السنن الكبرى للبيهقي
Sunan al-Kubra al-Bayhaqi
كتاب النفقات
Book of Maintenance
باب: ما جاء في قول الله عز وجل: وعلى الوارث مثل ذلك
The words of Allah, the Mighty and Majestic: "And upon the heir is the like of that"
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أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو نَصْرٍ عُمَرُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْعَزِيزِ بْنِ عُمَرَ بْنِ قَتَادَةَ، أنا أَبُو مَنْصُورٍ الْعَبَّاسُ بْنُ الْفَضْلِ النَّضْرَوِيُّ، نا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ نَجْدَةَ، نا سَعِيدُ بْنُ مَنْصُورٍ، نا هُشَيْمٌ، نا أَشْعَثُ، عَنِ الشَّعْبِيِّ، وَعَمَّنْ حَدَّثَهُ، عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ فِي قَوْلِهِ: {وَعَلَى الْوَارِثِ مِثْلُ ذَلِكَ} [البقرة: ٢٣٣] قَالَ: " أَنْ لَا يُضَارَّ ".
Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) said regarding the saying of Allah Almighty: "And upon the heir is the like of that" [Surah al-Baqarah: 233]: (It means) that no harm should be caused.
وَأَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ، أنا عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ الْحَسَنِ، نا إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ الْحُسَيْنِ، نا آدَمُ، نا وَرْقَاءُ، عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي نَجِيحٍ، عَنْ مُجَاهِدٍ فِي قَوْلِهِ: وَالْوَالِدَاتُ يُرْضِعْنَ أَوْلَادَهُنَّ حَوْلَيْنِ كَامِلَيْنِ قَالَ: " يَعْنِي الْوَالِدَاتِ الْمُطَلَّقَاتِ "، لَا تُضَارَّ وَالِدَةٌ بِوَلَدِهَا يَقُولُ: " لَا تَأْبَى أَنْ تُرْضِعَهُ ضِرَارًا يَشُقُّ عَلَى أَبِيهِ "، وَلَا مَوْلُودٌ لَهُ بِوَلَدِهِ يَقُولُ: " وَلَا يُضَارَّ الْوَالِدُ بِوَلَدِهِ فَيَمْنَعُ أُمَّهُ أَنْ تُرْضِعَهُ لِيُحْزِنَهَا بِذَلِكَ "، وَعَلَى الْوَارِثِ مِثْلُ ذَلِكَ قَالَ: " يَعْنِي الْوَلِيَّ مَنْ كَانَ "، فَإِنْ أَرَادَا فِصَالًا عَنْ تَرَاضٍ مِنْهُمَا وَتَشَاوُرٍ، " غَيْرَ مُسِيئِينَ فِي ظُلْمِ أَنْفُسِهِمَا وَلَا إِلَى صَبِيِّهِمَا دُونَ الْحَوْلَيْنِ "، فَلَا جُنَاحَ عَلَيْهِمَا، وَإِنْ أَرَدْتُمْ أَنْ تَسْتَرْضِعُوا أَوْلَادَكُمْ خِيفَةَ الضَّيْعَةِ عَلَى الصَّبِيِّ، فَلَا جُنَاحَ عَلَيْكُمْ إِذَا سَلَّمْتُمْ مَا آتَيْتُمْ بِالْمَعْرُوفِ، يَعْنِي بِحِسَابِ مَا أَرْضَعَ الصَّبِيَّ ".
Mujahid (may Allah have mercy on him) said regarding the saying of Allah Almighty: "And mothers shall breastfeed their children for two full years" [Surah al-Baqarah: 233]: This refers to divorced nursing mothers. Regarding "No mother should be harmed through her child" [Surah al-Baqarah: 233] he said: She should not refuse to breastfeed him out of spite, so that he becomes a burden on his father. Regarding "nor the one to whom the child is born, through his child" [Surah al-Baqarah: 233] he said: The father should not cause harm through his child by preventing its mother from breastfeeding it, in order to grieve her by that. Regarding "And upon the heir is the like of that" [Surah al-Baqarah: 233] he said: That is, the guardian, whoever he may be. Regarding "If they both desire weaning by mutual consent and consultation" [Surah al-Baqarah: 233] he said: Without either of them doing wrong to themselves or to their child before the two years (are complete); "then there is no blame on them." Regarding "And if you wish to have your children nursed (by others)" [Surah al-Baqarah: 233] he said: For fear of the child being neglected. Regarding "then there is no blame on you as long as you pay what you give according to what is fair" [Surah al-Baqarah: 233] he said: That is, according to the reckoning of how long the child was nursed.
أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو نَصْرِ بْنُ قَتَادَةَ، أنا أَبُو مَنْصُورٍ النَّضْرَوِيُّ، أنا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ نَجْدَةَ، نا سَعِيدُ بْنُ مَنْصُورٍ، نا سُفْيَانُ، عَنِ ابْنِ جُرَيْجٍ، عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ شُعَيْبٍ، عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ الْمُسَيِّبِ، أَنَّ عُمَرَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ " جَبَرَ عَصَبَةَ صَبِيٍّ أَنْ يُنْفِقُوا عَلَيْهِ الرِّجَالُ دُونَ النِّسَاءِ " وَرَوَاهُ لَيْثُ بْنُ أَبِي سُلَيْمٍ عَنْ رَجُلٍ عَنِ ابْنِ الْمُسَيِّبِ أَنَّ عُمَرَ بْنَ الْخَطَّابِ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ " جَبَرَ عَمًّا عَلَى رَضَاعِ ابْنِ أَخِيهِ " وَهُوَ مُنْقَطِعٌ.
It is narrated from Sa'id bin al-Musayyib (may Allah have mercy on him) that Sayyiduna Umar bin al-Khattab (may Allah be pleased with him) compelled the paternal relatives ('asabah) of a child to spend on him, the men and not the women. Layth bin Abi Sulaym narrated it from a man, from Ibn al-Musayyib, that Sayyiduna Umar bin al-Khattab (may Allah be pleased with him) compelled a paternal uncle (to pay) for the nursing of his brother's son; and this is munqati' (its chain is broken).
وَأَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو نَصْرِ بْنُ قَتَادَةَ، أنا أَبُو مَنْصُورٍ النَّضْرَوِيُّ، أنا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ نَجْدَةَ، نا سَعِيدُ بْنُ مَنْصُورٍ، أنا عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ الْمُبَارَكِ، عَنْ مَعْمَرٍ، عَنِ الزُّهْرِيِّ، أَنَّ عُمَرَ بْنَ الْخَطَّابِ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ " أَغْرَمَ ثَلَاثَةً كُلُّهُمْ يَرِثُ الصَّبِيَّ أَجْرَ رَضَاعَةٍ " هَذَا مُنْقَطِعٌ وَاللهُ أَعْلَمُ.
It is narrated from Imam al-Zuhri (may Allah have mercy on him) that Sayyiduna Umar bin al-Khattab (may Allah be pleased with him) made three (men) liable to pay, all of whom were heirs of the child, in return for his nursing. This is munqati' (its chain is broken).
