Imam al-Shafi'i (may Allah have mercy on him) said: "Allah, exalted be His praise, says: 'And do not kill the soul which Allah has forbidden (to be killed), except by right.' [Surah al-An'am: 151]
And He said: 'And those who do not call upon another god along with Allah, nor kill the soul which Allah has forbidden, except by right.' (the verse) [Surah al-Furqan: 68]"
Hadith Referenceالسنن الكبرى للبيهقي / كتاب النفقات / Q15822
Sayyiduna Abdullah (may Allah be pleased with him) said that a man came to him (peace and blessings be upon him) and asked about the major sins. He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "To set up a partner with Allah though He is your Creator, to kill your child for fear of provision, and to commit fornication with your neighbour's wife." Then he (peace and blessings be upon him) recited this verse: 'And those who do not call upon another god along with Allah, nor kill the soul which Allah has forbidden, except by right, nor commit fornication; and whoever does that will meet the penalty.' [Surah al-Furqan: 68]
Hadith Referenceالسنن الكبرى للبيهقي / كتاب النفقات / 15822
Sayyiduna Abdullah (may Allah be pleased with him) said that a man came to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) and asked: O Messenger of Allah, which sin is greatest in the sight of Allah? He (peace and blessings be upon him) answered: "To associate partners with Allah though He is your Creator." He asked: Then which? He said: "To kill your child for fear of poverty." He asked: Then which? He said: "To commit fornication with your neighbour's wife." Then Allah revealed in confirmation of it: 'And those who do not call upon another god along with Allah, nor kill the soul which Allah has forbidden, except by right, nor commit fornication; and whoever does that will meet the penalty.' [Surah al-Furqan: 68]
Imam al-Shafi'i (may Allah have mercy on him) said: Allah Almighty says: 'Whoever kills a soul other than for a soul or for corruption in the land, it is as if he has killed all of mankind.' [Surah al-Ma'idah: 32] and 'And recite to them the story of the two sons of Adam in truth' up to His words 'and he became one of the losers.' [Surah al-Ma'idah: 27-30]
Hadith Referenceالسنن الكبرى للبيهقي / كتاب النفقات / 15823
Abdullah bin Mas'ud (may Allah be pleased with him) said that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Whoever is killed unjustly in the world, a share of the sin of his killing also goes to the first son of Adam (peace be upon him), because he was the first to initiate killing."
In the narration of Abu Mu'awiyah the words are: "No one is killed unjustly in the world except that a share of its sin falls upon the son of Adam, because it was he who initiated killing."
Bukhari recorded it from al-Humaydi, and Muslim from Ibn Abi Umar from Sufyan. Allah Almighty says: 'And whoever kills a believer intentionally, his recompense is Hell, abiding therein forever, and Allah is angry with him, has cursed him and has prepared for him a great punishment.' [Surah al-Nisa: 93]
Hadith Referenceالسنن الكبرى للبيهقي / كتاب النفقات / 15824
Al-Mughirah bin al-Nu'man said: I heard Sa'id bin Jubayr (may Allah have mercy on him) say: The people of Kufah differed over this verse: 'And whoever kills a believer intentionally, his recompense is Hell, abiding therein forever' [Surah al-Nisa: 93]. I went to Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with him) and asked him about it, and he said: This verse, 'his recompense is Hell', was among the last to be revealed, and nothing abrogated it.
Hadith Referenceالسنن الكبرى للبيهقي / كتاب النفقات / 15825
Sa'id bin Jubayr (may Allah have mercy on him) said: I asked Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with him) about this verse: 'And whoever kills a believer intentionally, his recompense is Hell' [Surah al-Nisa: 93], and he said: There is no repentance for him. And I asked about this verse: 'And those who do not call upon another god along with Allah' [Surah al-Furqan: 68] up to His words 'except whoever repents and believes' [Surah al-Furqan: 70], and he said: This was in the time of ignorance (Jahiliyyah).
Hadith Referenceالسنن الكبرى للبيهقي / كتاب النفقات / 15826
Sa'id bin Jubayr (may Allah have mercy on him) said: Abd al-Rahman bin Abza (may Allah be pleased with him) instructed me to ask Sayyiduna Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with him) about these two verses, what they mean. The first is the verse of Surah al-Furqan: 'And those who do not call upon another god along with Allah' up to His words 'nor commit fornication' [Surah al-Furqan: 68], and the second is verse 93 of Surah al-Nisa: 'And whoever kills a believer intentionally' to the end [Surah al-Nisa: 93]. So I asked Sayyiduna Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with him), and he said: When the verse of Surah al-Furqan was revealed, the polytheists of Makkah said: We have killed the soul which Allah forbade, we have called upon another god along with Allah, and we have committed indecencies. So Allah Almighty revealed: 'Except whoever repents and believes' up to His words 'good deeds' [Surah al-Furqan: 70]; so this is for those people. And the verse of Surah al-Nisa is about a person who knows Islam and its laws and then kills (a believer intentionally); there is no repentance for him. I mentioned this to Mujahid (may Allah have mercy on him), and he said: Except the one who regrets.
Hadith Referenceالسنن الكبرى للبيهقي / كتاب النفقات / 15827
Kharijah bin Zayd (may Allah have mercy on him) said: I heard Sayyiduna Zayd bin Thabit (may Allah be pleased with him) saying that this verse of Surah al-Nisa, 'And whoever kills a believer intentionally' [Surah al-Nisa: 93], was revealed six months after the verse of Surah al-Furqan, 'And those who do not call upon another god along with Allah' [Surah al-Furqan: 68].
