'ud (may Allah be pleased with him) offer two excuses: first, that this narration is weak because of Khishf bin Malik; and second, that the mawquf narration is also disconnected, because it was narrated only by Ibrahim al-Nakha'i from Abdullah, by Abu Ubaydah bin Abdullah bin Mas'ud from his father, and by Abu Ishaq from Alqamah from Abdullah. The narration of Ibrahim from Abdullah is undoubtedly disconnected, and so is that of Abu Ubaydah from his father, because Abu Ubaydah did not meet his father; likewise the narration of Abu Ishaq al-Sabi'i from Alqamah is disconnected, because Abu Ishaq saw Alqamah but did not hear anything from him.
أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو الْحُسَيْنِ بْنُ بِشْرَانَ، بِبَغْدَادَ، أَنْبَأَ أَبُو عَمْرِو بْنُ السَّمَّاكِ ثنا حَنْبَلُ بْنُ إِسْحَاقَ حَدَّثَنِي أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ وَهُوَ أَحْمَدُ بْنُ حَنْبَلٍ، ثنا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ جَعْفَرٍ ثنا شُعْبَةُ عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ مُرَّةَ، قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عُبَيْدَةَ: هَلْ تَذْكُرُ مِنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ شَيْئًا؟ قَالَ: مَا أَذْكُرُ مِنْهُ شَيْئًا⦗١٣٤⦘.
Amr bin Murrah (may Allah have mercy on him) said: I asked Abu Ubaydah (may Allah have mercy on him): Do you narrate anything from Abdullah (may Allah be pleased with him)? He said: I do not narrate anything from him.
أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو سَعْدٍ الْمَالِينِيُّ أَنْبَأَ أَبُو أَحْمَدَ بْنُ عَدِيٍّ الْحَافِظُ ثنا أَبُو عَرُوبَةَ، وَيَحْيَى بْنُ صَاعِدٍ قَالَا: ثنا بُنْدَارٌ، ثنا أُمَيَّةُ بْنُ خَالِدٍ، ثنا شُعْبَةُ، قَالَ: كُنْتُ عِنْدَ أَبِي إِسْحَاقَ فَقَالَ رَجُلٌ لِأَبِي إِسْحَاقَ: إِنَّ شُعْبَةَ يَقُولُ: إِنَّكَ لَمْ تَسْمَعْ مِنْ عَلْقَمَةَ شَيْئًا؟ فَقَالَ: صَدَقَ.
Shu'bah (may Allah have mercy on him) said: I was with Abu Ishaq (may Allah have mercy on him) when a man said to Abu Ishaq (may Allah have mercy on him): Shu'bah (may Allah have mercy on him) says that you did not hear anything from Alqamah (may Allah have mercy on him). He replied: He has spoken the truth.
أَخْبَرَنَا عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ ثنا أَبُو الْعَبَّاسِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ، قَالَ: سَمِعْتُ الْعَبَّاسَ بْنَ مُحَمَّدٍ الدُّورِيَّ، يَقُولُ: سَمِعْتُ يَحْيَى بْنَ مَعِينٍ، يَقُولُ: أَبُو إِسْحَاقَ قَدْ رَأَى عَلْقَمَةَ، وَلَمْ يَسْمَعْ مِنْهُ وَالْآخَرُ حَدِيثُ سَهْلِ بْنِ أَبِي حَثْمَةَ فِي الَّذِي وَدَاهُ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ فِيهِ: بِمِائَةٍ مِنْ إِبِلِ الصَّدَقَةِ وَبَنُو الْمَخَاضِ لَا مَدْخَلَ لَهَا فِي أَصْلِ الصَّدَقَاتِ، وَاللهُ أَعْلَمُ وَحَدِيثُ الْقَسَامَةِ، وَإِنْ كَانَ فِي قَتْلِ الْعَمْدِ وَنَحْنُ نَتَكَلَّمُ فِي قَتْلِ الْخَطَأِ، فَحِينَ لَمْ يَثْبُتْ ذَلِكَ الْقَتْلُ عَلَى أَحَدٍ مِنْهُمْ بِعَيْنِهِ وَدَاهُ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ بِدِيَةِ الْخَطَأِ مُتَبَرِّعًا بِذَلِكَ، وَاللهُ أَعْلَمُ وَالَّذِي يَدُلُّ عَلَيْهِ أَنَّهُ قَالَ: مِنْ إِبِلِ الصَّدَقَةِ وَلَا مَدْخَلَ لِلْخَلِفَاتِ الَّتِي تَجِبُ فِي دِيَةِ الْعَمْدِ فِي أَصْلِ الصَّدَقَاتِ.
Yahya bin Ma'in (may Allah have mercy on him) said: Abu Ishaq (may Allah have mercy on him) saw Alqamah (may Allah have mercy on him) but did not hear anything from him. And the other (excuse) is the hadith of Sahl bin Abi Hathmah (may Allah be pleased with him), in which the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) paid the diyah from the camels of charity (sadaqah), and banu makhad are not included in charity at all. And Allah knows best. The hadith of qasamah concerns deliberate killing, while we are speaking about accidental killing; since the killing had not been established against any one of them, he (peace and blessings be upon him) paid the diyah on his own behalf. And Allah knows best. What indicates this is that they were from the camels of charity, and the khalifat (pregnant she-camels) are likewise not included in the basis of charity.