The Shaykh said: The revelation was indeed thus, but the interpretation will be in accordance with the verse of Surah al-Furqan.
Hadith Referenceالسنن الكبرى للبيهقي / كتاب النفقات / 15828
Abu Mijlaz (may Allah have mercy on him) said concerning this saying of Allah Almighty, 'And whoever kills a believer intentionally' [Surah al-Nisa: 93]: That is indeed his recompense, but if Allah Almighty wills, He can also forgive him.
Hadith Referenceالسنن الكبرى للبيهقي / كتاب النفقات / 15829
Hisham bin Hassan (may Allah have mercy on him) said: We were with Muhammad bin Sirin (may Allah have mercy on him) when a man stood up and recited: 'And whoever kills a believer intentionally, his recompense is Hell' [Surah al-Nisa: 93], until he completed the verse. Ibn Sirin (may Allah have mercy on him) became very angry and said: Have you not heard this saying: 'Indeed, Allah does not forgive that partners be associated with Him, but He forgives what is less than that for whom He wills' [Surah al-Nisa: 48], that Allah forgives every sin besides shirk? Then he said: Get up and leave my gathering. And he was put out from there.
Hadith Referenceالسنن الكبرى للبيهقي / كتاب النفقات / 15831
Sufyan bin Uyaynah (may Allah have mercy on him) said: When the people of knowledge were asked about this, they would answer that there is no repentance for him; but when a person had actually committed a killing, they would tell him to repent.
Hadith Referenceالسنن الكبرى للبيهقي / كتاب النفقات / 15832
Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Abbas (may Allah be pleased with him) said that a man came and said: I filled my trough for my animals so that I could water them. A man's she-camel came and breached my trough, and all the water flowed away. I got up hastily and in anger killed the owner of the she-camel with a sword. Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Abbas (may Allah be pleased with him) said: This is not intentional killing, and he ordered him to repent.
Hadith Referenceالسنن الكبرى للبيهقي / كتاب النفقات / 15833
Abu Ishaq al-Sabi'i (may Allah have mercy on him) said that a man came to Sayyiduna Uthman (may Allah be pleased with him) and said: O Commander of the Believers, I have committed a killing; can my repentance be accepted? Sayyiduna Uthman (may Allah be pleased with him) recited the first three verses of Surah Ghafir: 'Ha Mim. The revelation of the Book' up to His words 'severe in punishment' [Surah Ghafir: 1-3]. Then he said: Keep doing good deeds and keep repenting, and do not despair.
We have narrated hadiths from the Sunnah of the Messenger (peace and blessings be upon him) that confirm the saying of Abu Mijlaz, which has already passed in (15829) and (15830).
Hadith Referenceالسنن الكبرى للبيهقي / كتاب النفقات / 15834
Sayyiduna Jabir (may Allah be pleased with him) said that al-Tufayl bin Amr al-Dawsi (may Allah be pleased with him) came to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) and said: "Would you like a strong fortress and protection?" (Daws had a fortress in the time of ignorance.) He (peace and blessings be upon him) declined, because of what Allah had reserved for the Ansar. When he (peace and blessings be upon him) migrated to Madinah, al-Tufayl (may Allah be pleased with him) and another man of his people migrated with him. On reaching Madinah they found its climate unwholesome; that other man fell ill, and from the intensity of his suffering he cut his finger joints with arrowheads, so that his hands bled profusely and he died. Al-Tufayl (may Allah be pleased with him) saw him in a dream in a good state, and saw that he had covered his hand. Al-Tufayl (may Allah be pleased with him) asked him: "Why have you covered your hand?" The man said: "I was told: We will not mend what you yourself have ruined." Al-Tufayl (may Allah be pleased with him) related the whole dream to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), and he (peace and blessings be upon him) said: 'Allahumma wa li-yadayhi faghfir' (O Allah, forgive his hands as well).
Hadith Referenceالسنن الكبرى للبيهقي / كتاب النفقات / 15835
Sayyiduna Abu Sa'id (may Allah be pleased with him) said that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Among the nations before you there was a man who had killed ninety-nine (99) people. Having asked people, he came to a monk and said: I have killed ninety-nine (99) people; can my repentance be accepted? The monk said: No. So he killed him too and completed one hundred killings. Then he asked people about a good scholar, and they told him. That man came to the scholar and asked: I have killed one hundred (100) people; can my repentance be accepted? He replied: Yes. Do this: go to such-and-such a land, where righteous people live, and worship along with them; do not come back here, for this is a land of trials. The man set out, and he had covered only half of the way when death overtook him. The angels of mercy and the angels of punishment disputed over him. The angels of mercy said: He set out repenting to Allah with his heart. The angels of punishment said: He never did any good deed at all. An angel came in the form of a man and said: Measure the land; whichever side is closer, let them take him. The land was measured and he was found closer to the land he intended, so the decision went in favour of the angels of mercy, and they took him."
Qatadah (may Allah have mercy on him) said: Al-Hasan (may Allah have mercy on him) said: It was mentioned to us that when death came to him, he pushed himself forward with his chest.
Hadith Referenceالسنن الكبرى للبيهقي / كتاب النفقات / 15836
Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Every prophet has a supplication that is certainly answered. I have saved my supplication for the Day of Resurrection, with which I will intercede, and it will reach every member of my Ummah except the one who associates partners with Allah."
Hadith Referenceالسنن الكبرى للبيهقي / كتاب النفقات / 15837
Sayyiduna Anas bin Malik (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "My intercession will be especially for those of my Ummah who have committed major sins."
Hadith Referenceالسنن الكبرى للبيهقي / كتاب النفقات / 15838